CN111809798A - Lattice type building block combined special-shaped column containing hidden column - Google Patents
Lattice type building block combined special-shaped column containing hidden column Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of buildings, and particularly relates to a latticed building block combined special-shaped column containing a hidden column. The combined special-shaped column provided by the invention comprises: a plurality of units consisting of hidden columns, autoclaved aerated concrete blocks and batten plates; autoclaved aerated concrete blocks are arranged between adjacent hidden columns; and a plurality of batten plates perpendicular to the embedded columns are arranged on two sides of the autoclaved aerated concrete block, and two ends of each batten plate are welded with the embedded columns. The invention overcomes the technical problem of poor bearing capacity and anti-seismic performance of the concrete special-shaped column in the prior art, can effectively improve the bearing capacity and the anti-seismic performance, solves the problem of convex columns, increases the using area of a building, and has the advantages of heat preservation and insulation, fire resistance and flame retardance, sound absorption and sound insulation and the like. Compared with the same type of structure, the structure is quicker and more convenient in construction and simpler in structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of buildings, and particularly relates to a latticed building block combined special-shaped column containing a hidden column.
Background
Along with the development of society, the urbanization process is continuously developed, the population of cities and towns is increased rapidly, and the construction of various economically applicable high-rise buildings in limited urban land resources becomes a necessary trend. The concrete special-shaped column frame has the advantages of saving energy, reducing the self weight of a building, increasing the use area, adapting to the requirements of function change and the like, so that the concrete special-shaped column frame is widely applied to multi-storey and small high-rise residences. At present, the special-shaped column made of concrete materials is used mostly, but the special-shaped column made of concrete materials is poor in bearing capacity and anti-seismic performance, and the application of the system is severely limited.
CN201835401U discloses a composite shear wall with a profiled column frame, which is characterized by comprising: the special-shaped column (11), the special-shaped beam (12), the light concrete composite wall (13) and the floor slab (14); the special-shaped columns (11) and the special-shaped beams (12) are enclosed to form a rectangular frame; the lightweight concrete composite wall (13) is embedded in the rectangular frame; the floor (14) is horizontally connected with the special-shaped beam (12). The composite shear wall with the special-shaped column frame provided by the patent document can improve the energy consumption capacity and the seismic capacity of the special-shaped column frame structure on the premise of ensuring reasonable civil construction cost and not influencing the use of a building.
The CN201835401U adopts a traditional special-shaped column frame structure, the anti-seismic performance is poor, the lateral stiffness of the structure can be improved to a small degree by the arranged composite shear wall, the concrete special-shaped column mainly resists the seismic action, the concrete ductility is poor, and the structure is easy to damage under the seismic action; the structure contains a large amount of field operation, the construction is complex, and the construction period is not favorable.
Therefore, the invention provides a special-shaped column which is simple in construction, excellent in earthquake resistance and simple in structure.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a novel lattice type building block combined special-shaped column containing a hidden column, which is formed by combining the hidden column, concrete, a building block and a batten plate which are welded by steel plates, and can effectively improve the bearing capacity and the anti-seismic performance of the combined special-shaped column; because the building blocks are adopted in the invention, the construction is more convenient, and the invention has simple integral structure and strong practicability.
The lattice type building block combined special-shaped column containing the hidden column provided by the invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
lattice type building block combination dysmorphism post that contains hidden pole includes: a plurality of units consisting of hidden columns, autoclaved aerated concrete blocks and batten plates; autoclaved aerated concrete blocks are arranged between adjacent hidden columns; and a plurality of batten plates perpendicular to the embedded columns are arranged on two sides of the autoclaved aerated concrete block, and two ends of each batten plate are welded with the embedded columns.
The hidden column is a square pipe formed by welding thin-wall steel plates or integrally prefabricated and molded.
Concrete is poured in the hidden columns, and the concrete is any one of ordinary concrete, light aggregate concrete or high-performance concrete.
The two ends of the batten plate are welded with the hidden columns in a groove welding mode.
Three batten plates are arranged on two sides of the autoclaved aerated concrete block respectively, the width of each batten plate is 500mm, and the interval is 400 mm.
The hidden column and the batten plate are made of any one of carbon structural steel Q235 grade steel, low-alloy high-strength structural steel Q345 grade, Q390 grade, Q420 grade or Q460 grade steel.
The autoclaved aerated concrete block is 450mm long, 140mm wide and 300mm high. The autoclaved aerated concrete block is built by adopting special mortar for the block, and the autoclaved aerated concrete block is built along with the laying, and the mortar joint is horizontal, flat, vertical, uniform in width and thickness.
The section of the special-shaped column is L-shaped, T-shaped or cross-shaped, and the section form of the special-shaped column can be selected according to the actual engineering.
And when the anti-seismic grades are first-level (9 degrees), first-level (6, 7 and 8 degrees), second-level and third-level, the axial pressure ratio limit values of the special-shaped column are respectively 0.45, 0.5, 0.55 and 0.6.
The method for determining the sizes of the components of the combined special-shaped column is as follows:
a＝140+2t2
b＝a-2t1
l＝450mm
in the formula, t1，t2The section thicknesses of the hidden column (square steel tube) and the batten plate respectively;
a-the section width of the hidden column (square steel tube);
b-the section width of the concrete in the square steel tube;
l-length of gusset plate;
atto facilitate calculation of the temporarily taken average value of the section width of the square steel tube, at＝155mm；
fy-steel yield strength;
n and V are respectively the axle center pressure design value and the shear resistance bearing capacity design value of the combined special-shaped column and are obtained by calculating the internal force of the structure;
n is the number of branches of the combined special-shaped column, and for the structure, the L-shaped n is 3, the T-shaped n is 4, and the cross-shaped n is 5;
f，fcthe designed values of the compressive strength of the steel and the concrete are respectively obtained.
After the sizes and materials of all components of the combined special-shaped column are primarily selected, whether the axial pressure bearing capacity of the combined special-shaped column meets the following requirements or not is verified:
Nu≥N
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
N0＝nfc(1.212+Bθ+C2θ2)(As+Ac)+0.75(n-1)fcbAcb
in the formula, Nu-combining the axial compressive bearing capacity of the profiled column;
N0the axial pressure bearing capacity of the combined special-shaped column without considering the slenderness ratio;
Ncrthe bearing capacity of the combined special-shaped column is stabilized by axial compression;
C1-calculating the coefficient of the axial pressure bearing capacity;
B，C2the coefficient of influence of the cross-sectional shape on the cuff effect,
theta-hoop coefficient of the steel tube concrete column,
As，Ac-the area of the cross section of the square steel tube and the area of the cross section of the concrete in the tube, As＝a2-b2，Ac＝b2；
fcb-design value of compressive strength of autoclaved aerated concrete block;
Acb-cross-sectional area of single-limb autoclaved aerated concrete block wall, Acb＝140×450＝63000mm2；
Es，Ec-the elastic modulus of steel and concrete, respectively;
Is，Ic-the moments of inertia of the steel pipe and the concrete, respectively;
k-calculating the length coefficient;
l-column height;
C3-the combined coefficient of the bending stiffness of the cross section,
after the sizes and materials of all components of the combined special-shaped column are initially selected, whether the shearing resistance bearing capacity of the combined special-shaped column meets the following requirements or not is verified:
Vu≥V
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Vu＝1.1f[nAs+0.4(n-1)A′s]
in the formula, Vu-combining the design value of the shear resistance bearing capacity of the profiled pole;
A′s-two dark column spacer plate cross-sectional areas, A's＝2t2l。
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the hidden columns are arranged, so that the problem of convex columns is solved, and the using area of a building is increased;
(2) according to the hidden post and batten plate structure, the processing can be finished by adopting the traditional cold bending and welding processing technology, most processing procedures can be finished in a factory in a prefabricated mode, the processing is rapid, the construction is convenient, and the structure is simple;
(3) the autoclaved aerated concrete block has the advantages of heat preservation and insulation, fire resistance and flame retardance, sound absorption and sound insulation and the like;
(4) the special-shaped column has various cross section forms and can adapt to the requirement of function change; the technical problem that the bearing capacity and the anti-seismic performance of the special-shaped column are poor in the prior art is solved, and the bearing capacity and the anti-seismic performance of the special-shaped column can be effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an "L" -shaped composite shaped pillar of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a "T" -shaped composite profile post of example 2;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the cross-shaped combined irregular column of example 3;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a "T" -shaped combined irregular column of example 2;
in the figure, 1-hidden column, 2-autoclaved aerated concrete block and 3-batten plate.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art may better understand the invention, but the invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
The embodiment 1 provides an innovative and original latticed building block combined special-shaped column with a hidden column, and the special-shaped column consists of the hidden column 1, autoclaved aerated concrete blocks 2 and batten plates 3. The batten plates 3 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the embedded column, two ends of the batten plates 3 are welded on the embedded column 1, the outer surfaces of the batten plates are flush, and the welding mode adopts groove welding. Three batten plates 3 are respectively arranged on two sides of the autoclaved aerated concrete block 2, the width of each batten plate is 500mm, and the interval is 400 mm.
Concrete is poured in the hidden column 1, the hidden column 1 is a square pipe formed by welding thin-wall steel plates, and the poured concrete is common concrete C30;
the embedded column 1 and the batten plate 3 are made of carbon structural steel Q235-grade steel;
the autoclaved aerated concrete blocks 2 are built among the concealed columns 1, and the autoclaved aerated concrete blocks 2 are built by special mortar. The autoclaved aerated concrete block 2 is 450mm long, 140mm wide and 300mm high.
The sectional form of the special-shaped column is L-shaped, and the sectional view is shown in the attached figure 1.
The axial pressure bearing capacity calculation formula, the shearing resistance bearing capacity calculation formula and the size determination method of each component of the combined special-shaped column are as follows:
(1) formula for calculating axial pressure bearing capacity
The method comprises the following steps of (1) adopting an equivalent steel section method to enable concrete rigidity to be equivalent to steel rigidity, converting the steel rigidity into a steel section, considering that overall instability is easy to occur when the special-shaped column works as a whole, and considering the stability of a component, obtaining a calculation formula of the axial pressure bearing capacity of the combined special-shaped column:
in the formula, Nu-combining the axial compressive bearing capacity of the profiled column;
N0the axial pressure bearing capacity of the combined special-shaped column without considering the slenderness ratio;
Ncrthe bearing capacity of the combined special-shaped column is stabilized by axial compression;
C1-axle pressure bearing force calculation factor.
Not considering the axial pressure bearing capacity N of slenderness ratio0Formula for calculation
Although most of the autoclaved aerated concrete blocks are applied to the wall enclosure structure, the autoclaved aerated concrete blocks can also be applied to the bearing structure, for the combined special-shaped column in the invention, the factor of 0.75 is introduced in consideration of the certain bearing effect of the autoclaved aerated concrete blocks and the influence of the masonry mode on the strength of the autoclaved aerated concrete blocks, and the length and the fineness of the obtained combined special-shaped column are not consideredSpecific axial pressure bearing capacity N0：
N0＝nfscAsc+0.75(n-1)fcbAcb
In the formula, n is the number of branches of the combined special-shaped column, and for the structure, L-shaped n is 3, T-shaped n is 4, and cross-shaped n is 5;
fscthe design value of the compressive strength of the square steel tube concrete column is calculated according to the following formula in consideration of the fact that the compressive strength of the axis is improved by the hooping effect of the steel tube on the concrete in the tube:
fsc＝(1.212+Bθ+C2θ2)fc
B，C2the coefficient of influence of the cross-sectional shape on the cuff effect,
theta-hoop coefficient of the steel tube concrete column,
Ascthe cross-sectional area of the square steel tube concrete column is equal to the cross-sectional area of the square steel tube (A)s) And area of concrete in the pipe (A)c) Sum of Asc＝As+Ac；
f，fc，fcb-the designed values of the compressive strength of the steel, concrete and autoclaved aerated concrete blocks respectively;
Acbthe cross-sectional area of the single-limb autoclaved aerated concrete block wall.
In conclusion, the axial pressure bearing capacity N of the combined special-shaped column without considering the slenderness ratio is obtained0Comprises the following steps:
N0＝nfc(1.212+Bθ+C2θ2)(As+Ac)+0.75(n-1)fcbAcb
② stable bearing capacity N of axial compressioncrFormula for calculation
In a steel structure, the deformation of a component has strong influence on the stability of the structure, the hidden columns are connected only by the batten plates at certain intervals, and when the combined special-shaped column is unstable around a virtual axis, the influence of the shearing deformation of the column on the stable critical stress needs to be considered. When the influence of the shear stress is considered, the calculation formula of the axial pressure stable bearing capacity of the combined special-shaped column is as follows:
in the formula, Es，Ec-the elastic modulus of steel and concrete, respectively;
Is，Ic-the moments of inertia of the steel pipe and the concrete, respectively;
k-calculating the length coefficient;
l-column height;
C3-the section bending stiffness combination coefficient is calculated according to the following formula:
(2) formula for calculating shearing resistance and bearing capacity
The design value of the shearing resistance bearing capacity of the steel pipe concrete member is calculated according to the following formula:
Vu＝0.71fsvAsc
in the formula (f)svThe design value of the shear strength of the concrete filled steel tube is calculated according to the following formula:
Ascthe cross-sectional area of the concrete-filled steel tube member is equal to the cross-sectional area of the square steel tube (A)s) And area of concrete in the pipe (A)c) Sum of Asc＝As+Ac；
λscThe steel content of the steel tube concrete member,
the shear-resistant bearing capacity calculation formula of the single concrete filled steel tube embedded column can be obtained as follows:
Vu＝1.09837fAs
considering the contribution of the batten plate to the shearing resistance and the bearing capacity of the combined shear wall and the number n of the concrete filled steel tube embedded columns, the formula AsUsing nAs+0.4(n-1)A′sInstead of, A'sFor the cross-sectional area of the two hidden column intermediate batten plates, 1.09837 is approximate to 1.1 for simple calculation, and a calculation formula of the shear resistance of the combined shear wall can be obtained:
Vu＝1.1f[nAs+0.4(n-1)A′s]
in the formula, Vu-combining the design value of the shear resistance bearing capacity of the profiled pole;
A′s-two dark column interspersing plate cross-sectional areas.
(3) Combined profiled column component sizing
Firstly, determining the size of the hidden column
Because the width of the autoclaved aerated concrete block is 140mm, the section width a of the hidden column (the square steel tube) is about 150-160 mm, and the section width a of the temporary column ist155mm, and the section thickness of the square steel pipe is t1The width of the cross section of the concrete in the pipe is b, it can be known that
The following can be obtained:
Ac＝b2
when the size of the hidden column is designed, for simple calculation, the hoop effect of the square steel pipe and the contribution of the autoclaved aerated concrete blocks on the bearing capacity are not considered during strength design, the superposition theory is adopted for calculation, and N is takenu＝nfAs+nfcAcTo meet the calculation requirement of the compressive strength of the structure axis, the following requirements are met:
n is the designed axial pressure value of the combined special-shaped column and is obtained through structural internal force calculation.
The simple calculation can obtain:
it is known that
For square steel tube concrete member mainly pressed, the ratio of the side length to the thickness of the section of the square steel tube should satisfy
The thickness t of the square steel tube is obtained1It should satisfy:
fy-steel pipe yield strength.
Decoration plate size determination
By determining the section thickness t of a square steel tube1The area of the cross section of the available square steel pipe is as follows:
let the length of the batten plate be 450mm and the thickness be t2Then, the cross-sectional area of the two stud interspersing plates is:
A′s＝2t2l
the shearing-resistant bearing capacity of the combined special-shaped column is required to meet the following requirements:
V≤Vu＝1.1f[nAs+0.4(n-1)A′s]
v is the designed value of the shearing resistance bearing capacity of the combined special-shaped column, and is obtained through structural internal force calculation.
A is to bes，A′sSubstituting the formula to obtain:
V≤1.1f[4nt1(at-t1)+0.8(n-1)t2l]
the simple calculation can obtain:
to sum up, can carry out the primary election to combination dysmorphism post component structure size:
a＝140+2t2
b＝a-2t1
l＝450mm
after the combined special-shaped column is preliminarily selected, whether the axial pressure bearing capacity and the shearing resistance bearing capacity meet the conditions or not is checked, namely whether the conditions are met or not is determined:
Nu≥N
Vu≥V
(4) combined special-shaped column shaft pressure ratio limit value
By setting the axial compression ratio limit value of the special-shaped column, the ductility of the structure can be controlled, the earthquake reaction is weakened, and the earthquake resistance of the special-shaped column meets the requirement. The axial pressure ratio of the combined special-shaped column can be calculated according to the following formula:
wherein, muN-axial compression ratio of the combined profiled pole;
n' -designed axial pressure value under the action of the gravity load representative value;
can be simplified as follows:
research shows that when the axial pressure ratio is in the range of 0.2-0.4, the combined special-shaped column has the largest deformation capacity and the strongest energy consumption performance; when the axial pressure ratio exceeds 0.6, the deformability is reduced, the ductility is reduced, and the energy consumption capability is reduced. The axial pressure ratio has a certain influence on the initial rigidity of the combined special-shaped column, and when the axial pressure ratio is 0.2-0.6, the initial rigidity is close to the elastic rigidity. In order to ensure good anti-seismic performance of the combined special-shaped column, the axial compression ratio of the component is not too high in practical engineering. In consideration of the steel pipe restraining concrete lateral expansion deformation, the axial pressure ratio limit values proposed by the invention are shown in the following table:
table 1 combined profile column axial pressure ratio limit in example 1
| Grade of earthquake resistance | First level (9 degree) | First level (6, 7, 8 degree) | Second stage | Three-stage |
| Axial pressure ratio limit | 0.45 | 0.50 | 0.55 | 0.60 |
Example 2
The difference from the embodiment 1 is that the hidden column 1 is a square pipe which is prefabricated and formed integrally.
Lightweight aggregate concrete is poured in the hidden column 1;
the hidden column 1 and the batten plate 3 are made of carbon structural steel Q390 grade steel;
the sectional form of the combined special-shaped column is T-shaped, the sectional view is shown in figure 2, and the structural schematic diagram of the combined special-shaped column is shown in figure 4. The rest is the same as in example 1.
Example 3
The difference from the embodiment 1 is that the hidden column 1 is a square pipe which is prefabricated and formed integrally.
High-performance concrete is poured in the hidden column 1;
the hidden column 1 and the batten plate 3 are made of carbon structural steel Q420 grade steel;
the sectional form of the combined special-shaped column is a cross shape, and the sectional view is shown in figure 3. The rest is the same as in example 1.
TABLE 2 combined deformed column axial pressure ratio limit in examples 2 and 3
Examples 2 and 3 compared with example 1, the structure of the concealed pillar was slightly changed, the concrete material poured in the concealed pillar was replaced, and the material of the gusset plate was changed, and it was found that the axial compression ratio limit in example 2 was equivalent to that in example 1. This shows that the profiled pole of the invention has strong stability, and the axial pressure ratio limit value is almost unchanged even if slight deformation or related material replacement is carried out.
From the structure, the combined special-shaped column provided by the invention adopts the autoclaved aerated concrete block 2, the square pipe (the hidden column 1) formed by welding thin-wall steel plates and other materials, and the batten plate 3, and the raw materials can be prefabricated in factories, so that the processing is quick, the construction is convenient, the efficiency in specific construction is improved, and the combined special-shaped column can provide various cross-sectional forms due to the adoption of the structure, and can effectively improve the bearing capacity and the anti-seismic performance while meeting the requirement of function change.
The invention provides a structure mode of a hidden column, solves the problem of convex columns, and increases the using area of a building. Compared with the traditional convex column structure building, the method has the advantages of reasonable utilization and space saving.
Claims (10)
1. A lattice type building block combined special-shaped column containing hidden columns is characterized by comprising: a plurality of units consisting of hidden columns (1), autoclaved aerated concrete blocks (2) and batten plates (3); an autoclaved aerated concrete block (2) is arranged between the adjacent hidden columns (1); a plurality of batten plates (3) vertical to the hidden columns (1) are arranged on two sides of the autoclaved aerated concrete blocks (2), and two ends of each batten plate (3) are welded with the hidden columns (1).
2. The latticed block combined special-shaped column with the hidden column as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hidden column (1) is a square tube welded by thin-wall steel plates or integrally prefabricated and formed.
3. The latticed block combined special-shaped column with the hidden column as claimed in claim 1, wherein concrete is poured in the hidden column (1), and the concrete is any one of ordinary concrete, lightweight aggregate concrete or high-performance concrete.
4. The latticed block combined special-shaped column with the hidden column as claimed in claim 1, wherein both ends of the batten plate (3) are welded with the hidden column (1) by groove welding.
5. The latticed block combined special-shaped column with the hidden column as claimed in claim 1, wherein three batten plates (3) are respectively arranged at two sides of the autoclaved aerated concrete block (2), and the width of each batten plate (3) is 500mm, and the interval is 400 mm.
6. The cellular block composite shaped column comprising a hidden column as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material of the hidden column (1) and the gusset plate (3) is any one of a carbon structural steel Q235 grade, a low alloy high strength structural steel Q345 grade, Q390 grade, Q420 grade or Q460 grade.
7. The latticed block combined special-shaped column with the hidden column as claimed in claim 1, wherein the autoclaved aerated concrete block (2) is 450mm long, 140mm wide and 300mm high.
8. The lattice block combined special-shaped column containing the hidden column as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cross section of the combined special-shaped column is L-shaped, T-shaped or cross-shaped.
9. The lattice block combined special-shaped column containing the hidden columns as claimed in claim 1, wherein the axial pressure ratio limit values of the combined special-shaped column are 0.45, 0.5, 0.55 and 0.6 when the earthquake-resistant grades are 9 degrees in one stage, 6, 7 and 8 degrees in one stage, two stages and three stages respectively.
10. The lattice block combined special-shaped column with the hidden columns as claimed in claim 8 or 9, wherein the size of each component of the combined special-shaped column is determined by the following method:
a＝140+2t2
b＝a-2t1
l＝450mm
in the formula, t1，t2The section thicknesses of the hidden column (square steel tube) and the batten plate respectively;
a-the section width of the hidden column (square steel tube);
b-the section width of the concrete in the square steel tube;
l-length of gusset plate;
atto facilitate calculation of the temporarily taken average value of the section width of the square steel tube, at＝155mm；
fy-steel yield strength;
n and V are respectively the axle center pressure design value and the shear resistance bearing capacity design value of the combined special-shaped column and are obtained by calculating the internal force of the structure;
n is the number of branches of the combined special-shaped column, and in the structure, "L" -shaped n is 3, "T" -shaped n is 4, "cross" -shaped n is 5;
f，fcrespectively designing the compressive strength of the steel and the concrete;
after the sizes and materials of all components of the combined special-shaped column are primarily selected, the axial pressure bearing capacity of the combined special-shaped column is verified, and the verification formula is as follows:
Nu≥N
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
N0＝nfc(1.212+Bθ+C2θ2)(As+Ac)+0.75(n-1)fcbAcb
in the formula, Nu-combining the axial compressive bearing capacity of the profiled column;
N0the axial pressure bearing capacity of the combined special-shaped column without considering the slenderness ratio;
Ncrthe bearing capacity of the combined special-shaped column is stabilized by axial compression;
C1-calculating the coefficient of the axial pressure bearing capacity;
B，C2the coefficient of influence of the cross-sectional shape on the cuff effect,
theta-hoop coefficient of the steel tube concrete column,
As，Ac-the area of the cross section of the square steel tube and the area of the cross section of the concrete in the tube, As＝a2-b2，Ac＝b2；
fcb-design value of compressive strength of autoclaved aerated concrete block;
Acb-cross-sectional area of single-limb autoclaved aerated concrete block wall, Acb＝140×450＝63000mm2；
Es，Ec-the elastic modulus of steel and concrete, respectively;
Is，Ic-the moments of inertia of the steel pipe and the concrete, respectively;
k-calculating the length coefficient;
l-column height;
C3-the combined coefficient of the bending stiffness of the cross section,
after the sizes and materials of all components of the combined special-shaped column are primarily selected, the shearing bearing capacity of the combined special-shaped column is verified, and the verification formula is as follows:
Vu≥V
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Vu＝1.1f[nAs+0.4(n-1)A′s]
in the formula, Vu——The design value of the shearing resistance bearing capacity of the combined special-shaped column;
A′s-two dark column spacer plate cross-sectional areas, A's＝2t2l。
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