CN111807891A - Slow-release pesticide fertilizer containing imidacloprid and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl for rice and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Slow-release pesticide fertilizer containing imidacloprid and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl for rice and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/40—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting fertiliser dosage or release rate; for affecting solubility
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
- C05G5/35—Capsules, e.g. core-shell
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Abstract
The invention provides a slow-release pesticide fertilizer containing imidacloprid and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl for rice, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0.6 to 1.2 percent of imidacloprid, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of tetrachlorantraniliprole, 1 to 3 percent of mefenacet, 0.2 to 0.4 percent of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, 40 to 50 percent of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 10 to 15 percent of medical stone powder, 15 to 20 percent of modified sawdust, 5 to 10 percent of ethyl cellulose, 5 to 10 percent of cassava starch, 5 to 10 percent of acetate starch, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of dispersant, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of emulsifier and 1 to 3 percent of water. The invention also provides a preparation method of the pesticide fertilizer. The invention has the characteristics of killing pests, weeding and providing nutrients for paddy rice, and simultaneously has the function of releasing nutrients by stages and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of pesticides and fertilizers. More particularly, the invention relates to a slow-release pesticide fertilizer containing imidacloprid and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl for rice and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Rice is an important food crop in China, and the demand for the rice is continuously increased along with the increase of population. The rice planting needs multiple fertilization, weeding and insect killing, the labor intensity is high, and the production cost is high. With the improvement of the scientific and technical level, the agricultural production develops towards intensification, scale and high efficiency. In recent years, pesticides such as herbicides and insecticides are mixed with fertilizers to prepare fertilizers with slow release functions, so that the fertilizers can play roles of weeding and killing insects while fertilizing, multiple effects can be achieved by one-time field operation, and the labor efficiency is improved. After the existing slow release fertilizer granules are applied to a paddy field, the granules are gradually decomposed and released into soil to be absorbed by paddy rice. However, the nutrient requirement of the rice at different growth stages is different, so that the nutrient requirement of the rice at the later stage cannot be met by the conventional slow-release fertilizer applied once. Therefore, the slow-release pesticide fertilizer with the function of releasing nutrients in stages has wide market prospect.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described hereinafter.
The invention also aims to provide a slow-release pesticide fertilizer containing imidacloprid and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl for rice, which has the function of staged release while killing insects, weeding and providing nutrients for rice.
In order to achieve the purposes and other advantages of the invention, the invention provides a slow-release pesticide fertilizer containing imidacloprid and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl for rice, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0.6 to 1.2 percent of imidacloprid, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of tetrachlorantraniliprole, 1 to 3 percent of mefenacet, 0.2 to 0.4 percent of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, 40 to 50 percent of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 10 to 15 percent of medical stone powder, 15 to 20 percent of modified sawdust, 5 to 10 percent of ethyl cellulose, 5 to 10 percent of cassava starch, 5 to 10 percent of acetate starch, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of dispersant, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of emulsifier and 1 to 3 percent of water.
Preferably, the particle size of the medical stone powder is 5 to 10 μm.
A preparation method of a slow-release pesticide fertilizer containing imidacloprid and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl for rice comprises the following steps:
1) oxidizing primary hydroxyl on the sawdust into aldehyde group by using a laccase/TEMPO system to obtain oxidized sawdust, grafting aspartic acid onto the oxidized sawdust through Schiff base reaction, and drying to obtain modified sawdust;
2) dissolving 40-50 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer in 100 parts of water, uniformly stirring, and filtering insoluble particulate matters to obtain a fertilizer solution; adding 0.3-0.6 part of imidacloprid, 0.02-0.05 part of tetrachlorantraniliprole, 0.5-1.5 parts of mefenacet, 0.1-0.2 part of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, 0.05-0.1 part of dispersing agent, 0.05-0.15 part of emulsifying agent and 70-80 parts of fertilizer solution into a sand mill, and shearing and sanding until the particle size of the material is less than 5 mu m to obtain a first emulsion; adding 0.3-0.6 part of imidacloprid, 0.03-0.05 part of tetrachlorantraniliprole, 0.05-0.1 part of dispersant, 0.05-0.15 part of emulsifier and 70-80 parts of fertilizer solution into a sand mill, and shearing and sanding until the particle size of the material is less than 5 mu m to obtain a second emulsion;
3) spraying a second emulsion on the modified sawdust during stirring, drying to obtain slow-release pesticide-fertilizer particles, mixing 30-40 parts of the slow-release pesticide-fertilizer particles with 5-10 parts of cassava starch and 0.5-1 part of ethyl cellulose, placing the mixture in a high-pressure kettle, stirring for 30-50 minutes, taking out the mixture, placing the mixture in a granulator, granulating, and drying to obtain core particles;
4) dissolving 4-8 parts of ethyl cellulose in 20 parts of ethanol to obtain an ethyl cellulose solution, and spraying the ethyl cellulose solution on the core particles by adopting a fluidized bed coating machine to obtain a coated core;
5) spraying the first emulsion on 10-15 parts of medical stone powder while stirring, and drying to obtain the slow-release medical stone fertilizer; adding 35-45 parts of slow-release medical stone medical fertilizer, 5-10 parts of acetic ester starch and 0.5-1 part of ethyl cellulose into an organic solvent under the stirring condition, and fully stirring under the water bath heating condition to form an outer-layer coating liquid;
6) and spraying an outer layer coating liquid on the surface of the coated core by adopting a fluidized bed coating machine to obtain the medicinal fertilizer.
Preferably, in the step 4), the air inlet temperature of the coating machine of the fluidized bed coating machine is 55 ℃, the pressure of compressed air is 0.4Pa, and the atomization pressure of a spray head is 0.2 Pa; in the step 6), the inlet air temperature of the coating machine of the fluidized bed coating machine is 85 ℃, the pressure of compressed air is 0.5Pa, and the atomization pressure of a spray head is 0.4 Pa.
Preferably, in the step 6), the surface of the coated inner core is sprayed with the outer layer coating liquid for 2-3 times.
Preferably, in the step 6), a water-proof coating liquid is further sprayed on the outer layer of the pesticide fertilizer, and the preparation method of the water-proof coating liquid comprises the following steps: suspending 1-3 parts of tourmaline powder with the particle size of 5-10nm in 15-20 parts of ethyl cellulose solution, performing ultrasonic action at 80kHz for 5-10 minutes, adding 0.5-1 part of vitamin C, 1.5-2 parts of vitamin E and 3-5 parts of compound amino acid into the suspension, and performing ultrasonic action at 25kHz for 10-15 minutes to obtain the waterproof envelope liquid.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
the method is characterized in that imidacloprid, tetrachlorantraniliprole, mefenacet, pyrazosulfuron-ethyl and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer are used in a matched mode, weeding and pest and disease damage prevention and control are achieved while fertilization is conducted, and slow release of the fertilizer, the herbicide and the pesticide is achieved through utilization of medical stone powder and sawdust.
The medical fertilizer prepared by the application sequentially comprises an inner core particle, an ethyl cellulose membrane layer and a medical stone outer layer from the inner layer to the outer layer, after the medical fertilizer particle is spread in the field, the fertilizer, the pesticide and the herbicide on the medical stone outer layer are slowly released, water continuously diffuses to the inner layer, the concentration and the components of the fertilizer, the pesticide and the herbicide in the inner core particle are kept stable for a long time due to the fact that the hydrophobicity of the ethyl cellulose membrane prevents outside water from entering the inner core particle, the acetic ester starch and the medical stone outer layer bonded by the ethyl cellulose gradually disintegrate along with the lapse of time, the ethyl cellulose membrane in the middle layer decomposes under the action of light and microorganisms, the water enters the inner core particle, and the medical fertilizer has a secondary release peak; the application utilizes the light-sensitive decomposition of the ethyl cellulose membrane and the shading effect of medical stone to control the dosage of the medical stone powder, cassava starch and ethyl cellulose, and can play a role in controlling the release speed of the medical stone outer-layer medical fertilizer.
Thirdly, tourmaline powder, vitamin C, vitamin E and compound amino acid are added into the outer membrane coating liquid, so that stress resistance of the rice can be enhanced, and growth of the rice is promoted.
The application modifies the sawdust by using the aspartic acid, so that the sawdust can promote the rice to absorb nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the aspartic acid enriches heavy metals, thereby reducing the adsorption of the rice to the heavy metals and improving the quality of the rice
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention with reference to the description.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
Example 1
A slow-release pesticide fertilizer containing imidacloprid and pyrazosulfuron for rice comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0.6% of imidacloprid, 0.05% of tetrachlorantraniliprole, 1% of mefenacet, 0.2% of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, 40% of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 15% of medical stone powder, 20% of modified sawdust, 10% of ethyl cellulose, 5% of tapioca starch, 5% of acetate starch, 0.1% of dispersing agent, 0.1% of emulsifying agent and 1% of water.
Example 2
A slow-release pesticide fertilizer containing imidacloprid and pyrazosulfuron for rice comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1.2% of imidacloprid, 0.1% of tetrachlorantraniliprole, 3% of mefenacet, 0.4% of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, 50% of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 10% of medical stone powder, 15% of modified sawdust, 5% of ethyl cellulose, 5% of tapioca starch, 5% of acetate starch, 0.2% of dispersing agent, 0.3% of emulsifying agent and 3% of water.
Example 3
A preparation method of a slow-release pesticide fertilizer containing imidacloprid and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl for rice comprises the following steps:
1) oxidizing primary hydroxyl on the sawdust into aldehyde group by using a laccase/TEMPO system to obtain oxidized sawdust, grafting aspartic acid onto the oxidized sawdust through Schiff base reaction, wherein the mass ratio of the aspartic acid to the oxidized sawdust is 1:10, and drying to obtain modified sawdust;
2) dissolving 40 kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer in 100 kg of water, uniformly stirring, and filtering insoluble granular substances to obtain a fertilizer solution; adding 0.3 kg of imidacloprid, 0.02 kg of tetrachlorantraniliprole, 0.5 kg of mefenacet, 0.1 kg of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, 0.05 kg of dispersing agent, 0.05 kg of emulsifying agent and 70 kg of fertilizer solution into a sand mill, and shearing and sanding until the particle size of the material is less than 5 mu m to obtain a first emulsion; adding 0.3 kg of imidacloprid, 0.03 kg of tetrachlorantraniliprole, 0.05 kg of dispersing agent, 0.05 kg of emulsifying agent and 70 kg of fertilizer solution into a sand mill, and shearing and sanding until the particle size of the material is less than 5 mu m to obtain a second emulsion;
3) spraying a second emulsion on 20 kg of modified sawdust during stirring until the modified sawdust is wet, drying, spraying the second emulsion for multiple times until the second emulsion is sprayed to obtain slow-release pesticide-fertilizer particles, mixing 30 kg of the slow-release pesticide-fertilizer particles with 5 kg of cassava starch and 0.5 kg of ethyl cellulose, placing the mixture in an autoclave, stirring for 30 minutes, taking out the mixture, placing the mixture in a granulator, granulating, and drying to obtain core particles;
4) dissolving 4 kg of ethyl cellulose in 20 kg of ethanol to obtain an ethyl cellulose solution, and spraying the ethyl cellulose solution on the core particles by adopting a fluidized bed coating machine to obtain a coated core;
5) spraying the first emulsion on 10 kg of medical stone powder while stirring until the first emulsion is wet, drying, and spraying the first emulsion for multiple times until the first emulsion is sprayed to obtain the slow-release medical stone fertilizer; adding 35 kg of slow-release medical stone medical fertilizer, 5 kg of acetic ester starch and 0.5 kg of ethyl cellulose into an organic solvent under the stirring condition, and fully stirring under the water bath heating condition to form an outer-layer coating liquid;
6) and spraying an outer layer coating liquid on the surface of the coated core by adopting a fluidized bed coating machine to obtain the medicinal fertilizer.
Example 4
A preparation method of a slow-release pesticide fertilizer containing imidacloprid and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl for rice comprises the following steps:
1) oxidizing primary hydroxyl on the sawdust into aldehyde group by using a laccase/TEMPO system to obtain oxidized sawdust, grafting aspartic acid onto the oxidized sawdust through Schiff base reaction, and drying to obtain modified sawdust;
2) dissolving 50 kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer in 100 kg of water, uniformly stirring, and filtering insoluble granular substances to obtain a fertilizer solution; adding 0.6 kg of imidacloprid, 0.05 kg of tetrachlorantraniliprole, 1.5 kg of mefenacet, 0.2 kg of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, 0.1 kg of dispersant, 0.15 kg of emulsifier and 80 kg of fertilizer solution into a sand mill, and shearing and sanding until the particle size of the material is less than 5 mu m to obtain a first emulsion; adding 0.6 kg of imidacloprid, 0.05 kg of tetrachlorantraniliprole, 0.1 kg of dispersing agent, 0.15 kg of emulsifying agent and 80 kg of fertilizer solution into a sand mill, and shearing and sanding until the particle size of the material is less than 5 mu m to obtain a second emulsion;
3) spraying a second emulsion on 15 kg of modified sawdust during stirring, drying, spraying the second emulsion for multiple times until the prepared second emulsion is sprayed to obtain slow-release pesticide-fertilizer particles, mixing 40 kg of the slow-release pesticide-fertilizer particles with 10 kg of cassava starch and 1 kg of ethyl cellulose, placing the mixture in a high-pressure kettle, stirring for 50 minutes, taking out the mixture, placing the mixture in a granulator, granulating, and drying to obtain core particles;
4) dissolving 8 kg of ethyl cellulose in 20 kg of ethanol to obtain an ethyl cellulose solution, and spraying the ethyl cellulose solution on the core particles by adopting a fluidized bed coating machine to obtain a coated core; wherein the air inlet temperature of the coating machine of the fluidized bed coating machine is 55 ℃, the pressure of compressed air is 0.4Pa, and the atomization pressure of a spray head is 0.2 Pa;
5) spraying a first emulsion on 15 kg of medical stone powder while stirring until the surface is wet, drying, and spraying the first emulsion for multiple times until the first emulsion is sprayed to obtain the slow-release medical stone fertilizer; adding 45 kg of slow-release medical stone medical fertilizer, 10 kg of acetic ester starch and 1 kg of ethyl cellulose into an organic solvent under the stirring condition, and fully stirring under the water bath heating condition to form an outer-layer coating liquid;
6) spraying an outer layer coating liquid on the surface of the coated core by adopting a fluidized bed coating machine to obtain the medicinal fertilizer; wherein, the air inlet temperature of the coating machine of the fluidized bed coating machine is 85 ℃, the pressure of compressed air is 0.5Pa, and the atomization pressure of a spray head is 0.4 Pa.
Example 5
A preparation method of a slow-release pesticide fertilizer containing imidacloprid and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl for rice comprises the following steps:
1) oxidizing primary hydroxyl on the sawdust into aldehyde group by using a laccase/TEMPO system to obtain oxidized sawdust, grafting aspartic acid onto the oxidized sawdust through Schiff base reaction, and drying to obtain modified sawdust;
2) dissolving 45 kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer in 100 kg of water, uniformly stirring, and filtering insoluble granular substances to obtain a fertilizer solution; adding 0.6 kg of imidacloprid, 0.05 kg of tetrachlorantraniliprole, 1.5 kg of mefenacet, 0.2 kg of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, 0.1 kg of dispersant, 0.15 kg of emulsifier and 80 kg of fertilizer solution into a sand mill, and shearing and sanding until the particle size of the material is less than 5 mu m to obtain a first emulsion; adding 0.6 kg of imidacloprid, 0.05 kg of tetrachlorantraniliprole, 0.1 kg of dispersing agent, 0.15 kg of emulsifying agent and 80 kg of fertilizer solution into a sand mill, and shearing and sanding until the particle size of the material is less than 5 mu m to obtain a second emulsion;
3) spraying 18 kg of modified sawdust with a second emulsion to moisten the surface, drying, spraying for multiple times until the second emulsion is sprayed to obtain slow-release pesticide-fertilizer particles, mixing 40 kg of the slow-release pesticide-fertilizer particles with 10 kg of cassava starch and 1 kg of ethyl cellulose, stirring in a high-pressure kettle for 50 minutes, taking out, granulating in a granulator, and drying to obtain core particles;
4) dissolving 8 kg of ethyl cellulose in 20 kg of ethanol to obtain an ethyl cellulose solution, and spraying the ethyl cellulose solution on the core particles by adopting a fluidized bed coating machine to obtain a coated core; wherein the air inlet temperature of the coating machine of the fluidized bed coating machine is 55 ℃, the pressure of compressed air is 0.4Pa, and the atomization pressure of a spray head is 0.2 Pa;
5) spraying the first emulsion on 15 kg of medical stone powder while stirring until the first emulsion is wet, drying, and spraying for multiple times until the first emulsion is sprayed to obtain the slow-release medical stone fertilizer; adding 45 kg of slow-release medical stone medical fertilizer, 10 kg of acetic ester starch and 1 kg of ethyl cellulose into an organic solvent under the stirring condition, and fully stirring under the water bath heating condition to form an outer-layer coating liquid;
6) spraying an outer layer coating liquid on the surface of the coated core for 3 times by adopting a fluidized bed coating machine to obtain the medicinal fertilizer; wherein, the air inlet temperature of the coating machine of the fluidized bed coating machine is 85 ℃, the pressure of compressed air is 0.5Pa, and the atomization pressure of a spray head is 0.4 Pa.
Example 6
A preparation method of a slow-release pesticide fertilizer containing imidacloprid and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl for rice comprises the following steps:
1) oxidizing primary hydroxyl on the sawdust into aldehyde group by using a laccase/TEMPO system to obtain oxidized sawdust, grafting aspartic acid onto the oxidized sawdust through Schiff base reaction, and drying to obtain modified sawdust;
2) dissolving 40 kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer in 100 kg of water, uniformly stirring, and filtering insoluble granular substances to obtain a fertilizer solution; adding 0.3 kg of imidacloprid, 0.02 kg of tetrachlorantraniliprole, 0.5 kg of mefenacet, 0.1 kg of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, 0.05 kg of dispersing agent, 0.05 kg of emulsifying agent and 70 kg of fertilizer solution into a sand mill, and shearing and sanding until the particle size of the material is less than 5 mu m to obtain a first emulsion; adding 0.3 kg of imidacloprid, 0.03 kg of tetrachlorantraniliprole, 0.05 kg of dispersing agent, 0.05 kg of emulsifying agent and 70 kg of fertilizer solution into a sand mill, and shearing and sanding until the particle size of the material is less than 5 mu m to obtain a second emulsion;
3) spraying a second emulsion on 16 kg of modified sawdust while stirring until the surface is wet, drying, spraying and drying for multiple times until the second emulsion is sprayed to obtain slow-release pesticide fertilizer particles, mixing 30 kg of the slow-release pesticide fertilizer particles with 5 kg of cassava starch and 0.5 kg of ethyl cellulose, stirring in a high-pressure kettle for 30-50 minutes, taking out, granulating in a granulator, and drying to obtain core particles;
4) dissolving 4 kg of ethyl cellulose in 20 kg of ethanol to obtain an ethyl cellulose solution, and spraying the ethyl cellulose solution on the core particles by adopting a fluidized bed coating machine to obtain a coated core; wherein the air inlet temperature of the coating machine of the fluidized bed coating machine is 55 ℃, the pressure of compressed air is 0.4Pa, and the atomization pressure of a spray head is 0.2 Pa;
5) spraying a first emulsion on 10 kg of medical stone powder while stirring until the surface is wet, drying, and spraying the first emulsion for multiple times until the first emulsion is sprayed to obtain the slow-release medical stone fertilizer; adding 35 kg of slow-release medical stone medical fertilizer, 5 kg of acetic ester starch and 0.5 kg of ethyl cellulose into an organic solvent under the stirring condition, and fully stirring under the water bath heating condition to form an outer-layer coating liquid;
6) spraying an outer layer coating liquid on the surface of the coated core for 2 times by adopting a fluidized bed coating machine to obtain the medicinal fertilizer; wherein the air inlet temperature of the coating machine of the fluidized bed coating machine is 85 ℃, the pressure of compressed air is 0.5Pa, and the atomization pressure of a spray head is 0.4 Pa; the outer layer of the fertilizer is also sprayed with a water-proof coating liquid, and the preparation method of the water-proof coating liquid comprises the following steps: suspending 1 kg of tourmaline powder with the particle size of 10nm in 15 kg of ethyl cellulose solution, performing ultrasonic action at 80kHz for 5 minutes, adding 0.5 kg of vitamin C, 1.5 kg of vitamin E and 3 kg of compound amino acid into the suspension, and performing ultrasonic action at 25kHz for 10-15 minutes to obtain the waterproof envelope solution.
And spraying a waterproof coating layer on the outer layer of the medical stone layer to promote the rooting action of the transplanted rice and prevent water in the environment from entering the medical stone layer, so that after the rice roots, the nutrients in the medical stone layer are released to the soil for the rice to utilize.
Test No.)
In the same rice field, 5 areas with the same area are selected, wherein,
and (3) area A: the fertilizer prepared in example 5 is broadcast applied in rice transplantation.
And a region B: the fertilizer prepared in example 6 is broadcast applied in rice transplantation.
And (3) area C: spraying a commercial herbicide and applying a common nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer in rice transplantation.
And (3) area D: spraying a commercial herbicide, applying a common nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and spraying a pesticide according to insect pest conditions during rice transplantation.
And in the area E, commercial herbicides and pesticides are not sprayed during rice transplanting, and common nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizers are applied.
The water and fertilizer management in each area is consistent according to the normal field management, the pesticide effect investigation is carried out 25 days and 45 days after the pesticide application, the results of weed simulation (%) are shown in table 1, the results of rice production measurement are shown in table 2, and the chilo suppressalis control effect is shown in table 3.
TABLE 1
The results in table 1 show that the herbicidal fertilizer of the present invention has a good control effect on grassy weeds, broadleaf weeds and sedge weeds.
TABLE 2
| Ear grain number (grain/ear) | Thousand Kernel weight (g) | Yield (kg/mu) | |
| Region A | 92.85 | 23.18 | 331.8 |
| Region B | 95.84 | 24.50 | 360.6 |
| Region D | 90.19 | 22.10 | 315.7 |
As can be seen from Table 2, the rice is transplanted without insecticidal treatment, and the high yield of the rice is maintained, so that the pesticide fertilizer prepared by the method has a good insect prevention effect.
TABLE 3
| Control effect (%) (10 days after drug administration) | Control effect after 45 days (%) | |
| Region A | 92.1 | 99.8 |
| Region B | 92.4 | 99.3 |
| Region D | 74.1 | 85.2 |
| Region E | - | - |
From the results in table 3, it can be seen that the pesticide fertilizer prepared by the invention has better insect prevention effect than the conventional pesticide for preventing and controlling chilo suppressalis.
Test No. two
The fertilizer prepared in example 7 was placed in distilled water, and the change of potassium ions in the water was detected in real time using a potassium ion sensor, and the results showed that the potassium ion concentration in the water gradually increased from day 3, the potassium ions tended to be stable from day 60 to day 62, and the potassium ion concentration gradually increased again after day 63. Therefore, the pesticide fertilizer prepared by the invention has a secondary release function.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not intended to be limited to the uses set forth in the specification and examples. It can be applied to all kinds of fields suitable for the present invention. Additional modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the specific details and embodiments shown and described herein, without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The slow-release pesticide fertilizer containing imidacloprid and pyrazosulfuron for rice is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0.6 to 1.2 percent of imidacloprid, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of tetrachlorantraniliprole, 1 to 3 percent of mefenacet, 0.2 to 0.4 percent of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, 40 to 50 percent of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 10 to 15 percent of medical stone powder, 15 to 20 percent of modified sawdust, 5 to 10 percent of ethyl cellulose, 5 to 10 percent of cassava starch, 5 to 10 percent of acetate starch, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of dispersant, 0.1 to 0.3 percent of emulsifier and 1 to 3 percent of water.
2. The slow release pesticide fertilizer containing imidacloprid and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl for rice as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the medical stone powder is 5-10 μm.
3. The preparation method of the slow-release pesticide-fertilizer containing imidacloprid and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl for rice according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) oxidizing primary hydroxyl on the sawdust into aldehyde group by using a laccase/TEMPO system to obtain oxidized sawdust, grafting aspartic acid onto the oxidized sawdust through Schiff base reaction, and drying to obtain modified sawdust;
2) dissolving 40-50 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer in 100 parts of water, uniformly stirring, and filtering insoluble particulate matters to obtain a fertilizer solution; adding 0.3-0.6 part of imidacloprid, 0.02-0.05 part of tetrachlorantraniliprole, 0.5-1.5 parts of mefenacet, 0.1-0.2 part of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, 0.05-0.1 part of dispersing agent, 0.05-0.15 part of emulsifying agent and 70-80 parts of fertilizer solution into a sand mill, and shearing and sanding until the particle size of the material is less than 5 mu m to obtain a first emulsion; adding 0.3-0.6 part of imidacloprid, 0.03-0.05 part of tetrachlorantraniliprole, 0.05-0.1 part of dispersant, 0.05-0.15 part of emulsifier and 70-80 parts of fertilizer solution into a sand mill, and shearing and sanding until the particle size of the material is less than 5 mu m to obtain a second emulsion;
3) spraying a second emulsion on the modified sawdust during stirring, drying to obtain slow-release pesticide-fertilizer particles, mixing 30-40 parts of the slow-release pesticide-fertilizer particles with 5-10 parts of cassava starch and 0.5-1 part of ethyl cellulose, placing the mixture in a high-pressure kettle, stirring for 30-50 minutes, taking out the mixture, placing the mixture in a granulator, granulating, and drying to obtain core particles;
4) dissolving 4-8 parts of ethyl cellulose in 20 parts of ethanol to obtain an ethyl cellulose solution, and spraying the ethyl cellulose solution on the core particles by adopting a fluidized bed coating machine to obtain a coated core;
5) spraying the first emulsion on 10-15 parts of medical stone powder while stirring, and drying to obtain the slow-release medical stone fertilizer; adding 35-45 parts of slow-release medical stone medical fertilizer, 5-10 parts of acetic ester starch and 0.5-1 part of ethyl cellulose into an organic solvent under the stirring condition, and fully stirring under the water bath heating condition to form an outer-layer coating liquid;
6) and spraying an outer layer coating liquid on the surface of the coated core by adopting a fluidized bed coating machine to obtain the medicinal fertilizer.
4. The preparation method of the slow-release pesticide-fertilizer containing imidacloprid and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl for rice as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step 4), the inlet air temperature of the coating machine of the fluidized bed coating machine is 55 ℃, the pressure of compressed air is 0.4Pa, and the atomization pressure of the spray head is 0.2 Pa; in the step 6), the inlet air temperature of the coating machine of the fluidized bed coating machine is 85 ℃, the pressure of compressed air is 0.5Pa, and the atomization pressure of a spray head is 0.4 Pa.
5. The slow-release pesticide fertilizer containing imidacloprid and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl for rice as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step 6), the outer coating liquid is sprayed on the surface of the inner coating core for 2-3 times.
6. The slow-release pesticide fertilizer containing imidacloprid and pyrazosulfuron-ethyl for rice as claimed in claim 3, wherein in step 6), a water-proof coating liquid is further sprayed on the outer layer of the pesticide fertilizer, and the preparation method of the water-proof coating liquid comprises the following steps: suspending 1-3 parts of tourmaline powder with the particle size of 5-10nm in 15-20 parts of ethyl cellulose solution, performing ultrasonic action at 80kHz for 5-10 minutes, adding 0.5-1 part of vitamin C, 1.5-2 parts of vitamin E and 3-5 parts of compound amino acid into the suspension, and performing ultrasonic action at 25kHz for 10-15 minutes to obtain the waterproof envelope liquid.
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