CN111807725A - Calcination process of dolomite sand - Google Patents
Calcination process of dolomite sand Download PDFInfo
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- CN111807725A CN111807725A CN202010647574.3A CN202010647574A CN111807725A CN 111807725 A CN111807725 A CN 111807725A CN 202010647574 A CN202010647574 A CN 202010647574A CN 111807725 A CN111807725 A CN 111807725A
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- dolomite
- rotary kiln
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2/00—Lime, magnesia or dolomite
- C04B2/10—Preheating, burning calcining or cooling
- C04B2/108—Treatment or selection of the fuel therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2/00—Lime, magnesia or dolomite
- C04B2/10—Preheating, burning calcining or cooling
- C04B2/104—Ingredients added before or during the burning process
Abstract
The invention discloses a calcination process of dolomite sand, which comprises the following steps: crushing a dolomite raw material into particles with the particle size of below 10mm, then feeding the particles into a homogenizing warehouse for homogenization, crushing an iron raw material into particles with the particle size of below 1mm, mixing the iron raw material particles and the homogenized dolomite particles according to the weight ratio of 1: 100-5: 100, feeding the mixture into a rotary kiln for calcination, adopting oxygen-enriched combustion for the rotary kiln calcination, grinding fuel, spraying the ground fuel into the rotary kiln, spraying high-concentration oxygen into the rotary kiln through a special oxygen spraying device, fully combusting the fuel under the oxygen-enriched combustion supporting condition, calcining the fuel into a dolomite sinter at the material sintering temperature of 1500-1700 ℃, and cooling to obtain the dolomite sand finished product. The calcined dolomite sand disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the sintering temperature of the dolomite sand is reduced by doping the iron raw material, the energy consumption in the preparation process of the dolomite sand is greatly reduced, the production cost of the dolomite sand is reduced, the economic benefit of dolomite refractory brick production enterprises is improved, and the market prospect is wide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dolomite sand production, in particular to a calcining process of dolomite sand.
Background
Dolomite is an important calcium and magnesium resource and has an extremely rich storage amount in China, and the main components of dolomite ore are calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate, which are important raw materials for producing metal magnesium and can also be used for producing chemical raw materials such as magnesium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide and the like. Meanwhile, dolomite is also one of important raw materials of the basic refractory material, is mainly used for a steelmaking converter lining, a cupola furnace lining, an open hearth and an electric furnace wall, and is also used for an external refining device, a cement kiln, a glass kiln and other thermal equipment.
The equipment for calcining dolomite is commonly used in a shaft kiln and a rotary kiln, the dolomite becomes a mixture of calcium oxide and magnesium oxide when the calcining temperature of the dolomite reaches 700 ℃ and 900 ℃, is called caustic dolomite, and can be used for producing chemical raw materials such as metal magnesium, magnesium carbonate and the like; when the calcining temperature of the dolomite is 1900 ℃ of 1500-.
The production process of the dolomite sand for manufacturing the dolomite refractory material mainly comprises the following steps:
A. sintering dolomite sand by one-step method, namely directly calcining dolomite ore at ultrahigh temperature.
B. Sintering dolomite sand by a two-step method, namely, firstly lightly burning dolomite, and pelletizing the dolomite into balls after hydration or grinding, and then putting the balls into a high-temperature kiln for secondary calcination.
C. The dolomite sand is prepared by an electric melting method.
The sintering temperature of dolomite is very high because the sintering products of dolomite, calcia and magnesia, are high melting point oxides and cannot be sintered into a dense structure at low temperatures. The sintering of the dolomite sand by adopting the one-step method requires the ultrahigh temperature calcination temperature of more than 1900 ℃, is limited by high heat value of high-temperature equipment and fuel, and is greatly influenced by application and popularization. The two-step method for sintering the dolomite sand is firstly lightly fired at the calcining temperature of about 900 ℃ to decompose the dolomite sand into calcium oxide and magnesium oxide, the specific surface area of the material is increased, the lattice defects are increased, the sintering is easy, but the material has a loose structure, contains a large number of air holes, is easy to agglomerate and block the sintering, the agglomeration can be effectively damaged by hydrating and grinding the lightly fired material, the sintering temperature of the dolomite sand can be reduced to 1600 plus one material of 1700 ℃, but the two-step process method is complex, needs more equipment and has higher energy consumption of the product. The electric melting method can prepare the dolomite sand with higher purity, but the common melting blocks of the bench furnace have uneven components and structures, so that the defective dolomite sand often appears, and meanwhile, the power consumption of each ton of the dolomite sand is more than 3000kWh, and the energy consumption of the product is huge.
Aiming at the defects of the dolomite sand production process, the invention provides the energy-saving calcining process of the dolomite sand, and the prepared dolomite sand is used as a raw material of a dolomite refractory material, so that the energy consumption of a product can be reduced, the quality of the product is improved, and the economic benefit of an enterprise is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a calcination process of dolomite sand for solving the problems in the prior art, and the method greatly shortens the sintering time and improves the product yield by optimizing the production process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a calcination process of dolomite sand, which comprises the following steps:
s1: crushing the dolomite raw material into particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 10mm through a crushing area, and crushing the iron raw material through the crushing area to obtain iron raw material particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 1 mm;
s2: homogenizing, namely feeding the crushed dolomite into a homogenizing silo for homogenizing to obtain dolomite particles with stable components;
s3: proportioning, namely metering and mixing the iron raw material particles and the dolomite particles to obtain a mixture;
s4: oxygen-enriched combustion, wherein fuel is ground into fine powder, the fine powder is sprayed into the rotary kiln through a burner at the head of the rotary kiln and undergoes a combustion reaction with oxygen-enriched air with the concentration of 70-90% at the head of the rotary kiln to obtain high-temperature gas at 1800-2000 ℃;
s5: calcining, namely feeding the mixture into the tail part of the rotary kiln, wherein the mixture moves to the head part of the rotary kiln along with the rotation of the rotary kiln; the mixture is calcined at the tail part and the middle part of the rotary kiln in a first stage through high-temperature gas, the temperature of the high-temperature gas for calcination is 500-1800 ℃, and the calcination time is 6.5-8 hours; the mixture is subjected to second-stage calcination at the head of the rotary kiln through high-temperature gas, the temperature of the high-temperature gas for calcination is 1800-2000 ℃, the calcination time is 1.5-2 hours, and the temperature of the mixture is raised to 1500-1700 ℃ to generate a sintering reaction, so that a dolomite sintering material is obtained;
s6: and cooling, wherein the dolomite sinter is cooled by a cooling device to obtain the dolomite sand.
The oxycombustion in step S4 is performed by injecting a part of the oxygen-enriched air (oxygen concentration 70 to 90%) together with another part of the original heated air, while injecting the fuel. Wherein the oxygen-enriched air helps the combustion to be faster and more complete. During production, fuel and oxygen are continuously sprayed into the rotary kiln, the combustion is continuously carried out for a plurality of months, the operation is continuously carried out for a plurality of months, and workers operate for three shifts.
The specific calcination process in step S5 is: the mixture enters the rotary kiln through the kiln tail of the rotary kiln, and because the rotary kiln is designed to have the inclination of 3.0-3.5%, the kiln tail is high, the kiln head is low, and the mixture can roll to the head of the rotary kiln along with the rotation of the rotary kiln and is discharged from the head to enter a cooling device. The length of the rotary kiln is 100-3If the dolomite clinker is qualified, the rotary speed of the rotary kiln can be adjusted to change the calcining time so as to obtain the qualified dolomite clinker if the dolomite clinker is not qualified.
Further, the crushing zone in step S1 adopts an open-circuit or closed-circuit circulation screening process and a combined crushing structure connected in series or in parallel for a plurality of crushing devices, or adopts a single crushing structure of a single-stage crushing and screening process.
Further, in the step S1, the ferrous material is selected from one or more of iron ore, iron powder, copper slag, sulfate slag or other materials containing ferric oxide.
Further, the qualified standard of the dolomite sinter obtained in the step S5 is that the density is more than or equal to 3.0g/cm 3.
Further, in the step S3, the iron raw material particles and the dolomite particles are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1: 100-5: 100.
Further, the fuel in step S4 is one or more of raw coal, coke powder, blue carbon powder, and peat.
Further, the fine powder in step S4 was sieved using a sieve having a pore size of 80 μm with a sieve residue of 8 to 12%.
In the building material industry, a sieve with the diameter of 200mm and the mesh diameter of 80 mu m is generally used for detecting the fineness of materials, and the fineness of the materials is controlled by taking the weight percentage of the materials left on the sieve surface in the total materials as an index, namely the screen allowance of the mesh sieve.
Further, the kiln head cover of the rotary kiln in the step S5 is provided with a colorimetric pyrometer and a high-temperature industrial television.
Further, the cooling device in step S6 is one of a grate cooler, a single-cylinder cooler, a vertical cooler, and a disc cooler.
Further, after the cooling device in the step S6 cools the dolomite sinter, all or part of the hot air output by the cooling device enters the rotary kiln to participate in the oxygen-enriched combustion in the step S4.
By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the dolomite sand calcining process has the advantages that the dolomite raw material is crushed into small particles and then is homogenized, so that the components of the dolomite raw material are relatively uniform and stable, the full calcining in a rotary kiln is facilitated, and the calcining thermal regulation is stable. A small amount of iron raw materials are added into the dolomite raw materials to play a role in catalytic sintering reaction, and the sintering temperature of dolomite is reduced, so that the burning heat consumption is reduced, compared with the prior art for preparing the dolomite sand finished product by an electric melting method, the power consumption per ton is reduced to 1.212 tons of standard coal, and the heat consumption per ton of the produced dolomite sand finished product is reduced to 0.371 tons of standard coal, so that the aim of saving energy is fulfilled. Meanwhile, oxygen-enriched combustion is carried out in the rotary kiln by utilizing high-concentration oxygen, so that fuel combustion is more sufficient, the flame temperature in the rotary kiln is increased, the requirements on the heat value and the grinding fineness of the fuel are lowered, the use range of the fuel is widened, the use amount of the fuel is reduced, and the power consumption of fuel grinding is reduced. Compared with the dolomite sand one-step ultra-high temperature sintering process and the electric melting method production process, the dolomite sand sintering method has the advantages of low heat consumption, uniform and stable product quality, simple process compared with a two-step sintering method, and convenient production and operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the calcination process of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
S1: crushing the dolomite raw material in a crushing area until the particle size is equal to 10mm, and crushing the iron raw material in the crushing area to obtain iron raw material particles with the particle size equal to 1 mm;
s2: homogenizing, namely feeding the crushed dolomite into a homogenizing silo for homogenizing to obtain dolomite particles with stable components;
s3: proportioning, namely mixing the iron raw material particles and the dolomite particle proportioning in a ratio of 1:100 by weight to obtain a mixture;
s4: oxygen-enriched combustion, namely grinding fuel into fine powder, spraying the fine powder into a rotary kiln through a burner at the head of the rotary kiln, and carrying out combustion reaction on the fine powder and oxygen-enriched air with the concentration of 90% at the head of the rotary kiln to obtain high-temperature gas at 2000 ℃;
s5: calcining, namely feeding the mixture into the tail part of the rotary kiln, wherein the mixture moves to the head part of the rotary kiln along with the rotation of the rotary kiln; the mixture is subjected to first-stage calcination at the tail part and the middle part of the rotary kiln through high-temperature gas, the calcination temperature is 500-1800 ℃, and the calcination time is 6 hours; the mixture is subjected to second-stage calcination at the head of the rotary kiln through high-temperature gas, the calcination temperature is 2000 ℃, and the calcination time is 1.5 hours, so that a dolomite sinter is obtained;
s6: and cooling, wherein the dolomite sinter is cooled by a cooling device to obtain the dolomite sand.
Through inspection, the density of the dolomite sinter obtained after sintering the mixture in the step S5 is 3.0g/cm3The product was qualified.
Example 2
S1: crushing the dolomite raw material in a crushing area until the particle size is 8mm, and crushing the iron raw material in a crushing area to obtain iron raw material particles with the particle size of 0.8 mm;
s2: homogenizing, namely feeding the crushed dolomite into a homogenizing silo for homogenizing to obtain dolomite particles with stable components;
s3: proportioning, namely mixing the iron raw material particles and the dolomite particle proportioning according to the weight ratio of 5:100 to obtain a mixture;
s4: oxygen-enriched combustion, namely grinding fuel into fine powder, spraying the fine powder into a rotary kiln through a burner at the head of the rotary kiln, and carrying out combustion reaction on the fine powder and oxygen-enriched air with the concentration of 80% at the head of the rotary kiln to obtain high-temperature gas at 1900 ℃;
s5: calcining, namely feeding the mixture into the tail part of the rotary kiln, wherein the mixture moves to the head part of the rotary kiln along with the rotation of the rotary kiln; the mixture is subjected to first-stage calcination at the tail part and the middle part of the rotary kiln through high-temperature gas, the calcination temperature is 500-1600 ℃, and the calcination time is 6.5 hours; the mixture is subjected to second-stage calcination at the head of the rotary kiln through high-temperature gas, the calcination temperature is 1800 ℃, and the calcination time is 2 hours, so that a dolomite sinter is obtained;
s6: and cooling, wherein the dolomite sinter is cooled by a cooling device to obtain the dolomite sand.
Through inspection, the density of the dolomite sinter obtained after sintering the mixture in the step S5 is 3.15g/cm3The product was qualified.
Example 3
S1: crushing the dolomite raw material in a crushing area until the particle size is 7mm, and crushing the iron raw material in a crushing area to obtain iron raw material particles with the particle size of 0.7 mm;
s2: homogenizing, namely feeding the crushed dolomite into a homogenizing silo for homogenizing to obtain dolomite particles with stable components;
s3: proportioning, namely mixing the iron raw material particles and the dolomite particle proportioning according to the weight ratio of 3:100 to obtain a mixture;
s4: oxygen-enriched combustion, namely grinding fuel into fine powder, spraying the fine powder into a rotary kiln through a burner at the head of the rotary kiln, and carrying out combustion reaction on the fine powder and oxygen-enriched air with the concentration of 75% at the head of the rotary kiln to obtain high-temperature gas at 1800 ℃;
s5: calcining, namely feeding the mixture into the tail part of the rotary kiln, wherein the mixture moves to the head part of the rotary kiln along with the rotation of the rotary kiln; the mixture is subjected to first-stage calcination at the tail part and the middle part of the rotary kiln through high-temperature gas, the calcination temperature is 500-1500 ℃, and the calcination time is 7 hours; the mixture is subjected to second-stage calcination at the head of the rotary kiln through high-temperature gas, the calcination temperature is 1800 ℃, and the calcination time is 2 hours, so that a dolomite sinter is obtained;
s6: and cooling, wherein the dolomite sinter is cooled by a cooling device to obtain the dolomite sand.
Through inspection, the density of the dolomite sinter obtained after sintering the mixture in the step S5 is 3.30g/cm3The product was qualified.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, but the embodiments are merely examples, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Any equivalent modifications and substitutions to those skilled in the art are also within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The calcination preparation process of dolomite sand is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: crushing the dolomite raw material into particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 10mm through a crushing area, and crushing the iron raw material through the crushing area to obtain iron raw material particles with the particle size of less than or equal to 1 mm;
s2: homogenizing, namely feeding the crushed dolomite into a homogenizing silo for homogenizing to obtain dolomite particles with stable components;
s3: proportioning, namely metering and mixing the iron raw material particles and the dolomite particles to obtain a mixture;
s4: oxygen-enriched combustion, wherein fuel is ground into fine powder, the fine powder is sprayed into the rotary kiln through a burner at the head of the rotary kiln and undergoes a combustion reaction with oxygen-enriched air with the concentration of 70-90% at the head of the rotary kiln to obtain high-temperature gas at 1800-2000 ℃;
s5: calcining, namely feeding the mixture into the tail part of the rotary kiln, wherein the mixture moves to the head part of the rotary kiln along with the rotation of the rotary kiln; the mixture is calcined at the tail part and the middle part of the rotary kiln in a first stage through high-temperature gas, the temperature of the high-temperature gas for calcination is 500-1800 ℃, and the calcination time is 6.5-8 hours; the mixture is subjected to second-stage calcination at the head of the rotary kiln through high-temperature gas, the temperature of the high-temperature gas for calcination is 1800-2000 ℃, the calcination time is 1.5-2 hours, and the temperature of the mixture is raised to 1500-1700 ℃ to generate a sintering reaction, so that a dolomite sintering material is obtained;
s6: and cooling, wherein the dolomite sinter is cooled by a cooling device to obtain the dolomite sand.
2. The process of claim 1, wherein the crushing zone is provided with a crushing device and a screening device in step S1, the crushing device is a combination of a plurality of crushing devices connected in series or in parallel, and the screening device is an open-circuit or closed-circuit circulating screening device; or the crushing area is provided with single-section crushing and screening equipment.
3. The process according to claim 1, wherein the ferrous material in step S1 is a material containing a ferric oxide component selected from one or more of iron ore, iron powder, copper slag and sulfuric acid slag.
4. The process according to claim 1, wherein the dolomite sinter obtained in step S5 has a density of 3.0g/cm or more3。
5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the weight ratio of the ferrous raw material particles to the dolomite particles in step S3 is 1:100 to 5: 100.
6. The process of claim 1, wherein the fuel in step S4 is one or more of raw coal, coke powder, blue carbon powder and peat.
7. The process according to claim 1, wherein the fine powder in step S4 is sieved using a sieve having a pore size of 80 μm with a sieve residue of 8-12%.
8. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotary kiln hood in step S5 is provided with a colorimetric pyrometer and a high temperature industrial tv.
9. The process of claim 1, wherein the cooling device in step S6 is one of a grate cooler, a single cylinder cooler, a vertical cooler, and a disc cooler.
10. The process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hot air output after the cooling device cools the dolomite sinter in step S6 is fed into the rotary kiln to participate in the oxygen-enriched combustion in step S4.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110872130A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2020-03-10 | 贵州芭田生态工程有限公司 | Calcined phosphorite beneficial to leaching and method for leaching calcium and magnesium ions |
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| CN101439980A (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2009-05-27 | 河南省伯马股份有限公司 | Preparation of compact alkaline magnesium-calcium synthetic material |
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2020
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| CN101439980A (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2009-05-27 | 河南省伯马股份有限公司 | Preparation of compact alkaline magnesium-calcium synthetic material |
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| CN110872130A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2020-03-10 | 贵州芭田生态工程有限公司 | Calcined phosphorite beneficial to leaching and method for leaching calcium and magnesium ions |
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