CN111797577A - Method and system for evaluating adaptability of typical remediation engineering of estuary and river network - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for evaluating the adaptability of typical renovation projects of estuary and river network, wherein an adaptability evaluation system of the renovation projects of an evaluation object is constructed based on an analytic hierarchy process according to the function of the evaluation object; determining the relative importance of each index in an adaptability evaluation system according to expert consultation and historical and current situation investigation, constructing a discrimination matrix, and calculating the weight occupied by each index; constructing a hydrodynamic mathematical model based on the actually measured section terrain, and performing replay on the river channel hydrodynamic condition of the evaluation object by means of a numerical simulation method to obtain a numerical simulation result; comparing and analyzing the numerical simulation result and the actually measured hydrological data, and scoring each index according to the change condition between the numerical simulation result and the actually measured hydrological data; and multiplying and summing the index scores and the corresponding weights to obtain an adaptability score of the renovation project, and judging whether the adaptability of the renovation project is good or not according to the change condition of the adaptability score. The method provides scientific basis and technical support for the design, implementation and post-evaluation of river regulation engineering.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, and particularly relates to a method and a system for evaluating the adaptability of a typical remediation project of a estuary and a river network.
Background
Rivers are the origin of human reproduction since ancient times, provide a foundation for human survival and development, and promote the development and progress of the human society. On the one hand, the development and evolution of rivers influence the development and the transition of the human society; on the other hand, people develop and utilize rivers in various ways to control the river situation, so that the rivers are developed towards the direction beneficial to the development of socioeconomic performance. Among them, the construction of spur dikes, sluice gates, reservoirs and other river regulation works is a common method for people to develop and utilize rivers. The river regulation projects play an extremely important role in the process of protecting beaches and overcoming flood for human beings, particularly after the flood of 1998, the state invests huge capital for river regulation, and the new climax of river regulation project construction is raised all over the country. For example, over 40000 reservoirs and 30000 water gates have been built in the Yangtze river basin of China; and in the Yangtze river basin, more than 9000 reservoirs and 1000 water gates are also built. Numerous river regulation projects can have profound influences on the river situation and the river function, so that the simple and efficient river regulation project implementation effect evaluation method has important significance on design, implementation and post-evaluation of the regulation projects.
The analytic hierarchy process is proposed by us operational research scientist sandan (t.l.saaty) in the 70 th 20 th century, and is a multi-target decision analysis method combining qualitative and quantitative analysis. The method is introduced into China in 1982, and is now the most popular effective method in decision (evaluation) tools. In order to solve the complex problem of river regulation effect evaluation, an analytic hierarchy process in a comprehensive evaluation method is introduced into Wuting Ting and Fangguhua and the like to select river flood control. Aiming at the characteristic that most evaluation indexes after the urban flood control project are qualitative indexes, introducing a triangular fuzzy number analytic hierarchy process into the urban flood control project evaluation, and obtaining a comprehensive evaluation result on the basis of representing judgment information of experts by adopting a triangular fuzzy number; the students of Zhao Shujie, Zhang Li, etc. analyze the influence factors of flood control safety evaluation, establish a flood control safety evaluation index system, establish a comprehensive evaluation model based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, apply the model to the example of Liaohe river basin, and carry out comprehensive evaluation on the flood control safety of Liaohe river basin. The result shows that the flood control safety of the Liaohe drainage basin is obviously improved after years of construction. The model is reasonable and practical in flood control safety evaluation, and has high reliability. Students talking about Guangming, Shucai and the like establish a benefit evaluation model by using an analytic hierarchy process according to the characteristics of wide benefit evaluation range, multiple levels and diversified evaluation indexes of the urban flood control project, determine the influence indexes and the weighted values of the urban flood control project benefits, and perform correlation operation by combining a grey interval correlation method, thereby providing a selection method of an optimal scheme. Aiming at the urban flood control projects of Wuhan cities along the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river, the grey chromatographic analysis method evaluation model is used for analyzing the relevance of the urban flood control projects relative to an ideal scheme, and then the flood control project benefits are analyzed and evaluated. The model calculation result shows that the flood control project of the city can give play to more remarkable comprehensive benefits. Although river regulation engineering construction has certain benefits in economic benefits and social benefits in a short term, with the development of economic society, the development of human beings on rivers has non-negligible influence on the evolution of river channels, and comprehensive benefit evaluation needs to be updated systematically.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the method and the system for evaluating the adaptability of the typical river mouth and river network renovation project are provided, and scientific basis and technical support are provided for the design, implementation and post-evaluation of the river channel renovation project.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method for evaluating the adaptability of a typical renovation project of a estuary and a river network is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing an adaptability evaluation system of the renovation project of the evaluation object based on an analytic hierarchy process according to the function of the evaluation object;
s2, determining the relative importance of each index in the adaptability assessment system according to expert consultation, history and status investigation, constructing a discrimination matrix according to the relative importance, and calculating the weight occupied by each index through the discrimination matrix;
s3, constructing a hydrodynamic mathematical model based on the actually measured section terrain, and rehearsing the river channel hydrodynamic condition of the evaluation object by means of a numerical simulation method to obtain a numerical simulation result;
s4, comparing and analyzing the numerical simulation result and the actually measured hydrological data, and scoring each index according to the change condition between the numerical simulation result and the actually measured hydrological data;
and S5, multiplying and summing the index scores and the corresponding weights to obtain an adaptability score of the renovation project, and judging whether the adaptability of the renovation project is good or not according to the change condition of the adaptability score.
According to the above method, the S2 specifically includes:
2.1, determining the relative importance of each index in an adaptability evaluation system according to expert consultation and historical and current situation investigation, and constructing a discrimination matrix of each index based on the relative importance;
and 2.2, carrying out consistency check on the judgment matrix, and calculating the weight of each index by using the judgment matrix passing the consistency check.
According to the method, the 2.2 specifically comprises the following steps:
respectively calculating the maximum eigenvalue and eigenvector of the discrimination matrix of each index by adopting a square root method, wherein the eigenvector is the weight of the index; and calculating the consistency index and the consistency proportion by using the maximum characteristic value of the matrix, and selecting a discrimination matrix corresponding to the consistency index in a preset range and the weight of each calculated index.
According to the method, the S3 specifically adopts a one-dimensional hydrodynamic mathematical model, and the control method is the Saint Vietnam equation.
According to the method, the S4 specifically comprises the following steps: and searching a preset corresponding relation table for each index in the actually measured hydrological data according to the range of the ratio of the indexes exceeding the numerical simulation result to obtain a corresponding score, thereby scoring each index.
A estuary and network typical renovation engineering adaptability evaluation system is characterized in that: the device comprises a data acquisition unit, a data input unit, a data processing unit and a memory; wherein,
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring measured data of the evaluation object; the data input unit is used for inputting data according to expert consultation, history and status investigation;
the memory stores data acquired by the data acquisition unit and input by the data input unit, and a computer program is used for the data processing unit to call so as to complete the method.
According to the system, the system also comprises a display module used for displaying the evaluation result.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the adaptability of the treatment project can be quantitatively evaluated, and decision making is facilitated; meanwhile, the influence of the boundary condition change on the renovation project is fully considered in quantitative evaluation, and evaluation is carried out by combining multiple indexes, so that the evaluation result is more objective and practical, and scientific basis and technical support are provided for the design, implementation and post-evaluation of the river renovation project.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic of the study area.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of an adaptability assessment system constructed for a specific remediation project (ganzhu stream floodgate).
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples and figures.
The invention provides a method for evaluating the adaptability of a typical renovation project of a estuary and a river network, which comprises the following steps as shown in figure 1:
and S1, constructing an adaptability evaluation system of the treatment project of the evaluation object based on the analytic hierarchy process according to the function of the evaluation object.
S2, determining the relative importance of each index in the adaptability assessment system according to expert consultation, history and status investigation, constructing a discrimination matrix according to the relative importance, and calculating the weight occupied by each index through the discrimination matrix.
The S2 specifically includes:
2.1, determining the relative importance of each index in the adaptability assessment system according to expert consultation, history and status investigation, and constructing a discrimination matrix of each index based on the relative importance.
2.1 specifically comprises: according to a specific treatment project, the functions of the engineering are analyzed, and all parameters which can best reflect the functions of the engineering are screened out to be used as evaluation indexes. Like the sluice gate, the sluice gate has the functions of flood control and moisture protection, and the flood level, the flood peak flow and the maximum three-day flood volume which can reflect the flood characteristics, and the tidal range and the tidal current boundary which can reflect the tidal current characteristics are selected as evaluation indexes; if the evaluation object is a spur dike, and the function of the evaluation object is mainly to adjust the water flow dynamic axis, the parameters of the flow speed and the flow direction closely related to the water flow dynamic axis can be selected as evaluation indexes. On the basis of consulting expert opinions and status quo investigation, the relative importance among all indexes of all layers in an adaptability assessment system is determined, and an index discrimination matrix of all layers is constructed on the basis of the relative importance.
And 2.2, carrying out consistency check on the judgment matrix, and calculating the weight of each index by using the judgment matrix passing the consistency check.
2.2 specifically includes: respectively calculating the maximum eigenvalue and eigenvector of the discrimination matrix of each index by adopting a square root method, wherein the eigenvector is the weight of the index; and calculating the consistency index and the consistency proportion by using the maximum characteristic value of the matrix, and selecting a discrimination matrix corresponding to the consistency index in a preset range and the weight of each calculated index.
Based on expert consultation, the knowledge of people on the relative importance of each index is reflected by judging the value of the matrix element (the specific value method is shown in the following table), and then the weight of each index of each layer is calculated according to the judgment matrix among each layer.
S3, constructing a hydrodynamic mathematical model based on the actually measured section terrain, and rehearsing the river channel hydrodynamic condition of the evaluation object by means of a numerical simulation method to obtain a numerical simulation result.
By means of a numerical simulation method, river channel hydrodynamic characteristics are inverted before river channel boundary conditions change and before renovation engineering is implemented, a one-dimensional hydrodynamic mathematical model is commonly used, and a control equation of the model is an Saint-Venn equation:
the continuous equation:
equation of motion:
wherein Q is flow, A is section area, t is time, and s is distance from a fixed section of the water channel along the flow path; h. v, Z0Respectively corresponding to the water depth, the section average flow velocity and the water bottom elevation of the water passing section at the position s; j. the design is a squarefEnergy ratio drop due to friction loss; g is the acceleration of gravity; t and s are independent variables; h and v are dependent variables; j. the design is a squarefCan be determined by s, h and v.
And S4, comparing and analyzing the numerical simulation result and the actually measured hydrological data, and scoring each index according to the change condition between the numerical simulation result and the actually measured hydrological data. Specifically, each index in the actually measured hydrological data is searched for a preset corresponding relation table according to the range of the ratio of the indexes corresponding to the numerical simulation result, and a corresponding score is obtained, so that each index is scored.
And S5, multiplying and summing the index scores and the corresponding weights to obtain an adaptability score of the renovation project, and judging whether the adaptability of the renovation project is good or not according to the change condition of the adaptability score. When the implementation effect of the remediation project is evaluated, the short-term benefit is not limited to be concerned, and the adaptability of the remediation project to the river channel evolution (such as the river channel terrain change) with a longer time scale is also considered.
The invention also provides a system for evaluating the adaptability of the typical treatment engineering of the estuary and the river network, which comprises a data acquisition unit, a data input unit, a data processing unit and a memory; the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring measured data of an evaluation object; the data input unit is used for inputting data according to expert consultation, history and status investigation; the memory stores data acquired by the data acquisition unit and input by the data input unit, and a computer program is used for the data processing unit to call so as to complete the method. The system can also comprise a display module for displaying the evaluation result.
The following describes in detail a specific embodiment of a typical remediation engineering adaptability assessment method for estuaries and river networks according to the present invention, taking a remediation engineering ganzhu stream sluice located in a water system ganzhu stream of a river network of a pearl river delta, with reference to the accompanying drawings and tables.
Step 1: determining an evaluation object (namely a Ganzhu creek sluice, the position of which is shown in the attached figure 2), and constructing an adaptability evaluation system of the renovation project based on an analytic hierarchy process according to the function of the evaluation object, which is shown in the attached figure 3.
Step 2: determining the weight of each index of each layer, comprising the following two steps:
step 2.1: according to expert consultation, history and status investigation, the relative importance of each index factor in an evaluation system is determined, and a discrimination matrix of each layer is constructed based on the relative importance, which is shown in an attached table 1.
In table 1, the physical significance of each parameter in the discrimination matrix is as follows:
step 2.2: the decision matrix is subjected to consistency check, and the weight of each index is calculated using the decision matrix that passes the consistency check.
And calculating the maximum eigenvalue and eigenvector of the judgment matrix by adopting a square root method, thereby determining the relative weight.
(1) Calculating the product M of each row of elements of the judgment matrixi
(2) Calculating MiRoot of cubic (n times)
(3) For vector
Normalizing to obtain wi
Obtain the characteristic vector W ═ W1,w2,...,wn)TI.e. the approximate value of the obtained eigenvector, and the relative weight of each index.
(4) Calculating the maximum eigenvalue of the judgment matrix
Wherein AWiIs the ith element of the vector AW.
(5) Performing consistency check
And calculating and judging the consistency index CI of the matrix deviation as follows:
the consistency ratio CR is:
CR＝CI/RI
wherein RI is an average random consistency index, and the values are shown in the attached Table 2.
When CR is less than 0.1, the hierarchical sequencing result is considered to have more satisfactory consistency and the analysis result is accepted; otherwise, the judgment matrix should be properly corrected. And through inspection, all the constructed judgment matrixes have satisfactory consistency, and the weight distribution is reasonable. The weights of the indexes calculated by the judgment matrix are shown in the attached table 3.
And 3, constructing a hydrodynamic mathematical model based on the actually measured section terrain in 1977, 1999 and 2008 of the river network of the Zhujiang Delta, and rehearsally demonstrating the hydrodynamic condition of the river.
And 4, comparing and analyzing the numerical simulation result and the actually measured hydrological data, and scoring each index according to the change condition of the numerical simulation result and the actually measured hydrological data.
The specific scoring criteria are as follows:
according to the flood frequency of one decade, based on 159 hours of data from 0 at 6 month and 4 days of 1998 to 14 at 6 month and 10 days of 1998, giving points according to the proportion of the total duration of hours when the water level and the flow rate are lower than the designed water level and flow rate; taking the maximum cumulative flow for 72 continuous hours as the maximum three-day flood volume, comparing the average volume with the design flow volume in hours, and deducting the points according to the proportion exceeding the design flow volume on the basis of 100 points of full points; the tidal range is divided on the basis of 50 points on the basis of 1.2m, the score is more than 50 points above 1.2m, the score is less than 50 points below 1.2m, and the specific score depends on the proportion of more than (less than) 1.2 m; and the tidal current boundary is deducted on the basis of 100 minutes of full score according to the proportion of the time of the reciprocating current passing through the section to the total time.
And 5, multiplying and summing the indexes by the weights of the indexes to obtain the adaptability score of the Ganzhu river sluice in each year (see attached table 4), and obtaining a conclusion that the Ganzhu river sluice is good in adaptability according to the change conditions of the adaptability score (46.68 minutes before gate building in 1977, 77.46 minutes after gate building, 37.02 minutes before gate building in 1999, 71.65 minutes after gate building, 48.72 minutes before gate building in 2008 and 74.08 minutes after gate building, wherein the score after gate building is obviously higher than the score before gate building and the score after gate building does not decrease greatly along with time).
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the design idea and features of the present invention, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement the present invention accordingly, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the principles and concepts disclosed herein are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
TABLE 1 discrimination matrix between layers
(a) (A-B) judgment matrix
(b)(B1-C) a decision matrix
(c)(B2-C) a decision matrix
(d)(B3-C) a decision matrix
(e)(B4-C) a decision matrix
(f)(C11-D) a decision matrix
(g)(C12-D) a decision matrix
(h)(C21-D)Judgment matrix
(i)(C22-D) a decision matrix
(j)(C31-D) a decision matrix
(k)(C32-D) a decision matrix
(l)(C41-D) a decision matrix
(m)(C42-D) a decision matrix
TABLE 2 average random consistency index RI value-taking Table
TABLE 3 index A-D combination weight table
TABLE 4 adaptability score of Ganzhuxi sluice in each year
Claims (7)
1. A method for evaluating the adaptability of a typical renovation project of a estuary and a river network is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing an adaptability evaluation system of the renovation project of the evaluation object based on an analytic hierarchy process according to the function of the evaluation object;
s2, determining the relative importance of each index in the adaptability assessment system according to expert consultation, history and status investigation, constructing a discrimination matrix according to the relative importance, and calculating the weight occupied by each index through the discrimination matrix;
s3, constructing a hydrodynamic mathematical model based on the actually measured section terrain, and rehearsing the river channel hydrodynamic condition of the evaluation object by means of a numerical simulation method to obtain a numerical simulation result;
s4, comparing and analyzing the numerical simulation result and the actually measured hydrological data, and scoring each index according to the change condition between the numerical simulation result and the actually measured hydrological data;
and S5, multiplying and summing the index scores and the corresponding weights to obtain an adaptability score of the renovation project, and judging whether the adaptability of the renovation project is good or not according to the change condition of the adaptability score.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the S2 specifically includes:
2.1, determining the relative importance of each index in an adaptability evaluation system according to expert consultation and historical and current situation investigation, and constructing a discrimination matrix of each index based on the relative importance;
and 2.2, carrying out consistency check on the judgment matrix, and calculating the weight of each index by using the judgment matrix passing the consistency check.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: the 2.2 specifically comprises the following steps:
respectively calculating the maximum eigenvalue and eigenvector of the discrimination matrix of each index by adopting a square root method, wherein the eigenvector is the weight of the index; and calculating the consistency index and the consistency proportion by using the maximum characteristic value of the matrix, and selecting a discrimination matrix corresponding to the consistency index in a preset range and the weight of each calculated index.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the S3 specifically adopts a one-dimensional hydrodynamic mathematical model, and the control method is the Saint-Venn equation.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the S4 specifically includes: and searching a preset corresponding relation table for each index in the actually measured hydrological data according to the range of the ratio of the indexes exceeding the numerical simulation result to obtain a corresponding score, thereby scoring each index.
6. A estuary and network typical renovation engineering adaptability evaluation system is characterized in that: the device comprises a data acquisition unit, a data input unit, a data processing unit and a memory; wherein,
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring measured data of the evaluation object; the data input unit is used for inputting data according to expert consultation, history and status investigation;
the memory is stored with data collected by the data collecting unit and input by the data input unit, and is provided with a computer program for the data processing unit to call so as to complete the method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein: the system also comprises a display module for displaying the evaluation result.
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