CN111796620A - Waveform generation circuit and method with variable reference voltage - Google Patents

Waveform generation circuit and method with variable reference voltage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111796620A
CN111796620A CN202010654803.4A CN202010654803A CN111796620A CN 111796620 A CN111796620 A CN 111796620A CN 202010654803 A CN202010654803 A CN 202010654803A CN 111796620 A CN111796620 A CN 111796620A
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China
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voltage
variable
circuit
waveform
digital
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刘振邦
牛利
包宇
王伟
马英明
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Guangdong Dingcheng Electronic Technology Co ltd
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Guangzhou University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
    • G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices

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Abstract

The invention discloses a waveform generation circuit with variable reference voltage and a method thereof, wherein the circuit comprises a voltage reference voltage stabilizing circuit N1, a variable voltage reference generation circuit N2, a waveform generation circuit N3 and a singlechip control circuit N4; the output end of the voltage reference stabilizing circuit N1 is connected with the reference voltage input end of the variable voltage reference generating circuit N2, the output end of the variable voltage reference generating circuit N2 is connected with the reference voltage input end of the waveform generating circuit N3, and the single chip microcomputer control circuit N4 is connected with the control signal end of the variable voltage reference generating circuit N2 and the control signal end of the waveform generating circuit N3. The variable voltage reference generation circuit N2 of the present invention can adjust the variable reference voltage V according to the amplitude of the waveform to be generatedREFYThe reference voltage of the digital-to-analog conversion unit U7 is made variable, so that whether a waveform with a larger amplitude or a waveform with a smaller amplitude is generated, the accuracy of the number of output points can be guaranteed to be maximized.

Description

Waveform generation circuit and method with variable reference voltage
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of voltage generation, in particular to a waveform generation circuit with variable reference voltage and a method thereof.
Background
In many analytical test instrument systems or electrical control systems, a continuous voltage is applied to the object under test. For example, in an electrochemical analysis instrument system, for different systems to be detected and detection methods, it is often necessary to apply various voltage waveforms such as triangular wave, sine wave, linear scan, step waveform, voltage step, arbitrary waveform, etc. to an electrode, the applied voltage amplitude is from several millivolts to several volts, and the period of the applied waveform is from microsecond to several thousand seconds.
Current arbitrary waveform generation methods are typically implemented using D/a converters, i.e., discrete digital quantities are converted to continuously varying analog quantities. In general applications, the reference voltage of the D/a converter is usually fixed, and a special voltage reference voltage regulator circuit provides the reference voltage, so that the minimum step size of the D/a converter is also fixed, and therefore, when a waveform with a small amplitude is generated in a waveform generation application with a wide voltage range, the number of output points is reduced, and the accuracy of the generated waveform is reduced. Fig. 1 shows a fixed reference voltage D/a waveform generating circuit. If multiple voltage stabilizing circuits are adopted to provide different voltage references, the circuit structure is complicated, the circuit size is increased, and the cost is increased. .
Therefore, there is a need in the industry to develop a waveform generating circuit or device with variable reference voltage, which has high precision and simple circuit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a waveform generation circuit and a method with variable reference voltage.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a variable reference voltage waveform generation circuit comprising: the voltage reference voltage stabilizing circuit N1, the variable voltage reference generating circuit N2, the waveform generating circuit N3 and the singlechip control circuit N4; the output end of the voltage reference stabilizing circuit N1 is connected with the reference voltage input end of the variable voltage reference generating circuit N2, the output end of the variable voltage reference generating circuit N2 is connected with the reference voltage input end of the waveform generating circuit N3, and the single chip microcomputer control circuit N4 is connected with the control signal end of the variable voltage reference generating circuit N2 and the control signal end of the waveform generating circuit N3.
Preferably, the voltage reference voltage stabilizing circuit N1 is a fixed output reference voltage source, the model of the fixed output reference voltage source is ADR01, the power input terminal VCC of the voltage reference voltage stabilizing circuit N1 is connected with an external power supply, and the output terminal V of the voltage reference voltage stabilizing circuit N1 is connected with an external power supplyREFThe output end V of the voltage reference stabilizing circuit N1 is connected with the reference voltage input end of the variable voltage reference generating circuit N2REFAnd also to ground through a capacitor C1.
Preferably, the external power supply comprises a 12V direct current power supply and a capacitor, and the 12V voltage output by the direct current power supply is filtered into 10V voltage by the capacitor and input into the power supply input terminal VCC of the voltage reference stabilizing circuit N1.
Preferably, the variable voltage reference generating circuit N2 includes a voltage buffer amplifier U2, a voltage buffer amplifier U3 and a digital-to-analog converter U4; feedback resistance end R of the digital-to-analog converter U4FBX is connected with the reverse input end of a voltage buffer amplifier U3 through a first resistor R1, the same-direction input end of the voltage buffer amplifier U3 is connected with the ground, the leakage current output end of the digital-to-analog converter U4 is connected with the reverse input end of the voltage buffer amplifier U2, the same-direction input end of the voltage buffer amplifier U2 is connected with the ground, the output end of the voltage buffer amplifier U2 is connected with the reverse input end of the voltage buffer amplifier U3 through a first resistor R1, and the reverse input end of the voltage buffer amplifier U3 is connected with the output end V of the voltage buffer amplifier U3 through a first resistor R2REFYAnd the main output slave input end MISO of the digital-to-analog converter U4, the synchronous clock end SCK, the chip select pin CS and the read data control signal end RS are connected with the singlechip control circuit N4.
Preferably, the model of the digital-to-analog converter U4 is AD5544, and the models of the voltage buffer amplifier U2 and the voltage buffer amplifier U3 are OPA 2227.
Preferably, the waveform generation circuit N3 includes a current-voltage conversion amplifier U5, a voltage buffer amplifier U6, and a digital-analog conversion unit U7;
output terminal V of voltage buffer amplifier U3REFYAnd four-quadrant resistor terminal R of digital-to-analog conversion unit U71Terminal R of bipolar bias resistorOFSThe same-direction input end of the voltage buffer amplifier U6 is connected to the ground, the reverse-direction input end of the voltage buffer amplifier U6 and the central tap end R of the digital-analog conversion unit U7COMConnected to the output V of the voltage buffer amplifier U6REFZAnd a reference input terminal R of a digital-to-analog conversion unit U7EFConnected to internal matching feedback resistor terminal R of digital-to-analog conversion unit U7FBAnd the output terminal V of the current-to-voltage conversion amplifier U5OUTConnected to the output I of the digital-to-analog conversion unit U7OUTThe current-voltage conversion amplifier U5 is connected with the same-direction input end of the current-voltage conversion amplifier U5, the write control digital input end WR and the read control input end RS of the digital-analog conversion unit U7 are connected with the single chip microcomputer control circuit N4; the singlechip control circuit N4 is also in data connection with the digital-analog conversion unit U7.
Preferably, the digital-analog conversion unit U7 adopts an AD5546 chip, and the current-voltage conversion amplifier U5 and the voltage buffer amplifier U6 are both of the type AD 8512.
Preferably, the singlechip control circuit U8 is STM32F 407.
A method of generating a waveform based on the variable reference voltage, comprising:
s1, the voltage reference voltage stabilizing circuit N1 outputs a fixed voltage signal VREF1To the D/A converter U4 of the variable voltage reference generating circuit N2, the voltage signal VREF1As a reference voltage of the variable voltage reference generation circuit N2;
s2, the singlechip control circuit N4 obtains the waveform amplitude value needed to be output by the waveform generation circuit N3 and outputs a control instruction to the digital-to-analog conversion unit U4
S3, the D/A converter U4 outputs corresponding current signals according to the control command, and the current signals are converted into voltage through the current-voltage conversion amplifier U2;
s4, the voltage output by the voltage conversion amplifier U2 generates a variable reference voltage V through the voltage buffer amplifier U3REFYAnd sent to the waveform generation circuit N3;
s5, the waveform generating circuit N3 generates the reference voltage V according to the variableREFYA corresponding waveform is generated.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
in the variable reference voltage waveform generation circuit, the voltage reference voltage stabilizing circuit N1 outputs a fixed voltage signal VREF1The reference voltage is supplied as a variable voltage reference generation circuit N2. The singlechip control circuit N4 controls the digital-to-analog converter U4 to convert the voltage signal V according to the waveform amplitude value required to be output by the waveform generating circuit N3REF1The voltage is converted into a current output through a current-voltage conversion amplifier U2, and then a variable reference voltage V is generated through a phase converter consisting of a voltage buffer amplifier U3REFYAnd supplied to the waveform generation circuit N3. In this way, the variable voltage reference generation circuit N2 can adjust the variable reference voltage V according to the amplitude of the waveform to be generatedREFYThe reference voltage of the high-speed and high-precision digital-to-analog conversion unit U7 in the waveform generation circuit is made to be variable, so that the precision of the output point number can be guaranteed to be maximized no matter a waveform with a larger amplitude or a waveform with a smaller amplitude is generated. Compared with a circuit with fixed reference voltage, the precision of the generated waveform is improved, and meanwhile, the volume of the circuit is not increased too much. Compared with the traditional method, the circuit has strong flexibility and can generate reference voltage with any size according to the requirement.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional fixed reference voltage D/A waveform generation circuit.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a reference voltage variable waveform generating circuit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Referring to fig. 2, the waveform generating circuit with variable reference voltage comprises a voltage reference voltage stabilizing circuit N1, a variable voltage reference generating circuit N2, a waveform generating circuit N3 and a singlechip control circuit N4; the voltage reference chip of the voltage reference voltage stabilizing circuit N1 is ADR01, a 12V direct-current power supply is adopted for power supply input, a capacitor is added for output to carry out filtering, and the output voltage is 10V. The digital-to-analog conversion device U4 of the variable voltage reference generation circuit N2 is AD5544, the current-voltage conversion amplifier U2 and the voltage buffer amplifier U3 are OPA2227, and the voltage output V of the voltage reference stabilizing circuit N1REF1V connected to D/A converter U4REFXPin for providing input reference voltage for U4, and current output pin I of U4OUT1The negative input end of the operational amplifier U2 is connected, the positive input end of the current-voltage conversion amplifier U2 is grounded, and the output end of U2 is connected with R of U4FBXOne end of a pin and one end of a resistor R3 are connected to convert the output current into voltage, the other end of a resistor R3 is connected with one end of R4 and the negative input end of U3, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected with the output V of U3REFYThe resistors R3 and R4 (R3 ═ R4 in general) and the voltage buffer amplifier U3 are connected to form an inverter, and the voltage of the voltage buffer amplifier U2 is reversely output to the waveform generation circuit N3, i.e., the output V of the waveform generation circuit U3REFYAnd the R1 pin and R of the digital-analog conversion unit U7OFSThe pins are connected, and the AD5546 forms a four-quadrant mode. The waveform generation circuit N3 has a digital-to-analog conversion device U7 (digital-to-analog conversion unit U7) AD5546, operational amplifiers U5 and U6 AD8512, and a digital-to-analog conversion unit U7RCOMThe pin is connected with the negative input end of an operational amplifier U6, the positive input end of the operational amplifier U6 is grounded, and the output end V of the operational amplifier U6REFZR with digital-to-analog conversion unit U7EFPin-connected, current output terminal I of digital-to-analog conversion unit U7OUTIs connected with the negative input end of the operational amplifier U5, the positive input end of the operational amplifier U5 is grounded, and the output end V of the operational amplifier U5OUTAnd digital-to-analog conversion sheetR of meta U7FBThe pin connection, current to voltage conversion amplifier U5 converts the current signal to the final desired voltage signal. The single chip microcomputer control circuit U8 is STM32F407, the single chip microcomputer control circuit U8 is connected with the digital-analog converter U4 through an SPI bus, and the single chip microcomputer control circuit U8 is connected with data and control pins of the digital-analog conversion unit U7 through a 16-bit data bus, WR, CS and other control signals. The output voltage of the unit of the variable voltage reference generation circuit N2 may be set by the SPI bus according to the magnitude of the reference voltage required by the waveform generation circuit N3. The voltage range output by the waveform generating circuit N3 is-VREF2To + VREF2。
The waveform generating method of the waveform generating circuit with variable reference voltage includes:
s1, the voltage reference voltage stabilizing circuit N1 outputs a fixed voltage signal VREF1To the D/A converter U4 of the variable voltage reference generating circuit N2, the voltage signal VREF1As a reference voltage of the variable voltage reference generation circuit N2;
s2, the singlechip control circuit N4 obtains the waveform amplitude value needed to be output by the waveform generation circuit N3 and outputs a control instruction to the digital-to-analog conversion unit U4
S3, the D/A converter U4 outputs corresponding current signals according to the control command, and the current signals are converted into voltage through the current-voltage conversion amplifier U2;
s4, the voltage output by the voltage conversion amplifier U2 generates a variable reference voltage V through the voltage buffer amplifier U3REFYAnd sent to the waveform generation circuit N3;
s5, the waveform generating circuit N3 generates the reference voltage V according to the variableREFYAnd correspondingly generating a waveform.
In the variable reference voltage waveform generation circuit, the voltage reference voltage stabilizing circuit N1 outputs a fixed voltage signal VREF1The reference voltage is supplied as a variable voltage reference generation circuit N2. The singlechip control circuit N4 obtains the waveform amplitude value required to be output by the waveform generating circuit N3 and outputs a control command to the digital-to-analog conversion unit U4, and the low-cost and low-speed digital-to-analog conversion unit U4 (digital-to-analog converter U4) transmits a voltage signal V according to the control commandREF1Dividing the voltage, generating a variable reference voltage V by a phase converter composed of a voltage buffer amplifier U3REFYAnd supplied to the waveform generation circuit N3. In this way, the variable voltage reference generation circuit N2 can adjust the variable reference voltage V according to the amplitude of the waveform to be generatedREFYThe reference voltage of the high-speed and high-precision digital-to-analog conversion unit U7 in the waveform generation circuit is made to be variable, so that the precision of the output point number can be guaranteed to be maximized no matter a waveform with a larger amplitude or a waveform with a smaller amplitude is generated. Compared with a circuit with fixed reference voltage, the precision of the generated waveform is improved, and meanwhile, the volume of the circuit is not increased too much. Compared with the traditional method, the circuit has strong flexibility and can generate reference voltage with any size according to the requirement.
The above-mentioned embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any other modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the technical spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A waveform generation circuit with variable reference voltage, comprising: the voltage reference voltage stabilizing circuit N1, the variable voltage reference generating circuit N2, the waveform generating circuit N3 and the singlechip control circuit N4; the output end of the voltage reference stabilizing circuit N1 is connected with the reference voltage input end of the variable voltage reference generating circuit N2, the output end of the variable voltage reference generating circuit N2 is connected with the reference voltage input end of the waveform generating circuit N3, and the single chip microcomputer control circuit N4 is connected with the control signal end of the variable voltage reference generating circuit N2 and the control signal end of the waveform generating circuit N3.
2. The variable-reference-voltage waveform generating circuit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the voltage-reference stabilizing circuit N1 is a fixed output reference voltage source, the fixed output reference voltage source is of type ADR01, a power input VCC of the voltage-reference stabilizing circuit N1 is connected to an external power supply, and an output V of the voltage-reference stabilizing circuit N1 is connected to the external power supplyREFAnd a variable voltageThe reference voltage input end of the reference generating circuit N2 is connected, and the output end V of the voltage reference voltage stabilizing circuit N1REFAnd also to ground through a capacitor C1.
3. The variable-reference-voltage waveform generating circuit as claimed in claim 2, wherein the external power supply comprises a 12V DC power supply and a capacitor, and the 12V voltage output by the DC power supply is filtered by the capacitor into a 10V voltage and input to the power supply input terminal VCC of the voltage reference stabilizing circuit N1.
4. The variable reference voltage waveform generation circuit of claim 2, wherein the variable voltage reference generation circuit N2 comprises a current-to-voltage conversion amplifier U2, a voltage buffer amplifier U3, and an analog-to-digital converter U4; feedback resistance end R of the analog-to-digital converter U4FBX is connected with the inverting input end of a voltage buffer amplifier U3 through a first resistor R1, the homodromous input end of the voltage buffer amplifier U3 is connected to the ground, the current output end of the digital-to-analog converter U4 is connected with the inverting input end of a current-to-voltage conversion amplifier U2, the homodromous input end of the current-to-voltage conversion amplifier U2 is connected to the ground, the output end of the current-to-voltage conversion amplifier U2 is connected with the inverting input end of a voltage buffer amplifier U3 through a first resistor R1, and the inverting input end of the voltage buffer amplifier U3 is connected with the output end V3 through a first resistor R2REFYAnd the main output slave input end MISO of the digital-to-analog converter U4, the synchronous clock end SCK, the chip select pin CS and the read data control signal end RS are connected with the singlechip control circuit N4.
5. The variable-reference-voltage waveform generating circuit as claimed in claim 4, wherein the digital-to-analog converter U4 is of type AD5544, and the current-to-voltage conversion amplifier U2 and the voltage buffer amplifier U3 are of type OPA 2227.
6. The variable-reference-voltage waveform generating circuit according to claim 4, wherein the waveform generating circuit N3 includes a current-to-voltage conversion amplifier U5, a voltage buffer amplifier U6 and a digital-to-analog conversion unit U7;
output terminal V of voltage buffer amplifier U3REFYAnd four-quadrant resistor terminal R of digital-to-analog conversion unit U71Terminal R of bipolar bias resistorOFSThe same-direction input end of the voltage buffer amplifier U6 is connected to the ground, the reverse-direction input end of the voltage buffer amplifier U6 and the central tap end R of the digital-analog conversion unit U7COMConnected to the output V of the voltage buffer amplifier U6REFZAnd a reference input terminal R of a digital-to-analog conversion unit U7EFConnected to internal matching feedback resistor terminal R of digital-to-analog conversion unit U7FBAnd the output terminal V of the current-to-voltage conversion amplifier U5OUTConnected to the output I of the digital-to-analog conversion unit U7OUTThe current-voltage conversion amplifier U5 is connected with the same-direction input end of the current-voltage conversion amplifier U5, the write control digital input end WR and the read control input end RS of the digital-analog conversion unit U7 are connected with the single chip microcomputer control circuit N4; the singlechip control circuit N4 is also in data connection with the digital-analog conversion unit U7.
7. The variable-reference-voltage waveform generating circuit of claim 6, wherein the digital-analog converting unit U7 is an AD5546 chip, and the current-voltage converting amplifier U5 and the voltage buffer amplifier U6 are both AD 8512.
8. The variable-reference-voltage waveform generating circuit according to claim 1, wherein the one-chip microcomputer control circuit U8 is STM32F 407.
9. A method of generating a reference voltage variable waveform according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising:
s1, the voltage reference voltage stabilizing circuit N1 outputs a fixed voltage signal VREF1To the D/A converter U4 of the variable voltage reference generating circuit N2, the voltage signal VREF1As a reference voltage of the variable voltage reference generation circuit N2;
s2, the singlechip control circuit N4 obtains the waveform amplitude value needed to be output by the waveform generation circuit N3 and outputs a control instruction to the digital-to-analog conversion unit U4
S3, the D/A converter U4 outputs corresponding current signals according to the control command, and the current signals are converted into voltage through the current-voltage conversion amplifier U2;
s4, the voltage output by the voltage conversion amplifier U2 generates a variable reference voltage V through the voltage buffer amplifier U3REFYAnd sent to the waveform generation circuit N3;
s5, the waveform generating circuit N3 generates the reference voltage V according to the variableREFYA corresponding waveform is generated.
CN202010654803.4A 2020-07-09 2020-07-09 Waveform generation circuit and method with variable reference voltage Pending CN111796620A (en)

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