CN111793852B - Waterproof breathable nanofiber material and processing technology thereof - Google Patents
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- CN111793852B CN111793852B CN202010554487.3A CN202010554487A CN111793852B CN 111793852 B CN111793852 B CN 111793852B CN 202010554487 A CN202010554487 A CN 202010554487A CN 111793852 B CN111793852 B CN 111793852B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/16—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one other macromolecular compound obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0015—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
- D01D5/003—Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material the material being a polymer solution or dispersion
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0069—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the spinning section, e.g. capillary tube, protrusion or pin
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0076—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the collecting device, e.g. drum, wheel, endless belt, plate or grid
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/0007—Electro-spinning
- D01D5/0061—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
- D01D5/0092—Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the electrical field, e.g. combined with a magnetic fields, using biased or alternating fields
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
- D01F11/02—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of cellulose, cellulose derivatives, or proteins
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
- D01F11/04—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/02—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from cellulose, cellulose derivatives, or proteins
Abstract
The invention discloses a waterproof breathable nanofiber material and a processing technology thereof, wherein the waterproof breathable nanofiber material comprises a blended material substrate and a hydrophobic coating coated on the surface of the blended material substrate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waterproof breathable nanofiber materials, and particularly belongs to a waterproof breathable nanofiber material and a processing technology thereof.
Background
The waterproof moisture-permeable membrane on the market at present mainly comprises a hydrophilic polyurethane (TPU) membrane and a biaxial stretching Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) hydrophobic microporous membrane. The TPU film is generally prepared by a melt extrusion process and has excellent waterproof performance, but the solid structure of the film material causes poor air permeability and low moisture permeability, and seriously limits the heat and humidity comfort of the material, while the PTFE film has excellent waterproof and moisture permeability, but has poor deformation recovery performance and is difficult to degrade after being discarded. Therefore, the two materials cannot meet the production requirements of the fabric, and the PTFE membrane has strong hydrophobic capability and is difficult to be compounded with other materials, so that polyurethane needs to be modified to improve the compounding capability of the PTFE membrane with other materials, and a nanofiber material which is good in air permeability and waterproof is developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a waterproof breathable nanofiber material and a processing technology thereof, overcomes the defects of the prior art, and improves the waterproof and breathable performance of the nanofiber material.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a waterproof breathable nanofiber material comprises a blended material matrix and a hydrophobic coating coated on the surface of the blended material matrix.
Wherein the blended material matrix is a mixed material of polyurethane and gelatin.
Wherein, the blended material matrix is internally provided with a nanometer air bag.
The process for preparing the waterproof breathable nanofiber material comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving polyurethane in a dimethylformamide solvent, adding a dissolving aid material, stirring and dissolving, adding a gelatin water solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain a homogeneous solution; then preparing the homogeneous solution into a nanofiber material through electrostatic spinning;
and S2, soaking the nanofiber material into the hydrophobic coating material, quickly taking out the nanofiber material to be flattened, applying air with different humidity to two sides of the nanofiber material, and heating and curing the nanofiber material to obtain the waterproof breathable nanofiber material.
Wherein the electrostatic spinning parameters are as follows: the voltage was 25kv, the advancing speed was 0.001mm/s using a stainless steel needle, the fibers were collected on grounded aluminum foil with a receiving distance of 15 cm.
Wherein, the difference of the humidity of the air on the two sides of the nanofiber material is not less than 40%.
Wherein the heating curing mode is to heat the air on the side with high air humidity, and the heating temperature is not more than 70 ℃.
Wherein the solubilizing material is a mixture of glycerol and hydroxylated modified sodium lignosulfonate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following implementation effects:
1. according to the invention, polyurethane and gelatin are mixed, so that the nanofiber material has better mechanical property, and meanwhile, the polyurethane fiber matrix contains the gelatin, so that the nanofiber material can be partially degraded;
2. according to the invention, glycerol and hydroxylated modified sodium lignosulfonate are used as a dissolving aid material, under the action of hydrogen bond coordination of sulfonic groups and alcoholic hydroxyl groups, amino groups in gelatin and hydroxyl groups in water form hydrogen bond coordination with the sulfonic groups and the alcoholic hydroxyl groups, and under the limiting action of steric hindrance of glycerol and lignin functional groups, a dimethylformamide solution of gelatin aqueous solution polyurethane forms a homogeneous solution, so that a new way is provided for mixing polyurethane and gelatin;
3. according to the invention, the nanofiber material forms a fiber network cross structure through an electrostatic spinning process, and meanwhile, a uniform hydrophobic coating structure is formed on the surface of the nanofiber material by adopting a humidity induction technology, so that the waterproof breathable nanofiber material has better waterproof and breathable performances;
4. according to the invention, the polystyrene microspheres form the nano air bag in the matrix of the nano fiber material, so that the elongation at break and the breaking strength of the waterproof breathable nano fiber material are obviously improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of the waterproof breathable nanofiber material of example 1;
fig. 2 is a contact angle test photograph of the waterproof breathable nanofiber material of example 1.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The polyurethane used in the invention is from high-union new material science and technology limited company in Dongguan city; gelatin is from Asahi gelatin Co., Ltd, Fucheng county; the hydrophobic coating material is from En chemical industry Co., Ltd, Anhui, and the polystyrene microsphere is from Dan (Tianjin) science and technology Co., Ltd.
Example 1
The process for preparing the waterproof breathable nanofiber material comprises the following steps:
firstly, 1.6kg of polyurethane with the molecular weight of 300000 is weighed and dissolved in 10kg of dimethylformamide solvent, then 0.05kg of glycerol and 0.3kg of hydroxylated modified sodium lignin sulfonate are added, after stirring and dissolving, 6kg of aqueous solution containing 0.8kg of gelatin with the molecular weight of 60000 and the Bloom value of 300 is added, and homogeneous solution is obtained; then the homogeneous solution is made into nano-fiber material by electrostatic spinning technology, the spinning voltage is 25kV, the stainless steel needle is used, the propelling speed is 0.001mm/s, the fiber is collected on the grounded aluminum foil, and the receiving distance is 15 cm. The degradation performance was tested according to the method in GB/T19811-2005, and the disintegration degree after one week was 17%.
Then, soaking the nanofiber material into the hydrophobic coating material, then quickly taking out and flattening, applying air with the humidity of 60% to one side of the nanofiber material, applying air with the humidity of 15% to the other side of the nanofiber material, heating the air with the humidity of 60%, heating to 60 ℃, and keeping for 30min to obtain the waterproof breathable nanofiber material with the thickness of 0.3 mm.
The microstructure was observed using an S-400 scanning electron microscope, the result of which is shown in FIG. 1, and then the hydrophobic property was measured using a contact angle tester, the result of which is shown in FIG. 2; the degradation performance was tested according to the method in GB/T19811-2005, and the disintegration degree after one week was 9%.
Example 2
The process for preparing the waterproof breathable nanofiber material comprises the following steps:
firstly, weighing 1.6kg of polyurethane with the molecular weight of 300000, dissolving the polyurethane in 10kg of dimethylformamide solvent, then adding 0.05kg of glycerol and 0.3kg of hydroxylated modified sodium lignosulfonate, stirring and dissolving, and then adding 6kg of aqueous solution containing 0.8kg of gelatin with the molecular weight of 60000 and the Bloom value of 300 and 0.3kg of polystyrene microspheres with the diameter of 200nm to obtain homogeneous solution; then preparing the homogeneous solution into a nanofiber material by an electrostatic spinning technology, wherein the spinning voltage is 25kV, a stainless steel needle is used, the propelling speed is 0.001mm/s, the fibers are collected on a grounded aluminum foil, the receiving distance is 15cm, the nanofiber material is placed into an acetone solution for ultrasonic cleaning for 2min, polystyrene microspheres are removed, the air-encapsulated nanofiber material is obtained, the degradation performance is tested according to the method in GB/T19811-2005, and the disintegration degree after one week is 21%.
Then, soaking the air-bagged nanofiber material into a hydrophobic coating material, quickly taking out and flattening, applying air with the humidity of 70% to one side of the nanofiber material, applying air with the humidity of 20% to the other side of the nanofiber material, heating the air with the humidity of 70%, keeping the temperature for 30min to obtain the waterproof breathable nanofiber material with the thickness of 0.3mm, testing the degradation performance according to the method in GB/T19811-2005, and obtaining the disintegration degree of 12% after one week.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that glycerol was added in an amount of 0.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that the amount of the sodium hydroxylated modified lignosulfonate added is 0.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the air humidity on both sides of the nanofiber material is 15%.
The waterproof breathable nanofiber materials of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 were tested for tensile properties according to the method of GB/T13022-1991 and for breathability according to the method of GB 1038-:
| fracture strength/MPa | Elongation at break/% | Film air permeability ml/cm 2 /min@3kpa | |
| Example 1 | 3.79 | 212.3 | 6035 |
| Example 2 | 3.92 | 236.2 | 5514 |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.85 | 86.2 | 5736 |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.97 | 93.0 | 5658 |
| Comparative example 3 | 3.84 | 220.4 | 1327 |
The above table shows that the invention improves the mixing degree of the gelatin and the polyurethane through the solubilizing material, so that the polyurethane and the gelatin in the nanofiber material are uniformly distributed, the mixed material formed by the two materials has excellent mechanical property, and the surface of the nanofiber material treated by the humidity induction technology forms a uniform super-hydrophobic material, so that the waterproof breathable nanofiber material processed by the invention has stronger waterproof capability.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. The waterproof breathable nanofiber material is characterized by comprising a blended material matrix and a hydrophobic coating coated on the surface of the blended material matrix; the blended material matrix is a mixed material of polyurethane and gelatin;
the process for preparing the waterproof breathable nanofiber material comprises the following steps:
s1, dissolving polyurethane in a dimethylformamide solvent, adding a dissolving assistant material, stirring to dissolve, adding a gelatin water solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain a homogeneous solution; then the homogeneous solution is subjected to electrostatic spinning to prepare a nanofiber material;
the molecular weight of the polyurethane is 300000; the molecular weight of the gelatin is 60000 and the Bloom value is 300;
s2, immersing the nanofiber material into the hydrophobic coating material, quickly taking out the nanofiber material to be flattened, applying air with different humidity on two sides of the nanofiber material, and heating and curing the nanofiber material to obtain the waterproof breathable nanofiber material;
the difference between the humidity of the air at the two sides of the nanofiber material is not less than 40%;
the heating and curing mode is to heat the air on one side with high air humidity, and the heating temperature is not more than 70 ℃;
the dissolving assistant material is a mixture of glycerol and hydroxylated modified sodium lignosulfonate.
2. The waterproof breathable nanofiber material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nanofiber material is characterized in that nanoairbags are arranged in the blended material matrix.
3. The waterproof breathable nanofiber material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the parameters of electrospinning are as follows: the voltage was 25kv, the advancing speed was 0.001mm/s using a stainless steel needle, and the fibers were collected on grounded aluminum foil with a receiving distance of 15 cm.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0397910A (en) * | 1989-09-07 | 1991-04-23 | Descente Ltd | Natural gelatin fiber |
| WO2012091636A2 (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2012-07-05 | Федеральное Государственное Бюджетное Образовательное Учреждение Высшего Профессионального Образования "Саратовский Государственный Университет Имени Н.Г. Чернышевского" | Biopolymer fibre, composition of a forming solution for producing same, method for preparing a forming solution, fabric for biomedical use, method for modifying same, biological dressing and method for treating wounds |
| KR102118977B1 (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2020-06-05 | 주식회사 나노플랜 | Manufacturing method of functional nanofiber fabric |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2292309A1 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2011-03-09 | Ahlstrom Corporation | Nanofibers with improved chemical and physical stability and web containing nanofibers |
| CN101643947B (en) * | 2009-09-10 | 2011-06-29 | 中国科学技术大学 | Multi-purpose gelatin fiber preparation method |
| CN105536579A (en) * | 2016-01-29 | 2016-05-04 | 天津工业大学 | Preparation method of asymmetric porous membrane based on electrostatic spinning technology |
| CN105821519B (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2017-11-24 | 四川大学 | A kind of multi-purpose gelatin fiber preparation method in-situ cross-linked based on Waterborne Blocked Polyurethane |
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2020
- 2020-06-17 CN CN202010554487.3A patent/CN111793852B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0397910A (en) * | 1989-09-07 | 1991-04-23 | Descente Ltd | Natural gelatin fiber |
| WO2012091636A2 (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2012-07-05 | Федеральное Государственное Бюджетное Образовательное Учреждение Высшего Профессионального Образования "Саратовский Государственный Университет Имени Н.Г. Чернышевского" | Biopolymer fibre, composition of a forming solution for producing same, method for preparing a forming solution, fabric for biomedical use, method for modifying same, biological dressing and method for treating wounds |
| KR102118977B1 (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2020-06-05 | 주식회사 나노플랜 | Manufacturing method of functional nanofiber fabric |
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