CN111786374A - Compensation method and system for stability of automobile power system - Google Patents
Compensation method and system for stability of automobile power system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111786374A CN111786374A CN202010430431.7A CN202010430431A CN111786374A CN 111786374 A CN111786374 A CN 111786374A CN 202010430431 A CN202010430431 A CN 202010430431A CN 111786374 A CN111786374 A CN 111786374A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/14—Balancing the load in a network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
- H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
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Abstract
The application discloses a method and a system for compensating the stability of an automobile power system, which relate to the technical field of automobile electronics, and the method comprises the following steps: acquiring operation parameters of the power system, and calculating a stable capacitance limit value of the power system according to the operation parameters, wherein the operation parameters comprise filter inductance, filter resistance, steady-state voltage at a load side and an ideal constant-power load grade; and acquiring a bus capacitance value of the power system, acquiring a virtual capacitance value to be compensated when the bus capacitance value is less than or equal to a capacitance limit value, and controlling a virtual capacitance compensator at the direct current side to perform corresponding compensation adjustment on bus current at the direct current side according to the virtual capacitance value until the current voltage at the direct current side is stable. According to the method and the device, the virtual capacitance compensator is used for correspondingly compensating and adjusting the bus current of the direct current side to simulate the real capacitance parallel connection characteristic, so that the introduction of energy can be realized, the stability of an automobile power system is improved, and the power system can stably run under load switching and disturbance.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of automotive electronics, in particular to a method and a system for compensating stability of an automotive power system.
Background
At present, with the rapid development of the automobile industry, automobiles are continuously promoted towards a more intelligent and more comfortable direction, so that the electrification load on the automobiles is also continuously increased. Among them, servo motor driving systems such as air conditioners and motor controllers usually exhibit a constant power load characteristic, which may reduce the stability of the power system.
In the related art, in order to ensure the stability of the power system, a method of improving parameters of the power system is generally adopted. For the system parameters that can be improved, there are generally dc bus filtering parameters and controller parameters. The filtering parameters on the direct current bus comprise a filtering capacitor, a filtering inductor and a filter impedance. The direct current bus capacitor becomes one of the improved primary parameters due to the characteristics of simplicity and directness, and the robustness of the system can be improved by increasing the capacitance value; conversely, decreasing the inductance of the filter may increase the stability of the system, however there is a lower limit to the inductance of the system, which has a limited range of stability regulation; increasing the filter impedance increases the losses of the circuit. And the adjustment of the control parameters usually sacrifices the dynamic characteristics of the system to ensure the stability of the system. Therefore, directly increasing the filter capacitance is the best way to ensure stability at present.
However, in practical engineering, increasing the capacitance value of the dc side means increasing the system volume and cost, which not only causes unreasonable and waste of energy utilization, but also fails to achieve continuous tracking adjustment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of one of the drawbacks in the prior art, an object of the present application is to provide a method and a system for compensating stability of an automotive power system to solve the problem of increasing the volume and cost of the power system caused by increasing the capacitance on the dc side.
The first aspect of the present application provides a method for compensating stability of an automotive power system, which includes the steps of:
acquiring operation parameters of an electric power system, and calculating a stable capacitance limit value of the electric power system according to the operation parameters, wherein the operation parameters comprise a filter inductor, a filter resistor, a stable voltage at a load side and an ideal constant power load grade;
and acquiring a bus capacitance value of the power system, acquiring a virtual capacitance value to be compensated when the bus capacitance value is less than or equal to the capacitance limit value, and controlling a virtual capacitance compensator at the direct current side to perform corresponding compensation adjustment on bus current at the direct current side according to the virtual capacitance value until the current voltage at the direct current side is stable.
In some embodiments, the obtaining the virtual capacitance value to be compensated specifically includes:
setting a compensation multiple, and acquiring the product of the capacitance limit value and the compensation multiple;
and taking the difference value between the product and the bus capacitance value as the virtual capacitance value to be compensated.
In some embodiments, the compensation factor is greater than 1 and less than the compensation threshold.
In some embodiments, controlling the virtual capacitance compensator at the dc side to perform corresponding compensation adjustment on the bus current at the dc side according to the virtual capacitance value specifically includes:
calculating the reactive power of the virtual capacitor according to the virtual capacitance value;
calculating the virtual capacitor current at the current moment according to the reactive power and the load side voltage at the current moment;
the virtual capacitance compensator injects the virtual capacitance current as an injected controllable current source into a bus current on a direct current side for compensation.
In some embodiments, further comprising: and when the current or the voltage on the direct current side is unstable, acquiring the virtual capacitance value to be compensated again, and performing corresponding compensation adjustment.
This application second aspect provides a compensation system of car electric power system stability, it includes:
the device comprises an acquisition device, a control device and a control device, wherein the acquisition device is used for acquiring operation parameters of the power system, and the operation parameters comprise a filter inductor, a filter resistor, a steady-state voltage at a load side and an ideal constant-power load grade; the method is also used for acquiring the bus capacitance value of the power system;
a virtual capacitance compensator for calculating a stable capacitance limit value of the power system based on the operating parameter; when the bus capacitance value is smaller than or equal to the capacitance limit value, calculating a virtual capacitance value to be compensated;
and the virtual capacitance compensator is also used for carrying out corresponding compensation adjustment on the bus current at the direct current side according to the virtual capacitance value until the current voltage at the direct current side is stable.
In some embodiments, the virtual capacitance compensator is further configured to determine whether the bus capacitance value is greater than the capacitance limit value.
In some embodiments, the virtual capacitance compensator is further configured to set a compensation multiple, obtain a product of the capacitance limit value and the compensation multiple, and use a difference between the product and the bus capacitance value as the virtual capacitance value.
In some embodiments, further comprising:
the detection equipment is used for detecting and collecting the current and the voltage on the load side;
the virtual capacitance compensator is used for calculating the reactive power of a virtual capacitor according to the virtual capacitance value, calculating the virtual capacitance current at the current moment according to the reactive power and the load side voltage at the current moment, and injecting the virtual capacitance current into the bus current at the direct current side as an injected controllable current source for compensation.
In some embodiments, the detection device is further configured to detect whether the load-side current and voltage are stable;
the virtual capacitance compensator is further configured to obtain a virtual capacitance value to be compensated again when the current or voltage on the dc side is unstable, and perform corresponding compensation adjustment.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes:
according to the method and the system for compensating the stability of the automobile power system, when the bus capacitance value is smaller than or equal to the capacitance limit value, the virtual capacitance value to be compensated is obtained, the virtual capacitance compensator on the direct current side is controlled to perform corresponding compensation adjustment according to the virtual capacitance value until the current voltage on the direct current side is stable, and the virtual capacitance does not need to occupy extra volume and weight, so that the virtual capacitance compensator performs corresponding compensation adjustment on the bus current on the direct current side to simulate the parallel connection characteristic of real capacitance, the introduction of energy can be realized, the improvement of the stability of the automobile power system by increasing the virtual capacitance value is realized, and the power system can stably run under load switching and disturbance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a first flowchart of a method for compensating stability of an automotive power system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is an equivalent schematic diagram of an electrical power system in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control of a virtual capacitor according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a second flowchart of a method for compensating stability of an automotive power system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for compensating stability of an automotive power system, which includes the steps of:
s1, obtaining operation parameters of an electric power system, and calculating a stable capacitance limit value of the electric power system according to the operation parameters, wherein the operation parameters comprise a filter inductor, a filter resistor, a stable voltage at a load side and an ideal constant power load grade.
And S2, acquiring the bus capacitance value of the power system. When the bus capacitance value is larger than the capacitance limit value, bus capacitance compensation is not needed; and when the bus capacitance value is smaller than or equal to the capacitance limit value, acquiring a virtual capacitance value to be compensated, and controlling a virtual capacitance compensator at the direct current side to perform corresponding compensation adjustment on the bus current at the direct current side according to the virtual capacitance value so as to realize the effect of compensating the same bus capacitance value at the direct current side until the current voltage at the direct current side is stable.
If the direct current side current voltage is detected to be stable, the capacitance of the power system is judged to be sufficient to keep the system stable, and if the direct current side current voltage is detected to be unstable, the total capacitance of the power system is not sufficient to enable the system to be stable, and corresponding compensation adjustment needs to be carried out again.
According to the compensation method, when the bus capacitance value is smaller than or equal to the stable capacitance limit value of the power system, the virtual capacitance value to be compensated is obtained, the virtual capacitance compensator on the direct current side is controlled to perform corresponding compensation adjustment according to the virtual capacitance value until the current voltage on the direct current side is stable, and the virtual capacitance does not need to occupy extra volume and weight, so that the corresponding compensation adjustment is performed on the bus current on the direct current side through the virtual capacitance compensator to simulate the parallel connection characteristic of real capacitors, that is, the introduction of energy can be realized, the improvement of the stability of the automobile power system through the increase of the virtual capacitance value is realized, and the power system can stably run under load switching and disturbance.
Referring to fig. 2, the power system of the present embodiment includes a power supply, a filter circuit, a load circuit, and a virtual capacitor. The filter circuit comprises a filter impedance, a filter inductor and a filter capacitor which are connected in series, wherein the input of the filter impedance is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the output of the filter capacitor is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply; the load circuit is respectively connected with the virtual capacitor and the filter capacitor in parallel, the worst condition is considered by the load circuit, and the load circuit is regarded as a constant power load influencing the stability.
When the real filter capacitance of the power system is enough to ensure the stability of the power system, that is, the virtual capacitance compensator controlling the virtual capacitance does not need to inject a virtual capacitance value, and at this time, the model of the power system can be expressed as:
wherein v issRepresenting an ideal constant voltage source voltage; v. ofdcRepresents a load-side voltage; i.e. idcRepresents the load-side current; pCPLRepresenting an ideal constant power load rating (measurable directly by a multimeter)；LfRepresenting a filter inductance; cfRepresents a filter capacitance; rfRepresenting the filter resistance.
And carrying out small signal linearization processing on the model to obtain the following expression:
wherein v isdc0For a power system load side steady state voltage,
is the differential of the current on the load side,
is the differential of the load-side voltage, Δ vdcIs the voltage difference, Δ i, per unit timedcIs the current difference per unit time.
Further, the state space matrix of the power system can be written as:
as known by modern control theory, the stability of a linear system is determined by the characteristic root of the state space matrix of the system, and the system is gradually stable when the characteristic root is in the negative half plane of the s plane. Therefore, the conditions that the system characteristic root stability should meet are obtained as follows:
therefore, for the stability of the power system, the bus capacitance value, i.e. the filter capacitance CfIt should satisfy:
wherein,
a stable capacity limit for the power system.
Referring to fig. 3, if the real filter capacitance is less than or equal to the capacitance limit value, it indicates that the stability of the power system is insufficient, and a virtual capacitance needs to be added to the power system to compensate.
Further, in step S2, the obtaining the virtual capacitance value to be compensated specifically includes:
firstly, setting a compensation multiple, and acquiring the product of the capacitance limiting value and the compensation multiple.
Then, the difference between the product and the bus capacitance value is used as the virtual capacitance value Cv.
Preferably, the compensation multiple is greater than 1 and less than the compensation threshold. Wherein the compensation threshold may be set as: the value corresponding to the response speed of the automobile power system is not sacrificed significantly.
In this embodiment, the compensation multiple is 110%. I.e. the virtual capacitance value CvComprises the following steps:
further, in step S2, the controlling the virtual capacitor compensator on the dc side to perform corresponding compensation adjustment to the bus current on the dc side according to the virtual capacitor value specifically includes:
firstly, according to the above-mentioned virtual capacitance value calculating reactive power P of virtual capacitorv。
Then, according to the above reactive power PvAnd the load side voltage v at the present time tdc(t) calculating a virtual capacitance current i at the current time tv(t)。
And finally, the virtual capacitor compensator takes the virtual capacitor current as an injected controllable current source, and injects the virtual capacitor current into the bus current at the direct current side for compensation so as to realize the effect of compensating the same capacitance value of the bus at the direct current side.
In this embodiment, reactive power P is injected into the power system in the form of injecting virtual capacitor currentvTo simulate real parallel electricityCapacity, reactive power PvComprises the following steps:
in this embodiment, the load voltage needs to be differentiated, which amplifies high-frequency noise and distorts the output voltage, thereby reducing the stability margin of the system. Therefore, the voltage link of the virtual capacitance compensator is subjected to low-pass filtering; the current differential element will be regarded as a high-pass filter for approximation and its cut-off frequency omegacShould be greater than the resonant frequency of the dc bus side LC filter. The two are multiplied by a multiplier to obtain the reactive power P of the virtual capacitorvAnd injecting the current into the direct current bus side of the system in the form of a controlled current source.
The compensation method of the embodiment detects whether the filter capacitor meets the stability criterion in real time, controls and compensates the injected reactive power, avoids unreasonable unnecessary energy utilization, and improves the stability of the power system.
Further, the compensation method of the embodiment further includes: when the current or the voltage on the direct current side is unstable, it indicates that the total capacitance value of the power system is not enough to stabilize the system, and the virtual capacitance value to be compensated needs to be obtained again to perform corresponding compensation adjustment. In this embodiment, when one of the current and the voltage on the dc side is unstable, the other is inevitably unstable.
Referring to fig. 4, the compensation method of the present embodiment specifically includes:
A1. acquiring operation parameters of an electric power system, and calculating a stable capacitance limit value of the electric power system according to the operation parameters;
A2. judging whether the capacitance value of the bus is greater than the limit value of the capacitance, if so, ending, otherwise, turning to A3;
A3. acquiring a virtual capacitance value to be compensated, and controlling a virtual capacitance compensator to perform corresponding compensation adjustment on the bus current at the direct current side according to the virtual capacitance value;
A4. detecting the current voltage of a direct current side;
A5. and judging whether the direct current side current voltage is stable, if so, ending, and otherwise, turning to A3.
The embodiment of the application further provides a compensation system for the stability of the automobile power system, which comprises the acquisition equipment and the virtual capacitance compensator.
The acquisition equipment is used for acquiring the operating parameters of the power system, wherein the operating parameters comprise a filter inductor, a filter resistor, the steady-state voltage of a load side and the ideal constant-power load grade; the method is also used for acquiring the bus capacitance value of the power system.
In this embodiment, a specific multimeter can be selected for the acquisition device, and the filter inductance, the filter resistance, the filter capacitance and the ideal constant power are collected by the specific multimeter and transmitted to the virtual capacitance compensator.
In other embodiments, the filter inductance, the filter resistance, and the filter capacitance may be obtained directly by reading, as the intrinsic parameters of the filter system.
The virtual capacitance compensator is used for calculating a stable capacitance limit value of the power system according to the operation parameters; and calculating a virtual capacitance value to be compensated when the bus capacitance value is less than or equal to the capacitance limit value.
The virtual capacitance compensator is also used for carrying out corresponding compensation adjustment on the bus current at the direct current side according to the virtual capacitance value to be compensated until the current voltage at the direct current side is stable.
In this embodiment, the virtual capacitance compensator is further configured to determine whether the bus capacitance value is greater than the capacitance limit value.
If the bus capacitance value is larger than the capacitance limit value, the virtual capacitance does not need to be added to the power system; if the bus capacitance value is equal to the capacitance limit value, the power system is in a critical stable state, and a proper amount of virtual capacitance needs to be added to the power system; if the bus capacitance value is smaller than the capacitance limit value, it indicates that the power system is in an unstable state, and a dummy capacitance larger than a threshold value needs to be injected.
Furthermore, the virtual capacitance compensator is further configured to set a compensation multiple, obtain a product of the capacitance limit value and the compensation multiple, and use a difference between the product and the bus capacitance value as a virtual capacitance value to be compensated.
Because the dynamic characteristic of the power system is sacrificed by adding the overlarge virtual capacitor, and the response speed of the power system is influenced, the sum of the injected virtual capacitor and the real capacitor does not exceed the product of the capacitance limit value and the compensation multiple. Preferably, the compensation multiple of the present embodiment is 110%.
Further, the compensation system of the present embodiment further includes a detection device, and the detection device is configured to detect the load-side current and voltage in real time.
The virtual capacitance compensator is used for calculating the reactive power of a virtual capacitor according to the virtual capacitance value, calculating the virtual capacitance current at the current moment according to the reactive power and the load side voltage at the current moment, and injecting the virtual capacitance current into the bus current at the direct current side for compensation by using the virtual capacitance current as an injected controllable current source.
Further, the detection device is also used for detecting whether the current and the voltage on the load side are stable.
The virtual capacitance compensator is further configured to obtain a virtual capacitance value to be compensated again when the current or voltage on the dc side is unstable, and perform corresponding compensation adjustment.
The compensation system of the embodiment is applicable to the compensation methods, has high compensation speed and wide adjustment range, does not affect the power system, can adjust the capacitance value of the bus at the direct current side of the power system by injecting a proper amount of virtual capacitance current into the power grid at the direct current side, and can better solve the problem of power system oscillation caused by frequent load shedding and loading of automobile electric control equipment by detecting whether the current and the voltage at the direct current side are stable or not.
The present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present application, and such modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method for compensating the stability of an automobile power system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring operation parameters of an electric power system, and calculating a stable capacitance limit value of the electric power system according to the operation parameters, wherein the operation parameters comprise a filter inductor, a filter resistor, a steady-state voltage at a load side and an ideal constant power load grade;
and acquiring a bus capacitance value of the power system, acquiring a virtual capacitance value to be compensated when the bus capacitance value is less than or equal to the capacitance limit value, and controlling a virtual capacitance compensator at the direct current side to perform corresponding compensation adjustment on bus current at the direct current side according to the virtual capacitance value until the current voltage at the direct current side is stable.
2. The method for compensating for stability of an automotive electrical system according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the virtual capacitance value to be compensated specifically includes:
setting a compensation multiple, and acquiring the product of the capacitance limit value and the compensation multiple;
and taking the difference value of the product and the bus capacitance value as the virtual capacitance value to be compensated.
3. The method for compensating for the stability of an automotive electrical system of claim 2, characterized in that: the compensation multiple is greater than 1 and less than a compensation threshold.
4. The method for compensating for stability of an automotive electrical system according to claim 1, wherein controlling the virtual capacitance compensator on the dc side to perform corresponding compensation adjustment to the bus current on the dc side according to the virtual capacitance value specifically comprises:
calculating the reactive power of the virtual capacitor according to the virtual capacitance value;
calculating the virtual capacitor current at the current moment according to the reactive power and the load side voltage at the current moment;
and the virtual capacitance compensator takes the virtual capacitance current as an injected controllable current source and injects the virtual capacitance current into the bus current at the direct current side for compensation.
5. The method for compensating for the stability of an automotive electrical system of claim 2, further comprising: and when the current or the voltage on the direct current side is unstable, acquiring the virtual capacitance value to be compensated again, and performing corresponding compensation adjustment.
6. A system for compensating for stability of an automotive electrical system, comprising:
the device comprises an acquisition device, a control device and a control device, wherein the acquisition device is used for acquiring operation parameters of the power system, and the operation parameters comprise filter inductance, filter resistance, steady-state voltage at a load side and ideal constant-power load grade; the method is also used for acquiring the bus capacitance value of the power system;
a virtual capacitance compensator for calculating a stable capacitance limit value of the power system from the operating parameter; when the bus capacitance value is smaller than or equal to the capacitance limit value, calculating a virtual capacitance value to be compensated;
and the virtual capacitance compensator is also used for carrying out corresponding compensation adjustment on the bus current at the direct current side according to the virtual capacitance value until the current voltage at the direct current side is stable.
7. The system for compensating for vehicle power system stability of claim 6, wherein: the virtual capacitance compensator is further configured to determine whether the bus capacitance value is greater than the capacitance limit value.
8. The system for compensating for vehicle power system stability of claim 6, wherein: the virtual capacitance compensator is also used for setting a compensation multiple, acquiring the product of the capacitance limit value and the compensation multiple, and taking the difference value of the product and the bus capacitance value as the virtual capacitance value.
9. The system for compensating for vehicle power system stability of claim 6, further comprising:
the detection equipment is used for detecting and collecting the current and the voltage on the load side;
the virtual capacitor compensator is used for calculating the reactive power of a virtual capacitor according to the virtual capacitance value, calculating the virtual capacitor current at the current moment according to the reactive power and the load side voltage at the current moment, and injecting the virtual capacitor current into the bus current at the direct current side for compensation by taking the virtual capacitor current as an injected controllable current source.
10. The system for compensating for vehicle power system stability of claim 9, wherein:
the detection equipment is also used for detecting whether the current and the voltage on the load side are stable or not;
and the virtual capacitance compensator is also used for acquiring the virtual capacitance value to be compensated again when the current or the voltage on the direct current side is unstable, and performing corresponding compensation adjustment.
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Application publication date: 20201016 |