CN111785461B - High-reliability optical fiber composite insulator and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-reliability optical fiber composite insulator and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111785461B CN111785461B CN202010584366.3A CN202010584366A CN111785461B CN 111785461 B CN111785461 B CN 111785461B CN 202010584366 A CN202010584366 A CN 202010584366A CN 111785461 B CN111785461 B CN 111785461B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
- H01B17/38—Fittings, e.g. caps; Fastenings therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B19/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing insulators or insulating bodies
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-reliability optical fiber composite insulator which comprises a core rod, a framework, a first heat insulation layer, an umbrella skirt and hardware fittings, wherein the core rod comprises an optical fiber solidified body, a second heat insulation layer and a core rod body layer, the optical fiber solidified body is an epoxy resin rod, at least two optical fibers which are axially arranged and are mutually spaced are arranged in the epoxy resin rod, the second heat insulation layer is coated and solidified outside the optical fiber solidified body, the core rod body layer is coated and solidified outside the second heat insulation layer, the framework is a plurality of epoxy resin rings which are solidified on the peripheral surface of the core rod and are axially spaced, the first heat insulation layer is coated and solidified outside the framework and is filled and connected with adjacent epoxy resin rings, the umbrella skirt is coated and solidified outside the first heat insulation layer and forms umbrella covers at the positions of the epoxy resin rings, the first heat insulation layer is made of glass fibers, and the second heat insulation layer is made of glass fibers and silicate by mixing. The invention also discloses a preparation method for sequentially curing from inside to outside. The invention solves the problem that the service life of the insulator is influenced by the failure caused by the fact that the optical fiber inside the insulator is subjected to the action of external high temperature and traction force.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an insulator and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a high-reliability optical fiber composite insulator and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The composite insulator is a special insulating control and can play an important role in an overhead transmission line. The insulator plays two basic roles in overhead transmission lines, namely supporting the conductor and preventing current from flowing back to ground, which must be ensured that the insulator should not fail due to various stresses caused by changes in environmental and electrical load conditions, otherwise the service and operating life of the whole line would be impaired. And the composite insulator is combined with the optical fiber, so that monitoring, information acquisition and transmission under high voltage can be realized, and the safe operation and the timely maintenance of the power transmission and transformation line are facilitated.
In the optical fiber composite insulator in the prior art, an optical fiber is arranged inside a core rod. The concrete structure of its plug includes hollow plug body and optic fibre, and optic fibre setting adopts epoxy to fill behind the middle part of plug, and the optic fibre of this kind of structure and insulator well core body's combination is not good, the separation that drops appears easily, and the gas tightness is not good simultaneously. Under the action of long-term high pressure, high temperature and huge traction force, the insulator is easy to deform and break internal optical fibers, so that data transmission of the insulator is disabled, and huge risks are brought.
In addition, the production process of the matrix core rod is generally manufactured by impregnating unidirectional glass fibers into an epoxy resin matrix and then carrying out a continuous pultrusion (drawing) process. According to the process requirement, a curing agent, an accelerator and an internal release agent are added into an epoxy resin system in proportion; meanwhile, in order to improve the bonding performance between the fiber and the resin, a coupling agent is added to carry out surface treatment on the glass fiber; in addition, sometimes other functional auxiliaries or fillers are added to the epoxy resin system to meet certain performance requirements. In the prior art, the core rod has low process yield, and can leave a cavity defect in the core rod body when the control is not good, and the continuous development in operation can cause string breakage and breakdown faults, so that the polarization loss, partial discharge, leakage current and the like are caused. In addition, the mandrel body material is susceptible to external environmental influences. When sunlight and visible light are strong, the temperature difference between the sunny side and the back sunny side of the insulator can be caused, and the temperature difference between different sides of the core rod can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-reliability optical fiber composite insulator, which solves the problem that the service life of the insulator is influenced by the failure caused by the fact that an optical fiber inside the insulator is subjected to external high temperature and traction force. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing such a highly reliable optical fiber composite insulator.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a high-reliability optical fiber composite insulator comprises a core rod, a framework, a first heat insulation layer, an umbrella skirt and hardware fittings, wherein the core rod comprises an optical fiber curing body, a second heat insulation layer and a core rod body layer, the optical fiber curing body is an epoxy resin rod, at least two optical fibers which are axially arranged are arranged in the epoxy resin rod, the optical fibers are arranged at intervals, the second heat insulation layer is coated and cured outside the optical fiber curing body, the core rod body layer is coated and cured outside the second heat insulation layer, the framework is an epoxy resin ring which is cured on the outer peripheral surface of the core rod and is axially arranged at intervals, the first heat insulation layer is coated and cured outside the framework and is filled and connected with adjacent epoxy resin rings, the umbrella skirt is coated and cured outside the first heat insulation layer and forms umbrella covers at the positions of the epoxy resin rings, and the first heat insulation layer is made of glass fibers, the second thermal insulation layer is made of glass fiber mixed with silicate.
Further, the core rod body layer comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 28-34% of epoxy resin, 55-62% of glass fiber, 8-9% of curing agent and 1.5-2% of insulating heat conduction material.
Further, the umbrella skirt comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 18-20% of glyceride, 28-30% of epoxy resin, 20-22% of propenyl ester resin, 5-6% of sorbitan fatty acid ester, 16-18% of quartz sand powder and 8-10% of di-tert-butylperoxyisopropyl benzene.
Further, the mass ratio of the glass fiber of the second heat insulation layer to the silicate is 1: 1-2.
Furthermore, the optical fiber is a structure of a fiber core and a cladding, wherein the diameter of the fiber core is larger than or equal to 3mm, the outer diameter of the optical fiber is larger than or equal to 5mm, and the refractive index n1 of the fiber core and the refractive index n2 of the cladding need to satisfy the following requirements: n1-n2 is more than or equal to 0.6, and the allowable tensile strength of the optical fiber is more than or equal to 15N. Under the condition, the structure can ensure that the optical fiber still has enough anti-loss and anti-tensile capacity when the optical fiber deforms under the action of temperature change or external force of the insulator body material, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of optical fiber communication.
Further, the number of the optical fibers is 2 to 20.
A preparation method of a high-reliability optical fiber composite insulator sequentially comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging at least two optical fibers in the first die, filling epoxy resin for isolating the optical fibers between the optical fibers, and curing to obtain an optical fiber cured body, wherein the optical fibers are arranged along the axial direction of the optical fiber cured body;
s2, coating and curing a second heat insulation layer made of glass fiber and silicate by a second mould outside the optical fiber solidified body, wherein the section of the optical fiber solidified body is located at the center of the section of the second heat insulation layer;
s3, coating the solidified core rod body layer outside the second heat insulation layer through a third die;
s4, curing a plurality of epoxy resin rings on the outer peripheral surface of the core rod body layer through a fourth die in an axial interval mode to serve as an umbrella skirt framework;
s5, coating and curing a first heat insulation layer made of glass fiber outside the framework through a fifth mould, wherein the first heat insulation layer fills and connects the adjacent epoxy resin rings;
and S6, coating and curing the umbrella skirt outside the first heat insulation layer through a sixth mould, removing the redundant umbrella skirts at the edges of the two ends, and installing corresponding hardware fittings.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the advantages that:
(1) a plurality of optical fibers are adopted, the optical fibers are isolated from each other and do not interfere with each other, and even if one of the optical fibers breaks under the action of huge stress, other optical fibers can also normally collect transmission data, so that the data transmission of the power transmission and transformation line is ensured to be normal, and the reliability of data transmission is improved.
(2) A plurality of epoxy resin rings are arranged outside the core rod to serve as a framework, so that the problem that the insulator umbrella skirt is broken due to collision of external force, and the toughness and the strength are not enough can be effectively solved. The heat insulation layers are arranged inside the core rod and outside the framework, so that the composite insulator can be effectively prevented from transferring heat from the umbrella skirt to the core rod and the internal optical fibers under the long-term high-temperature working condition, the conduction of external force to the internal optical fibers can be reduced, the heat is greatly prevented from being transmitted to the core rod, and the stable and reliable work of the optical fibers is guaranteed. Meanwhile, due to heat insulation, the possibility of optical fiber breakage caused by volume change of the material inside the insulator core rod due to expansion caused by heat and contraction caused by cold can be greatly reduced. Therefore, the stability and reliability of the insulator under the conditions of high pressure and high temperature for long-term operation can be further improved.
(3) Compared with the existing umbrella skirt material, the umbrella skirt material has good electrical insulation, hydrophobicity, ageing resistance, corrosion resistance, high pressure resistance and stronger mechanical property, and the raw materials are simple in composition and easy to obtain, the preparation process is compatible with the conventional process, and the umbrella skirt material has the cost advantage.
(4) The core rod body material has excellent mechanical property, is not easy to break, has few defects in the core rod body material, and greatly reduces the risk of leakage and moisture absorption of the insulator in a long-term severe environment. Meanwhile, the core rod body material has excellent heat conduction characteristic, uniform heat conduction and small end point temperature difference. The insulator prepared from the core rod body material has higher weather resistance and breakdown resistance, and the reliability and safety of the insulator in long-term operation are greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a high-reliability optical fiber composite insulator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a mandrel bar according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an optical fiber composite insulator of a comparative example.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention thereto.
The preparation method of the high-reliability optical fiber composite insulator comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging 6 optical fibers 101 in a first die, filling epoxy resin 102 for isolating the optical fibers 101 among the optical fibers 101, and curing to obtain an optical fiber cured body 10, wherein the epoxy resin 102 covers all the optical fibers 101 after the optical fiber cured body 10 is completed, so that the optical fibers 101 are arranged along the axial direction of the optical fiber cured body 10;
s2, coating and curing a second heat insulation layer 11 made of glass fiber and silicate by a second mold outside the optical fiber curing body 10, wherein the mass ratio of the glass fiber to the silicate is 1: 1-2, and the cross section of the optical fiber curing body 10 is located at the center of the cross section of the second heat insulation layer 11;
s3, coating and solidifying the core rod body layer 12 outside the second heat insulation layer 11 through a third die by a drawing process, wherein the core rod body layer 12 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 28% of epoxy resin, 62% of glass fiber, 8.5% of curing agent and 1.5% of insulating heat conduction material, wherein the curing time is 5-7 hours;
s4, curing the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel body layer 12 for 1-3 hours in an axial interval arrangement mode through a fourth die to form a plurality of epoxy resin rings as a shed framework 2, namely the shed framework 2 is composed of the epoxy resin rings which are independently spaced in the axial direction;
s5, coating and curing the first thermal insulation layer 3 made of glass fiber outside the framework 2 through a fifth mold, wherein the first thermal insulation layer 3 fills and connects adjacent epoxy resin rings, i.e. the first thermal insulation layer 3 is a continuous whole and coats all the epoxy resin rings forming the shed framework 2;
s6, coating and curing the umbrella skirt 4 outside the first heat insulation layer 3 through a sixth die, wherein each umbrella face forming the umbrella skirt 4 corresponds to each epoxy resin ring forming the framework 2 in position, and the umbrella skirt 4 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20% of glyceride, 30% of epoxy resin, 21% of propenyl ester resin, 5% of sorbitan fatty acid ester, 16% of quartz sand powder and 8% of di-tert-butylperoxyisopropyl benzene, curing for 2-4 hours, removing redundant sheds 4 at the edges of two ends, and installing corresponding hardware fittings 5.
Example 2, the structure of the high-reliability optical fiber composite insulator is the same as that of example 1, and the preparation method is as follows:
s1, arranging 6 optical fibers 101 in a first die, filling epoxy resin 102 for isolating the optical fibers 101 among the optical fibers 101, and curing to obtain an optical fiber cured body 10, wherein the epoxy resin 102 covers all the optical fibers 101 after the optical fiber cured body 10 is completed, so that the optical fibers 101 are arranged along the axial direction of the optical fiber cured body 10;
s2, coating and curing a second heat insulation layer 11 made of glass fiber and silicate by a second mold outside the optical fiber curing body 10, wherein the mass ratio of the glass fiber to the silicate is 1: 1-2, and the cross section of the optical fiber curing body 10 is located at the center of the cross section of the second heat insulation layer 11;
s3, coating and solidifying the core rod body layer 12 outside the second heat insulation layer 11 through a third die by a drawing process, wherein the core rod body layer 12 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 30% of epoxy resin, 60% of glass fiber, 8% of curing agent and 2% of insulating heat conduction material, wherein the curing time is 5-7 hours;
s4, curing the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel body layer 12 for 1-3 hours in an axial interval arrangement mode through a fourth die to form a plurality of epoxy resin rings as a shed framework 2, namely the shed framework 2 is composed of the epoxy resin rings which are independently spaced in the axial direction;
s5, coating and curing the first thermal insulation layer 3 made of glass fiber outside the framework 2 through a fifth mold, wherein the first thermal insulation layer 3 fills and connects adjacent epoxy resin rings, i.e. the first thermal insulation layer 3 is a continuous whole and coats all the epoxy resin rings forming the shed framework 2;
s6, coating and curing the umbrella skirt 4 outside the first heat insulation layer 3 through a sixth die, wherein each umbrella face forming the umbrella skirt 4 corresponds to each epoxy resin ring forming the framework 2 in position, and the umbrella skirt 4 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 18% of glyceride, 29% of epoxy resin, 20% of propenyl ester resin, 6% of sorbitan fatty acid ester, 17% of quartz sand powder and 10% of di-tert-butylperoxyisopropyl benzene, curing for 2-4 hours, removing redundant sheds 4 at the edges of two ends, and installing corresponding hardware fittings 5.
Example 3, the structure of the high-reliability optical fiber composite insulator is the same as that of example 1, and the preparation method is as follows:
s1, arranging 6 optical fibers 101 in a first die, filling epoxy resin 102 for isolating the optical fibers 101 among the optical fibers 101, and curing to obtain an optical fiber cured body 10, wherein the epoxy resin 102 covers all the optical fibers 101 after the optical fiber cured body 10 is completed, so that the optical fibers 101 are arranged along the axial direction of the optical fiber cured body 10;
s2, coating and curing a second heat insulation layer 11 made of glass fiber and silicate by a second mold outside the optical fiber curing body 10, wherein the mass ratio of the glass fiber to the silicate is 1: 1-2, and the cross section of the optical fiber curing body 10 is located at the center of the cross section of the second heat insulation layer 11;
s3, coating and solidifying the core rod body layer 12 outside the second heat insulation layer 11 through a third die by a drawing process, wherein the core rod body layer 12 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 34% of epoxy resin, 55% of glass fiber, 9% of curing agent and 2% of insulating heat conduction material, wherein the curing time is 5-7 hours;
s4, curing the outer peripheral surface of the mandrel body layer 12 for 1-3 hours in an axial interval arrangement mode through a fourth die to form a plurality of epoxy resin rings as a shed framework 2, namely the shed framework 2 is composed of the epoxy resin rings which are independently spaced in the axial direction;
s5, coating and curing the first thermal insulation layer 3 made of glass fiber outside the framework 2 through a fifth mold, wherein the first thermal insulation layer 3 fills and connects adjacent epoxy resin rings, i.e. the first thermal insulation layer 3 is a continuous whole and coats all the epoxy resin rings forming the shed framework 2;
s6, coating and curing the umbrella skirt 4 outside the first heat insulation layer 3 through a sixth die, wherein each umbrella face forming the umbrella skirt 4 corresponds to each epoxy resin ring forming the framework 2 in position, and the umbrella skirt 4 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 19% of glyceride, 28% of epoxy resin, 22% of propenyl ester resin, 5% of sorbitan fatty acid ester, 18% of quartz sand powder and 8% of di-tert-butylperoxyisopropyl benzene, curing for 2-4 hours, removing redundant sheds 4 at the edges of two ends, and installing corresponding hardware fittings 5.
In a comparative example, referring to fig. 3, the comparative example is a structure of a prior art optical fiber composite insulator, an optical fiber 200 is disposed inside a core rod 201, epoxy resin is filled and cured to form the core rod 201, a shed 202 is prepared on an outer circumferential surface of the core rod 201, and fittings 203 are connected to both ends of the core rod 201.
The above examples and comparative examples were subjected to performance tests, and the results were as follows:
Claims (6)
1. the utility model provides a high reliability optical fiber composite insulator which characterized in that: the core rod comprises an optical fiber curing body, a second heat-insulating layer and a core rod body layer, wherein the optical fiber curing body is an epoxy resin rod, at least two optical fibers which are axially arranged are arranged in the epoxy resin rod, the optical fibers are arranged at intervals, the second heat-insulating layer is coated and cured outside the optical fiber curing body, the core rod body layer is coated and cured outside the second heat-insulating layer, the framework is an epoxy resin ring which is cured outside the periphery of the core rod and is axially arranged at intervals, the first heat-insulating layer is coated and cured outside the framework and is filled and connected with the adjacent epoxy resin ring, the umbrella skirt is coated and cured outside the first heat-insulating layer and forms each umbrella cover at the position of the epoxy resin ring, the first heat-insulating layer is made of glass fibers, and the second heat-insulating layer is made of glass fibers and silicate by mixing, the umbrella skirt comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 18-20% of glyceride, 28-30% of epoxy resin, 20-22% of propenyl ester resin, 5-6% of sorbitan fatty acid ester, 16-18% of quartz sand powder and 8-10% of di-tert-butylperoxyisopropyl benzene.
2. The high-reliability optical fiber composite insulator according to claim 1, wherein the core rod body layer is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 28-34% of epoxy resin, 55-62% of glass fiber, 8-9% of curing agent and 1.5-2% of insulating heat conduction material.
3. The high-reliability optical fiber composite insulator according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the glass fiber to the silicate of the second heat insulating layer is 1: 1-2.
4. The high-reliability optical fiber composite insulator as claimed in claim 1, wherein the optical fiber is a structure of a fiber core and a cladding, the diameter of the fiber core is larger than or equal to 3mm, the outer diameter of the optical fiber is larger than or equal to 5mm, and the refractive index n1 of the fiber core and the refractive index n2 of the cladding satisfy the following conditions: n1-n2 is more than or equal to 0.6, and the allowable tensile strength of the optical fiber is more than or equal to 15N.
5. The high reliability optical fiber composite insulator according to claim 1, wherein the number of the optical fibers is 2 to 20.
6. A preparation method of a high-reliability optical fiber composite insulator is characterized by sequentially comprising the following steps:
s1, arranging at least two optical fibers in the first die, filling epoxy resin for isolating the optical fibers between the optical fibers, and curing to obtain an optical fiber cured body, wherein the optical fibers are arranged along the axial direction of the optical fiber cured body;
s2, coating and curing a second heat insulation layer made of glass fiber and silicate by a second mould outside the optical fiber solidified body, wherein the section of the optical fiber solidified body is located at the center of the section of the second heat insulation layer;
s3, coating the solidified core rod body layer outside the second heat insulation layer through a third die;
s4, curing a plurality of epoxy resin rings on the outer peripheral surface of the core rod body layer through a fourth die in an axial interval mode to serve as an umbrella skirt framework;
s5, coating and curing a first heat insulation layer made of glass fiber outside the framework through a fifth mould, wherein the first heat insulation layer fills and connects the adjacent epoxy resin rings;
s6, coating and curing the umbrella skirt outside the first heat insulation layer through a sixth mold, removing redundant umbrella skirts at the edges of two ends, and installing corresponding hardware fittings, wherein the umbrella skirt comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 18-20% of glyceride, 28-30% of epoxy resin, 20-22% of propenyl ester resin, 5-6% of sorbitan fatty acid ester, 16-18% of quartz sand powder and 8-10% of di-tert-butylperoxyisopropyl benzene.
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