CN111781534A - Method and device for testing short-circuit resistance of transformer - Google Patents
Method and device for testing short-circuit resistance of transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN111781534A CN111781534A CN202010500171.6A CN202010500171A CN111781534A CN 111781534 A CN111781534 A CN 111781534A CN 202010500171 A CN202010500171 A CN 202010500171A CN 111781534 A CN111781534 A CN 111781534A
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Abstract
The application relates to a method and a device for testing short-circuit resistance of a transformer. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a reference relation element influencing the short-circuit capacity from a database of the reference transformer, and acquiring a test element of the to-be-tested transformer corresponding to the reference relation element; calculating the similarity of the reference relation elements and the test elements; and calculating the safety coefficient of the transformer to be detected according to the similarity, and detecting the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be detected according to the safety coefficient. According to the method and the device for testing the short-circuit resistance of the transformer, the testing elements of the transformer to be tested are compared with the reference relation elements of the reference transformer to obtain the similarity, the safety coefficient of the transformer to be tested is high according to the similarity, and therefore the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be tested can be analyzed. The method does not need to carry out short-circuit test on the transformer to be tested, can save test cost, does not damage the transformer to be tested, and has high use reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of transformers, in particular to a method and a device for testing short-circuit resistance of a transformer.
Background
The transformer is a device for changing alternating voltage by utilizing the principle of electromagnetic induction, and main components are a primary coil, a secondary coil and an iron core (magnetic core), and the transformer has the main functions of: voltage conversion, current conversion, impedance conversion, isolation, voltage stabilization (magnetic saturation transformer), and the like, and are widely used. The transformer may be short-circuited in the using process, the short circuit may cause transformer faults, and the core of the whole power system during the transformer may affect the operation of a power grid if the core fails, thereby bringing serious consequences. The short-circuit resistance of the transformer has become a focus of attention in the power transmission and transformation industry.
The traditional method for evaluating the short-circuit resistance of the transformer is to perform a short-circuit test on the transformer, but the short-circuit test requires a high platform and large economic investment, the test itself has large destructiveness on the transformer, the short-circuit resistance judgment cannot realize the short-circuit test research on each transformer product, and the use reliability is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a method and an apparatus for testing short-circuit resistance of a transformer, aiming at the problem of low reliability in the conventional method for evaluating short-circuit resistance of a transformer.
A method for testing short-circuit resistance of a transformer comprises the following steps:
selecting reference relation elements influencing short circuit capacity from a database of the reference transformer; the reference transformer is a standard transformer which passes the verification;
acquiring the inspection elements of the transformer to be inspected, which correspond to the reference relation elements;
calculating the similarity of the reference relation element and the check element;
and calculating the safety factor of the transformer to be detected according to the similarity, and detecting the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be detected according to the safety factor.
A transformer short-circuit resistance capability inspection device, comprising:
the reference relation element selection module is used for selecting reference relation elements influencing the short-circuit capacity from a database of the reference transformer; the reference transformer is a standard transformer which passes the verification;
the inspection element acquisition module is used for acquiring inspection elements of the transformer to be inspected, which correspond to the reference relation elements;
the similarity calculation module is used for calculating the similarity between the reference relation element and the inspection element;
and the inspection module is used for calculating the safety factor of the transformer to be inspected according to the similarity and inspecting the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be inspected according to the safety factor.
According to the method and the device for testing the short-circuit resistance of the transformer, the verified standard transformer is used as the reference transformer, the reference relation element which influences the short-circuit resistance is selected from the database of the reference transformer, then the testing element of the transformer to be tested corresponding to the reference relation element is obtained, the similarity between the reference relation element and the testing element is calculated, the safety coefficient of the transformer to be tested is calculated according to the similarity, and the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be tested is tested according to the safety coefficient. Because the reference transformer is a standard transformer passing verification, after the similarity comparison is carried out on the detection elements of the transformer to be detected and the reference relation elements of the reference transformer, the safety factor of the transformer to be detected can be obtained, and the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be detected is analyzed according to the safety factor. The method does not need to carry out short-circuit test on the transformer to be tested, can save test cost, does not damage the transformer to be tested, and has high use reliability.
In one embodiment, the reference relation element comprises a reference transformer manufacturing process capability assessment parameter.
In one embodiment, the reference transformer manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter includes two or more manufacturing reference parameters, the transformer to be inspected manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter includes two or more manufacturing inspection parameters, and the calculating the similarity between the reference relation element and the inspection element includes:
calculating a sum of each of the manufacturing reference parameters and a sum of each of the manufacturing verification parameters;
and calculating the similarity according to the sum of the manufacturing inspection parameters and the sum of the manufacturing reference parameters.
In one embodiment, the reference relation element comprises a reference transformer quality inspection means and a guarantee parameter.
In one embodiment, the reference transformer quality inspection means and assurance parameters include two or more quality reference parameters, the transformer quality inspection means and assurance parameters to be inspected include two or more quality inspection parameters, and the calculating the similarity between the reference relation element and the inspection element includes:
calculating a sum of each of the quality reference parameters and a sum of each of the quality inspection parameters;
and calculating the similarity according to the sum of the quality inspection parameters and the sum of the quality reference parameters.
In one embodiment, the reference relation element comprises a reference transformer physical parameter.
In one embodiment, the reference transformer physical parameters include two or more physical reference parameters, the transformer physical parameters to be checked include two or more physical checking parameters, and the calculating the similarity between the reference relationship element and the checking element includes:
obtaining a physical reference parameter matrix and a physical inspection parameter matrix by adopting a separation variable method according to the physical reference parameters and the physical inspection parameters;
and calculating the similarity by adopting a minimum extraction method according to the physical reference parameter matrix and the physical inspection parameter matrix.
In one embodiment, when the number of the similarities is more than two, the calculating the safety factor of the transformer to be detected according to the similarities, and the detecting the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be detected according to the safety factor includes:
distributing different weight coefficients for the similarity;
and calculating the safety factor of the transformer to be detected according to the similarity and the corresponding weight coefficient, and detecting the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be detected according to the safety factor.
In one embodiment, after selecting the reference relation element affecting the short-circuit capability from the database of the reference transformer, and before acquiring the inspection element of the transformer to be inspected corresponding to the reference relation element, the method further includes:
judging whether the transformer to be detected and the reference transformer are similar transformers or not;
if so, executing the step of obtaining the inspection element of the transformer to be inspected, which corresponds to the reference relation element;
and if not, returning to the step of selecting the reference relation elements influencing the short-circuit capacity from the database of the reference transformer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for testing short-circuit resistance of a transformer according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for testing short-circuit resistance of a transformer according to another embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for testing short-circuit resistance of a transformer in accordance with another embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method for testing short-circuit resistance of a transformer according to still another embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a method for testing short-circuit resistance of a transformer according to an embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of an exemplary method for testing short-circuit resistance of a transformer;
FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method for testing short-circuit resistance of a transformer according to an embodiment;
fig. 8 is a block diagram of the apparatus for testing short-circuit resistance of a transformer according to an embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described more fully below by way of examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
In one embodiment, please refer to fig. 1, a method for testing short-circuit resistance of a transformer is provided, which can be executed by a control device, and includes the following steps:
step S200: a reference relation element affecting the short-circuit capability is selected from a database of reference transformers.
Wherein, the reference transformer is a standard transformer passing the verification. Specifically, in order to improve the accuracy of the method for testing the short-circuit resistance of the transformer, the safety definition of the reference transformer can refer to a standard, an academic achievement or a theoretical system, the reference transformer is verified by a short-circuit test or certified by an industry-recognized authentication institution, and the data source is accurate enough. After the reference transformer is selected, various parameters of the reference transformer and various parameters related to the reference transformer can be recorded to form a database of the reference transformer, the database can include different types of parameters and data, and the more the database of the reference transformer is, the higher the reliability of the method for testing the short-circuit resistance of the transformer is. After the database of the reference transformer is established, reference relation elements influencing the short-circuit capability are selected from the database of the reference transformer, the data types and the number of the reference relation elements are not unique, generally, the more the data types and the number of the reference relation elements are, the more the accuracy of the method for testing the short-circuit resistance capability of the transformer is improved, the more the reference relation elements are, the more the reference relation elements can be specifically selected according to actual requirements, for example, the selection is performed by combining the specific conditions of the transformer and the experience of engineers, and the like.
Step S400: and acquiring the inspection elements of the transformer to be inspected, which correspond to the reference relation elements.
And after selecting a reference relation element influencing the short-circuit capability in a database of the reference transformer, acquiring a test element of the to-be-tested transformer corresponding to the reference relation element. Specifically, the inspection elements of the transformer to be inspected should correspond to the reference relationship elements one to one, and the data types are the same in data quantity, so as to facilitate better comparison. For example, when the reference relation element includes a reference transformer manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter, and the reference transformer manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter is a sequence extracted in the full manufacturing cycle of the reference transformer, the inspection element is the transformer manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter to be inspected, and the transformer manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter to be inspected is a sequence extracted in the full manufacturing cycle of the transformer to be inspected, and the number of data of the sequence is equal to the number of data of the sequence extracted in the full manufacturing cycle of the reference transformer. It can be understood that the reference relationship element may also include other types of parameters, and the obtained inspection element of the transformer to be inspected is a parameter corresponding to the reference relationship element, and may be determined according to actual requirements.
Step S600: and calculating the similarity of the reference relation element and the check element.
And after the reference relation element and the check element are obtained, calculating the similarity of the two elements. Specifically, the calculation process of the similarity is not unique, and when the data types of the two elements are both specific numbers, the calculation of the similarity may be to calculate a difference value between the two values, and determine the similarity according to the size of the difference value. It is understood that in other embodiments, the similarity between the reference relationship element and the check element may be calculated in other manners, as long as the skilled person realizes.
Step S800: and calculating the safety coefficient of the transformer to be detected according to the similarity, and detecting the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be detected according to the safety coefficient.
And after the similarity between the reference relation element and the inspection element is obtained through calculation, calculating the safety coefficient of the transformer to be inspected according to the similarity, and inspecting the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be inspected according to the safety coefficient. Specifically, there is certain corresponding relation between factor of safety and the similarity, when reference relation element and inspection element all only included a type of data, can directly adopt the factor of safety as waiting to examine the transformer with reference element and inspection element's similarity, it is convenient to use. When the reference relation element and the inspection element both comprise more than two types of data, the safety factor can be calculated according to different weights of various types of data, and the accuracy is improved. It can be understood that, according to different calculation methods of the similarity, the corresponding relationship between the safety factor and the similarity may also be adjusted, as long as the person skilled in the art considers that the corresponding relationship can be realized.
The short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be detected can be detected according to the safety factor inspection: and (3) testing the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be tested according to the relation between the safety factor and the preset safety factor threshold, and when the safety factor is less than or equal to the preset safety factor threshold, considering that the safety factor of the transformer to be tested is smaller, the similarity with the reference transformer is smaller, and the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be tested is poor. When the safety factor is greater than the preset safety factor threshold value, the safety factor of the transformer to be detected is considered to be larger, the similarity with the reference transformer is larger, and the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be detected is good. Because the reference transformer is a standard transformer passing verification, after the similarity comparison is carried out on the detection elements of the transformer to be detected and the reference relation elements of the reference transformer, the safety coefficient of the transformer to be detected can be obtained, if the similarity is higher, the performance of the transformer to be detected is similar to that of the reference transformer, and the judgment that the safety coefficient of the transformer to be detected is high and the short-circuit resistance is high is made. The method does not need to carry out short-circuit test on the transformer to be tested, can save test cost, does not damage the transformer to be tested, and has high use reliability.
In one embodiment, the reference relationship element includes a reference transformer manufacturing process capability assessment parameter.
When the reference relation element comprises the reference transformer manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter, the transformer manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter to be detected can be obtained, subsequent processing is carried out on the basis of the transformer to be detected and the reference transformer manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter, and the influence of the manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter on the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be detected can be obtained. Specifically, since some manufacturing processes cannot be represented by numerical values, the manufacturing process capability can be evaluated by using different scores, and different manufacturing processes and capabilities are represented by using different scores, in this embodiment, the manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter uses 3 scores, 1 score is for controlling relaxation, 2 score is for properly controlling, and 3 score is for strictly controlling. It is understood that in other embodiments, different values of other divisions can be used as the evaluation parameters of the manufacturing process capability of the transformer to be tested and the reference transformer, as long as the skilled person can realize the evaluation. In an extensible way, when the transformer to be detected and the reference transformer adopt the same manufacturing method, the manufacturing process capability evaluation parameters do not need to be evaluated twice, and when a certain process is increased, decreased or optimized and the whole system is changed, for example, the reference transformer and the transformer to be detected are manufactured by different manufacturers, and the capability of different manufacturers needs to be evaluated again. The subsequent processing is carried out based on the evaluation parameters of the manufacturing process capability of the transformer to be detected and the reference transformer, and the difference of the manufacturing capability and the quality system between different periods or different manufacturing plants can be fully considered, so that the evaluation of the short-circuit resistance capability of the transformer to be detected is more comprehensive.
In one embodiment, the reference transformer manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter includes two or more manufacturing reference parameters, and the to-be-inspected transformer manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter includes two or more manufacturing inspection parameters, as shown in fig. 2, and step S600 includes step S610 and step S620.
Specifically, each manufacturing inspection parameter has a manufacturing reference parameter corresponding to it to improve the effectiveness of subsequent comparison, and when there is a manufacturing inspection parameter without a corresponding manufacturing reference parameter, the acquisition of this parameter may be abandoned to simplify the data processing process.
Step S610: the sum of each manufacturing reference parameter and the sum of each manufacturing verification parameter are calculated.
The data type and number of the manufacturing reference parameters and the manufacturing inspection parameters are not unique, and in the present embodiment, each manufacturing reference parameter of the reference transformer is a critical influence factor related to the manufacturing process capability extracted in the whole manufacturing cycle, and the recorded number is { t }01,t02,t03······t0nAnd the value is divided into 3, 1, proper control and strict control, so that each manufacturing inspection parameter of the transformer to be inspected is a parameter number sequence (t) corresponding to each manufacturing reference parameter of the reference transformer one by one11,t12,t13······t1nThe scoring criteria remain the same, the T0 and T1 values for the same manufacturing process should not differ, and re-evaluation is necessary only when a process is increased or decreased or optimized and the overall system changes, such as to evaluate the capabilities of different manufacturing plants. After the manufacturing reference parameters of the reference transformer and the manufacturing inspection parameters of the transformer to be inspected are obtained, the sum value of each manufacturing reference parameter and the sum value of each manufacturing inspection parameter are respectively calculated so as to facilitate subsequent processing.
Step S620: the similarity is calculated based on the sum of the manufacturing inspection parameters and the sum of the manufacturing reference parameters.
After the sum of the manufacturing reference parameters and the sum of the manufacturing inspection parameters are calculated, the similarity is calculated according to the sum of the manufacturing inspection parameters and the sum of the manufacturing reference parameters. In the embodiment, the similarity between the transformer to be tested and the reference transformer in the manufacturing process capability can be evaluated by taking the ratio obtained by dividing the sum of each manufacturing inspection parameter by the sum of each manufacturing reference parameter as the similarity, and the difference between the manufacturing capability and the quality system in different periods or different manufacturing plants can be fully considered, so that the evaluation on the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be tested is more comprehensive. In other embodiments, the similarity between the reference transformer manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter and the transformer to be detected manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter may also be calculated in other manners, for example, when the reference transformer manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter includes more than two manufacturing reference parameters, and the transformer to be detected manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter includes more than two manufacturing inspection parameters, the ratio of each manufacturing inspection parameter to the corresponding manufacturing reference parameter is calculated first, and then the ratios are summed to obtain the similarity, which may also characterize the similarity between the reference transformer manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter and the transformer to be detected manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter. It is understood that in other embodiments, the similarity may be calculated in other manners, as long as the skilled person realizes.
In one embodiment, the reference relation element comprises a reference transformer quality inspection means and a guarantee parameter.
When the reference relation elements comprise the quality inspection means and the guarantee parameters of the reference transformer, the quality inspection means and the guarantee parameters of the transformer to be inspected can be obtained, subsequent processing is carried out on the basis of the quality inspection means and the guarantee parameters of the transformer to be inspected and the reference transformer, and the influence of the quality inspection means and the guarantee parameters on the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be inspected can be obtained. Specifically, since some quality tests cannot be represented by numerical values, the quality test means can be evaluated by using different scores, which represent different quality test means. In this embodiment, the quality inspection means and the assurance parameters are divided into 3, 1 for relaxation control, 2 for proper control, and 3 for strict control. It is understood that in other embodiments, different values of other divisions may be adopted as the quality inspection means and assurance parameters of the transformer to be inspected and the reference transformer, as long as those skilled in the art can realize the quality inspection. In an extensible way, when the transformer to be detected and the reference transformer adopt the same quality inspection means, the quality inspection means and the guarantee parameters do not need to be evaluated twice. The subsequent treatment is carried out on the basis of the quality inspection means and the guarantee parameters of the transformer to be inspected and the reference transformer, and the difference of different quality inspection means can be fully considered, so that the evaluation on the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be inspected is more comprehensive.
In one embodiment, the reference transformer quality inspection means and the assurance parameters include two or more quality reference parameters, and the quality inspection means and the assurance parameters of the transformer to be inspected include two or more quality inspection parameters, as shown in fig. 3, and step S600 includes step S630 and step S640.
Specifically, each quality inspection parameter has a quality reference parameter corresponding to it to improve the effectiveness of subsequent comparison, and when there is a quality inspection parameter that does not have a corresponding quality reference parameter, the acquisition of the parameter may be abandoned to simplify the data processing process.
Step S630: the sum of the respective quality reference parameters and the sum of the respective quality inspection parameters are calculated.
The data type and number of the quality reference parameters and the quality inspection parameters are not unique, and in the present embodiment, each quality reference parameter of the reference transformer is a critical influence factor related to the quality inspection means and the guarantee extracted in the whole manufacturing cycle, and the recorded number is { q }01,q02,q03······q0mAnd the value is divided into 3, 1, proper control and strict control, and the quality inspection parameters of the transformer to be inspected are parameter sequences { q } corresponding to the quality reference parameters of the reference transformer one by one11,q12,q13······q1mThe scoring criteria remained unchanged. And after the quality reference parameters of the reference transformer and the quality inspection parameters of the transformer to be inspected are obtained, respectively calculating the sum value of each quality reference parameter and the sum value of each quality inspection parameter so as to facilitate subsequent processing.
Step S640: and calculating the similarity according to the sum of the quality inspection parameters and the sum of the quality reference parameters.
And calculating the similarity according to the sum of the quality inspection parameters and the sum of the quality reference parameters after calculating the sum of the quality reference parameters and the sum of the quality inspection parameters. In the embodiment, the ratio obtained by dividing the sum of each quality inspection parameter by the sum of each quality reference parameter is used as the similarity, so that the similarity of the quality inspection means and the guarantee of the transformer to be inspected and the reference transformer can be evaluated, and the difference between the quality inspection means and the guarantee system in different periods or different quality plants can be fully considered, so that the evaluation of the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be inspected is more comprehensive. In other embodiments, other methods may be used to calculate the similarity between the reference transformer quality inspection means and the assurance parameter and between the reference transformer quality inspection means and the assurance parameter, for example, when the reference transformer quality inspection means and the assurance parameter include two or more quality reference parameters, and the reference transformer quality inspection means and the assurance parameter include two or more quality inspection parameters, the ratio of each quality inspection parameter to the corresponding quality reference parameter is calculated first, and then the ratios are summed to obtain the similarity, which can also represent the similarity between the reference transformer quality inspection means and the assurance parameter and between the reference transformer quality inspection means and the assurance parameter. It is understood that in other embodiments, the similarity may be calculated in other manners, as long as the skilled person realizes.
In one embodiment, the reference relation element comprises a reference transformer physical parameter.
When the reference relation element comprises the physical parameters of the reference transformer, the physical parameters of the transformer to be detected can be obtained, and the influence of the physical parameters of the transformer on the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be detected can be obtained by performing subsequent processing on the basis of the physical parameters of the transformer to be detected and the physical parameters of the reference transformer. Specifically, the type of the physical parameter is not unique, for example, in the present embodiment, the physical parameter may include parameters for determining the type structure, such as an operation mode, a design structure, a winding sequence, a wire material, a winding type, a short circuit absorption capacity, a stress and stress, a fixed support mode, and the like, and may further include key physical quantities of a short circuit resistance, including a wire width, a wire height, a pad width, and the like, as long as those skilled in the art consider that the implementation is possible.
In one embodiment, the reference transformer physical parameters include two or more physical reference parameters, and the physical parameters of the transformer to be checked include two or more physical check parameters, as shown in fig. 4, step S600 includes step S650 and step S660.
Step S650: and obtaining a physical reference parameter matrix and a physical inspection parameter matrix by adopting a separation variable method according to the physical reference parameters and the physical inspection parameters.
In this embodiment, for example, the physical reference parameters include a parameter of a judgment type structure and a key physical quantity of short circuit resistance, the physical inspection parameters also include a parameter of a judgment type structure and a key physical quantity of short circuit resistance, the parameters of the judgment type structure include an operation mode, a design structure, a winding sequence, a wire material, a winding type, a short circuit absorption capacity, a stress and stress, a fixed support mode, and the like, and the key physical quantity of short circuit resistance includes a wire width, a wire height, a pad block width, and the like.
In particular, for the reference transformer, B0For judging the parameters of the type structure, 7 items are in total: b01,b02,b03······t07Respectively showing the operation mode, the design structure, the winding sequence, the wire material, the winding type, the short circuit absorption capacity and the fixed support mode. K0In order to refer to a key safety coefficient matrix of the short-circuit resistance of the transformer, the safety coefficient is verified by a reliable verification means, and the result comprises a standard algorithm or simulation calculation.
Wherein, the matrix RmnDifferent columns represent different winding names, the n value is equal to the number of independent physical windings, different rows represent different safety evaluation physical quantities with short-circuit resistance, including radial compressive stress, radial tensile stress, radial bending stress, axial lodging, axial bending and the like, generally, the m value is about 10 residual items, and items with safety coefficients larger than 4 can be omitted in a transitional mode.
P0Key physical quantities for short circuit resistance include wire width, wire height, pad width, etc., and the number of records is { r }1,r2,r3······rgAnd the data acquisition quantity of the group of data is mainly determined by the maturity degree of a theoretical algorithm and the accuracy requirement of calculation. Generally, the more data are collected, the more accurate the similarity and short-circuit resistance evaluation is, but the workload is correspondingly improved. Each of Rmn＝θmn(ra α,rb β,rc γ…,rg λ) Is a parameter r related to the design structure obtained by the separation variable methoda,rb,rc……rgαβ γ … … λ power of different θmnMembership function relationship of (1).
For the transformer to be inspected, B1For the parameter 7 item corresponding to the judged type structure for the reference transformer: b11,b12,b13······t17Respectively showing an operation mode, a design structure, a winding sequence, a winding type, a short circuit absorption capacity, stress and a fixed support mode. P1Is P0Corresponding series of key physical quantities of short-circuit resistance capability { p }1,p2,p3······pgThe sequence of numbers and { r }1,r2,r3······rgThe corresponding relations are one by one.
Step S660: and calculating the similarity by adopting a minimum extraction method according to the physical reference parameter matrix and the physical inspection parameter matrix.
Calculating the similarity of the key physical parameters, counting each safety coefficient of each winding, wherein the specific physical quantity corresponds to the key safety coefficient matrix defined in the content, and researching the similarity of the key physical parameters of the short-circuit resistance △PWhen used, this matrix △ is defined in a similar mannerPaComprises the following steps:
for the same reason, each term is
There are different relationship elements and membership functions, but it must correspond to the similarity evaluation value of each item in the moment value of formula (1), and the specific calculation method is:
comparing each item in the influence factors influencing the safety factors to be considered, and then carrying out similarity calculation through the extracted separation variable relation, and similarly phimnRepresenting different membership functions. Similarity of short-circuit resistance of transformer and original K0The coefficient matrix judges the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be evaluated, and the design safety coefficient K of the transformer to be evaluated1The matrix is represented as:
the calculation for each term is:
obtaining the similarity of key physical parameters by a minimum extraction method:
△P＝MIN(k11,k12…k1n…kmn) (9)
therefore, the similarity between the physical parameters of the reference transformer and the physical parameters of the transformer to be detected can be calculated when the physical parameters of the reference transformer comprise more than two physical reference parameters and the physical parameters of the transformer to be detected comprise more than two physical detection parameters.
Further, the reference relation elements may include one or more of reference transformer manufacturing process capability evaluation parameters, reference transformer quality inspection means and assurance parameters, and reference transformer physical parameters, and the inspection elements correspond to data types and numbers of the reference relation elements. The methods described above can be used to obtain the similarity corresponding to the process capability assessment parameter, the similarity corresponding to the quality inspection means and the assurance parameter, and the similarity corresponding to the physical parameter, respectively. When the reference element comprises one of the reference transformer manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter, the reference transformer quality inspection means, the guarantee parameter and the reference transformer physical parameter, selecting one of the corresponding similarities to calculate the safety coefficient of the transformer to be inspected, and then inspecting the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be inspected according to the safety coefficient.
In one embodiment, when the number of the similarities is more than two, please refer to fig. 5, step S800 includes step S810 and step S820.
Step S810: different weight coefficients are assigned to the respective similarities.
Specifically, the values of the weight coefficients are not unique, and taking the similarity including the similarity corresponding to the manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter, the similarity corresponding to the quality inspection means and the assurance parameter, and the similarity corresponding to the physical parameter as an example, different weights can be assigned according to the influence of different parameters on the short-circuit resistance of the transformer, if the influence of the physical parameter is the largest, a larger weight can be assigned to the similarity corresponding to the physical parameter, and so on, so that the short-circuit resistance inspection of the transformer to be inspected is more accurate.
Step S820: and calculating the safety coefficient of the transformer to be detected according to the similarity and the corresponding weight coefficient, and detecting the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be detected according to the safety coefficient.
The method for calculating the safety factor is not unique, in this embodiment, taking the weight corresponding to the similarity corresponding to the manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter as 0.2, the weight corresponding to the similarity corresponding to the quality inspection means and the assurance parameter as 0.1, and the weight corresponding to the similarity corresponding to the physical parameter as 0.7 as an example, the safety factor K is:
K＝ψ1×ΔT+ψ2×ΔQ+ψ3×ΔP(10)
wherein psi1，ψ2，ψ3Weight coefficient respectively corresponding to similarity corresponding to the evaluation parameter of the manufacturing process capabilityNumber, weight coefficient corresponding to the degree of similarity of the quality inspection means to the assurance parameter, weight coefficient corresponding to the degree of similarity of the physical parameter, psi1＝0.2，ψ2＝0.1，ψ3＝0.7。
Further, the safety coefficient K value is reserved with a 15% margin, namely the K value is larger than 1.15, and the safe operation of the transformer in the short-circuit resisting field is ensured. It can be understood that, in other embodiments, the margin of the safety factor may also be set to be other, and may specifically be adjusted according to the actual requirement.
In an embodiment, referring to fig. 5, after step S200 and before step S400, the method for testing short-circuit resistance of a transformer further includes step S300.
Step S300: and judging whether the transformer to be detected and the reference transformer are similar transformers or not.
If yes, go to step S400, otherwise, go back to step S200. The similarity judgment between the transformer to be detected and the reference transformer is carried out, and the effectiveness of the implementation of the transformer short-circuit resistance detection method can be improved. When the transformer does not satisfy the similarity condition, the short-circuit resistance cannot be compared. When the similarity is judged to be 0, the reference transformer database can be selected to be searched again, the step S200 is returned, and the result that the similarity is 0 and the safety coefficient cannot be judged can also be directly output without executing the subsequent steps. Because the similar transformers can only judge the similarity of the short-circuit resisting capacity, the judgment is a plurality of 'and' relations, and when one of the similar transformers does not meet the judgment requirement of the similar transformers, the similarity of the short-circuit resisting capacities of the two transformers is judged to be 0.
Specifically, a similar judgment function ^ (b) is defined1,b0) When the transformer to be detected and the reference transformer meet the requirements of similar transformers, the A (b)1,b0) 1, otherwise ^ (b)1,b0) 0, while the product operation is used to represent the "and" relationship, the mathematical operator ii represents the product relationship, i.e.:
the judgment item i value comprises an operation mode 1, a design structure 2, a winding sequence 3, a lead material 4, a winding type 5, a short circuit absorption capacity 6 and a fixed support mode 7. The specific judgment method can refer to GB1094.5-2008 appendix C. The axial force and the stress in the standard are evaluated in key physical parameters of short circuit resistance, the judgment of the manufacturing process is refined to the evaluation of the transformer manufacturing process capability, and the two evaluation points are not repeatedly evaluated.
For a better understanding of the above embodiments, the following detailed description is given in conjunction with a specific embodiment. In one embodiment, referring to fig. 6 and 7, the method for testing the short-circuit resistance of the transformer includes the following steps:
step (1): establishing a relational element database for referring to the short-circuit resistance of the transformer, wherein the parameters of the relational element database comprise the evaluation T of the manufacturing process capability of the transformer0Quality inspection means and assurance system Q0Reference transformer basic parameter B0And the key physical parameter P of short circuit resistance0. Safety coefficient K for evaluating short-circuit resistance of reference transformer0。
Wherein, T0And Q0Respectively, is a comprehensive evaluation system of process and quality assurance, extracts key influence factors in the whole manufacturing period, and records the number as t01,t02,t03······t0nAnd q01,q02,q03······q0mAnd values are divided into 3, 1, proper and strict controls, 2 and 3.
B0For judging the parameters of the type structure, 7 items are in total: b01,b02,b03······t07Respectively showing the operation mode, the design structure, the winding sequence, the wire material, the winding type, the short circuit absorption capacity, the stress and the fixed support mode.
K0In order to refer to a key safety coefficient matrix of the short-circuit resistance of the transformer, the safety coefficient is verified by a reliable verification means, and the result comprises a standard algorithm or simulation calculation.
Wherein, the matrix RmnDifferent columns represent different winding names, the n value is equal to the number of independent physical windings, different rows represent different safety evaluation physical quantities with short-circuit resistance, including radial compressive stress, radial tensile stress, radial bending stress, axial lodging, axial bending and the like, generally, the m value is about 10 residual items, and items with safety coefficients larger than 4 can be omitted in a transitional mode.
P0Key physical quantities for short circuit resistance include wire width, wire height, pad width, etc., and the number of records is { r }1,r2,r3······rgAnd the data acquisition quantity of the group of data is mainly determined by the maturity degree of a theoretical algorithm and the accuracy requirement of calculation. Generally, the more data are collected, the more accurate the similarity and short-circuit resistance evaluation is, but the workload is correspondingly improved.
Each of Rmn＝θmn(ra α,rb β,rc γ…,rg λ) Is a parameter r related to the design structure obtained by the separation variable methoda,rb,rc……rgαβ γ … … λ power of different θmnMembership function relationship of (1).
Step (2): establishing a manufacturing process capability evaluation T of a transformer (namely, a transformer to be detected) with short-circuit resistance to be evaluated1Quality inspection means and assurance system Q1Reference transformer basic parameter B1And the key physical parameter P of short circuit resistance1。
Wherein T is1And Q1Must be a parameter sequence t corresponding to the reference transformer one by one11,t12,t13······t1nAnd q11,q12,q13······q1mScore criteria were kept constant, T for the same manufacturing method0And T1The values should not be different, only when a certain process is increased or decreased or optimized, the whole system is changed if the evaluation is not carried outThe capacity of the same manufacturer is required to be reevaluated.
B1For the parameter 7 item corresponding to the judged type structure for the reference transformer: b11,b12,b13······t17Respectively showing an operation mode, a design structure, a winding sequence, a winding type, a short circuit absorption capacity, stress and a fixed support mode.
P1Is P0Corresponding series of key physical quantities of short-circuit resistance capability { p }1,p2,p3······pgThe sequence of numbers and { r }1,r2,r3······rgThe corresponding relations are one by one.
And (3): transformer-like diagnostics
When the transformer does not satisfy the similarity condition, the short-circuit resistance cannot be compared. And (3) when the similarity is judged to be 0, the reference transformer database can be selected to be searched again, the step (1) is restarted, the result that the similarity is 0 and the safety coefficient cannot be judged can also be directly output, and the steps (4) to (7) are not executed any more.
Because the similar transformers can only judge the similarity of the short-circuit resisting capacity, the judgment is a plurality of 'and' relations, and when one of the similar transformers does not meet the judgment requirement of the similar transformers, the similarity of the short-circuit resisting capacities of the two transformers is judged to be 0.
Defining a similar judging function ^ (b)1,b0) When the evaluation transformer and the reference transformer satisfy the transformer-like requirements, [ lambda ] (b)1,b0) 1, otherwise ^ (b)1,b0) 0, while the product operation is used to represent the "and" relationship, the mathematical operator ii represents the product relationship, i.e.:
the judgment item i value comprises an operation mode 1, a design structure 2, a winding sequence 3, a lead material 4, a winding type 5, a short circuit absorption capacity 6 and a fixed support mode 7.
The specific judgment method can refer to GB1094.5-2008 appendix C. The axial force and the stress in the standard are evaluated in key physical parameters of short circuit resistance, the judgment of the manufacturing process is refined to the evaluation of the transformer manufacturing process capability, and the two evaluation points are not repeatedly evaluated.
Step (4) manufacturing capability similarity △TAnd (4) calculating.
Manufacturability similarity △TThe calculation is as follows:
step (5) Mass System similarity △QAnd (4) calculating.
Step (6) key physical parameter similarity △PAnd (4) calculating.
Calculating the similarity of the key physical parameters, counting each safety coefficient of each winding, wherein the specific physical quantity corresponds to the key safety coefficient matrix defined in the step (1), and researching the similarity of the key physical parameters of the short-circuit resistance △PWhen used, this matrix △ is defined in a similar mannerPaComprises the following steps:
for the same reason, each term is
There are different relationship elements and membership functions, but it must correspond to the similarity evaluation value of each item in the moment value of formula (1), and the specific calculation method is:
and comparing each item in the influence factors influencing the safety factors to be considered, and then carrying out similarity calculation through the extracted separation variable relation.
In the same way phimnRepresenting different membership functions.
Similarity of short-circuit resistance of transformer and original K0The coefficient matrix judges the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be evaluated, and the design safety coefficient K of the transformer to be evaluated1The matrix is represented as:
the calculation for each term is:
obtaining the similarity of key physical parameters by a minimum extraction method:
△P＝MIN(k11,k12…k1n…kmn) (9)
and (7): and evaluating the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be evaluated by using a similarity method.
K＝ψ1×ΔT+ψ2×ΔQ+ψ3×ΔP(10)
Wherein psi1，ψ2，ψ3Respectively, for each parametric integrated weight coefficient, preferably psi1＝0.2，ψ2＝0.1，ψ3＝0.7。
The safety coefficient K value keeps 15% of margin, namely the K value is more than 1.15, and the safe operation of the transformer in the short circuit resisting field is ensured. Furthermore, the results obtained by the method can be sequenced, and a corresponding coping strategy is provided for the reliability of the in-transit equipment.
The transformer short-circuit resistance testing method comprehensively considers the comprehensive effects of the manufacturing process capability and quality testing means of the transformer and key physical parameters of a guarantee system and short-circuit resistance, carries out engineering application on a separation variable method, a fuzzy algorithm and a similarity method, converts engineering problems into a mathematical relational expression method, can quantify differences, provides an evaluation method with high guiding value, and has very positive reference significance for forming a uniform judgment method of the industry.
According to the method for testing the short-circuit resistance of the transformer, the verified standard transformer is used as the reference transformer, the reference relation element influencing the short-circuit resistance is selected from the database of the reference transformer, then the test element of the transformer to be tested corresponding to the reference relation element is obtained, the similarity between the reference relation element and the test element is calculated, the safety coefficient of the transformer to be tested is calculated according to the similarity, and the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be tested is tested according to the safety coefficient. Because the reference transformer is a standard transformer passing verification, after the similarity comparison is carried out on the detection elements of the transformer to be detected and the reference relation elements of the reference transformer, the safety factor of the transformer to be detected can be obtained, and the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be detected is analyzed according to the safety factor. The method does not need to carry out short-circuit test on the transformer to be tested, can save test cost, does not damage the transformer to be tested, and has high use reliability.
In an embodiment, please refer to fig. 8, which provides an apparatus for testing short-circuit resistance of a transformer, including a reference relation element selection module 200, a test element acquisition module 400, a similarity calculation module 600, and a test module 800, where the reference relation element selection module 200 selects a reference relation element affecting short-circuit resistance from a database of a reference transformer, the reference transformer is a standard transformer passing verification, the test element acquisition module 400 is configured to acquire a test element of a transformer to be tested corresponding to the reference relation element, the similarity calculation module 600 is configured to calculate similarity between the reference relation element and the test element, and the test module 800 calculates a safety coefficient of the transformer to be tested according to the similarity and tests the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be tested according to the safety coefficient.
In an embodiment, the apparatus for testing short-circuit resistance of a transformer further includes a similar transformer determining module, where the similar transformer determining module is configured to determine whether the transformer to be tested and the reference transformer are similar transformers after the reference relation element selecting module 200 selects a reference relation element affecting short-circuit resistance from a database of the reference transformer and before the inspection element obtaining module 400 obtains an inspection element of the transformer to be tested corresponding to the reference relation element, if so, the inspection element obtaining module 400 obtains the inspection element of the transformer to be tested corresponding to the reference relation element, and if not, the reference relation element selecting module 200 selects the reference relation element affecting short-circuit resistance from the database of the reference transformer.
For specific limitations of the transformer short-circuit resistance capability checking device, reference may be made to the above limitations of the transformer short-circuit resistance capability checking method, which will not be described herein again. According to the device for testing the short-circuit resistance of the transformer, the standard transformer passing verification is used as the reference transformer, the reference relation element influencing the short-circuit resistance is selected from the database of the reference transformer, then the testing element of the transformer to be tested corresponding to the reference relation element is obtained, the similarity between the reference relation element and the testing element is calculated, the safety coefficient of the transformer to be tested is calculated according to the similarity, and the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be tested is tested according to the safety coefficient. Because the reference transformer is a standard transformer passing verification, after the similarity comparison is carried out on the detection elements of the transformer to be detected and the reference relation elements of the reference transformer, the safety coefficient of the transformer to be detected can be obtained, if the similarity is higher, the performance of the transformer to be detected is similar to that of the reference transformer, and the judgment that the safety coefficient of the transformer to be detected is high and the short-circuit resistance is high is made. The method does not need to carry out short-circuit test on the transformer to be tested, can save test cost, does not damage the transformer to be tested, and has high use reliability.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for testing short-circuit resistance of a transformer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting reference relation elements influencing short circuit capacity from a database of the reference transformer; the reference transformer is a standard transformer which passes the verification;
acquiring the inspection elements of the transformer to be inspected, which correspond to the reference relation elements;
calculating the similarity of the reference relation element and the check element;
and calculating the safety factor of the transformer to be detected according to the similarity, and detecting the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be detected according to the safety factor.
2. The method for testing short-circuit resistance of transformer according to claim 1, wherein the reference relation element comprises a reference transformer manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter.
3. The method for testing short-circuit resistance of transformer according to claim 2, wherein said reference transformer manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter comprises two or more manufacturing reference parameters, said transformer to be tested manufacturing process capability evaluation parameter comprises two or more manufacturing test parameters, and said calculating the similarity of said reference relation element and said test element comprises:
calculating a sum of each of the manufacturing reference parameters and a sum of each of the manufacturing verification parameters;
and calculating the similarity according to the sum of the manufacturing inspection parameters and the sum of the manufacturing reference parameters.
4. The method for testing short-circuit resistance of transformer according to claim 1, wherein the reference relation element comprises a reference transformer quality testing means and a guarantee parameter.
5. The method for testing short-circuit resistance of transformer according to claim 4, wherein said reference transformer quality testing means and assurance parameters comprise more than two quality reference parameters, said quality testing means and assurance parameters of transformer to be tested comprise more than two quality testing parameters, and said calculating similarity of said reference relation element and said testing element comprises:
calculating a sum of each of the quality reference parameters and a sum of each of the quality inspection parameters;
and calculating the similarity according to the sum of the quality inspection parameters and the sum of the quality reference parameters.
6. The method for testing short-circuit resistance of transformer according to claim 1, wherein the reference relation element comprises a reference transformer physical parameter.
7. The method for testing short-circuit resistance of transformer according to claim 6, wherein the reference transformer physical parameters include two or more physical reference parameters, the physical parameters of the transformer to be tested include two or more physical test parameters, and the calculating the similarity between the reference relation element and the test element includes:
obtaining a physical reference parameter matrix and a physical inspection parameter matrix by adopting a separation variable method according to the physical reference parameters and the physical inspection parameters;
and calculating the similarity by adopting a minimum extraction method according to the physical reference parameter matrix and the physical inspection parameter matrix.
8. The method for testing the short-circuit resistance of the transformer according to claim 1, wherein when the number of the similarities is more than two, the safety factor of the transformer to be tested is calculated according to the similarities, and the testing the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be tested according to the safety factor comprises:
distributing different weight coefficients for the similarity;
and calculating the safety factor of the transformer to be detected according to the similarity and the corresponding weight coefficient, and detecting the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be detected according to the safety factor.
9. The method for testing short-circuit resistance of transformer according to claim 1, wherein after selecting the reference relation element affecting short-circuit resistance from the database of reference transformer, and before obtaining the test element of the transformer to be tested corresponding to the reference relation element, further comprising:
judging whether the transformer to be detected and the reference transformer are similar transformers or not;
if so, executing the step of obtaining the inspection element of the transformer to be inspected, which corresponds to the reference relation element;
and if not, returning to the step of selecting the reference relation elements influencing the short-circuit capacity from the database of the reference transformer.
10. A transformer short-circuit resistance capability inspection device, characterized by comprising:
the reference relation element selection module is used for selecting reference relation elements influencing the short-circuit capacity from a database of the reference transformer; the reference transformer is a standard transformer which passes the verification;
the inspection element acquisition module is used for acquiring inspection elements of the transformer to be inspected, which correspond to the reference relation elements;
the similarity calculation module is used for calculating the similarity between the reference relation element and the inspection element;
and the inspection module is used for calculating the safety factor of the transformer to be inspected according to the similarity and inspecting the short-circuit resistance of the transformer to be inspected according to the safety factor.
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