CN111780615A - Electromagnetic coil emitting device capable of automatically adjusting initial speed - Google Patents
Electromagnetic coil emitting device capable of automatically adjusting initial speed Download PDFInfo
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- CN111780615A CN111780615A CN201910269002.3A CN201910269002A CN111780615A CN 111780615 A CN111780615 A CN 111780615A CN 201910269002 A CN201910269002 A CN 201910269002A CN 111780615 A CN111780615 A CN 111780615A
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- electromagnetic relay
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41B—WEAPONS FOR PROJECTING MISSILES WITHOUT USE OF EXPLOSIVE OR COMBUSTIBLE PROPELLANT CHARGE; WEAPONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F41B6/00—Electromagnetic launchers ; Plasma-actuated launchers
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electromagnetic coil transmitting device capable of automatically adjusting initial speed, which comprises a radar ranging module, a charging and transmitting module and a single chip microcomputer control module. And closing the charging switch to charge the capacitor. When a target needs to be shot, the ranging radar is aligned to the target, data obtained by ranging of the target are input into the single chip microcomputer by the radar, the data are processed by the programmed single chip microcomputer, and the electromagnetic relay controls the on-off of the switches between the capacitors and the corresponding coils, so that the number of the coils which really play a role in acceleration is determined. The single chip microcomputer controls the discharge switches to be sequentially closed, and the capacitor in a closed state between the discharge switches and the corresponding coil discharges electricity to the coil to form a magnetic field to push the projectile to be ejected. The invention can adjust the range, can automatically calculate the required energy and avoid the problem of overhigh initial speed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electromagnetic coil launching device, in particular to an electromagnetic coil launching device capable of automatically adjusting initial speed.
Background
With the development of electromagnetic emission technology and electronic control technology, a great deal of capital is invested in various countries to research and develop electromagnetic rail guns, electromagnetic catapults and other large military electromagnetic emission devices. Small civil electromagnetic coil launching devices, although relatively slow in development, are also increasingly finding some applications. Compared with the traditional gunpowder or compressed air emission technology, the electromagnetic emission has the advantages of simple control, safety, environmental protection, low noise and the like.
The electromagnetic coil transmission is a technical branch of electromagnetic transmission, and generally comprises a plurality of coaxially arranged stator coils and an armature coil which can axially move in the stator coil, wherein the stator coils are sequentially charged by an external power supply during transmission, a strong magnetic field is formed around the coils and interacts with a magnetic field of armature induction (or external input) current to generate Lorentz force to push the armature to move. The armature is accelerated sequentially by using a plurality of stages of stator coils, and the armature can be continuously accelerated by precisely controlling the discharge time of the stator coils.
Most of the existing small electromagnetic coil emitting devices adopt a multi-capacitor multi-stage acceleration mode. Each electric capacity is the power supply of corresponding coil respectively, can pass through the discharge time interval of each electric capacity to the coil that corresponds separately of singlechip or photogate control, and the electric capacity is circular telegram in proper order and is cut off the power supply in proper order according to certain time again in proper order during that to say discharge for the shot is in the state of being accelerated all the time, improves energy utilization, can easily accelerate the shot to tens meters or even hundred meters per second's speed like this. One of the disadvantages is that it is not possible to adjust the initial velocity in time to control the range according to the distance of the target object. This results in unnecessary energy loss due to high initial velocity of the projectile, which reduces the life of the battery and also causes problems of excessive power, low exit velocity and failure to accurately hit the target. Although these transmitting devices can theoretically adjust the initial speed by controlling the charging time of the capacitor so as to control the voltage of the capacitor, the transmitting time is usually delayed due to the fact that charging needs a certain time. This drawback limits further applications of small electromagnetic emitting devices.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of this technique is to provide an automatic solenoid emitter of adjusting initial velocity, thereby aims at solving the defect that thereby current multistage small-size solenoid emitter can't realize adjusting the initial velocity immediately according to the target object distance and control the range for the shot initial velocity is maintained at relatively reasonable scope, has avoided the too high extravagant electric energy of initial velocity and power surplus and the initial velocity is too low can't hit the problem of target. This enhances the utility of small electromagnetic emission technology, and further promotes the further application of electromagnetic emission technology in the civil field.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: an electromagnetic coil transmitting device capable of automatically adjusting initial speed comprises a radar ranging module, a charging and transmitting module and a singlechip control module;
the radar ranging module is connected with the single-chip microcomputer control module and used for ranging a target object and transmitting measured distance data to the single-chip microcomputer control module;
the charging and transmitting module consists of a charging and discharging circuit, a metal shot and a plastic conduit, an electromagnetic relay contact in the charging and discharging circuit controls the capacitor to discharge, an input circuit of the electromagnetic relay is connected with an I/O port of the singlechip, so the opening and closing states of the contact are controlled by the singlechip module;
the single chip microcomputer control module consists of a single chip microcomputer and an electromagnetic relay, one end of an input loop of the electromagnetic relay is grounded with the single chip microcomputer, the other end of the input loop of the electromagnetic relay is connected with an I/O port of the single chip microcomputer, the contact is disconnected when the I/O port outputs a low level, and the contact is closed when the I/O port outputs a high level; the singlechip processes distance data measured by the radar, calculates a coil required to be electrified for emission, and outputs high and low levels through the I/O port to control the opening and closing states of the electromagnetic relay contact, thereby controlling the time interval of the discharge of the capacitor to the coil and the discharge of each capacitor.
The non-circuit part of the charging and transmitting module consists of a metal shot and a plastic conduit; the charging and discharging circuit part consists of a transmitting coil, an electromagnetic relay contact, a capacitor, a direct current transformer, a diode, a direct current power supply, a resistor, a silicon controlled rectifier and a charging switch;
wherein, the positive pole of the capacitor is connected with the transmitting coil, and the negative pole is connected with the K pole of the controlled silicon; the electromagnetic relay contact and the resistor are connected in series between the negative electrode of the capacitor and the G pole of the controllable silicon; the direct current transformer converts the lower output voltage of the power supply into high voltage of hundreds of volts to charge a capacitor, the anode and the cathode of the power supply are connected with the input end of the direct current transformer, and the anode and the cathode of the capacitor are connected with the output end of the direct current transformer; the diode is connected in parallel at two ends of the transmitting coil; the controlled silicon is used for stabilizing voltage; before launching, the metal shot is placed at the root of the plastic catheter; n transmitting coils are wound on the plastic guide pipe in sequence; the N capacitors respectively supply power to the N transmitting coils; n electromagnetic relay contacts are respectively connected in series between the corresponding capacitor negative electrode and the controllable silicon G electrode.
The singlechip in the singlechip control module judges according to target distance data measured by a radar to determine a coil needing to be electrified, and when the target distance is short, a transmitting coil close to the root of a transmitting tube is used; when the target distance is farther, a transmitting coil closer to the transmitting tube opening is used; for example when measuring the distance x<x1Then, the electrified coil is determined to be 3.1; when x is1≤x≤x2Then, the electrified coils are determined to be 3.1 and 3.2; when x is2≤x≤x3Then, the number of the electrified coils is determined to be 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3, and so on, and the specific x1、x2、…、xnThe numerical value of (A) can be obtained by experiments. After the transmitting coil to be used is determined, the singlechip always keeps an I/O port connected with an electromagnetic relay corresponding to the coil which cannot be used in a low level state; and calling a delay control program for the level state of the I/O port connected with the electromagnetic relay corresponding to the used coil, namely sequentially setting high levels and low levels at intervals for the I/O ports corresponding to the electromagnetic relays from the root of the transmitting tube to the pipe orifice, and sequentially powering on and powering off the coil, so that the projectile is in an acceleration state when passing through each section of coil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: 1. The singlechip automatically calculates the number of electrified coils according to the data of radar ranging, and can instantly change the number of used accelerating coils according to the distance of a target, so as to change the initial transmitting speed and further adjust the range; 2. the single chip microcomputer controls the discharging switch through the electromagnetic relay to enable the needed coils to be sequentially electrified and powered off to achieve acceleration, the needed energy can be automatically calculated, and the problems that the target is excessively damaged due to the fact that the electric energy is wasted due to overhigh initial speed and the power is excessive, and the target cannot be hit due to overlow initial speed are solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a charge and discharge circuit diagram of a single capacitance emitter device.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a transmitting device.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the operation of the transmitting device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
(1) Charging part (see figure 1)
Charging part the present invention is not different from the existing single-capacitor transmitting device, and is exemplified by a single-stage primary speed non-adjustable electromagnetic coil transmitting device shown in fig. 1, wherein a direct current power supply (8) supplies power, and the power is boosted by the mutual inductance of a transformer (6) to charge a capacitor (5). In the process of multi-stage transmission, similarly, five capacitors can be charged simultaneously only by connecting four capacitors at two ends of the capacitor (5), and the voltage difference of each capacitor is kept to be very small and to be close to the required voltage.
(2) Automatic regulation of transmitting part and initial speed (see fig. 2 and 3)
This part is the key to the distinction of the present invention from general electromagnetic emission technology. The core components are a distance measuring radar and a singlechip.
The basic principle of multi-stage coil transmission is: the capacitor discharges and current is applied to the drive coil (assuming the metal projectile itself is a projectile coil). The projectile coil induces a toroidal current in a direction opposite to the current flow on the drive coil. The interaction of the toroidal current and the magnetic field between the two coils generates an ampere force (since the induced current in the coils is opposite to the drive current, there is only a delayed drive force in the barrel) which pushes the metal projectile forward. However, when the metal shot passes through the middle point of the coil, the metal shot is subjected to reverse tension of the coil, so that the initial speed is reduced. In order to keep the metal shot in an accelerated state all the time when the metal shot passes through each stage of coil, a singlechip is required to be introduced for control. The time delay control program is programmed in the single chip microcomputer to control the closing of the contacts of the electromagnetic relay, so that the accelerating coils are sequentially electrified and then powered off, and the time intervals are set to be right, so that the accelerating coils can enable the projectile to be in an accelerating state when being electrified.
(3) Implementation process (see FIG. 3)
The working process is described below by taking a five-stage electromagnetic emitting device as an example. After aiming at the target and pressing the firing switch of the device, the device will automatically perform the following three steps (see fig. 3 for a flow chart).
Firstly, the radar measures the distance of a target object.
And secondly, the radar inputs distance data obtained by ranging the target into a single chip microcomputer, a data processing program is programmed in the single chip microcomputer, the required coil can be determined, and the electromagnetic relays 4.1-4.5 are controlled to correspond to the high and low level states of the I/O port during transmission, so that the power-on state of the coil during transmission is controlled. The I/O port corresponding to the coil which is not needed to be used is always kept at a low level when transmitting, and the I/O is called to be in an inactivated state, namely the coil is not electrified all the time; and the I/O port corresponding to the coil to be used is switched to high and low levels when the I/O port is transmitted later, so that the I/O is called to be in an activated state. The data processing program is compiled in advance, the first-level acceleration and the second-level acceleration up to the initial speed of the projectile with the five-level acceleration can be obtained through simulation calculation, the optimal relation between the target distance and the initial speed of the projectile is obtained through experiments, the optimal relation between the target distance and the acceleration level is obtained, and accordingly the coil required for acceleration is determined, and the high-low level state condition of the I/O port during launching is determined. It is worth mentioning that the coil with the smaller serial number has the higher priority of energization. For example, only the coils 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3 are turned on, but not the coils 3.1, 3.2 and 3.4 are turned on, because the time interval of the single chip microcomputer controlling the turn-on and turn-off of each coil is actually determined by the projectile velocity, and is obtained in advance through data simulation and related experiments, that is, under the condition that the capacitor voltage is constant, the time intervals of the turn-on and turn-off of each coil are different from each other. If the priority conduction of the small serial number is not satisfied, the chaos of the power-on and power-off time is caused, namely, the condition that the projectile is in an acceleration state through each coil cannot be ensured.
And thirdly, calling a delay switch program by the singlechip to perform delay control on the I/O ports corresponding to the electromagnetic relays 4.1-4.5, namely sequentially making high level and then sequentially making low level for the I/O ports corresponding to the electromagnetic relays from the root of the launching tube to the tube opening at certain intervals, so as to control the closing and opening time of contacts of the electromagnetic relays and enable the shot to be in an accelerated state in the launching tube all the time. In a second step, if the I/O ports to which the coils correspond are not activated, the coils will not be energized and the projectile will only gain acceleration in the first few coils.
For example, when the target is far, the I/O ports corresponding to the electromagnetic relay contacts 4.1-4.5 between the capacitors 5.1-5.5 and the corresponding coils 3.1-3.5 in the transmitting device shown in fig. 1 will all be in an activated state, so that the high level is set first by controlling the I/O ports through the single chip microcomputer, and then the low level is set, so that the electromagnetic relay contacts 4.1-4.5 are closed and then opened, and thus the coils 3.1-3.5 are powered on and then powered off, and thus the projectile can obtain a high initial speed through five-stage acceleration. When the target is close, only the I/O ports corresponding to the contacts 4.1 and 4.2 of the electromagnetic relay in the launching device shown in figure 1 are in an activated state, and only the coils 3.1 and 3.2 pass through current during launching, namely only two-stage acceleration is performed, so that the initial speed of the projectile is low.
In summary, the operation process of the electromagnetic coil emitting device for automatically adjusting the initial speed of the invention is to close the charging switch to charge the capacitor. When a target needs to be shot, a ranging radar is aligned to the target, the radar inputs data obtained by ranging the target into a single chip microcomputer, and the programmed single chip microcomputer processes the data (coil acceleration stages required by measuring and calculating different distances through experiments are written into a single chip microcomputer program, for example, when the measured distance x is<x1Then, the electrified coil is determined to be 3.1; when x is1≤x≤x2Then, the electrified coils are determined to be 3.1 and 3.2; when x is2≤x≤x3Then, the number of the electrified coils is determined to be 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3, and so on, and the specific x1、x2、…、xnThe numerical value of (2) can be obtained by experiments, and the electromagnetic relay controls the on-off of the circuit between each capacitor and the corresponding coil, so that the number of the coils which really play a role in acceleration is determined finally. Single chip microcomputer controlled electromagnetThe relay contacts are sequentially closed, and the capacitor in a closed state with the corresponding switch between the relay contacts and the coil discharges to the coil to form a magnetic field and push the projectile to eject.
And after the discharging is finished, the charging switch is closed to charge the capacitor, the capacitor which is not discharged continuously keeps the original voltage, the discharged capacitor reaches the set voltage again, and the next round of shooting is continuously carried out.
Claims (4)
1. An electromagnetic coil transmitting device capable of automatically adjusting initial speed is characterized by comprising a radar ranging module, a charging and transmitting module and a singlechip control module;
the radar ranging module is connected with the single-chip microcomputer control module and used for ranging a target object and transmitting measured distance data to the single-chip microcomputer control module;
the charging and transmitting module consists of a charging and discharging circuit, a metal shot (1) and a plastic conduit (2), an electromagnetic relay contact (4) in the charging and discharging circuit controls the capacitor to discharge, an input circuit of the electromagnetic relay is connected with an I/O port of the singlechip, so that the opening and closing states of the contact are controlled by the singlechip module;
the single chip microcomputer control module consists of a single chip microcomputer and an electromagnetic relay, one end of an input loop of the electromagnetic relay is grounded with the single chip microcomputer, the other end of the input loop of the electromagnetic relay is connected with an I/O port of the single chip microcomputer, the contact is disconnected when the I/O port outputs a low level, and the contact is closed when the I/O port outputs a high level; the singlechip processes distance data measured by the radar, calculates a coil required to be electrified for emission, and outputs high and low levels through the I/O port to control the opening and closing states of the electromagnetic relay contact, thereby controlling the time interval of the discharge of the capacitor to the coil and the discharge of each capacitor.
2. An electromagnetic coil emitting device for automatically adjusting initial velocity as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the radar ranging module is composed of a ranging radar, measures distance data between the radar and a target, and inputs the data into the single chip microcomputer.
3. An electromagnetic coil emitting device for automatically adjusting initial velocity as set forth in claim 1, wherein:
the non-circuit part of the charging and transmitting module consists of a metal shot (1) and a plastic conduit (2); the charging and discharging circuit part consists of a transmitting coil (3), an electromagnetic relay contact (4), a capacitor (5), a direct current transformer (6), a diode (7), a direct current power supply (8), a resistor (9), a silicon controlled rectifier (10) and a charging switch (11);
wherein, the positive pole of the capacitor (5) is connected with the transmitting coil (3), and the negative pole is connected with the K pole of the controllable silicon (10); the electromagnetic relay contact (4) and the resistor (9) are connected in series between the negative electrode of the capacitor (5) and the G pole of the controllable silicon (10); the direct current transformer (6) converts the lower output voltage of the power supply (8) into high voltage of hundreds of volts to charge the capacitor (5), the anode and the cathode of the power supply (8) are connected with the input end of the direct current transformer (6), and the anode and the cathode of the capacitor (5) are connected with the output end of the direct current transformer (6); the diode (7) is connected in parallel at two ends of the transmitting coil (3); before launching, the metal shot (1) is placed at the root of the plastic conduit (2); n transmitting coils (3) are wound on the plastic guide pipe (2) in sequence; the N capacitors (5) respectively supply power to the N transmitting coils (3); n electromagnetic relay contacts (4) are respectively connected in series between the negative electrode of the corresponding capacitor (5) and the G pole of the controllable silicon (10).
4. An electromagnetic coil emitting device for automatically adjusting initial velocity as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the singlechip in the singlechip control module judges according to target distance data measured by a radar to determine a coil needing to be electrified, and when the target distance is short, a transmitting coil close to the root of a transmitting tube is used; when the target distance is farther, a transmitting coil closer to the transmitting tube opening is used; after the transmitting coil to be used is determined, the singlechip always keeps an I/O port connected with an electromagnetic relay corresponding to the coil which cannot be used in a low level state; and calling a delay control program for the level state of the I/O port connected with the electromagnetic relay corresponding to the used coil, namely sequentially setting high levels and low levels at intervals for the I/O ports corresponding to the electromagnetic relays from the root of the transmitting tube to the pipe orifice, and sequentially powering on and powering off the coil, so that the projectile is in an acceleration state when passing through each section of coil.
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| CN201910269002.3A CN111780615A (en) | 2019-04-04 | 2019-04-04 | Electromagnetic coil emitting device capable of automatically adjusting initial speed |
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| CN201910269002.3A CN111780615A (en) | 2019-04-04 | 2019-04-04 | Electromagnetic coil emitting device capable of automatically adjusting initial speed |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112504002A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-03-16 | 浙江工业大学 | Magnetic resistance type electromagnetic gun with controllable shell acceleration distance and control method |
| CN114674175A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-06-28 | 华北电力大学 | Electromagnetic emission simulation experiment platform capable of adjusting initial contact pressure and measuring method thereof |
| CN115060113A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-16 | 广州国曜科技有限公司 | Electromagnetic emission device with initial position positioning function |
| CN115307486A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-11-08 | 清华大学 | Electromagnetic transmitter and electromagnetic transmitter |
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