CN111778925B - River channel ecological slope protection structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents
River channel ecological slope protection structure and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111778925B CN111778925B CN202010561483.8A CN202010561483A CN111778925B CN 111778925 B CN111778925 B CN 111778925B CN 202010561483 A CN202010561483 A CN 202010561483A CN 111778925 B CN111778925 B CN 111778925B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
- E02B3/123—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips mainly consisting of stone, concrete or similar stony material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
- E03F3/04—Pipes or fittings specially adapted to sewers
- E03F3/046—Open sewage channels
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Abstract
The invention relates to a river channel ecological slope protection and a construction method thereof, belonging to the technical field of river channel ecological slope protection, comprising a slope body, wherein a first slope protection structure and a second slope protection structure are sequentially arranged on the slope body from bottom to top, the first slope protection structure comprises a riprap layer and a net bag stone cage layer, the riprap layer is positioned at the bottom of the slope body, the net bag stone cage layer completely covers the riprap layer, the top of the net bag stone cage layer is paved on the slope body to be flush with the perennial water level elevation, the second slope protection structure comprises a fine stone leveling layer and a plurality of planting layers, the fine stone leveling layer is compacted and paved on the slope body, the bottom of the fine stone leveling layer is flush with the perennial water level elevation of a river channel, the planting layers comprise a plurality of transverse partition plates and vertical partition plates, the transverse partition plates and the vertical partition plates are vertically inserted and fixed with each other, an ecological bag is placed in a space formed by the adjacent transverse partition plates and the adjacent vertical partition plates, a gap is left between the adjacent planting layers to form a drainage channel, the invention has the step-by step paving according to the river channel water level, the effect of reinforcing vegetation and the body ecological connection of slope.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological river channel revetments, in particular to an ecological river channel revetments and a construction method thereof.
Background
The conventional ecological revetment of the river channel is used for maintaining the stability of the side slope and the ecological environment in a mode of combining engineering reinforcement and vegetation revetment, and the conventional ecological revetment mainly adopts some building blocks which are not mutually interlocked, so that the revetment is easy to loosen, the falling of the revetment is caused, and the stability of the side slope is threatened while the environment is damaged; in addition, some ecological revetments are cast in place by adopting concrete, so that the construction period is long, and the ecological environment can be damaged; in addition, although some ecological revetments also have interlocking, the ecological revetments are not tightly combined with the side slopes, and the ecological revetments are easy to slide integrally.
The prior Chinese patent with reference to publication number CN106894387A discloses an urban and rural river channel slope protection system, which comprises a slope protection body laid along the slope of a river channel and a baffle body laid along the edge of the river channel and positioned at the top of the slope protection body; the slope protection body is formed by paving slope protection panels, and the retaining body is formed by paving a bank protection retaining monomer and a water collecting tank in series; the slope protection panel comprises a panel body, and two groups of opposite surfaces of the panel body are provided with mutually matched buckling grooves and buckling tenons; the paving method based on the urban and rural river channel slope protection system comprises the steps of paving a cushion layer, a base layer, a leveling layer, geotextile, laying of a surrounding baffle body and laying of a slope protection body. Above-mentioned scheme can effectively intercept above-mentioned debris and get into the river course along with rainwater, the efficiency of construction is high, simple structure, later maintenance are convenient, are applicable to fields such as city and countryside water and soil conservation, ecological remediation, ecological landscape, river course bank protection engineering, bank protection transformation and slow-flow water system or the revetment area of closed water body are newly-built or are transformed.
The above prior art solutions have the following drawbacks: the device adopts the slope protection panel to spread the slope body entirely, and the vegetation is only connected with the slope body through planting the hole, and the slope body upper berth is equipped with fine aggregate compaction screed-coat, coarse aggregate compaction basic unit, and the bed course that the gravel was laid makes the vegetation hardly become the root system connecting network with the slope body, influences the ecological connection of vegetation and slope body, and the slope protection panel is whole to be spread simultaneously and has increaseed construction cost.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a river course ecological slope protection structure, which achieves the effects of paving according to the water level of a river course in a segmented manner and strengthening the ecological connection between vegetation and a slope body.
One of the above objects of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
an ecological slope protection structure for a river channel comprises a slope body, wherein a first slope protection structure and a second slope protection structure are sequentially arranged on the slope body from bottom to top, the first slope protection structure comprises a riprap layer and a net bag stone cage layer, the riprap layer is positioned at the bottom of the slope body, the net bag stone cage layer completely covers the riprap layer, the top of the net bag stone cage layer is laid on the slope body to be flush with the annual water level elevation, a plurality of anchor rods are arranged on the slope body, the anchor rods penetrate through the net bag stone cage layer and are fixedly connected with the slope body, steel bar lines are fixed on adjacent anchor rods, the second slope protection structure comprises a fine stone leveling layer and a plurality of planting layers, the fine stone leveling layer is compacted and laid on the slope body, the bottom of the fine stone leveling layer is flush with the annual water level elevation of the river channel, fine nets are laid on the fine stone leveling layer, the planting layers comprise a plurality of transverse partition plates and vertical partition plates, the transverse partition plates and the vertical partition plates are mutually vertically inserted and fixed, ecological bags are placed in spaces formed by the adjacent transverse partition plates and the adjacent vertical partition plates, thereby leave the clearance between the adjacent planting layer and form the drainage canal, thereby adjacent planting layer outside is erect the baffle and is constituteed the drainage canal promptly, adjacent planting layer outside is erect the baffle bottom and is close to the setting each other and leave the interval, erects and all seted up the through-hole on the baffle.
By adopting the technical scheme, the riprap layer is paved at the bottom of the slope body, namely the toe of the slope body, so that the protection and reinforcement effects are achieved on the toe of the slope body, and meanwhile, a huge sunken area existing on the lower part of the slope body is filled; a net bag gabion layer is laid upwards from the toe of the slope, the net bag gabion layer covers a riprap layer and is laid towards the upper side of a slope body, the top of the net bag gabion layer is flush with the annual water level elevation of a river channel region, a plurality of anchor rods are fixed on the slope body and penetrate through the net bag gabion layer, a steel rib line is fixedly arranged at the end part of an adjacent anchor rod, the net bag gabion layer is further fixed through the steel rib line, the net bag gabion layer is formed by wrapping large gravel through a net bag, gaps exist among the large gravel, underwater plants can be laid or transplanted above the net bag gabion layer subsequently, the root systems of the underwater plants can penetrate through the gaps among the large gravel to form root system ecological connection with the slope body, and the slope protection effect is enhanced; laying a fine stone leveling layer above a slope body, wherein the bottom of the fine stone leveling layer is flush with the perennial water level elevation of a river channel region, the fine stone leveling layer is formed by compacting and laying fine stone gravels and is used for leveling the surface of the slope body, a fine net is laid on the fine stone leveling layer and completely covers the fine stone leveling layer, the connectivity of the fine stone leveling layer and the slope body is further enhanced, the fine stone leveling layer is prevented from falling off, a transverse partition plate and a vertical partition plate are mutually inserted and embedded and connected and are fixed with the slope body to form a planting layer, the whole planting layer is in a field grid shape, a gap exists between adjacent planting layers, namely, the outermost vertical partition plate of the adjacent planting layers forms a drainage channel, the drainage channel is used for draining the accumulated water at the top of the slope body when the accumulated water flows into the river channel or meets the stormy weather, the phenomenon that the accumulated water flows to wash the slope body is reduced, the through holes are formed, the accumulated water at the top of the slope body or the rainwater can flow along the slope body from the top of the slope body, the excessive accumulation in the grids formed by the planting layers is avoided, the bottoms of the vertical partition plates at the outermost sides of the adjacent planting layers are close to each other and are provided with intervals, so that the bottoms of the vertical partition plates forming the drainage channels are close to each other, water flowing down from the tops of the drainage channels enters the grids formed by the planting layers through the through holes of the vertical partition plates due to the inclined arrangement mode of the vertical partition plates forming the drainage channels, then ecological bags are placed in the grids of the planting layers, grass seeds or transplanted vegetations are placed in the ecological bags, the vegetation is irrigated by the inflowing accumulated water, the vegetation grows, and the vegetation root systems penetrate through the gaps between the fine stones to form root systems with the slopes to be connected. Meanwhile, the ecological connection effect of the vegetation and the slope body is enhanced.
The invention is further configured to: the through holes in the vertical partition plates on the outermost sides of the adjacent planting layers are obliquely and downwards arranged, and the oblique direction inclines along the direction far away from the drainage channel.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, adjacent planting layer outside is erect the baffle and is constituteed two vertical lateral walls of drainage channel, and the through-hole slope sets up downwards, is convenient for follow the water that the sloping body top droops down, when following the drainage channel landing, passes the through-hole more easily to in getting into the planting layer, irrigating the vegetation in the planting layer, reach the effect of make full use of sloping body top landing ponding.
The invention is further configured to: the diaphragm plate is the same with perpendicular baffle specification, and the draw-in groove has been seted up with erecting to correspond on the baffle, erects the draw-in groove on the baffle and corresponds the inlay card with the draw-in groove on the diaphragm plate, and the diaphragm plate is kept away from a slope body terminal surface and is erected the baffle and keep away from a slope body terminal surface parallel and level, erects the baffle and is located the diaphragm plate and keeps away from slope body one side.
By adopting the technical scheme, the transverse partition plates and the vertical partition plates with the same specification are easier to process in a factory, and the transverse partition plates and the vertical partition plates are mutually inserted and embedded by the clamping grooves, so that a fixing mode between the transverse partition plates and the vertical partition plates is completed, engineering construction is facilitated, the use of fixing components is reduced, the limiting effect between the transverse partition plates and the vertical partition plates is enhanced by the arrangement of the clamping grooves, and the two formed integral bodies are more stable; the transverse partition plate is far away from a slope body end face and is parallel and level with a vertical partition plate to be far away from a slope body end face, so that the transverse partition plate and a latticed planting layer formed by the vertical partition plates are more tidy, and the attractiveness of the ecological slope protection is enhanced.
The invention is further configured to: the vertical partition plate is provided with a plurality of anchor bolts which penetrate through the vertical partition plate and are fixedly connected with the transverse partition plate.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, will insert the cross slab who inlays each other through the crab-bolt and erect the baffle and couple together, further strengthened the cross slab and erect the connectivity between the baffle, make the planting layer become a firm whole to plant the in situ plant and play the guard action, make the stable growth of plant, thereby plant roots and slope body are connected, reach the effect of strengthening vegetation and this body ecological connection of slope.
The invention is further configured to: the part slope body after fine stone screed-coat covers is the arc, and the arc convex surface is towards the river course top, is provided with along adjacent perpendicular baffle of slope body cambered surface direction and inserts the fillet, inserts the setting of fillet level, inserts the fillet and supplies to follow the adjacent packing of erecting the gap between the baffle of slope body cambered surface direction.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, slope body on the water level elevation of the year is revised to the arc by the screed-coat, curved setting, under strong wind weather, the river course forms the water wave, the water wave erodees and strikes the slope body, curved slope body complies with the water wave and erodees the direction, the impact that slows down the water wave and bring with patting, reach the effect of strengthening ecological bank protection stability, insert the strip and filled along the adjacent gap of erectting between the baffle of slope body cambered surface direction, it is more smooth complete to erect that the baffle is laid, the wholeness of this device has been strengthened.
The invention is further configured to: the vertical section of the insertion strip along the arc surface direction of the slope body and perpendicular to the length direction of the insertion strip is in an inverted trapezoid shape, and two inclined side surfaces of the insertion strip are respectively abutted to the end surfaces of the adjacent vertical partition plates along the arc surface direction of the slope body.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, inserting the mode that sets up of two relative lateral walls slopes of fillet, making insert the fillet and erect the butt of the lateral wall bigger area that the baffle is close to each other, increased and inserted the fillet and erect stability between the baffle, indirectly strengthened the fixed stability of this device, make the ecological slope protection structure that is located above the water level elevation throughout the year, have stronger shock resistance when the flood comes.
The invention is further configured to: the insertion strip is provided with a plurality of strip holes, the strip holes are located on the inclined side wall of the insertion strip and penetrate through the insertion strip, and the strip holes are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the insertion strip.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the seting up of rectangular hole, during trickling ponding or torrential rain weather on the top of the slope, the ponding of following the slop top trickling passes the through-hole and down trickles in proper order, when meetting and inserting the fillet, continue trickling downwards through the rectangular hole, the rectangular hole supplies to plant the lower stream of unnecessary ponding on the layer, avoid planting the in situ ponding too much, cause the influence to the vegetation, the normal growth of planting the in situ plant is guaranteed in seting up of rectangular hole, prevent that the root soaking phenomenon from taking place, reach the effect of strengthening vegetation and this body ecological connection of slope.
The invention is further configured to: the slope body is provided with the loading board, and the loading board sets up along river course length direction level, loading board and slope body fixed connection, and the loading board is located between fine stone screed-coat bottom and string bag gabion layer top, and the loading board is close to the lateral wall at slope body top and erects the terminal surface butt that the baffle kept away from slope body top.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the loading board plays the bearing effect to second slope protection structure as the line of demarcation of first slope protection structure and second slope protection structure, and the lower part butt of second slope protection structure is on the loading board, loading board and slope body fixed connection, have strengthened the stability of the relative slope body of second slope protection structure, have further guaranteed that second slope protection structure can not glide, guarantee the vegetation normal growth in the second slope protection structure to reach vegetation and the effect of this body ecological connection of slope.
The invention is further configured to: the lateral wall slope setting on slope body top is kept away from to the loading board, and the incline direction sets up downwards along keeping away from slope body top direction slope, and the loading board inclined plane is the arc, and the arc concave surface is towards the inside direction in river course.
By adopting the technical scheme, the side wall of the bearing plate away from the top end of the slope body is obliquely arranged, so that the contact area between the bottom of the bearing plate and the slope body is increased, and the obliquely arranged side wall enables one side of the bearing plate away from the top of the slope body to form a triangular support structure, so that the effect of enhancing the bearing capacity of the bearing plate is achieved; simultaneously the loading board inclined plane is curved mode that sets up, and at strong wind weather, the water on the river course is unrestrained along with the wind, erodees and pat the loading board, and the curved mode that sets up of loading board has complied with the washing away of river and has patted the direction, plays the cushioning effect, has prolonged the life of loading board.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a construction method of ecological river protection slope, which can achieve the effect of fast installation and saving materials.
The second purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
s1: paving a riprap layer at the bottom of the slope body, and filling the riprap layer in a large sunken area on the slope body;
s2: fixing a plurality of anchor rods into the slope body, wherein fixing holes are formed in the transverse partition plate, the vertical partition plate, the inserting insertion strip and the bearing plate, the fixing positions of the anchor rods are positioned according to a drawing, the fixing holes in the bearing plate and the anchor rods at corresponding positions are fixedly inserted and embedded, and concrete is poured into the fixing holes;
s3: determining the perennial river water level of the region, paving a net bag gabion layer upwards from the bottom of the slope body, covering the region paved with the rubble layer again, paving the top of the net bag gabion layer to the perennial water level elevation, and penetrating a anchor rod below the perennial water level elevation of the slope body through the net bag gabion layer;
s4: connecting the outer leakage end part of the adjacent anchor rod penetrating through the net bag gabion layer with a steel bar wire;
s4: paving a fine stone leveling layer on the slope body above the bearing plate, paving a fine net on the fine stone leveling layer, fixedly inserting the diaphragm plate and the anchor rod through the fixing hole, and pouring concrete in the fixing hole;
s5: correspondingly inserting and embedding the clamping grooves of the vertical partition plates and the clamping grooves of the transverse partition plates, simultaneously inserting and embedding anchor rods into the fixing holes in the vertical partition plates, and pouring concrete into the fixing holes;
s6: the ecological bags are placed in the space formed by the adjacent transverse partition plates and the adjacent vertical partition plates.
By adopting the technical scheme, the stone throwing layer adopts large gravel, raw materials are convenient to take and convenient to construct, the transverse partition plate, the vertical partition plate, the inserting insertion strip and the fixing holes formed in the bearing plate are all processed when being prefabricated in a factory, and during the construction of the river course slope protection, the prefabricated materials are directly transported from the factory to the site, so that the working efficiency is improved; fix the stock according to the drawing in advance, the cross slab that the transportation was come, erect the baffle, insert fillet and loading board and directly insert after fine stone screed-coat and fine net are laid and inlay and pour the concrete in the fixed orifices, fixed convenient and fast, the time limit for a project has been shortened, the slope protection structure of taking on the river course perennial water level elevation simultaneously is different with the slope protection structure of laying under the mark, satisfy under the prerequisite of drainage and flood fighting demand, the material that the slope protection structure used has been saved, the effect of installing fast and saving materials has been reached.
In summary, the invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the ecological slope protection structure is divided into a first slope protection structure and a second slope protection structure by taking the perennial water elevation of the river as a boundary, so that the effects of paving in sections according to the water level of the river and strengthening ecological connection of vegetation and a slope body are achieved;
2. the planting layer adopts a connecting mode of fixedly inserting and embedding the transverse partition plates and the vertical partition plates, so that the effect of quick assembly is achieved, and the construction period is saved;
3. the baffle is erected to the adjacent planting layer outside and is constituteed the drainage canal, has saved ecological slope protection structure materials, has saved construction cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the entire structure of the present embodiment;
FIG. 3 is an exploded view showing a part of the structure at the planting layer;
fig. 4 is a sectional view showing the structure of the inclined through-hole.
In the figure, 1, a slope body; 2. a first slope protection structure; 21. polishing the stone layer; 22. a string bag gabion layer; 3. a second slope protection structure; 31. fine stone leveling layer; 32. planting a layer; 321. a diaphragm plate; 322. a vertical partition plate; 4. an anchor rod; 41. a reinforcing wire; 42. a fine mesh; 5. an ecological bag; 6. a card slot; 61. a through hole; 62. a fixing hole; 63. an anchor bolt; 7. inserting a panel strip; 71. a strip hole; 8. a carrier plate; 9. a drainage channel.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, for the ecological slope protection structure of river course that this invention discloses, including the slope body 1, be provided with first slope protection structure 2 and second slope protection structure 3 on the slope body 1, first slope protection structure 2 uses the water level elevation of river course perennial as the boundary with second slope protection structure 3, follow the trend of slope body 1 and present upper and lower distribution, first slope protection structure 2 is located the water level elevation of river course perennial, second slope protection structure 3 is located the water level elevation of way perennial, guarantee that the bank protection effect is effectively implemented, on the premise that the flood fighting requirement is up to standard, this device has reached and has laid according to the water level segmentation of river course, the effect of saving slope protection structure material.
Referring to fig. 2, the first slope protection structure 2 comprises a rubble layer 21 and a string bag gabion layer 22, the rubble layer 21 is formed by stacking large-scale rubbles, the rubble layer 21 is mainly paved at the toe of the slope body 1, meanwhile, a large sunken area on the slope body 1 is filled, the rubble layer 21 plays a role in supporting and protecting the toe, the rubble layer 21 is convenient to take raw materials, the manufacturing cost is low, and the construction cost is saved; laying a string bag gabion layer 22 on the slope body 1 from bottom to top, wherein the string bag gabion layer 22 is formed by wrapping large gravel by a string bag, the string bag gabion layer 22 is laid from bottom to top along the trend of the slope body 1 and completely covers a rubble layer 21 below, the top of the string bag gabion layer 22 is laid to the perennial water level elevation of the riverway, a plurality of anchor rods 4 are fixedly arranged on the slope body 1 below the perennial water level elevation of the riverway, the anchor rods 4 penetrate through the string bag gabion layer 22, one end of each adjacent anchor rod 4, which leaks outwards, is fixedly connected with a steel bar wire 41, the steel bar wire 41 has the effect of limiting and fixing the string bag gabion layer 22, the connectivity of the string bag gabion layer 22 and the slope body 1 is enhanced, and the string bag gabion layer 22 plays a role in preventing water and soil loss; transplanting aquatic plants on the net bag gabion layer 22 after laying, because first slope protection structure 2 is big gravel and constitutes, has the clearance between the adjacent big gravel, and aquatic plants's root system contacts the slope body 1 through the clearance of adjacent big gravel on, and it is fixed with slope body 1 formation plant roots, reaches plant roots ecological connection slope body 1, plays reinforced (rfd) effect to slope body 1.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the slope body 1 is also provided with a plurality of anchor rods 4 at the upper part of the perennial water level elevation of the river channel, the fixing positions of the anchor rods 4 are determined according to construction drawings, the slope body 1 is provided with a bearing plate 8 at the perennial water level elevation of the river channel, the bearing plate 8 is horizontally arranged along the length direction of the river channel, the side wall of the bearing plate 8 close to the slope toe is obliquely arranged, the oblique direction inclines downwards along the direction far away from the top of the slope body 1, so that one side of the bearing plate 8 far away from the top of the slope body 1 is in a triangular support shape, the contact neps of the bottom of the bearing plate 8 and the slope body 1 are increased, the bearing capacity of the bearing plate 8 is enhanced, meanwhile, the oblique side wall of the bearing plate 8 is arc-shaped, the arc-shaped concave surface faces the direction of the river channel, when the weather is strong, the water in the river channel rushes along with the wind, the side wall of the bearing plate 8 is rushed by the river scour and slapped, the arc-shaped side wall, the buffer effect is achieved, and the service life of the bearing plate 8 is prolonged, seted up fixed orifices 62 on the loading board 8, fixed orifices 62 on the loading board 8 pass and correspond stock 4 to concreting in fixed orifices 62 accomplishes the fixing of loading board 8 and slope body 1, and loading board 8 provides the supporting role for second slope protection structure 3, avoids second slope protection structure 3 along the downward landing of bank protection slope, and the assurance device reaches and lays according to the river course water level segmentation, saves the effect of slope protection structure material.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the second slope protection structure 3 comprises a fine stone leveling layer 31 and a planting layer 32, the fine stone leveling layer 31 is laid to be tightly attached to the slope body 1, the slope body 1 is laid on the part above the perennial water level elevation of the river channel to be in an arc shape, the arc convex surface faces the upper part of the river channel, the upper part of the slope body 1 is laid to be in an arc shape, river water grows and washes and beats the slope body 1 in severe weather, the arc slope body 1 plays a role in buffering in compliance with the trend of river water washing, and the effect that the slope body 1 still has impact resistance after the second slope protection structure 3 is invalid is achieved; the fine net 42 is laid on the fine stone leveling layer 31, the fine net 42 has the effect of limiting and fixing the fine stone leveling layer 31, the fine stone leveling layer 31 is formed by laying and compacting fine stones, and the fine net 42 has the effect of integrally reinforcing the fine stone leveling layer 31, so that the stability of the second slope protection structure 3 is enhanced, and the effective implementation of the fine stone leveling layer 31 is ensured; the planting layer 32 comprises a vertical clapboard 322 and a transverse clapboard 321, a plurality of fixing holes 62 for fixing are also formed in the vertical clapboard 322 and the transverse clapboard 321 and are prefabricated by a factory, the vertical clapboard 322 and the transverse clapboard 321 have the same specification and size, the vertical clapboard 322 and the transverse clapboard 321 adopt an inserting and fixing assembly mode, when the factory is processed, corresponding clamping grooves 6 are formed in the vertical clapboard 322 and the transverse clapboard 321 in advance, the clamping grooves 6 are formed according to a drawing, after the transverse clapboard 321 and the vertical clapboard 322 are inserted, embedded and assembled, two horizontal end faces of the vertical clapboard 322 are flush with two horizontal end faces of the transverse clapboard 321, and the assembled ecological slope protection effect is attractive; laying a diaphragm plate 321 on the fine net 42 according to a drawing, inserting corresponding anchor rods 4 into fixing holes 62 in the diaphragm plate 321, and pouring concrete into the fixing holes 62 to complete the fixation of the diaphragm plate 321; the transverse partition plate 321 is inserted and assembled with the vertical partition plate 322, and the corresponding anchor rod 4 is inserted and assembled in the fixing hole 62 on the vertical partition plate 322, concrete is poured into the fixing holes 62 of the vertical partition plates 322 to fix the vertical partition plates 322, the transverse partition plates 321 and the vertical partition plates 322 are both arranged perpendicular to the slope body 1, a plurality of anchor bolts 63 are arranged on the vertical partition plates 322, the anchor bolts 63 penetrate through the vertical partition plates 322 and are fixedly connected with the transverse partition plates 321, the connectivity of the vertical partition plates 322 and the transverse partition plates 321 is further enhanced, the ecological bags 5 are arranged in the space formed by the adjacent transverse partition plates 321 and the adjacent vertical partition plates 322 after the picture 1 is seen, in the embodiment, only one ecological bag 5 is drawn as an indication, the ecological bags 5 are filled with seeds, thereby make the bank protection surface produce the vegetation, the root system of vegetation passes through clearance and the 1 contact of the slope body between the fine stone, makes this device reach the ecological connection bank protection of living plant root system, plays reinforced (rfd) effect to the bank protection.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, through-hole 61 has all been seted up on the vertical baffle 322, a plurality of vertical baffles 322 and a plurality of cross slab 321 constitute a slice and plant layer 32 region, it is latticed to plant layer 32 region, seting up of through-hole 61, make single grid space avoid persisting too much ponding, trickle or rainy day downpour at 1 top of slope, too much ponding can flow from through-hole 61 in the single grid, flow into next grid in proper order, plant layer 32 until flowing out, the healthy growth of vegetation in planting layer 32 has been guaranteed, it takes place to avoid the root soaking phenomenon. Gaps are reserved between the adjacent planting layers 32 to form a drainage channel 9, the outermost vertical partition plates 322 of the adjacent planting layers 32 form two channel walls of the drainage channel 9, the existing slope protection structure is fully utilized, materials of the slope protection structure are saved, the bottom ends of the outermost vertical partition plates of the adjacent planting layers 32 are arranged close to each other, so that the channel at the top of the drainage channel 9 is wide, the channel at the bottom of the drainage channel 9 is narrow, and the drainage channel 9 is arranged, so that water or rainwater flowing down from the top of the slope body 1 flows on the second slope protection structure 3 and is guided by the drainage channel 9, and the scouring of the planting layers 32 is reduced; and the through-hole 61 slope of the perpendicular baffle 322 in adjacent planting layer 32 outside sets up downwards, and the incline direction is along keeping away from the slope of drainage channel 9 direction, and when making to reduce to plant layer 32 by too much erodeing, the water in the drainage channel 9 gets into through slope through-hole 61 and plants layer 32 in, for the vegetation in planting layer 32 carries out the moisturizing, reaches the effect of guaranteeing to plant in the layer 32 and being planted by the steady growth.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the end of the vertical partition plate 322 close to the bearing plate 8 is abutted against the side wall of the bearing plate 8, along the trend of the slope body 1, the insertion strip 7 is fixedly arranged between the upper and lower adjacent vertical partition plates 322, the insertion strip 7 is also prefabricated in a factory, and is provided with a fixing hole 62, the insertion strip 7 is fixedly connected with the slope body 1, the insertion strip 7 is horizontally arranged along the length direction of the river channel, the insertion strip 7 is obliquely arranged close to the two side walls of the vertical partition plates 322, namely the bottoms of the two side walls of the insertion strip 7 close to the vertical partition plates 322 are mutually close to each other and the tops of the two side walls are mutually far away from each other, because the slope body 1 laid on the fine stone leveling layer 31 above the annual water level of the river channel is arc-shaped, a radian gap exists between the adjacent vertical partition plates 322 laid on the arc-shaped fine stone leveling layer 31, and the oblique side wall of the insertion strip 7 increases the abutting area of the side wall of the insertion strip 7 and the end surface of the adjacent vertical partition plate 322, so that the radian interval between the adjacent vertical partition plates 322 is filled more fully, the stability of the device is further enhanced; insert and seted up a plurality of rectangular holes 71 on the fillet 7, rectangular hole 71 length direction is seted up along inserting 7 slope lateral wall length direction of inlaying, there is the interval between the adjacent rectangular hole 71, rectangular hole 71 runs through and inserts 7, when trickling down unnecessary ponding in the net that planting layer 32 is constituteed, rectangular hole 71 supplies ponding to pass smoothly and inserts fillet 7, avoid inserting the discharge that the existence of inlaying strip 7 influences the unnecessary moisture of planting layer 32, guarantee to plant the plant normal growth in the layer 32, thereby make this device reach the ecological connection bank protection of living plant root system, play reinforced effect to the bank protection.
The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: laying a riprap layer 21 at the toe of a slope 1, laying a fine stone leveling layer 31 at the part of the slope 1 above the perennial water level elevation of the river, laying a string bag gabion layer 22 from bottom to top on the slope 1 until the perennial water level elevation of the river, fixing a plurality of anchor rods 4 on the slope 1, fixedly arranging a bearing plate 8 at the perennial water level elevation of the river on the slope 1 through the anchor rods 4, fixedly connecting steel wire 41 on the anchor rods 4 below the bearing plate 8 to fix the string bag gabion layer 22, laying a fine net 42 on the fine stone leveling layer 31, sequentially fixing a transverse partition plate 321, a vertical partition plate 322 and an inserting strip 7 through the anchor rods 4, placing an ecological bag 5 in a grid of a planting layer 32, transplanting vegetation or placing vegetation seeds in the ecological bag 5, transplanting aquatic plants on the string bag layer 22, growing the plants, and fixedly connecting plant roots with the slope 1 through the string bag gabion layer 22 and the fine stone leveling layer 31, reach this device and lay according to the river course water level segmentation, strengthen vegetation and 1 body ecological connection's of slope effect.
Example 2
A construction method of ecological revetment of river channel comprises the following steps:
s1: the raw material enters a field, a riprap layer 21 is laid at the bottom of the slope body 1, and meanwhile, the riprap layer 21 is filled in a large sunken area on the slope body 1 and is compacted stably;
s2: punching a hole on the slope body 1, inserting and embedding the anchor rod 4 and pouring concrete after the hole is formed, wherein the transverse partition plate 321, the vertical partition plate 322, the inserting and embedding strip 7 and the bearing plate 8 are all prefabricated in a factory and are respectively provided with a fixing hole 62, the fixing position of the anchor rod 4 is positioned according to a drawing, the fixing hole 62 on the bearing plate 8 and the anchor rod 4 at the corresponding position are inserted and embedded and fixed, and the concrete is poured in the fixing hole 62;
s3: determining the perennial river water level of the region, paving a string bag gabion layer 22 upwards from the bottom of the slope body 1, covering the region where the rubble layer 21 is paved again, paving the top of the string bag gabion layer 22 to the perennial water level elevation, and enabling the anchor rod 4 located below the perennial water level elevation of the slope body 1 to penetrate through the string bag gabion layer 22;
s4: connecting the adjacent anchor rods 4 with reinforcing steel wires 41 through the outer leakage end parts of the net bag gabion layers 22;
s4: paving a fine stone leveling layer 31 on the slope body 1 above the bearing plate 8, paving a fine net 42 on the fine stone leveling layer 31, fixedly inserting the diaphragm plate 321 and the anchor rod 4 through the fixing hole 62, and pouring concrete in the fixing hole 62;
s5: correspondingly inserting and embedding the clamping groove 6 of the vertical clapboard 322 and the clamping groove 6 of the transverse clapboard 321, inserting and embedding the fixing hole 62 of the vertical clapboard 322 and the corresponding anchor rod 4, pouring concrete in the fixing hole 62, and simultaneously inserting and embedding the fixing anchor bolt 63 at the crossing position of the vertical clapboard 322 and the transverse clapboard 321;
s6: the ecological bag 5 is placed in the space formed by the adjacent transverse partition boards 321 and the adjacent vertical partition boards 322, and vegetation is planted or vegetation seeds are sown in the ecological bag 5.
The implementation principle of the embodiment is as follows: laying a riprap layer 21 at the toe of a slope 1, fixing an anchor rod 4 on the slope 1 according to the position of a drawing, laying a fine stone leveling layer 31 at the part of the slope 1 above the perennial water level elevation of the river, laying a string bag gabion layer 22 on the slope 1 from bottom to top until the perennial water level elevation of the river, fixedly arranging a bearing plate 8 at the perennial water level elevation of the river on the slope 1 through the anchor rod 4, fixedly connecting a steel wire 41 on the anchor rod 4 below the bearing plate 8 to fix the string bag gabion layer 22, laying a fine net 42 on the fine stone leveling layer 31, sequentially fixing a transverse partition plate 321, a vertical partition plate 322 and an inserting and embedding strip 7 through the anchor rod 4, pouring concrete in a corresponding fixing hole 62, simultaneously pouring concrete at the gap between the inserting and embedding strip 7 and the vertical partition plate 322, placing an ecological bag 5 in the grid of a planting layer 32, transplanting vegetation or vegetation seeds in the ecological bag 5, transplanting aquatic plant on string bag gabion layer 22, vegetation, plant roots see through string bag gabion layer 22 and fine stone screed-coat 31 and 1 fixed connection of slope body, reach this device and lay according to the river course water level segmentation, install the effect of saving materials fast.
The embodiments of the present invention are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited by these embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the invention are covered by the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an ecological slope protection structure in river course, includes slope body (1), its characterized in that: the slope body (1) is provided with a first slope protection structure (2) and a second slope protection structure (3) in sequence from bottom to top, the first slope protection structure (2) comprises a riprap layer (21) and a net bag gabion layer (22), the riprap layer (21) is positioned at the bottom of the slope body (1), the net bag gabion layer (22) completely covers the riprap layer (21) and the top of the riprap layer is paved on the slope body (1) to be flush with the perennial water level elevation, a plurality of anchor rods (4) are arranged on the slope body (1), the anchor rods (4) penetrate through the net bag gabion layer (22) and are fixedly connected with the slope body (1), steel rib lines (41) are fixed on adjacent anchor rods (4), the second slope protection structure (3) comprises a fine stone leveling layer (31) and a plurality of planting layers (32), the fine stone leveling layer (31) is paved on the slope body (1), the bottom of the fine stone leveling layer (31) is flush with the perennial water level elevation of a river channel, and a fine net leveling layer (42) is paved on the fine stone leveling layer (31), the planting layers (32) comprise a plurality of transverse partition plates (321) and vertical partition plates (322), the transverse partition plates (321) and the vertical partition plates (322) are mutually perpendicular and are fixedly inserted, ecological bags (5) are placed in spaces formed by the adjacent transverse partition plates (321) and the adjacent vertical partition plates (322), gaps are reserved between the adjacent planting layers (32) to form drainage channels (9), namely the drainage channels (9) are formed by the outermost vertical partition plates (322) of the adjacent planting layers (32), the bottoms of the outermost vertical partition plates (322) of the adjacent planting layers (32) are mutually close to each other and are provided with intervals, and the vertical partition plates (322) are respectively provided with a through hole (61); the part of the slope body (1) covered by the fine stone leveling layer (31) is arc-shaped, the arc-shaped convex surface faces the upper part of the river channel, an inserting insertion strip (7) is arranged between the adjacent vertical partition plates (322) along the arc surface direction of the slope body (1), the inserting insertion strip (7) is horizontally arranged, and the inserting insertion strip (7) is used for filling gaps between the adjacent vertical partition plates (322) along the arc surface direction of the slope body (1); the vertical section of the insertion strip (7) along the arc surface direction of the slope body (1) and perpendicular to the length direction of the insertion strip is an inverted trapezoid, and two inclined side surfaces of the insertion strip (7) are respectively abutted with the end surfaces of the adjacent vertical partition plates (322) along the arc surface direction of the slope body (1); the insertion strip (7) is provided with a plurality of strip holes (71), the strip holes (71) are positioned on the inclined side wall of the insertion strip (7) and penetrate through the insertion strip (7), and the strip holes (71) are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the insertion strip (7); the transverse partition plate (321) and the vertical partition plate (322) are identical in specification, the transverse partition plate (321) and the vertical partition plate (322) are correspondingly provided with clamping grooves (6), the clamping grooves (6) on the vertical partition plate (322) are correspondingly clamped and embedded with the clamping grooves (6) on the transverse partition plate (321), one end face, away from the slope body (1), of the transverse partition plate (321) is flush with one end face, away from the slope body (1), of the vertical partition plate (322), and the vertical partition plate (322) is located on one side, away from the slope body (1), of the transverse partition plate (321); the slope is characterized in that a bearing plate (8) is arranged on the slope body (1), the bearing plate (8) is horizontally arranged along the length direction of a river channel, the bearing plate (8) is fixedly connected with the slope body (1), the bearing plate (8) is positioned between the bottom end of the fine stone leveling layer (31) and the top end of the string bag gabion layer (22), and the side wall, close to the top of the slope body (1), of the bearing plate (8) is abutted to the end face, far away from the top of the slope body (1), of the vertical partition plate (322); the lateral wall slope setting on slope body (1) top is kept away from in loading board (8), and the slope direction sets up downwards along keeping away from slope body (1) top direction slope, and loading board (8) inclined plane is the arc, and the arc concave surface is towards the inside direction of river course.
2. The ecological slope protection structure of river course of claim 1, characterized in that: the through holes (61) on the outermost vertical partition plates (322) of the adjacent planting layers (32) are obliquely and downwards arranged, and the oblique direction inclines along the direction far away from the drainage channel (9).
3. The ecological slope protection structure of river course of claim 1, characterized in that: the vertical partition plate (322) is provided with a plurality of anchor bolts (63), and the anchor bolts (63) penetrate through the vertical partition plate (322) and are fixedly connected with the transverse partition plate (321).
4. A construction method of a river channel ecological slope protection structure comprises the following steps:
s1: paving a riprap layer (21) at the bottom of the slope body (1), and filling the riprap layer (21) in a large sunken area on the slope body (1);
s2: fixing a plurality of anchor rods (4) into the slope body (1), wherein fixing holes (62) are formed in the transverse partition plate (321), the vertical partition plate (322), the insertion strip (7) and the bearing plate (8), the fixing positions of the anchor rods (4) are positioned according to a drawing, the fixing holes (62) in the bearing plate (8) and the anchor rods (4) at corresponding positions are fixedly inserted and embedded, and concrete is poured into the fixing holes (62);
s3: determining the perennial river water level of the region, paving a net bag gabion layer (22) upwards from the bottom of the slope body (1) and covering the region paved with the riprap layer (21) again, paving the top of the net bag gabion layer (22) to the perennial water level elevation, and enabling an anchor rod (4) located below the perennial water level elevation of the slope body (1) to penetrate through the net bag gabion layer (22);
s4: connecting the outer leakage end part of the adjacent anchor rod (4) penetrating through the net bag gabion layer (22) with a steel bar wire (41);
s4: paving a fine stone leveling layer (31) on the slope body (1) above the bearing plate (8), paving a fine net (42) on the fine stone leveling layer (31), inserting and fixing the diaphragm plate (321) and the anchor rod (4) through the fixing hole (62), and pouring concrete in the fixing hole (62);
s5: correspondingly inserting and embedding the clamping grooves (6) of the vertical partition plates (322) and the clamping grooves (6) of the transverse partition plates (321), inserting and embedding anchor rods (4) into fixing holes (62) in the vertical partition plates (322), and pouring concrete in the fixing holes (62);
s6: the ecological bag (5) is placed in the space formed by the adjacent transverse partition plates (321) and the adjacent vertical partition plates (322).
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