CN1117748A - Improved surfaces for sporting and other activities - Google Patents
Improved surfaces for sporting and other activities Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1117748A CN1117748A CN 94191166 CN94191166A CN1117748A CN 1117748 A CN1117748 A CN 1117748A CN 94191166 CN94191166 CN 94191166 CN 94191166 A CN94191166 A CN 94191166A CN 1117748 A CN1117748 A CN 1117748A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- ground
- turf
- material layer
- sand
- growth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
- E01C13/02—Foundations, e.g. with drainage or heating arrangements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
- E01C13/08—Surfaces simulating grass ; Grass-grown sports grounds
- E01C13/083—Construction of grass-grown sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating arrangements therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
An improved grass surface in which the grass is grown in a layer of material comprising sand, an organic growth supporting medium and elongate synthetic fibres, the fibres being randomly dispersed as separate individual fibres, and having an average fibre length from 5 mm to 75 mm and an sub-base for surfaces for sporting and/or other activities comprising the said material.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to be used to move and other movable ground, specifically, relate to be applicable to horsemanship, the ground of ball game such as football and golf and other stress-relieving activities.Background of invention
Be used for most of horse-ridings, especially the self-faced of horses jump is the meadow.This is lower for those utilization rates, thereby the meadow can be suitable at the large area region such as the runway of match gap recovery.But use very frequently when the meadow, such as in the training place, then the meadow especially in autumn and winter season, can be damaged, and exposes a piece mud ground.Under drying condition, these mud grounds had both easily played dirt, became very hard again, may cause unfortunate events such as tumble injury leg.
As the alternative on meadow, a large amount of man-made land faces had been used.First kind known is natural wooden fiber with the ground floor of crossing, its a kind of good ground floor of can yet be regarded as when brand-new.Yet it is a kind of natural materials, therefore can go bad in time.Therefore have to replace, and owing to cost an arm and a leg, so alternative costs are very high.Second kind of known ground floor is to adopt the PVC (cable insulation material of normally using) that minces as material.The ground that makes is very good, if but spread too deeply then ground that make seems comparatively soft, and material cost is also very high.The third known ground floor is the lime-ash that adopts from the power plant.The ground of this kind lime-ash is when new shop, and it is convenient to sluice in rainwater weather, but under drying condition, dirt is played on this kind ground easily, and can be because of the compacting hardening, after especially long-term the use.Another kind of ground floor is to adopt the oxidation silica sand, and the ground made from it is a kind of good ground at wet weather, but meets dry weather, and it is extremely unfavorable jumping on chiltern ground and landing, especially for trail riding.Therefore the subject matter of oxidation silica sand is that the cementation between the sand grains is not enough, and the ground of laying with its regards to and rides too loosely, can produce dark pitfall because of water chestnut.
The natural ground that is used for most of ball game also is the meadow.General use can be very heavy to the destruction that turf and soil texture cause, and the degree of damaging may surpass the speed of recovering.Damage is particularly evident in some zone, and as the shooting circle in football field and midfield circled regions, golf service area, in these places, turf can damage fully, and soil is pressed very solidly.Meet rainy weather, can muddyly can't bear on this impaired meadow; And the chance dry weather is then hard and rugged and rough.
Once used the artificial ground of many kinds to replace the meadow.First kind of known ground floor with mistake is commonly referred to hard porous ground floor, and its adopts the gravel/sand/clay water mixing of different proportion as material blends, is layered on usually above the drainage layer of one deck than roughage.But the buffering that provides in the face of motion is not enough thisly, and friction is too big.This ground floor material also can damage, and loses water permeability.Meet dry weather, playing ash also is a problem.
Second kind of known ground floor is the synthetic materials that is used for the simulates real turf with a kind of.It can be layered on soil or above the drainage layer that constitutes with sand or other materials.This artificial grass material can also be mixed with joint filling sand and be used.But this ground floor is laid the cost costliness, and not enough for sportsman's elasticity of falling down, its inconvenient maintenance and expense costliness.
The third known ground floor is that it uses in layer of sand with the loose fiber that combines of one deck.This layer of sand then is layered on again above the drainage layer of other materials.The inconvenient maintenance on this ground and expense high movement property can be also relatively poor.
The 4th kind of known ground one deck is layer with pitch or bonding sand or the granular material of similar material.This ground surface elastic deficiency, it is too big to rub, and the maintenance cost height is also inconvenient.
In sum, under the frayed serious occasion in surface, athletic ground, tend to without the meadow, and the various artificial ground of migrating.But owing to multiple reason, comprise the reason of aesthstic and practical aspect, preferably still use turf ground, if its anti-wear performance improved words in addition.
In BP No.2184765B, described a kind of round-the-clock ground that is used for the horsemanship telemechanical, and proposed claim.This ground is very successful in actual applications.Its ground floor material is the material that mixes with one deck sand and elongated synthetic fibers, and fiber is single being scattered in randomly in the sand, and fibre length is 25～75mm, and be stretch unconvoluted.But this ground floor Bi Jing remains the ground floor that a kind of total man makes.Summary of the invention
Now, we have developed a kind of round-the-clock turf ground of improvement, and wherein, the zone of root is fixed with synthetic fibers, is also keeping the structure of drainability and good air permeability simultaneously, have also developed a kind of for motion and other movable subbases with ground.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of turf ground of improvement is provided, its medium-height grass is to be grown in the material layer that contains sand, growth support organic media and elongated synthetic fibers, and each fiber is single being dispersed in randomly in the material layer, and fibre length is 5～75mm.
On the other hand, the present invention does not provide a kind of method that forms the turf ground of improvement, it comprises: with grass seeds broadcast sowing in, or turf is layed in, support above the material layer that organic media and elongated synthetic fibers constitute by sand, growth, each fiber is single being scattered in randomly in this material layer, and fibre length is 5～75mm.
Again on the one hand, the invention provides a kind of material for the turf growth, it contains sand, organic media and elongated synthetic fibers are supported in growth, and each fiber is single being scattered in randomly in this growth material, and fibre length is 5～75mm.
Another aspect, the invention provides and a kind ofly be used to move and/or subbase that other movable ground are used, it is the mixed material layer that one deck contains the graininess of vegetable matter or fibrous organic material, elongated synthetic fibers, each fiber is single being scattered in randomly in this material layer, and fibre length is 5～75mm.Detailed Description Of The Invention
The component of material of the present invention is sand, a kind of organic media (can be that organic media or graininess or the fibrous organic material that contains vegetable matter are supported in growth), elongated synthetic fibers.
Be applicable to that sand of the present invention can be the oxidation silica sand, or the bonding sand of water activated clay.With the bonding sand of clay of organic liquid activation, though be used to the ground of riding sometimes, usually and be not suitable for the present invention.
The oxidation silica sand is a kind of purer, argillaceous not, and with the good sand of classification of wet classification method.The sand that the water activated clay is bonding then is that wherein sand particle is covered with the water activated clay, and this layer water activating matter matter makes sand have to a certain degree adhesion strength, and the size of adhesion strength depends on the relative amount of clay and water.
The average diameter of sand grains is good with 100～1000 microns.
Produce to support that organic media can be anyly suitable can be run through therebetween graininess or fibrous material by grass roots, but preferably soil, peat, or its mixture.
If use soil, preferably select for use from the high-quality table that goes through to originate native (through sieving and/or sterilizing).Table soil provides the basic source of careless desired nutritional, and has performance of keeping humidity.
Used peat preferably also should be from approved source, and it provides the organic component of moisture-keeping function, and the source of the bacterial activity material that promotes root growth is provided at root area.
Preferably replenish soil conditioner in the growth supporting dielectric, for example a kind of soil conditioner of sea grass base (as the Alginure soil conditioner), it contains has aggtegation and microbial activity is had booster action soil, and the organic colloid of trace element is provided.
When organic medium was graininess or the fibrous organic material that contains vegetable matter, it can also be that (but not necessarily must be) supports growth.Fibrous or graininess organic material can be, for example, agron, peat or other similarly partly decompose by vegetable matter and material.
Elongated synthetic fibers are the synthesizing polymeric material fiber of ability ambient conditions preferably.Polyolefine fiber, for example polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene or their copolymer all are suitable for, and also have polyamide such as similar materials such as nylon, halogenated polymer such as PVC.
The length of fiber is 5～75mm, is preferably 10-75mm, and the best is 20～40mm.The average diameter of fiber is preferably 50～150 deniers, for example about 65 deniers.
Fiber is preferably with the polypropylene fibre that is commonly called short fiber.
The growth material layer (for the layer of grass roots growth) or the preferred thickness of subbase are 25～150mm, are the best with 50～150mm.
At least before sowing or plantation, and thereafter at set intervals, it is extraordinary adding a kind of fertilizer in the growth material layer.Contain nitrogen, the phosphorus of balance, the inorganic fertilizer of potassium (N, P, K) can join root area.For example, the fertilizer of using before the typical sowing (5,7.5,5) can join in the growth material at mix stages, perhaps sprays or spray the surface at the growth material layer on the spot.The selection of fertilizer should be taken into account the balance supply that the required main nutrition of turf normal growth is provided.
The ratio of growth material layer each component depends on the person's character of described component to a certain extent.When using the oxidation silica sand, it is preferable that its consumption accounts for 50～95 volume % of total composition, 60～85 volume % the bests.When use had the sand of water activated clay bonding, its preferable consumption was 50～95 volume % of total composition.
Support organic media as for growth, when using table soil, it is preferable that its consumption accounts for 5～50 volume % of whole growth material compositions, 5～20 volume % the bests; And when using peat, 5～25 volumes that account for composition are preferable, account for 5～15 volume % the bests.
As for subbase, its graininess or fibrous organic material component, when using table soil, it is preferable that its consumption accounts for 5～50 volume % of total material compositions, 5～20 volume % the bests; When using peat, 5～25 volume % that account for composition are preferable, account for 5～15 volume % the bests.
When using sea grass base soil conditioner, its consumption is preferably 50～100g/m
2, be more preferred from about 75g/m
2
The amount of application of fertilizer is that 10～50kg/20 ton total composition weight is preferable, for example about 25kg/20 ton total composition weight; When using on the spot, amount of application is 50～100g/m
2, 75g/m
2Better.
The percentage of synthetic fibers in all material composition is preferably 0.1～0.9 weight %, 0.25-0.5 weight % preferably, for example about 0.4 weight %.Usually, when using the oxidation silica sand, the percentage of fibers capping, and when making the bonding sand of water activated clay, take off limit.
Fiber can paintedly make the solid colour of itself and growth material, does not just see basically when using like this.
The component of growth material can be by any order or is mixed simultaneously, obtains substantially mixture uniformly.It is vital that fiber evenly and randomly is scattered in the mixture.Find, preferably sand is pre-mixed with fiber in practice and is in the same place, to obtain uniform random dispersion system.
When preparation round-the-clock turf of the present invention ground, be that turf and table earth removal are gone to the required degree of depth, replace with a growth material layer.Turf and table soil can be removed deeper and morely especially when the drainage performance difference, and a drainage basic unit is laid by elder generation before laying the growth material layer, drainage basic unit is according to common drainage works design criterion, and the rock of the crushing that laying one deck size is suitable, clean or layer of gravel are to suitable thickness.
The preparation of growth material is that it is wet to the sand when degree to get a certain amount of (common several tons), mixes with a certain amount of polypropylene fibre with Len req.Preferably selecting average particle size particle size is 100～1000 microns sand, and particle shape is garden dihedral or slightly angular shape.In the efficient mixer of for example reverse rotation type, sand is mixed with fiber, fiber is evenly spread all in the sand randomly.
The random distribution of fiber in sand can play a kind of stabilization to sand, makes sand can resist load from water chestnut etc., and the unlikely generation of its particle is moved, and has so just reduced the possibility that sand grains scatters and water chestnut is absorbed in, and has obtained firm base.Used fiber is answered long enough, can produce " crosslinked " effect, and layer of sand is being subjected to water chestnut like this, athletic pin or just can avoid mobile when the pressure of wheel automobile or apparatus etc. is arranged.
Therefore, should carefully select, make it to fall within the optimum range that is fit to required purposes for the size of sand grains, the diameter and the length of fiber.
Should use more straight fiber, because the fiber that curls is difficult for mixing the mixture that obtains " evenly ".Fibre length is most important, because it with the homogeneous mixture of sand in play crosslinked action, phenomenon is absolutely necessary and this crosslinked action is avoided scattering during for the shock load that is subjected to water chestnut, sportsman's pin or other above-mentioned apparatus (or people) at mixture.
With after fiber mixes, this mixture supports organic media and any soil conditioner and/or suitable fertilizer to be mixed together with growth again at sand.This growth material that mixes is transported to ready place, spreads extremely required thickness to obtain required ground floor performance.By each percentages of ingredients of selecting grit size and wherein mixing, can change the performance of this ground floor.
Then grass seeds is broadcasted sowing on the growth material layer by certain application rate, sowing is to look the various places condition and different, but is generally 25～35g/m
2Another kind of available way, be be grown in the used sand of growth material layer of sand of the same type on turf move and spread so far on the growth material layer.For this paving mode, preferably use so-called turf through drip washing.
Use the inventive method, discovery can prepare a kind of round-the-clock turf ground, and it is free-draining, even therefore after long-time heavy rain, water can not accumulate on the turf ground yet.It is relatively drier, not muddy that this ground can keep, and provides solid ground thereby can be motion.Find that also this turf ground is the resistance to compression reality, even when being subjected to heavy wear under wet condition, the root area of grass still can be kept good structure.Because this turf ground is the resistance to compression reality, its aeration condition has had improvement, and the growth conditions on meadow is also just very desirable, multiplies growth brioso with regard to energy health.The ground grass layer of this turf will look more abundant, and is more dense.
Preferred turf of the present invention ground, its shear resistant and stability are greatly improved.The effect of synthetic fibers resembles the extremely difficult root that damages of a group, and provides a kind of imputrescible structure at root area.It is believed that the fiber that can absorb impact and the pressure that puts on this system and prevent this distribution just of face checking, rather than grass roots.Because the grass roots protection is intact, so the regeneration of grass is very fast after winter.By the same token, this turf ground, when playing golf, even pruned more shallow one, its recovery is also very rapid.
The round-the-clock turf ground of this novelty is specially adapted to use frequent moving region, such as the trail riding field, and the shooting circle in football field and midfield circled regions and golf service area.
Preparation is used to move or the subbase on other ground, is to adopt above-mentioned same program.With sand, contain the graininess of vegetable matter or the mixture of fibrous organic material and elongated synthetic fibers, as mentioned above in shop, ready place to the required degree of depth.Can spread one deck so-called " pavement " on the subbase that forms like this, under the situation in for example tennis court or football field, this pavement can be the clay pavement.Certainly, also can use other suitable paving materials.
That the reader should note submitting simultaneously with this manual and with this manual openly for the public consult All Files, the content of all these files is all with reference to being used in this.
Disclosed whole features in this manual (comprise appended claims, summary and accompanying drawing), and/or disclosed institute in steps or method or process, can both make up by any way, those contain except the step and/or combination of features of mutual repulsion certainly.
Disclosed each feature in this manual (comprising appending claims, summary, and accompanying drawing), other features that can both be played phase homology equivalence or similar effect replace, unless clearly explain in addition.Therefore, unless clearly explain in addition, disclosed each feature all only is an example in a class equivalence or the similar characteristics.
Claims (22)
1. the turf ground of an improvement is characterized in that, its medium-height grass is to be grown in the material layer that contains sand, growth support organic media and elongated synthetic fibers, and each fiber is single being dispersed in randomly in the material layer, and fibre length is 5～75mm.
2. turf as claimed in claim 1 ground is characterized in that, used sand is the oxidation silica sand, and the average diameter of sand grains is 100～1000 microns.
3. turf as claimed in claim 1 or 2 ground is characterized in that, used growth supports that organic media is a soil, peat, or its mixture.
4. as the described turf of claim 1～3 ground, it is characterized in that wherein also having soil conditioner, preferable with the soil conditioner of sea grass base.
5. as the described turf of claim 1～4 ground, it is characterized in that the fibre length of used elongated synthetic fibers is 20～40mm.
6. as the described turf of claim 1～5 ground, it is characterized in that the average diameter of used fiber is 50～150 deniers.
7. as the described turf of claim 1～6 ground, it is characterized in that used fiber is a polypropylene fibre.
8. as the described turf of claim 1～7 ground, it is characterized in that material layer thickness is that 50～150mm is thick.
9. as the described turf of claim 1～8 ground, it is characterized in that, wherein also be added with inorganic fertilizer.
10. as the described turf of claim 1～9 ground, it is characterized in that, used the oxidation silica sand that accounts for cumulative volume 50～95% in its material layer.
11. as the described turf of claim 1～9 ground, it is characterized in that, used the bonding sand of water activated clay that accounts for cumulative volume 50～95% in its material layer.
12., it is characterized in that growth wherein supports that organic media is with the soil that accounts for material layer cumulative volume 5～15% as the described turf of claim 1～11 ground.
13., it is characterized in that growth wherein supports that organic media is with the peat that accounts for material layer cumulative volume 5～25% as the described turf of claim 1～11 ground.
14., it is characterized in that wherein adopted sea grass base soil conditioner, its consumption is calculated as 50～100g/m by the area of material layer as the described turf of claim 1～13 ground
2
15., it is characterized in that as the described turf of claim 1～14 ground, wherein adopted inorganic fertilizer, its consumption is the total material of 10～50kg/20 ton.
16., it is characterized in that the consumption of synthetic fibers is 0.1～0.9% of a total amount of material in its material layer as the described turf of claim 1～15 ground.
17., it is characterized in that the consumption of synthetic fibers is 0.25～0.5% of a material gross weight in its material layer as the described turf of claim 1～16 ground.
18. method that forms the turf ground of improvement, it is characterized in that, it comprises: with grass seeds broadcast sowing in, or turf is layed in, support organic media and above the elongated synthetic fibers constituent material layer by sand, growth, each fiber is single being scattered in randomly in this material layer, and fibre length is 5～75mm.
19. turf as claimed in claim 18 ground is characterized in that, sand and fiber are premixed in efficient mixer.
20. as claim 18 or 19 described turf ground, it is characterized in that, be mixed with soil conditioner and/or inorganic fertilizer in the growth material layer.
21. a turf growth material that is used for turf ground is characterized in that, it contains sand, organic media and elongated synthetic fibers are supported in growth, and fiber is single being scattered in randomly in the material, and fibre length is 5～75mm.
22. one kind is used to move and/or the subbase on other movable ground, it is characterized in that, it is graininess or the fibrous organic material that one deck contains sand, vegetable matter, the mixed material layer of elongated synthetic fibers, each fiber is single being scattered in randomly in this material layer, and fibre length is 5～75mm.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9302906A GB2274997B (en) | 1993-02-13 | 1993-02-13 | Improved surface for sporting and other activities |
| GB9302906.4 | 1993-02-13 | ||
| EP93202281.7 | 1993-08-02 | ||
| EP93202281A EP0616078A1 (en) | 1993-02-13 | 1993-08-02 | Improved surfaces for sporting and other activities |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1117748A true CN1117748A (en) | 1996-02-28 |
Family
ID=10730394
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 94191166 Pending CN1117748A (en) | 1993-02-13 | 1994-02-03 | Improved surfaces for sporting and other activities |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (2) | EP0616078A1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1117748A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU678433B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2155551A1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69404636T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK0690941T3 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2274997B (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ261574A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1994018394A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102966021A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-03-13 | 广州机施建设集团有限公司 | Equestrian sport field and construction process thereof |
| CN106149510A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-11-23 | 艾奇达（上海）建设工程有限公司 | A kind of cellosilk, non-woven fabrics, quartz sand mixing equestrian sport Ground |
| CN110915558A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-03-27 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Matrix for improving stability of lawn bed of playground and using method thereof |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2274997B (en) * | 1993-02-13 | 1996-02-07 | Fibresand Ltd | Improved surface for sporting and other activities |
| JP2801531B2 (en) * | 1993-09-22 | 1998-09-21 | 山陽芝生株式会社 | Lawn protection method |
| DK0700883T3 (en) * | 1994-09-07 | 1996-08-05 | Aktual Bauteile & Umweltschutz | Free-flowing soil substrate for vegetation, method of making the substrate and using it |
| AU6842998A (en) * | 1998-03-24 | 1999-10-18 | Plasticisers Limited | Artificial and semi-artificial surfaces |
| GB2342029A (en) * | 1999-09-21 | 2000-04-05 | Thierry Cabanne | Artificial surface |
| DE10329974A1 (en) * | 2003-06-28 | 2005-01-20 | Ds Deutsche Solves Gmbh | Means for suppressing dust from a top layer of a largely sandy riding terrain comprises a mixture of a water-retaining material and a fine sand added to the top layer |
| GB2405569B (en) * | 2003-09-03 | 2007-03-07 | Lindum Seeded Turf Ltd | Turf product |
| CH697148A5 (en) * | 2004-02-13 | 2008-05-30 | Isogreen S A | Material for producing a free-lining. |
| DE102007022406B3 (en) * | 2007-05-10 | 2008-08-28 | Fa. H. Cordel U. Sohn Inh. Karlheinz Cordel | Building material for use as vegetation-and base course for e.g. golf construction, has mixture of organic substance such as top soil and peat, and of sand e.g. lava sand, and artificial turf fibers loosely mixed with mixture |
| GB0711679D0 (en) * | 2007-06-16 | 2007-07-25 | Fibresand Uk Ltd | Surfaces for sporting and other activities |
| WO2010051584A1 (en) * | 2008-11-05 | 2010-05-14 | Waterford Investment Holdings Pty Limited | Artificial turf and accessories |
| CA2747152C (en) | 2008-12-15 | 2016-01-12 | Textile Management Associates, Inc. | Method of recycling synthetic turf and infill product |
| ES2741579T3 (en) | 2016-07-27 | 2020-02-11 | Cemex Res Group Ag | Soil reinforcement method using fine materials and natural fibers |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1198885A (en) * | 1967-12-05 | 1970-07-15 | American Forest Ind Ltd | Soil Conditioning and Fertilizer Composition |
| EP0174755B1 (en) * | 1984-08-25 | 1989-10-18 | Nottinghamshire County Council | Pedestrian, vehicular, or sports playing surfaces and underlays/shock pads |
| GB8619850D0 (en) * | 1985-12-14 | 1986-09-24 | Mansfield Standard Sand Co Ltd | All weather surfaces |
| GB2206611B (en) * | 1987-03-30 | 1990-11-21 | John Halliday | Reinforcing a grassed surface |
| NL8901484A (en) * | 1989-06-12 | 1991-01-02 | Heidemij Uitvoering | SPORTS FIELD WITH NATURAL GRASS AND ARTIFICIAL GRASS, AND A METHOD OF APPLICATION THEREOF. |
| IE64041B1 (en) * | 1990-06-19 | 1995-06-28 | Michael Dermot Solon | A construction of a green on a golf course |
| WO1992013138A1 (en) * | 1991-01-22 | 1992-08-06 | Frank Bowers | Recreational surface |
| US5064308A (en) * | 1991-03-15 | 1991-11-12 | Almond Daniel R | Gravity drainage system for athletic fields and method therefor |
| JPH07508325A (en) * | 1992-06-22 | 1995-09-14 | ターフ・スタビライゼーション・テクノロジーズ・インコーポレーテッド | Improved surface for sports and other uses |
| GB2274997B (en) * | 1993-02-13 | 1996-02-07 | Fibresand Ltd | Improved surface for sporting and other activities |
-
1993
- 1993-02-13 GB GB9302906A patent/GB2274997B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-08-02 EP EP93202281A patent/EP0616078A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1994
- 1994-02-03 CN CN 94191166 patent/CN1117748A/en active Pending
- 1994-02-03 CA CA 2155551 patent/CA2155551A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-02-03 DK DK94906899T patent/DK0690941T3/en active
- 1994-02-03 AU AU60384/94A patent/AU678433B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-02-03 DE DE69404636T patent/DE69404636T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-02-03 WO PCT/EP1994/000317 patent/WO1994018394A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1994-02-03 EP EP94906899A patent/EP0690941B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-02-03 NZ NZ26157494A patent/NZ261574A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102966021A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2013-03-13 | 广州机施建设集团有限公司 | Equestrian sport field and construction process thereof |
| CN102966021B (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2015-08-12 | 广州机施建设集团有限公司 | The construction technology in a kind of equestrian sport place and equestrian sport place |
| CN106149510A (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2016-11-23 | 艾奇达（上海）建设工程有限公司 | A kind of cellosilk, non-woven fabrics, quartz sand mixing equestrian sport Ground |
| CN110915558A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-03-27 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | Matrix for improving stability of lawn bed of playground and using method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK0690941T3 (en) | 1998-03-09 |
| DE69404636T2 (en) | 1998-02-12 |
| CA2155551A1 (en) | 1994-08-18 |
| WO1994018394A1 (en) | 1994-08-18 |
| AU678433B2 (en) | 1997-05-29 |
| GB2274997A (en) | 1994-08-17 |
| EP0690941B1 (en) | 1997-07-30 |
| NZ261574A (en) | 1997-03-24 |
| GB9302906D0 (en) | 1993-03-31 |
| EP0690941A1 (en) | 1996-01-10 |
| AU6038494A (en) | 1994-08-29 |
| EP0616078A1 (en) | 1994-09-21 |
| GB2274997B (en) | 1996-02-07 |
| DE69404636D1 (en) | 1997-09-04 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4819933A (en) | All weather surfaces | |
| CN1117748A (en) | Improved surfaces for sporting and other activities | |
| CN1232703C (en) | Synthetic grass with resilient granular top surface layer | |
| US5961389A (en) | Sport and recreational surface | |
| EP0775237B1 (en) | Improved surfaces for sporting and other activities | |
| EP0377925A1 (en) | Surfacing composition | |
| EP1939356B1 (en) | Covering for paths, playing and sport areas and method for manufacturing such a covering | |
| WO2008155528A1 (en) | Surfaces for sporting and other activities | |
| JP2004002681A (en) | New sand scatterproofing material and method of working the same | |
| JP5576285B2 (en) | Equestrian surface material | |
| WO2005002323A1 (en) | Grass growing superstrate and methods of use | |
| WO1999049137A1 (en) | Artificial and semi-artificial surfaces | |
| CA1300955C (en) | All weather surfaces | |
| WO2000071638A1 (en) | Composition of soil having fibers and binding substance | |
| AU595861B2 (en) | All weather surfaces | |
| JP4699711B2 (en) | Pavement structure and pavement method | |
| WO1995028451A1 (en) | Treatment of particulate surfaces | |
| JPS63265002A (en) | Skin layer of play ground | |
| AU2004253187A1 (en) | Grass growing superstrate and methods of use | |
| FR2835258A1 (en) | Substrate for the creation or renewal of turfed sports grounds comprises coconut fibers, sand, pozzolana and compost | |
| AU2209495A (en) | Treatment of particulate surfaces |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C01 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |