CN111769772A - Flux weakening control system and control method for permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents
Flux weakening control system and control method for permanent magnet synchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/0003—Control strategies in general, e.g. linear type, e.g. P, PI, PID, using robust control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/0085—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation specially adapted for high speeds, e.g. above nominal speed
- H02P21/0089—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation specially adapted for high speeds, e.g. above nominal speed using field weakening
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/14—Estimation or adaptation of machine parameters, e.g. flux, current or voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
- H02P21/22—Current control, e.g. using a current control loop
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
- H02P25/022—Synchronous motors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the type of motor
- H02P2207/05—Synchronous machines, e.g. with permanent magnets or DC excitation
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Abstract
The invention provides a flux weakening control system and a flux weakening control method for a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which relate to the technical field of motor speed regulation control and are characterized in that a flux weakening current predicted value is calculated by acquiring related motor parameters through a permanent magnet synchronous motor formula in advance, current output voltage is continuously acquired and compared with a voltage limit value to carry out flux weakening current iterative correction to obtain a flux weakening current corrected value, and a comprehensive flux weakening current set value is output according to the corrected value, the predicted value and a direct-axis current set value, so that flux weakening control of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is realized. The invention has fast response and high stability of the flux-weakening control, reduces the instability of the control system, avoids the difficulty of parameter modulation in the flux-weakening control and improves the efficiency of the flux-weakening control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motor speed regulation control, in particular to a flux weakening control system and a control method of a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
Background
With the development of the motor speed regulation control industry, the advantages of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, such as high power density and high efficiency, are increasingly applied. In the occasions requiring high-speed operation of the motor, the field weakening speed regulation performance of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is paid more and more attention.
At present, two common permanent magnet synchronous motor flux weakening control methods are available, one method is to carry out detailed calibration on torque, rotating speed and current data of a flux weakening operation area of a permanent magnet motor through an engineering calibration method, and obtain a current given interpolation table according to calibration data so as to obtain flux weakening current and torque current given values. In another mode, the output value is controlled by a current loop and is subjected to error regulation with the system output voltage limit value, and the regulated output value is used as the weak magnetic current set value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a flux weakening control system and a flux weakening control method for a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which integrally adopt a rotor flux linkage directional control mode, increase flux weakening current prediction in a flux weakening control part, analyze and budget a given value of flux weakening current according to parameters of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, simultaneously obtain a voltage amplitude according to output values of quadrature axis voltage and direct axis voltage and compare the voltage amplitude with a voltage limit value, adjust and correct the flux weakening current by using a PI (proportional integral) controller according to a comparison result, and calculate by combining the given value of the direct axis current output by an MTPA (maximum resistance power amplifier) controller to obtain a final given value of the flux weakening current, thereby improving the response speed of flux weakening control and improving the stability of the system.
The invention provides a flux weakening control method for a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises the following specific steps:
initial current given: and outputting the initial quadrature axis current set value and the initial direct axis current set value of the permanent magnet synchronous motor according to the set torque through an MTPA controller.
Weak magnetic current is given: the weak magnetic current setting comprises the following steps: predicting weak magnetic current, adjusting and correcting a weak magnetic loop and giving comprehensive current;
the weak magnetic current prediction is that a predicted value given by the weak magnetic current is obtained through analysis and calculation according to a torque instruction value, related motor parameters and an output voltage limit value;
meanwhile, the flux weakening ring is adjusted and corrected, firstly, the voltage amplitude of the current system is calculated according to quadrature axis voltage output and direct axis voltage output, the error between the voltage amplitude and the voltage limit value is calculated according to the voltage amplitude, and the error result is input into a PI (proportional integral) controller to be adjusted and corrected to obtain a flux weakening current correction value;
and (3) giving the comprehensive current, and calculating to obtain a final flux weakening current given value according to the obtained flux weakening current predicted value, the flux weakening current corrected value and the direct-axis current given value output by the MTPA controller.
And (3) outputting alternating-axis voltage and direct-axis voltage: and inputting the obtained final flux weakening current set value and direct-axis current feedback into the current controller, and simultaneously inputting quadrature-axis current set value and quadrature-axis current feedback into the current controller, wherein the current controller respectively outputs a quadrature-axis voltage output value and a direct-axis voltage output value according to an error signal generated by quadrature-axis current set value and quadrature-axis current feedback comparison and an error signal generated by direct-axis current feedback comparison by value-to-quadrature current set value.
Voltage signal processing: and carrying out coordinate transformation and PWM modulation on the obtained quadrature axis voltage output value and direct axis voltage output value to obtain a PWM modulation signal.
Driving a motor: and driving the motor to operate according to the PWM modulation signal.
Further, in the weak magnetic current prediction, motor parameters can be obtained through off-line measurement, on-line identification or estimation according to engineering data, the motor parameters comprise rotating speed, torque, rotor flux linkage, direct axis inductance, quadrature axis inductance and stator resistance, and the weak magnetic current prediction value is obtained through calculation based on the motor parameters.
Further, in the flux weakening ring adjustment correction, the output voltage limit value is determined according to the maximum output voltage of the motor drive system.
Further, a PI controller is adopted in the weak magnetic loop adjustment and correction to obtain a correction value of weak magnetic current, and the adjustment and correction process is as follows:
calculating the voltage amplitude according to the output voltage of the current loop, and comparing the voltage amplitude with a voltage limit value;
when the voltage amplitude is larger than the voltage limit value, the given value of the direct-axis current is reduced through the PI controller, the given value of the alternating-current axis is obtained based on the torque contour line, the obtained given value of the alternating-current axis and the obtained given value of the direct-axis current are input into the current controller, and iterative correction is carried out continuously in the step;
and when the voltage amplitude is smaller than the voltage limit value, circularly calculating to obtain the current voltage amplitude, and entering an idle state.
Further, in the comprehensive current giving, the quadrature axis current given value and the direct axis current given value are obtained through a rotating speed regulator or a torque-current interpolation table.
The invention also provides a flux weakening control system of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises:
MTPA controller, weak magnetic controller, current controller, PWM modulator and motor drive, the MTPA controller with weak magnetic controller respectively with current controller connects, current controller, PWM modulator and motor drive connect gradually, motor drive is connected with synchronous machine, driving motor work.
The weak magnetic control controller comprises a prediction module, a correction module and a weak magnetic current output module, wherein the prediction module and the correction module are respectively connected with the weak magnetic current output module;
the prediction module obtains and outputs a weak magnetic current prediction value according to the rotating speed, the torque, the rotor flux linkage, the alternating and direct axis inductance and the stator resistance through a prediction current calculator;
the correction module corrects the weak magnetic current according to the comparison between the amplitude value of the alternating-axis voltage output and the direct-axis voltage output and the voltage limit value through a PI controller;
the weak magnetic current output module is used for receiving a weak magnetic current predicted value, a weak magnetic current corrected value and a direct axis current set value output by the MTPA controller and outputting a final weak magnetic current set value.
The invention has the advantages that the invention distinguishes the prior art:
1. the prediction of the weak magnetic current is added in the weak magnetic control, and the final weak magnetic current given value is obtained by calculating the obtained weak magnetic current predicted value, the weak magnetic current correction value and the MTPA direct axis current given value, so that the stability of current output is improved, and the response speed of the system is improved.
2. In the process of adjusting and correcting the weak magnetic current, the voltage amplitude of the current system is compared with the voltage limit value, the giving of the direct current is corrected according to the comparison result, the giving of the alternating current is obtained through the torque contour line, the giving of the alternating current and the direct current is substituted into the current loop, only the weak magnetic current is compensated and corrected in the process of adjusting and correcting the weak magnetic current, the control adaptability is good, and the influence on the stability of the system is small. The control parameters are easy to select.
3. The motor control parameters comprise rotating speed, torque, rotor flux linkage, direct axis inductance, quadrature axis inductance, stator resistance and the like, can be obtained by off-line measurement, on-line identification or estimation according to engineering data, are easy to obtain, and avoid the problems of difficult parameter debugging in weak magnetic loop control and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the overall flux weakening control permanent magnet synchronous motor method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the flux weakening control method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the system control architecture of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the flux weakening control arrangement of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the PMSM torque-current MAP, field weakening current prediction value and correction value according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of the magnetic flux weakening current iterative correction of the present invention;
Detailed Description
In the following description, technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a flux weakening control method for a permanent magnet synchronous motor, which comprises the following specific steps as shown in fig. 1:
s1: and acquiring an initial current set value, and outputting a quadrature axis current set value and a direct axis current set value by the MTPA controller according to the torque set value of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.
S2: and calculating an error value between the quadrature axis current set value and the quadrature axis current feedback, inputting error information into the current controller, calculating the sum of the direct axis current set value and the weak magnetic current set value to obtain a comprehensive direct axis current set value, calculating an error value between the comprehensive direct axis current set value and the direct axis current feedback, and inputting the error information into the current controller.
S3: and the current controller respectively outputs a quadrature axis voltage output value and a direct axis voltage output value according to error signals generated by giving and comparing received quadrature axis and direct axis currents with respective feedback, and the obtained quadrature axis voltage output value and direct axis voltage output value are subjected to coordinate transformation and PWM modulation and then input into a motor driver to drive a motor to run.
The weak magnetic current given value is obtained in step S2 as shown in fig. 2, and the specific steps are as follows:
s21, obtaining motor parameters such as the rotating speed, the torque, the rotor flux linkage, the direct axis inductance, the quadrature axis inductance, the stator resistance and the like of the permanent magnet synchronous motor through off-line measurement in the present instance, and calculating according to the parameters through a permanent magnet synchronous motor formula to obtain the direct and direct axis current idThe formula of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is as follows:
ud=Rid-ωrLqiq
uq=Rsiq-ωr(Ldid+ψf)
wherein T iseIs an electromagnetic torque, poFor number of pole pairs, psi, of the motorfFor the rotor flux, omega, of an electric machinerIs the motor speed, RsIs the motor stator resistance, idIs a direct axis current, iqIs quadrature axis current, LdIs a direct axis inductor, LqIs a quadrature axis inductor.
S2: obtaining a quadrature axis voltage output value and a direct axis voltage output value of a current system, performing amplitude calculation, and comparing a calculation result with a voltage limit value to obtain an error amount, wherein the voltage limit value is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein u isdIs the direct-axis voltage uqIs quadrature axis voltage, UmaxIs the voltage limit.
S3: and correcting the weak magnetic current according to the obtained error amount, obtaining a weak magnetic current correction value, and calculating the weak magnetic current prediction value, the weak magnetic current correction value and the MTPA weak magnetic current given value to obtain the final weak magnetic current given value.
And the final flux weakening current set value operation is that the flux weakening current corrected value obtained by calculation is added with the flux weakening current predicted value, the direct-axis current set value output by the MTPA controller is subtracted from the added sum, and the obtained result is the final flux weakening current set value.
The correction of the weak magnetic current is that as shown in fig. 6, firstly, the voltage amplitude is calculated through the current loop output voltage, the voltage amplitude is compared with the calculated voltage limit, when the voltage amplitude is larger than the voltage limit, the direct axis current is given through the correction regulator, then the quadrature axis current is given through the torque contour line, finally, the obtained quadrature axis current and the direct axis current are given and output, and meanwhile, the system continues to perform the iterative correction cycle of the weak magnetic current; when the voltage amplitude is smaller than the voltage limit value, the method returns to the beginning of recalculating the current voltage amplitude, and is in an idle state.
As shown in fig. 5, 1 is a current limit circle, 2 is a voltage limit circle, 3 is a torque contour line, 4 is an MTPA curve, and a cross point is a weak magnetic current predicted value calculated in the weak magnetic current prediction process in this embodiment, because of inaccuracy and non-linear error of motor parameters, the obtained weak magnetic current predicted value has a certain deviation from a true value and falls outside the voltage limit circle, and therefore, it needs to be subjected to a weak magnetic current correction process to perform a minor correction adjustment, so that it falls perfectly into the voltage limit circle, and the requirement of fast and stable weak magnetic control is met.
An embodiment two of the present invention further provides a flux weakening control system of a permanent magnet synchronous motor based on the flux weakening control method of the embodiment one, as shown in fig. 3, the system includes: the current regulator comprises an MTPA controller, a flux weakening controller, a quadrature axis current feedback circuit, a direct axis current feedback circuit, a current regulator, a current controller, a PWM (pulse-width modulation) modulator and a motor driver, wherein a quadrature axis current output end of the MTPA controller and the quadrature axis current feedback circuit are connected with the current regulator, a direct axis current output end of the MTPA controller and a flux weakening controller current output end of the MTPA controller are connected with the current regulator, and the current regulator is also connected with the direct axis current feedback circuit;
the current regulator is further connected with the current controller, the PWM modulator and the motor driver are sequentially connected, and the motor driver is connected with the synchronous motor to drive the motor to work.
Wherein the flux weakening controller is used for outputting a flux weakening current setting, as shown in fig. 4, the flux weakening controller comprises: the device comprises a prediction module, a correction module and a weak magnetic current output module, wherein the prediction module and the correction module are respectively connected with the weak magnetic current output module;
the prediction module obtains and outputs a weak magnetic current prediction value through a prediction current calculator according to the rotating speed, the torque, the rotor flux linkage, the alternating and direct axis inductance and the stator resistance, and a permanent magnet synchronous motor current calculation formula is stored in the prediction current calculator;
the correction module corrects the weak magnetic current according to the comparison result of the amplitude value output by the alternating-axis voltage and the direct-axis voltage and the voltage limit value through a PI controller;
the weak magnetic current output module is used for receiving a weak magnetic current predicted value, a weak magnetic current corrected value and a direct axis current set value output by the MTPA controller and outputting a final weak magnetic current set value.
The invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification and any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed.
Claims (7)
1. A flux weakening control method for a permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts a rotor flux linkage directional control mode, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
initial current given: respectively obtaining an initial quadrature axis current set value and a direct axis current set value of the permanent magnet synchronous motor through an MTPA controller according to a given torque;
weak magnetic current is given: the weak magnetic current giving comprises weak magnetic current prediction, weak magnetic loop adjustment and correction and comprehensive current giving;
predicting the weak magnetic current: calculating to obtain a predicted value given by the weak magnetic current according to the torque instruction value, the related motor parameters and the output voltage limit value;
and adjusting and correcting the weak magnetic ring: carrying out amplitude calculation according to the output value of the current loop, and adjusting and correcting the given value of the weak magnetic current according to the error between the output value calculated according to the result and the output voltage limit value;
the integrated current is given by: and calculating according to the obtained weak magnetic current predicted value, the weak magnetic current given value and the direct axis current given value output by the MTPA controller to obtain the final weak magnetic current given value.
And (3) outputting alternating-axis voltage and direct-axis voltage: and the current controller respectively outputs a quadrature axis voltage output value and a direct axis voltage output value according to an error signal generated by comparing quadrature axis current set with quadrature axis current feedback and an error signal generated by comparing direct axis current set with direct axis current feedback.
Voltage signal processing: and carrying out coordinate transformation and PWM modulation on the obtained quadrature axis voltage output value and direct axis voltage output value to obtain a PWM modulation signal.
Driving a motor: and driving the motor to operate according to the PWM modulation signal.
2. The method for controlling flux weakening of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein in the flux weakening current prediction, motor parameters including rotation speed, torque, rotor flux linkage, direct axis inductance, quadrature axis inductance and stator resistance can be obtained by off-line measurement, on-line identification or estimation according to engineering data.
3. The flux weakening control method of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein in the adjustment correction of the flux weakening ring, the output voltage limit value is determined according to the maximum output voltage of the motor driving system.
4. The flux weakening control method of the permanent magnet synchronous motor as claimed in claim 1, wherein a PI controller is adopted in the flux weakening ring adjustment and correction to obtain a correction value of flux weakening current, and the adjustment and correction process is as follows:
calculating the voltage amplitude according to the output voltage of the current loop, and comparing the voltage amplitude with a voltage limit value;
when the voltage amplitude is larger than the voltage limit value, the given value of the direct-axis current is reduced through the PI controller, the given value of the alternating-current axis is obtained based on the torque contour line, the obtained given value of the alternating-current axis and the obtained given value of the direct-axis current are input into the current controller, and iterative correction is carried out continuously in the step;
when the voltage amplitude is smaller than the voltage limit value, the current voltage amplitude is obtained through repeated calculation.
5. The flux weakening control method of a permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, wherein in said comprehensive current giving, the quadrature axis current given value and the direct axis current given value are obtained by a rotation speed regulator or a torque-current interpolation table.
6. A flux weakening control system of a permanent magnet synchronous motor is characterized by comprising an MTPA controller, a flux weakening controller, a quadrature axis current feedback circuit, a direct axis current feedback circuit, a current regulator, a current controller, a PWM (pulse width modulation) modulator and a motor driver, wherein a quadrature axis current output end of the MTPA controller and the quadrature axis current feedback circuit are connected with the current regulator, a direct axis current output end of the MTPA controller and a current output end of the flux weakening controller are connected with the current regulator, and the current regulator is also connected with the direct axis current feedback circuit;
the current regulator is connected with the current controller, the PWM modulator and the motor driver are sequentially connected, and the motor driver is connected with the synchronous motor to drive the motor to work.
7. The flux weakening control system of the permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 6, wherein the flux weakening control controller comprises a prediction module, a correction module and a flux weakening current output module, and the prediction module and the correction module are respectively connected with the flux weakening current output module;
the prediction module obtains and outputs a weak magnetic current prediction value according to the rotating speed, the torque, the rotor flux linkage, the alternating and direct axis inductance and the stator resistance through a prediction current calculator;
the correction module corrects the weak magnetic current according to the comparison between the amplitude value of the alternating-axis voltage output and the direct-axis voltage output and the voltage limit value through a PI controller;
the weak magnetic current output module is used for receiving a weak magnetic current predicted value, a weak magnetic current corrected value and a direct axis current set value output by the MTPA controller and outputting a final weak magnetic current set value.
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CN113472259A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-01 | 深圳市英威腾交通技术有限公司 | Method, device, equipment and medium for determining traction characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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