CN111766473A - Power distribution network single-phase earth fault positioning method and system based on slope distance - Google Patents

Power distribution network single-phase earth fault positioning method and system based on slope distance Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111766473A
CN111766473A CN202010613603.4A CN202010613603A CN111766473A CN 111766473 A CN111766473 A CN 111766473A CN 202010613603 A CN202010613603 A CN 202010613603A CN 111766473 A CN111766473 A CN 111766473A
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fault
section
slope
point
phase earth
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葛珍珍
张林利
郭建民
韩金
曹玉鑫
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Jinan Rail Transit Group Co Ltd
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Jinan Rail Transit Group Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
    • G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
    • Y04S10/52—Outage or fault management, e.g. fault detection or location

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Locating Faults (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a method and a system for positioning a single-phase earth fault of a power distribution network based on a slope distance, which comprises the following steps: the amplitude and frequency difference, the construction and the comparison of characteristic quantities are utilized to distinguish the similarity of transient zero-sequence currents flowing through two sides of a section by a slope distance, so that a fault section positioning criterion is formed, and the section where the fault point is located is determined; the method can realize effective positioning of the low-current grounding fault of the power distribution system, and has wide practical application value.

Description

Power distribution network single-phase earth fault positioning method and system based on slope distance
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the technical field of power distribution network fault detection, and relates to a power distribution network single-phase earth fault positioning method and system based on slope distance.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The neutral point of the 6-35 kV power distribution network is mainly grounded by using an ungrounded point and an arc suppression coil, when a single-phase ground fault occurs in the two modes, the neutral point and the ground have large impedance, and fault current generated by grounding is small, so that the fault is called a low-current ground fault. The small fault current has little harm to equipment, and the three-phase voltage is still basically symmetrical when single-phase is grounded, thereby not influencing the normal power supply to the load, needing no protection, immediately acting to trip and removing the fault, and being capable of continuously operating for a period of time with the fault.
However, the single-phase grounding can cause the voltage to earth of a non-fault phase to rise, particularly when arc grounding faults occur, a large amount of energy can be accumulated in the continuous arcing oscillation process, arc overvoltage occurs, and researches show that the insulation level of a power distribution network can be seriously damaged when the arc overvoltage can reach more than 3 times of the rated voltage, and the accelerated degradation of the insulation is caused. Therefore, from the viewpoints of avoiding the damage of insulation caused by grounding overvoltage to cause fault expansion, reducing line power failure loss, ensuring safe and stable operation of a power distribution network and the like, the positioning of a grounding fault point is rapidly completed by an effective technical means, and the fault is conveniently and timely isolated.
According to the inventor, the traditional fault detection (line selection, positioning and ranging) method using the steady-state electric quantity has the problems of unobtrusive, unstable and even uncertain fault quantity and the like, and the reliability and the sensitivity of detection cannot be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The method and the system can realize effective positioning of the low-current ground fault of the power distribution system, and have wide practical application value.
According to some embodiments, the following technical scheme is adopted in the disclosure:
a single-phase earth fault positioning method of a power distribution network based on a slope distance comprises the following steps: and (3) utilizing the difference between the amplitude and the frequency of the transient zero-mode current of the upstream monitoring point and the transient zero-mode current of the downstream monitoring point of the fault point, constructing and comparing characteristic quantities, distinguishing the similarity of the transient zero-mode currents flowing through two sides of the section by using the slope distance, forming a fault section positioning criterion, and determining the section where the fault point is located.
As an alternative embodiment, whether a single-phase ground fault occurs is judged according to a waveform comparison numerical value of zero-sequence currents on two sides of a fault point, if the amplitude and the frequency of the transient zero-mode current of two adjacent detection points which are positioned on the same side of the fault point and are positioned on the upstream or the downstream of the fault point at the same time exceed a set value, the single-phase ground fault is determined, and fault positioning is achieved.
As an alternative embodiment, the waveform of the zero-mode current is represented in a piecewise linear manner, the number of segments is increased, and the slope distance value is kept to be monotonically increased along with the increase of the number of segments.
As an alternative embodiment, if the slope value distance calculated according to the transient zero sequence currents collected at the two sides of the detection point is greater than a threshold value, determining that the fault is in the section; otherwise, it is determined as an out-of-segment fault.
As an alternative embodiment, if a fault occurs in an outlet section, comparing transient zero-sequence currents acquired by different acquisition points at two ends of the outlet section, wherein transient zero-sequence current signals acquired at two sides of the fault point have significant differences in waveform, main resonant frequency and amplitude, calculating a slope value according to a slope calculation formula, and comparing the slope value with a set threshold, if the slope value is greater than the threshold, and then the section fails.
As an alternative embodiment, if the slope value is less than or equal to the threshold value, the transient zero sequence currents of the next section are continuously compared until the slope value of a certain section is greater than the threshold value.
A single-phase earth fault location system of a power distribution network based on slope distance comprises:
the acquisition module is configured to acquire transient zero-mode current of an upstream monitoring point of a fault point and transient zero-mode current amplitude of a downstream monitoring point;
and the fault positioning module is configured to utilize the amplitude and frequency difference between the transient zero-mode current of the upstream monitoring point and the transient zero-mode current of the downstream monitoring point of the fault point, construct and compare characteristic quantities, distinguish the similarity of the transient zero-mode currents flowing through two sides of the section by a slope distance, form a fault section positioning criterion and determine the section where the fault point is located.
As an alternative embodiment, the fault diagnosis module is further configured to judge whether a single-phase ground fault occurs according to a waveform comparison value of zero sequence currents on two sides of the fault point, and if the transient zero-mode current amplitude and the transient zero-mode current frequency of two adjacent detection points on the same side of the fault point and on the upstream or downstream of the fault point exceed set values, the single-phase ground fault is determined.
A computer readable storage medium, wherein a plurality of instructions are stored, the instructions are suitable for being loaded by a processor of a terminal device and executing the method for positioning the single-phase earth fault of the power distribution network based on the slope distance.
A terminal device comprising a processor and a computer readable storage medium, the processor being configured to implement instructions; the computer readable storage medium is used for storing a plurality of instructions, and the instructions are suitable for being loaded by a processor and executing the single-phase earth fault positioning method of the power distribution network based on the slope distance.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this disclosure is:
the method emphasizes the difference of waveform shapes and better fault tolerance, only the calculated segment slope data is transmitted to the master station, the data transmission quantity is reduced, and the communication burden is greatly reduced; and meanwhile, the method has the advantages of only needing to detect zero-mode current, not needing to detect zero-mode voltage, being easy to implement and high in detection sensitivity, and has great engineering practical application value.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure and are not to limit the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a fault equivalent network based on distributed parameters;
FIG. 2 is a single-phase earth fault transient zero-mode current distribution rule;
FIG. 3 is a sectional structure of the present embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the original sequence before and after a fault point with a slope sequence;
FIG. 5 is a comparison graph of zero mode current on both sides of a fault;
FIG. 6 is a graph comparing the original sequence with the slope sequence before and after the fault point.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present disclosure is further described with reference to the following drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
A positioning method for determining a section where a fault point is located by utilizing amplitude and frequency differences of transient zero-mode current of an upstream monitoring point and transient zero-mode current of a downstream monitoring point of the fault point, constructing and comparing characteristic quantities and based on a slope distance single-phase earth fault positioning method of a power distribution network. The method realizes effective positioning of the low-current ground fault of the power distribution system, and has wide practical application value. In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
When a single-phase earth fault occurs, a virtual voltage source which is equal in amplitude and opposite in polarity to the voltage before the fault is added to a fault point, and a fault component equivalent circuit based on distribution parameters can be obtained according to boundary conditions, as shown in fig. 1. U in the figurefThe voltage is a virtual power supply and is equal to the reverse phase voltage before the fault point fails; rfA fault point transition resistance; i.e. i0f、i1f、i2fCurrents of 0, 1 and 2 mode networks respectively; u. of0f、u1f、u2fThe voltages of the 0, 1 and 2 mode networks respectively.
The distribution rule of the transient zero-mode current of the small-current ground fault is obtained through the fault equivalent network analysis based on the distribution parameters and is shown in figure 2, wherein CsoA bus and a back power supply grounding capacitance bus; l is the arc suppression coil inductance, S is the switch, and opening S is ungrounded system, and closing S is the system that is grounded through the arc suppression coil.
If the line I has a small-current ground fault, three points M, N, P of the monitoring point have the following current relationship, and the zero-sequence current on the bus side of the line is i0M＝iS0+iⅡ0+iⅢ0；i0N＝i0M+iC1(ii) a In the formula i0MThe sum of all non-fault line zero-mode capacitance currents to ground; i.e. iC1Zero mode capacitance current to ground for the MN sector. Because the distance of the MN section line is short, the proportion of the earth capacitance current to the sum of the zero-mode capacitance currents of the non-fault lines is small, i can be ignored0N≈i0MThe zero mode current waveforms detected across the MN segment are similar.
The P point current on the load side of the fault line is i0P＝ic4And the direction of the zero sequence current is from the fault point to the load side. i.e. iC4Is OP section zero mode capacitance current to ground, the value is smaller, i0NThe value is far greater than i0PAnd the current directions are opposite, the zero-mode current waveforms of the two points of the detection point N, P are dissimilar, the waveform comparison of the zero-sequence currents at the two sides of the fault point is obtained, the two adjacent detection points which are positioned at the same side of the fault point and at the upstream or downstream of the fault point are obtained, the transient zero-mode current amplitude is close, the frequency difference is small, and the waveform similarity degree is high; the difference between the two sides of the fault point is large, the similarity of current waveforms is low, and fault positioning can be achieved based on the characteristic.
On the basis of carrying out piecewise linear representation on the signal wave, line segment trend mode parameters are added, and the limitation of common slope distance measurement is solved. When the zero-mode current generates high-frequency disturbance, the high-frequency disturbance is expressed as sudden change of multiple slopes, if the mode parameters are not introduced, the accumulated slope distance values are mutually counteracted, and the D is obviouskIt is not reasonable. The mode parameters effectively improve the similar limitation of the slope distance metric wave.
The waveform of the zero-mode current is subjected to piecewise linear representation, the segmentation number is increased, no matter how the direction or amplitude of the waveform changes, the slope distance value keeps monotonously increasing along with the increase of the segmentation amount, and the stability and the reliability of the algorithm are improved.
By a slope distance Dk(s, s') distinguishing the similarity of transient zero-sequence currents flowing through two sides of the section to form a fault section positioning criterion, as shown in fig. 3.
Respectively collecting F by fault indicators1、F2、F3Transient zero sequence current of three places. If the fault occurs at the outlet f1Section, comparison F1And F2The transient zero-sequence current signals collected from two collection points have obvious difference in waveform, main resonance frequency and amplitude, and D is calculated according to a slope calculation formulakComparing the value with a set threshold value to obtain Dk(I(F1),I(F2))>Wherein the threshold value can be obtained through a plurality of field tests, so that the section is judged to be a fault section; if the fault occurs in f2Is flowed through F1And F2The zero sequence current belongs to the same side of the fault point and flows through F1And F2The waveforms of the transient zero-sequence current signals of the two points are similar, the amplitude and the main resonant frequency are similar, and D is obtained by calculation within the signal synchronization error rangekDistance, has Dk(I(F1),I(F2))<Continue to compare F2And F3Transient zero sequence current between, Dk(I(F2),I(F3))>Whereby it can be determined that the faulty section is located at F2And F3In the meantime.
D calculated according to transient zero-sequence current collected at two sides of detection pointkIf the distance is greater than the threshold value, judging that the fault exists in the section; otherwise, it is determined as an out-of-segment fault.
If the downstream line of the fault point is short, the ratio of capacitance to ground and current of the downstream section of the fault point is small, the transient zero sequence current signal cannot be detected at the downstream, the 1 st zero sequence current signal cannot be detected is found along the line, and the section of the transient zero sequence current signal and the section of the adjacent area at the upstream is the fault section.If the fault occurs in F2And F3And F is3No zero mode current signal is detected downstream and upstream, and F1And F2D of the middle sectionk(I(F1),I(F2))<In this case, it can be determined that the failure point is at F2And F3And a middle section.
In a certain 10kV resonance grounding distribution network system, the grounding fault mode is that 4 outgoing lines are grounded through electric arcs, the capacitance current is about 45A, and the zero-mode current at the outlet of each outgoing line is obtained according to experimental wave recording data. The zero-mode current characteristics of the fault point downstream and the healthy line are the same, the healthy line zero-mode current data can be used for replacing the zero-mode current downstream of the fault point, and the primary arc grounding fault waveform is shown in figure 4.
The transient time interval is 12ms, and the slope distance result of the fault data shown in the figures 5 and 6 is calculated to be D by applying a slope positioning methodKAnd (S' S "), when the value is greater than the set threshold value 2.5820, determining that the sector is a fault sector.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present disclosure may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and so forth) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present disclosure is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the disclosure. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure, and various modifications and changes may be made to the present disclosure by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.
Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. A single-phase earth fault positioning method of a power distribution network based on slope distance is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: and (3) utilizing the difference between the amplitude and the frequency of the transient zero-mode current of the upstream monitoring point and the transient zero-mode current of the downstream monitoring point of the fault point, constructing and comparing characteristic quantities, distinguishing the similarity of the transient zero-mode currents flowing through two sides of the section by using the slope distance, forming a fault section positioning criterion, and determining the section where the fault point is located.
2. The method for positioning the single-phase earth fault of the power distribution network based on the slope distance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and judging whether a single-phase earth fault occurs according to the waveform comparison numerical values of the zero-sequence currents on two sides of the fault point, and if the amplitude and the frequency of the transient zero-mode current of two adjacent detection points which are positioned on the same side of the fault point and are positioned at the upstream or the downstream of the fault point simultaneously exceed set values, determining the single-phase earth fault and realizing fault location.
3. The method for positioning the single-phase earth fault of the power distribution network based on the slope distance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the waveform of the zero-mode current is represented in a piecewise linear mode, the segmentation quantity is increased, and the slope distance value keeps monotonous increase along with the increase of the segmentation quantity.
4. The method for positioning the single-phase earth fault of the power distribution network based on the slope distance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: judging that the fault is in the section if the slope value distance calculated according to the transient zero sequence currents collected at the two sides of the detection point is greater than a threshold value; otherwise, it is determined as an out-of-segment fault.
5. The method for positioning the single-phase earth fault of the power distribution network based on the slope distance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: if the fault occurs in the outlet section, comparing the transient zero-sequence currents collected by different collection points at two ends of the outlet section, wherein the transient zero-sequence current signals collected at two sides of the fault point have obvious difference in waveform, main resonance frequency and amplitude, calculating a slope value according to a slope calculation formula, and comparing the slope value with a set threshold value, wherein if the slope value is greater than the threshold value, and the section has the fault.
6. The method for positioning the single-phase earth fault of the power distribution network based on the slope distance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: if the slope value is smaller than or equal to the threshold value, the transient zero sequence current of the next section is continuously compared until the slope value of a certain section is larger than the threshold value.
7. A single-phase earth fault positioning system of a power distribution network based on slope distance is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the acquisition module is configured to acquire transient zero-mode current of an upstream monitoring point of a fault point and transient zero-mode current amplitude of a downstream monitoring point;
and the fault positioning module is configured to utilize the amplitude and frequency difference between the transient zero-mode current of the upstream monitoring point and the transient zero-mode current of the downstream monitoring point of the fault point, construct and compare characteristic quantities, distinguish the similarity of the transient zero-mode currents flowing through two sides of the section by a slope distance, form a fault section positioning criterion and determine the section where the fault point is located.
8. The system according to claim 7, wherein the system comprises: the fault judging module is configured to judge whether a single-phase earth fault occurs according to waveform comparison numerical values of zero-sequence currents on two sides of a fault point, and if the transient zero-mode current amplitude and the transient zero-mode current frequency of two adjacent detection points which are positioned on the same side of the fault point and on the upstream or the downstream of the fault point exceed set values, the single-phase earth fault is detected.
9. A computer-readable storage medium characterized by: a plurality of instructions are stored, wherein the instructions are suitable for being loaded by a processor of a terminal device and executing the single-phase earth fault positioning method of the power distribution network based on the slope distance in any one of claims 1-6.
10. A terminal device is characterized in that: the system comprises a processor and a computer readable storage medium, wherein the processor is used for realizing instructions; the computer readable storage medium is used for storing a plurality of instructions, and the instructions are suitable for being loaded by a processor and executing the single-phase earth fault location method of the power distribution network based on the slope distance, wherein the method is as defined in any one of claims 1 to 6.
CN202010613603.4A 2020-06-30 2020-06-30 Power distribution network single-phase earth fault positioning method and system based on slope distance Pending CN111766473A (en)

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CN112415325A (en) * 2020-10-22 2021-02-26 中国矿业大学 Single-phase earth fault section identification method based on edge calculation
CN113017628A (en) * 2021-02-04 2021-06-25 山东师范大学 Consciousness and emotion recognition method and system integrating ERP components and nonlinear features
CN113238120A (en) * 2021-05-18 2021-08-10 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Power distribution network fault position determining method based on photovoltaic power station and terminal equipment
CN113866556A (en) * 2021-09-24 2021-12-31 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 Transient wave recording type power distribution network overhead line monitoring method and system
CN114878971A (en) * 2022-05-31 2022-08-09 国网北京市电力公司 Method, device, equipment and medium for positioning fault point of power distribution network

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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112415325A (en) * 2020-10-22 2021-02-26 中国矿业大学 Single-phase earth fault section identification method based on edge calculation
CN113017628A (en) * 2021-02-04 2021-06-25 山东师范大学 Consciousness and emotion recognition method and system integrating ERP components and nonlinear features
CN113017628B (en) * 2021-02-04 2022-06-10 山东师范大学 Consciousness and emotion recognition method and system integrating ERP components and nonlinear features
CN113238120A (en) * 2021-05-18 2021-08-10 国网河北省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Power distribution network fault position determining method based on photovoltaic power station and terminal equipment
CN113866556A (en) * 2021-09-24 2021-12-31 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 Transient wave recording type power distribution network overhead line monitoring method and system
CN114878971A (en) * 2022-05-31 2022-08-09 国网北京市电力公司 Method, device, equipment and medium for positioning fault point of power distribution network
CN114878971B (en) * 2022-05-31 2024-01-30 国网北京市电力公司 Power distribution network fault point positioning method, device, equipment and medium

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