CN111765784A - Single-tube-pass floating head type heat exchanger - Google Patents
Single-tube-pass floating head type heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- CN111765784A CN111765784A CN202010511556.2A CN202010511556A CN111765784A CN 111765784 A CN111765784 A CN 111765784A CN 202010511556 A CN202010511556 A CN 202010511556A CN 111765784 A CN111765784 A CN 111765784A
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- shell
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
- F28D7/163—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing
- F28D7/1669—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing the conduit assemblies having an annular shape; the conduits being assembled around a central distribution tube
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
- F28F9/0236—Header boxes; End plates floating elements
- F28F9/0241—Header boxes; End plates floating elements floating end plates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/24—Arrangements for promoting turbulent flow of heat-exchange media, e.g. by plates
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
- F28F2009/222—Particular guide plates, baffles or deflectors, e.g. having particular orientation relative to an elongated casing or conduit
- F28F2009/226—Transversal partitions
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a single-pass floating head type heat exchanger which comprises a heat exchanger shell, a tube bundle, a central tube and a sleeve, wherein the tube bundle comprises a tube bundle shell, a floating end tube plate, a fixed end tube plate, a plurality of heat exchange tubes, a plurality of baffle plates and a plurality of baffle plate positioning pieces. The shell side medium inlet and the shell side medium outlet of the single-tube-pass floating head heat exchanger are both positioned at the upper part of the heat exchanger, and the tube side medium inlet and the tube side medium outlet are both positioned at the lower part of the heat exchanger, so that the direct connection requirement of upstream and downstream medium inlet and outlet pipelines of the heat exchanger can be met, and the problems of overlong connecting pipelines and large pipeline pressure drop of the traditional single-tube-pass floating head heat exchanger are solved; in the heat exchange process, the medium on the tube side and the medium on the shell side form reverse cross flow, so that the heat exchange efficiency can be effectively improved. In addition, the tube side medium and the shell side medium respectively flow in a single pass, the split-pass problem does not exist, the problem that the pressure drop of the tube side medium and the shell side medium of the traditional single-tube-pass floating head heat exchanger is large can be solved, and the reliability of the heat exchanger is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, in particular to a single-pass floating head heat exchanger.
Background
The tube pass number of the existing floating head type heat exchanger is usually double, such as 2 tube passes, 4 tube passes, 6 tube passes and the like, wherein a tube pass medium enters from a tube side inlet positioned in a fixed tube box, flows into the floating head tube box through a heat exchange tube, and flows backwards through one or more times of conversion flows and then flows out from a tube side outlet also positioned in the fixed tube box. The floating head type heat exchanger has the problems that because the medium on the tube side needs to change the flow direction, the pressure drop of the medium on the tube side is large, and particularly when the medium on the tube side is thick or insoluble particles exist in the medium on the tube side, the medium accumulation is easy to occur in the process of changing the flow direction, so that the problem of blocking a flow channel is caused, and the normal operation of the device is influenced.
Aiming at the problem, a single-tube pass floating head heat exchanger is invented in multiple patents at present, and is widely applied to industries such as petroleum, chemical engineering, electric power and the like. However, in the existing patent, the pipe side medium inlet and outlet are positioned at two sides of the heat exchanger, the required upstream and downstream connecting pipelines are long, the device is difficult to arrange, and the pipeline pressure drop is large. For example, the application No. 201210195189.5 discloses a tube pass expansion type single-tube pass heat exchanger, which is a single-tube pass floating head type heat exchanger, wherein a tube pass medium outlet is arranged on a floating head tube box end socket. The tube pass medium outlet is connected with a fixed connecting piece 13 arranged on the shell through a tube pass outlet connecting flange 12, and the tube pass medium is led out of the heat exchanger. Although the heat exchanger solves the problem that the medium on the tube side of the floating head type heat exchanger needs to change the flow direction, the tube side inlet and the tube side outlet are positioned at two ends of the heat exchanger, and the problems that the required upstream and downstream pipelines are too long, the device is difficult to arrange, and the pressure drop of the pipelines is large still exist. In addition, the floating head heat exchangers disclosed in application numbers 201320508279.5, 201420356813.X, 201510003798.X, 201420591577.X, and the like have the same problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects of the prior art, the single-tube-pass floating head type heat exchanger is provided, the heat exchanger can meet the requirement of direct connection of pipelines of upstream and downstream media inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger, and is high in heat exchange efficiency and good in reliability.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a single-pass floating head type heat exchanger comprises a heat exchanger shell, a tube bundle, a central tube and a sleeve, wherein the tube bundle comprises a tube bundle shell, a floating end tube plate, a fixed end tube plate, a plurality of heat exchange tubes, a plurality of baffle plates and a plurality of baffle plate positioning pieces, the floating end tube plate and the fixed end tube plate are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the tube bundle shell, the floating end tube plate and the fixed end tube plate are enclosed to form a heat exchange cavity, the plurality of baffle plates are installed in the heat exchange cavity through the baffle plate positioning pieces, the plurality of heat exchange tubes are respectively and vertically installed in the heat exchange cavity, the upper end and the lower end of each heat exchange tube are respectively fixed on the floating end tube plate and the fixed end tube plate, the inner cavity of the heat exchanger shell comprises an upper cavity, the tube bundle shell is arranged in the middle cavity, a first annular space is formed between the heat exchanger shell and the tube bundle shell, the first annular space is not communicated with the lower cavity, a tube side medium inlet is arranged at the lower part of the side wall of the heat exchanger shell, the tube side medium inlet, the first annular space and the upper cavity are sequentially communicated, the upper cavity is communicated with the lower cavity through the heat exchange tubes, a tube side medium outlet communicated with the lower cavity is arranged at the bottom wall of the heat exchanger shell, a floating end tube plate is provided with a central hole, the lower end of the central tube penetrates through the top wall of the heat exchanger shell and the central hole to extend into the bottom of the heat exchange cavity, the upper end of the central tube is exposed out of the heat exchanger shell, and an annular gap is formed between the floating end tube plate and the central tube, the sleeve is sleeved on the upper portion of the central tube, the upper portion of the sleeve penetrates through and is fixed to the upper end of the heat exchanger shell, the lower end of the sleeve is welded on the floating end tube plate, a second annular space is formed between the sleeve and the upper portion of the central tube, the second annular space is not communicated with the upper cavity, a shell side medium outlet is formed in the side wall of the sleeve, a shell side medium inlet is formed in the top end of the central tube, and the shell side medium inlet, an inner hole of the central tube, a heat exchange cavity, an annular gap, the second annular space and the shell side medium outlet are sequentially communicated.
When the single-tube-pass floating-head heat exchanger works, a shell side medium enters the heat exchanger from a shell side medium inlet positioned at the upper part of the heat exchanger, and a tube side medium enters the heat exchanger from a tube side medium inlet positioned at the lower part of a shell of the heat exchanger. The shell side medium flows downwards in the inner hole of the central tube, flows out from the bottom end of the central tube, enters the heat exchange cavity on the shell side, flows upwards after being baffled by the baffle plates from bottom to top, and exchanges heat with the tube side medium flowing from top to bottom in the heat exchange tubes in the process, flows into the second annular space through the annular gap between the floating end tube plate and the central tube and flows out from the shell side medium outlet; meanwhile, a tube side medium flows upwards through a first annular space between the heat exchanger shell and the tube bundle shell, enters an upper cavity of the heat exchanger shell, enters the heat exchange tubes from the upper ends of the heat exchange tubes, flows from top to bottom inside the heat exchange tubes, exchanges heat with a shell side medium flowing from bottom to top outside the heat exchange tubes in the process, flows out from the lower ends of the heat exchange tubes, and flows out from a tube side medium outlet after being gathered in a lower cavity of the heat exchanger shell.
According to the single-tube-pass floating head type heat exchanger, the shell side medium inlet and the shell side medium outlet are both positioned at the upper part of the heat exchanger, and the tube side medium inlet and the tube side medium outlet are both positioned at the lower part of the heat exchanger, so that the requirement of direct connection of upstream and downstream medium inlet and outlet pipelines of the heat exchanger can be met, and the problems of overlong connecting pipelines and large pipeline pressure drop of the traditional single-tube-pass floating head type heat exchanger are solved.
In the working process of the single-tube-pass floating head heat exchanger, a shell side medium flows into the bottom of a tube bundle through a sleeve, and flows upwards after being baffled by a plurality of baffle plates in sequence; the tube side medium enters the plurality of heat exchange tubes after passing through the first annular space, flows downwards in the plurality of heat exchange tubes and exchanges heat with the shell side medium. In the heat exchange process, the medium on the tube side and the medium on the shell side form reverse cross flow, so that the heat exchange efficiency can be effectively improved. In addition, the tube side medium and the shell side medium respectively flow in a single pass, the split-pass problem does not exist, the problems that the pressure drop of the tube side medium and the shell side medium is large and the tube side medium and the shell side medium are easy to block in the traditional multi-tube-pass floating head heat exchanger can be solved, and the reliability of the heat exchanger is improved.
Preferably, the heat exchanger shell is composed of a first shell and a second shell which are stacked up and down, the upper cavity and the middle cavity are vertically arranged on the inner side of the first shell, the lower cavity is arranged on the inner side of the second shell, a first flange is arranged at the bottom of the first shell, a second flange is arranged at the top of the second shell, the first flange is stacked on the second flange, the first flange and the second flange are fixedly connected through a plurality of bolts, the inner peripheral edge of the first flange extends into the lower cavity, the outer peripheral edge of the fixed end tube plate is stacked on the inner peripheral edge of the first flange, the outer peripheral edge of the fixed end tube plate is fixedly connected with the inner peripheral edge of the first flange through bolts, and the first annular space is formed by the inner surface of the heat exchanger shell, The outer surface of the tube bundle shell and the upper surface of the inner peripheral edge of the first flange are encircled, and the fixed end tube plate and the inner peripheral edge of the first flange separate the first annular space from the lower cavity. In the pressure test process of the heat exchange cavity, the reliability of the connecting joint between the heat exchange tube and the fixed end tube plate can be checked by loosening the second flange. In addition, the inner periphery of the first flange also plays a role in supporting the tube bundle, so that the tube bundle is more reliably installed.
Preferably, the middle part of the fixed end tube plate is provided with a vertically communicated drain port, and the bottom of the drain port is provided with a first mating flange cover. After the pressure test of the heat exchange cavity is finished, the first mating flange cover is opened, so that the pressure test liquid in the cavity can be completely discharged. Under the operating condition, the exhaust port is kept closed to separate the heat exchange cavity from the lower cavity.
Preferably, a third flange is fixed at the top end of the sleeve, a second companion flange cover is superposed on the upper side of the third flange and fixedly connected with the third flange through bolts, the second companion flange cover is sleeved and fixed on the outer side of the central tube, and a fourth flange is fixed at the top end of the central tube. When the device is overhauled, the flange cover is loosened, the central pipe can be integrally drawn out, the high-pressure water gun is inserted into the heat exchange cavity through the sleeve to wash and remove scale of the pipe bundle, and the sewage generated by washing is discharged through the cleaning port.
Under the action of the temperature difference of the shell side, a larger axial expansion difference exists between the tube side and the shell side, and the expansion difference can cause the breakage of the connection joints of the heat exchange tube and the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate and other connection joints connected with the upper tube plate, so that medium leakage, integral failure of the heat exchanger and even accidents are caused. In the present invention, it is preferable that the sleeve is provided with an expansion joint, and the expansion joint is located inside the heat exchanger shell. The expansion joint is used for absorbing the axial expansion difference caused by the shell side temperature difference of the tube, and the reliability of the heat exchanger is further improved. And because the expansion joint is located the inside of heat exchanger shell, bear the combined action of tube side pressure and shell side pressure, therefore the pressure that the expansion joint actually bore is the difference between tube side pressure and shell side pressure, is generally less than shell side pressure value to can effectively protect the expansion joint. Even if the expansion joint fails, the shell side medium only leaks into the heat exchanger shell through the sleeve, but does not leak into the space outside the heat exchanger shell, so that accidents are avoided.
Preferably, a manhole is arranged at the upper end of the heat exchanger shell. In the pressure test process of the heat exchange cavity, the reliability of a connecting joint between the heat exchange tube in the heat exchange cavity and the floating end tube plate can be checked through the manhole.
Preferably, the cross sections of the plurality of baffle plates, the heat exchanger shell, the tube bundle shell, the floating end tube plate, the central tube and the sleeve are all circular, each baffle plate comprises a plurality of first baffle plates and a plurality of second baffle plates, the outer diameter of each first baffle plate is smaller than the inner diameter of the tube bundle shell, the inner diameter of each first baffle plate is equal to the outer diameter of the central tube, the outer diameter of each second baffle plate is equal to the inner diameter of the tube bundle shell, the inner diameter of each second baffle plate is larger than the outer diameter of the central tube, the plurality of first baffle plates and the plurality of second baffle plates are alternately arranged from top to bottom in sequence, the plurality of first baffle plates and the plurality of second baffle plates are respectively sleeved on the outer side of the central tube, and the plurality of heat exchange tubes are respectively arranged on the plurality of first baffle plates and the plurality of second baffle plates in a penetrating manner, the first baffle plates and the second baffle plates are respectively fixed on the baffle plate positioning pieces which are vertically arranged, and the lower ends of the baffle plate positioning pieces are respectively fixed on the fixed end tube plate. The design of the plurality of baffle plates can ensure the baffling effect and the heat exchange effect on the shell side medium.
Furthermore, the heat exchange tubes are arranged around the central line of the tube bundle shell in a multi-circle heat exchange tube mode, each circle of heat exchange tubes comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes which are arranged in a concentric circle when viewed from the cross section of the tube bundle, and the number of the heat exchange tubes contained in each circle of heat exchange tubes is sequentially increased along the radial direction outwards of the cross section of the tube bundle. The layout design of the heat exchange tubes can improve the distribution uniformity of the tube side medium and the shell side medium in the heat exchanger, and can distribute the heat exchange tubes in multiple rows as much as possible to increase the heat exchange area.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: according to the single-tube-pass floating head type heat exchanger, the shell side medium inlet and the shell side medium outlet are both positioned at the upper part of the heat exchanger, and the tube side medium inlet and the tube side medium outlet are both positioned at the lower part of the heat exchanger, so that the requirement of direct connection of upstream and downstream medium inlet and outlet pipelines of the heat exchanger can be met, and the problems of overlong connecting pipelines and large pipeline pressure drop of the traditional single-tube-pass floating head type heat exchanger are solved. In the working process of the single-tube-pass floating head heat exchanger, a shell side medium flows into the bottom of the tube bundle through the central tube, and flows upwards after being baffled by the plurality of baffle plates in sequence; the tube side medium enters the plurality of heat exchange tubes after passing through the first annular space, flows downwards in the plurality of heat exchange tubes and exchanges heat with the shell side medium. In the heat exchange process, the medium on the tube side and the medium on the shell side form reverse cross flow, so that the heat exchange efficiency can be effectively improved. In addition, the tube side medium and the shell side medium respectively flow in a single pass, the split-pass problem does not exist, the problem that the pressure drop of the tube side medium and the shell side medium of the traditional single-tube-pass floating head heat exchanger is large can be solved, and the reliability of the heat exchanger is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-pass floating head heat exchanger in an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a tube bundle in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of heat exchange tubes in the example;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow diagram of a shell-side medium and a tube-side medium in the working process of the single-tube-pass floating head heat exchanger in the embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
The single-pass floating-head heat exchanger of embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, includes a heat exchanger shell, a tube bundle 2, a central tube 3 and a casing 4, the tube bundle 2 includes a tube bundle shell 21, a floating end tube plate 22, a fixed end tube plate 23, a plurality of heat exchange tubes 24, a plurality of baffle plates and a plurality of baffle plate positioning pieces 26, the floating end tube plate 22 and the fixed end tube plate 23 are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the tube bundle shell 21, the floating end tube plate 22 and the fixed end tube plate 23 enclose a heat exchange cavity 27, the plurality of baffle plates are installed in the heat exchange cavity 27 through the plurality of baffle plate positioning pieces 26, the plurality of heat exchange tubes 24 are respectively installed in the heat exchange cavity 27 vertically, the upper end and the lower end of each heat exchange tube 24 are respectively fixed on the floating end tube, The heat exchanger comprises a middle cavity and a lower cavity 12, a tube bundle shell 21 is arranged in the middle cavity, a first annular space 13 is formed between a heat exchanger shell and the tube bundle shell 21, the first annular space 13 is not communicated with the lower cavity 12, a tube side medium inlet 14 is arranged at the lower part of the side wall of the heat exchanger shell, the tube side medium inlet 14, the first annular space 13 and an upper cavity 11 are sequentially communicated, the upper cavity 11 is communicated with the lower cavity 12 through a plurality of heat exchange tubes 24, a tube side medium outlet 15 communicated with the lower cavity 12 is arranged at the bottom wall of the heat exchanger shell, a floating end tube plate 22 is provided with a central hole 28, the lower end of a central tube 3 penetrates through the top wall and the central hole 28 of the heat exchanger shell and extends into the bottom of a heat exchange cavity 27, the upper end of the central tube 3 is exposed out of the heat exchanger shell, an annular, the upper part of the sleeve 4 penetrates through and is fixed at the upper end of the heat exchanger shell, the lower end of the sleeve 4 is welded on the floating end tube plate 22, an expansion joint 41 is arranged on the sleeve 4, the expansion joint 41 is positioned on the inner side of the heat exchanger shell, a second annular space 42 is formed between the sleeve 4 and the upper part of the central tube 3, the second annular space 42 is not communicated with the upper cavity 11, a shell side medium outlet 43 is arranged on the side wall of the sleeve 4, a shell side medium inlet 31 is arranged at the top end of the central tube 3, and the shell side medium inlet 31, the inner hole of the central tube 3, the heat exchange cavity 27, the annular gap 29, the second annular space 42 and the shell.
In embodiment 1, the heat exchanger shell is composed of a first shell 6 and a second shell 7 which are stacked up and down, an upper cavity 11 and a middle cavity are disposed up and down inside the first shell 6, a lower cavity 12 is disposed inside the second shell 7, a first flange 51 is disposed at the bottom of the first shell 6, a second flange 52 is disposed at the top of the second shell 7, the first flange 51 is stacked on the second flange 52, the first flange 51 and the second flange 52 are fixedly connected by a plurality of bolts, an inner circumferential edge of the first flange 51 extends into the lower cavity 12, an outer circumferential edge of the fixed end tube plate 23 is stacked on an inner circumferential edge of the first flange 51, an outer circumferential edge of the fixed end tube plate 23 is fixedly connected with the inner circumferential edge of the first flange 51 by bolts, a first annular space 13 is defined by an inner surface of the heat exchanger shell, an outer surface of the tube bundle shell 21 and an upper surface of the inner circumferential edge of the first flange 51, and the first annular space 13 is separated from the lower cavity 12 by the inner circumferential edge of the fixed end plate 23 and the first flange 51; the middle part of the fixed end tube plate 23 is provided with a vertically communicated drain port 20, and the bottom of the drain port 20 is provided with a first mating flange cover 53; a third flange 54 is fixed at the top end of the sleeve 4, a second mating flange cover 55 is superposed on the upper side of the third flange 54 and fixedly connected with the third flange through bolts, the second mating flange cover 55 is sleeved and fixed at the outer side of the central tube 3, and a fourth flange 56 is fixed at the top end of the central tube 3.
The single-pass floating head heat exchanger of embodiment 2 is different from embodiment 1 in that the cross sections of the plurality of baffle plates, the heat exchanger shell, the tube bundle shell 21, the floating end tube plate 22, the central tube 3 and the casing 4 are all circular, the plurality of baffle plates include a plurality of first baffle plates 251 and a plurality of second baffle plates 252, the outer diameter of each first baffle plate 251 is smaller than the inner diameter of the tube bundle shell 21, the inner diameter of each first baffle plate 251 is equal to the outer diameter of the central tube 3, the outer diameter of each second baffle plate 252 is equal to the inner diameter of the tube bundle shell 21, the inner diameter of each second baffle plate 252 is larger than the outer diameter of the central tube 3, the plurality of first baffle plates 251 and the plurality of second baffle plates 252 are sequentially and alternately arranged from top to bottom, the plurality of first baffle plates 251 and the plurality of second baffle plates 252 are respectively sleeved on the outer sides of the central tube 3, the, the first baffle plates 251 and the second baffle plates 252 are fixed to the baffle plate positioning members 26, which are vertically installed, and the lower ends of the baffle plate positioning members 26 are fixed to the fixed end tube plate 23.
In embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 3, a plurality of heat exchange tubes 24 are arranged in a plurality of turns around the center line of the tube bundle shell 21, each turn of the heat exchange tubes includes a plurality of heat exchange tubes 24 arranged in concentric circles as viewed from the cross section of the tube bundle 2, and the number of the heat exchange tubes 24 included in each turn increases outward in the radial direction of the cross section of the tube bundle 2.
The schematic flow direction of the shell-side medium and the tube-side medium in the operation process of the single-tube-pass floating head heat exchanger is shown in fig. 4 (the manhole 7 and the drain 20 are not shown), in fig. 4, the solid arrows indicate the flow direction of the shell-side medium, and the hollow arrows indicate the flow direction of the tube-side medium, specifically:
(1) the shell side medium enters the heat exchanger from the upper end of the central tube, flows downwards in the inner hole of the central tube 3, flows out from the bottom end of the central tube 3, enters the heat exchange cavity 27 on the shell side, flows upwards after being baffled by the plurality of baffle plates from bottom to top, and exchanges heat with the tube side medium flowing from top to bottom in the plurality of heat exchange tubes 24 in the process, flows into the second annular space 42 through the annular gap 29 between the floating end tube plate 22 and the central tube 3, and flows out from the shell side medium outlet 43;
(2) the medium on the tube side enters the heat exchanger from a tube side medium inlet 14 positioned at the lower part of the heat exchanger shell, flows upwards through a first annular space 13 between the heat exchanger shell and the tube bundle shell 21, enters an upper cavity 11 of the heat exchanger shell, enters the plurality of heat exchange tubes 24 from the upper ends of the plurality of heat exchange tubes 24, flows from top to bottom inside the plurality of heat exchange tubes 24, exchanges heat with the medium on the shell side flowing from bottom to top outside the plurality of heat exchange tubes 24 in the process, flows out from the lower ends of the plurality of heat exchange tubes 24, and flows out from a tube side medium outlet 15 after being gathered in a lower cavity 12 of the heat exchanger shell.
In practical applications, it is also possible to interchange the tube-side medium inlet 14 with the tube-side medium outlet 15, i.e. 16 as tube-side medium inlet and 15 as tube-side medium outlet, and to interchange the shell-side medium inlet 31 with the shell-side medium outlet 43, i.e. 43 as shell-side medium inlet 31 as shell-side medium outlet, so that the flow directions of the shell-side medium and the tube-side medium, respectively, are opposite to the directions indicated by the arrows in fig. 4.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a single pass floating head heat exchanger, its characterized in that includes heat exchanger shell, tube bank, center tube and sleeve pipe, the tube bank include tube bank shell, float end tube sheet, stiff end tube sheet, many heat exchange tubes, polylith baffling board and many baffling board setting elements, float end tube sheet with the stiff end tube sheet fix respectively the upper end and the lower extreme of tube bank shell, float end tube sheet and stiff end tube sheet enclose into the heat transfer chamber, the polylith baffling board pass through many baffling board setting elements install the heat transfer intracavity, many heat exchange tubes install respectively upright in the heat transfer intracavity, every the upper end and the lower extreme of heat exchange tube fix respectively float end tube sheet with the tube sheet of stiff end on, the inner chamber of heat exchanger shell including set gradually upper portion cavity from top to bottom, center tube and sleeve pipe, The heat exchanger comprises a middle cavity and a lower cavity, wherein a tube bundle shell is arranged in the middle cavity, a first annular space is formed between a heat exchanger shell and the tube bundle shell, the first annular space is not communicated with the lower cavity, a tube side medium inlet is arranged at the lower part of the side wall of the heat exchanger shell, the tube side medium inlet, the first annular space and the upper cavity are sequentially communicated, the upper cavity is communicated with the lower cavity through a plurality of heat exchange tubes, a tube side medium outlet communicated with the lower cavity is arranged at the bottom wall of the heat exchanger shell, a floating end tube plate is provided with a central hole, the lower end of a central tube penetrates through the top wall of the heat exchanger shell and the central hole to extend into the bottom of the heat exchange cavity, and the upper end of the central tube is exposed out of the heat exchanger shell, the heat exchanger comprises a shell side medium inlet, a shell side medium outlet, a shell side medium inlet, a heat exchange cavity, an annular gap, a second annular space and a shell side medium outlet, wherein the shell side medium inlet, an inner hole of the central tube, the heat exchange cavity, the annular gap, the second annular space and the shell side medium outlet are communicated in sequence.
2. A single-tube-pass floating head heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchanger shell is composed of a first shell and a second shell which are stacked up and down, the upper chamber and the middle chamber are disposed up and down inside the first shell, the lower chamber is disposed inside the second shell, a first flange is disposed at the bottom of the first shell, a second flange is disposed at the top of the second shell, the first flange is stacked on the second flange, the first flange and the second flange are fixedly connected through a plurality of bolts, the inner periphery of the first flange extends into the lower chamber, the outer periphery of the fixed end tube plate is stacked on the inner periphery of the first flange, the outer periphery of the fixed end tube plate is fixedly connected with the inner periphery of the first flange through bolts, the first annular space is defined by the inner surface of the heat exchanger shell, the outer surface of the tube bundle shell and the upper surface of the inner peripheral edge of the first flange, and the fixed end tube plate and the inner peripheral edge of the first flange separate the first annular space from the lower cavity.
3. The single-tube-pass floating-head heat exchanger according to claim 2, wherein a vertically-communicated drain port is formed in the middle of the fixed end tube plate, and a first mating flange cover is mounted at the bottom of the drain port.
4. The single-pass floating-head heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein a third flange is fixed to the top end of the sleeve, a second mating flange cover is stacked on the upper side of the third flange and fixedly connected to the upper side of the third flange through bolts, the second mating flange cover is sleeved and fixed to the outer side of the central tube, and a fourth flange is fixed to the top end of the central tube.
5. A single-pass floating head heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein an expansion joint is provided on the casing, said expansion joint being located inside the heat exchanger shell.
6. A single-pass floating head heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein a manhole is provided at an upper end of the heat exchanger shell.
7. The single-pass floating-head heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sections of the plurality of baffle plates, the heat exchanger shell, the tube bundle shell, the floating end tube plate, the central tube and the casing are all circular, the plurality of baffle plates comprise a plurality of first baffle plates and a plurality of second baffle plates, the outer diameter of each first baffle plate is smaller than the inner diameter of the tube bundle shell, the inner diameter of each first baffle plate is equal to the outer diameter of the central tube, the outer diameter of each second baffle plate is equal to the inner diameter of the tube bundle shell, the inner diameter of each second baffle plate is larger than the outer diameter of the central tube, the plurality of first baffle plates and the plurality of second baffle plates are alternately arranged from top to bottom, the plurality of first baffle plates and the plurality of second baffle plates are respectively sleeved on the outer side of the central tube, the heat exchange tubes are respectively arranged on the first baffle plates and the second baffle plates in a penetrating way, the first baffle plates and the second baffle plates are respectively fixed on the baffle plate positioning pieces which are vertically arranged, and the lower ends of the baffle plate positioning pieces are respectively fixed on the fixed end tube plate.
8. The single-pass floating head heat exchanger according to claim 7, wherein the plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged around the center line of the tube bundle shell in the form of a plurality of circles of heat exchange tubes, each circle of heat exchange tubes comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes arranged in concentric circles when viewed from the cross section of the tube bundle, and the number of the heat exchange tubes contained in each circle of heat exchange tubes is sequentially increased along the radial direction of the cross section of the tube bundle.
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| CN202010511556.2A CN111765784B (en) | 2020-06-08 | 2020-06-08 | Single-tube-pass floating head type heat exchanger |
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| CN202010511556.2A CN111765784B (en) | 2020-06-08 | 2020-06-08 | Single-tube-pass floating head type heat exchanger |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112432524A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-02 | 中石化宁波工程有限公司 | Detachable single-tube-pass floating head type heat exchanger |
| CN113878312A (en) * | 2021-11-01 | 2022-01-04 | 新昌县长城空调部件股份有限公司 | Automobile air conditioner coaxial pipe and processing method thereof |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN111765784B (en) | 2021-11-30 |
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