CN111762590B - Automatic loading machine - Google Patents
Automatic loading machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN111762590B CN111762590B CN202010617112.7A CN202010617112A CN111762590B CN 111762590 B CN111762590 B CN 111762590B CN 202010617112 A CN202010617112 A CN 202010617112A CN 111762590 B CN111762590 B CN 111762590B
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- conveyor
- bevel gear
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 abstract description 40
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 240000007643 Phytolacca americana Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G67/00—Loading or unloading vehicles
- B65G67/02—Loading or unloading land vehicles
- B65G67/04—Loading land vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Stacking Of Articles And Auxiliary Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic loading machine, which comprises a pushing and discharging mechanism arranged at the output side of a conveyor, a stacking mechanism arranged at one side of the pushing and discharging mechanism away from the conveyor and a lifting mechanism for lifting or descending the stacking mechanism, wherein the pushing and discharging mechanism is arranged at the other side of the pushing and discharging mechanism; the lifting mechanism is arranged below the pushing mechanism, two ends of the lifting mechanism are fixedly connected with the stacking mechanism and the conveyor respectively, and the pushing mechanism is fixedly connected with the conveyor. The pushing mechanism pushes the packing boxes conveyed by the conveyor into a row, then the packing boxes are conveyed to the stacking mechanism, the stacking mechanism sequentially stacks the rows of packing boxes into the carriage of the truck under the cooperation of the lifting mechanism and the belt conveyor, the packing boxes do not need to be manually involved in the pushing and stacking process, the loading operation efficiency is improved, the labor intensity is reduced, the labor is saved, meanwhile, the condition that articles in the packing boxes are damaged due to human factors is avoided, and unnecessary property loss is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an automatic car loader.
Background
In the current product packaging, the use rate of the packaging box is very high, and the packaging box is made of various materials such as paper, wood, plastic and the like. The packing box is convenient and safe to use and low in cost, so that the packing box is widely used in various industries, and the packing box has a plurality of defects in the loading process. For example, the existing packing boxes and products need to be manually moved from the upper surface of a conveyor and arranged after being conveyed into a carriage of a truck by a manual or conveyor, and the packing boxes and products need to be stacked by means of a ladder or other auxiliary tools when being stacked at a higher position, so that a plurality of operators need to be equipped for operation, the working efficiency is low, the labor intensity is high, limited manual resources are wasted, and in addition, the condition that articles in the packing boxes are damaged due to improper operation is easy to occur when the packing boxes are stacked in the mode, so that unnecessary property loss is caused.
Therefore, production by automated equipment instead of manual loading work has become a trend of development in the logistics industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic loading machine which aims to overcome the defect of manual loading.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
An automatic loading machine comprises a pushing mechanism arranged on the output side of a conveyor, a stacking mechanism arranged on one side of the pushing mechanism away from the conveyor, and a lifting mechanism for lifting or lowering the stacking mechanism; the lifting mechanism is arranged below the pushing mechanism, two ends of the lifting mechanism are fixedly connected with the stacking mechanism and the conveyor respectively, and the pushing mechanism is fixedly connected with the conveyor.
Further, the pushing and discharging mechanism comprises a supporting plate horizontally arranged at the output end of the conveyor, a poking plate vertically arranged on the top surface of the supporting plate and a transverse pushing device for driving the poking plate to move along the direction perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor, the supporting plate is fixedly connected with the transverse pushing device, and the poking plate is in sliding connection with the supporting plate; the poking sheets vertically penetrate through corresponding transverse sliding grooves in the supporting plate, the bottom surface of each poking sheet is lower than the bottom surface of the supporting plate, the poking sheets are in sliding fit with the supporting plate, and the transverse pushing device is fixedly connected with the bottom of each poking sheet; the lower part of the supporting plate is provided with a lifting device for enabling the supporting plate to vertically move, and the lifting device is fixedly connected with the conveyor.
Further, the transverse pushing device is arranged at the lower side of the poking piece and comprises a belt consistent with the moving direction of the poking piece and a motor for driving the belt to move, the belt is fixedly connected with the poking piece, and the poking piece is driven by the motor to reciprocate along the sliding groove; the supporting plate comprises an upper flat plate and a lower flat plate which are parallel to each other, a gap is reserved between the upper flat plate and the lower flat plate, and the upper flat plate and the lower flat plate are fixedly connected; the sliding chute is arranged on the upper flat plate, the poking piece is in sliding connection with the upper flat plate, the transverse pushing device is arranged between the upper flat plate and the lower flat plate, the motor is fixedly connected with the lower flat plate or the upper flat plate, and the belt is rotationally connected with the lower flat plate or the upper flat plate.
Further, a transverse pushing bar is arranged between the supporting plate and the conveyor, the pushing bar is higher than the poking plate, and one side of the pushing bar, which is far away from the supporting plate, is provided with a longitudinal pushing device for pushing the pushing bar to longitudinally move; the longitudinal pushing device is a longitudinal pushing cylinder, the cylinder body of the pushing cylinder is fixed, and the push rod of the pushing cylinder is fixedly connected with the pushing rod; the lifting device is a vertical moving cylinder, the cylinder body of the vertical moving cylinder is fixedly connected with the conveyor, and the push rod of the vertical moving cylinder is fixedly connected with the supporting plate.
Further, the lifting mechanism comprises a bevel gear swing arm unit and a driving unit for driving the bevel gear swing arm unit to swing up and down; the bevel gear swing arm unit drives the stacking mechanism to translate up and down when swinging; the bevel gear swing arm unit comprises two bevel gear followers which are fixedly connected with the stacking mechanism and the conveyor respectively, a longitudinal supporting pipe is arranged between the two bevel gear followers, and the two bevel gear followers are fixedly connected with the supporting pipe; the driving unit is arranged above the supporting tube, and one end of the driving unit, which is far away from the supporting tube, is inclined towards the fixed end; the middle part of the supporting tube is rotationally connected with the lower end of the driving unit, and the upper end of the driving unit is fixedly connected with the conveyor.
Further, each of the bevel gear followers includes a C-shaped frame, a pair of intermeshing fixed bevel gears and a drive bevel gear disposed within the frame, and a connecting plate disposed on a side of the frame remote from the bottom thereof; the connecting plate is parallel to the axis of the fixed bevel gear and is fixedly connected with the fixed bevel gear, the fixed bevel gear is rotationally connected with the frame, and the transmission bevel gear is rotationally connected with the bottom of the frame; the two frames are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the supporting tube and are fixedly connected with the supporting tube, a transmission shaft is arranged in the supporting tube, two ends of the transmission shaft respectively penetrate through corresponding holes formed in the two frames, two ends of the transmission shaft are respectively fixedly connected with corresponding transmission bevel gears, the two frames are rotationally connected with the transmission shaft, the supporting tube is rotationally connected with the transmission shaft, two fixed bevel gears are 180 degrees apart in the circumferential direction of the supporting tube, a connecting plate close to the stacking mechanism is fixedly connected with the stacking mechanism, and the other connecting plate is fixedly connected with the conveyor.
Further, the driving unit comprises a lifting oil cylinder and a bracket rotationally connected with the tail of the cylinder body of the lifting oil cylinder, the lifting oil cylinder ejector rod is rotationally connected with the middle part of the supporting tube, and the bottom of the bracket is fixedly connected with the conveyor.
Further, the stacking mechanism comprises a horizontal bedplate, a lifting box pushing rod, a driving device and a jacking device, wherein the driving device is arranged between the box pushing rod and the bedplate and used for driving the box pushing rod to horizontally move along the direction vertical to the box pushing rod, and the jacking device is used for lifting the box pushing rod; the driving device is arranged below the bedplate, the box pushing rod, the jacking device, the driving device and the bedplate are sequentially and fixedly connected, the box pushing rod is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor, and the bedplate is fixedly connected with the lifting mechanism.
Further, the driving device comprises a screw rod perpendicular to the box pushing rod, a screw nut in threaded transmission with the screw rod and a box pushing rod driving motor for driving the screw rod to rotate; the lead screw is parallel to the bedplate, the bedplate is rotationally connected with the lead screw, and the box pushing rod driving motor is fixedly connected with the bedplate; the jacking device is a jacking air cylinder perpendicular to the bedplate, the cylinder body of the air cylinder is fixedly connected with the screw nut, and the push rod of the air cylinder is fixedly connected with the box pushing rod.
Further, the bedplate comprises a top plate and a bottom plate which is arranged below the top plate in parallel, the bottom plate and the top plate are fixedly connected through a support column arranged between the top plate and the bottom plate, the box pushing rod driving motor is fixedly connected with the top plate or the bottom plate, and the screw rod is rotationally connected with the top plate or the bottom plate; the top plate is provided with a horizontal through groove perpendicular to the box pushing rod, the jacking device is in sliding connection with the through groove, and the bottom plate is fixedly connected with the lifting mechanism.
The invention has the positive effects that:
1. The invention is arranged at the output side of the conveyor, and comprises a pushing mechanism, a stacking mechanism and a lifting mechanism, wherein the pushing mechanism pushes the packing boxes conveyed by the conveyor into a row and then conveys the packing boxes to the stacking mechanism, the stacking mechanism sequentially stacks the rows of packing boxes into the carriages of the truck under the cooperation of the lifting mechanism and the belt conveyor, the packing boxes do not need to be manually participated in the pushing and stacking processes, the loading operation efficiency is improved, the labor intensity is reduced, the labor is saved, meanwhile, the condition of article damage in the packing boxes caused by human factors is avoided, and unnecessary property loss is reduced.
2. The stacking mechanism and the pushing and discharging mechanism can respectively act, and the pushing and discharging operation is simultaneously carried out during the stacking operation, so that the loading efficiency is further improved.
3. The shifting sheet of the pushing and discharging mechanism is driven by the synchronous belt, the driving motor of the shifting sheet is a stepping motor, so that the displacement of the shifting sheet can be precisely controlled, each time of movement of the shifting sheet is sequentially reduced by a set value, and the set value is the width of the packaging box, so that the pushing and discharging of the packaging box is more precise, and collision between the packaging boxes or overcurrent of the motor due to resistance are prevented.
4. The pushing mechanism is provided with a longitudinal pushing device and a lifting device, and can push the packing boxes pushed into a row out of the supporting plate to enter the next procedure.
5. The lifting mechanism is provided with a fixed bevel gear, a transmission bevel gear and a supporting tube which are meshed with each other, so that the bevel gear swing arm unit keeps the level of the platform when swinging, and the lifting mechanism has compact structure, small occupied space and reliable operation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a push mechanism;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the lateral pushing device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the lifting mechanism;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a gear follower;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a palletizing mechanism;
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the driving device and the jack-up device;
In the figure, 1, a pushing and discharging mechanism; 2. a lifting mechanism; 3. a stacking mechanism; 4. a conveyor; 5. a packaging box; 101. an upper plate; 102. a chute; 103. pushing the bar; 104. a lower plate; 105. a vertical moving cylinder; 106. a bracket; 107. a longitudinal slide rail; 108. a push rod; 109. a limiting block; 110. a slide block; 111. pushing cylinder; 112. a pulling piece; 113. a motor; 114. a belt; 115. a track; 201. A first lug; 202. a connecting plate; 203. a mandrel; 204. fixing a bevel gear; 205. a transmission bevel gear; 206. a frame; 207. a transmission shaft; 208. a support tube; 209. a rotating rod; 210. a second lug; 211. lifting the oil cylinder; 212. a bracket; 301. a bottom plate; 302. a transmission belt; 303. a screw rod; 304. a through groove; 305. a top plate; 306. a support post; 307. a screw nut; 308. jacking up the air cylinder; 309. a box pushing rod; 310. a connecting plate; 311. the box pushing rod drives a motor; 312. and a slide bar.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, an automatic loader comprises a pushing mechanism 1 provided on an output side of a conveyor 4, a palletizing mechanism 3 provided on a side of the pushing mechanism 1 away from the conveyor 4, and a lifting mechanism 2 for lifting or lowering the palletizing mechanism 3; the lifting mechanism 2 is arranged below the pushing mechanism 1, the left end and the right end of the lifting mechanism 2 are respectively fixedly connected with the stacking mechanism 3 and the conveyor 4, the pushing mechanism 1 is fixedly connected with the conveyor 4, and the conveyor 4 is a belt conveyor.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the pushing mechanism 1 includes a rectangular pallet horizontally disposed at an output end of the conveyor, two T-shaped paddles 112 vertically disposed on a top surface of the pallet, and a horizontal pushing device for driving the paddles 112 to move horizontally in a direction perpendicular to a conveying direction of the conveyor 4. After the packing cases 5 are sequentially conveyed onto the supporting plates by the conveyor 4, the transverse pushing device drives the poking sheets 112 to transversely reciprocate, and the packing cases 5 are sequentially pushed into a row, so that the pushing operation of the packing cases 5 is completed. The process does not need to be manually participated, improves the operation efficiency and reduces the labor intensity.
The support plate comprises a rectangular upper plate 1 and a rectangular lower plate 104 which are parallel to each other, a gap is reserved between the upper plate 101 and the lower plate 104, vertical cylindrical connecting columns are uniformly distributed at positions, close to the edges, between the upper plate 101 and the lower plate 104, and the upper plate 101 and the lower plate 104 are fixedly connected with the connecting columns through screws. The two poking sheets 112 vertically penetrate through two corresponding mutually parallel rectangular sliding grooves 102 arranged on the upper flat plate 101 respectively, the sliding grooves 102 are perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor 4, and the lower parts of the two poking sheets 112 are in sliding fit with the upper flat plate 101.
The transverse pushing device is arranged between the upper flat plate 101 and the lower flat plate 104 and comprises a transverse belt 114 and a motor 113 for driving the belt 114 to move, two mutually parallel T-shaped rails 115 corresponding to the sliding grooves 102 are arranged below the sliding grooves 102, the rails 115 are parallel to the sliding grooves 102, rectangular movable blocks with T-shaped grooves at the bottoms are arranged on the rails 115, and the movable blocks are in sliding fit with the rails 109. The bottoms of the two paddles 112 are connected by a rectangular connecting piece horizontally arranged at the lower end thereof and perpendicular to the rail 109, and the connecting piece is positioned between the paddles 112 and the movable block. The corresponding plectrum 112, connecting piece and loose piece are fixedly connected in turn by screws. The belt 114 is disposed between two rails 115 and is rotatably coupled to the lower plate 104 by bearing assemblies disposed at both ends of the drive belt 114. The belt 114 is fixedly connected with the middle part of the connecting sheet through a screw. The motor 113 is arranged at one end of the belt 114, the motor 113 is fixedly connected with the lower flat plate 104 through screws, and when the motor 113 drives the belt 114 to rotate, the poking plate 112 is driven to reciprocate along the sliding groove 102, so that the packing boxes 5 transmitted to the upper flat plate 101 are sequentially pushed into a row.
The belt 114 is a synchronous belt, and the motor 113 is a stepping motor. The person skilled in the art can precisely control the displacement of the shifting piece 112 by controlling the rotation number of the motor 113, so that each movement amount of the shifting piece 112 is sequentially decreased by a set value, and the set value is the width of the packaging box 5. Thereby the pushing and discharging of the packing boxes 5 are more accurate, and the collision between the packing boxes 5 or the overcurrent of the motor 113 due to the resistance are prevented.
A horizontally-placed bracket 106 is arranged below the lower flat plate 104, the bracket 106 is welded by adopting profile steel, and the bracket 106 is fixedly connected with two sides of the conveyor 4 through screws. A lifting device for vertically moving the lower flat plate 104 is arranged between the lower flat plate 104 and the bracket 106. The lifting device is a vertical moving cylinder 105. Two vertical moving cylinders 105 are arranged, and the two vertical moving cylinders 105 are symmetrically arranged at the front end and the rear end of the lower flat plate 104. The cylinder bodies of the two vertical moving cylinders 105 are fixedly connected with the bracket 6 through screws, and the push rods of the two vertical moving cylinders 105 are fixedly connected with the lower flat plate 104 through screws. When the push rods of the two vertical moving cylinders 105 are positioned at the top dead center, the upper plate 101 and the upper surface of the conveying belt of the conveyor 4 are positioned on the same plane.
A transverse pushing bar 103 is arranged between the upper flat plate 101 and the conveyor 4, the pushing bar 103 is made of square tubes, and gaps are reserved between the upper flat plate 101 and the conveyor 104 and the pushing bar 103. The pushing bar 103 is a rectangular pipe, and the top surface of the pushing bar 103 is flush with the upper surface of the conveying belt of the conveyor 4. When the push rods of the two vertical moving cylinders 105 are positioned at the bottom dead center, the push rod 103 is higher than the poking plate 112, and a vertical pushing device for pushing the push rod 103 to move longitudinally is arranged on the right side of the push rod 103.
The longitudinal pushing device is a pushing cylinder 111 longitudinally arranged at two sides of the conveyor 4. Two rectangular ejector rods 108 are vertically welded on the right side of the push rod 103, and the two ejector rods 108 are rectangular pipes. Two ejector pins 108 are provided on both sides of the conveyor 4 and are both in clearance fit with the conveyor 4. And slide rails parallel to the two ejector rods 108 for guiding are arranged below the two ejector rods, and the slide rails are fixedly connected with the side surface of the conveyor 4 through screws. The bottom of each ejector rod 108, which is close to the right end, is fixedly connected with two sliding blocks 110 through screws, and the sliding blocks 110 are in sliding connection with corresponding sliding rails. The cylinder bodies of the two pushing cylinders 111 are fixedly connected with the corresponding side surfaces of the conveyor 4 through screws, and the push rods of the two pushing cylinders 111 are fixedly connected with the right sliding blocks 110 through screws. Rectangular limiting blocks 109 are arranged between the two push rods 103 and the two sliding blocks 110 close to the left, and the two limiting blocks 109 are fixedly connected with the corresponding sliding rails through screws.
Each vertical moving cylinder 105 is provided with a magnetic switch for detecting its bottom dead center, and the pushing cylinder 111 is provided with a magnetic switch for detecting its bottom dead center.
The upper flat plate 101 is provided with a vertical through hole along the packing box 5, a photoelectric switch fixedly connected with the upper flat plate 101 is arranged at the lower part of the through hole, and the light emission direction of the photoelectric switch is upward.
The limit block 109 is fixedly connected with a travel switch with a contact facing the sliding block 110 through a screw.
As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, the lifting mechanism 2 includes a bevel gear swing arm unit and a driving unit for driving the bevel gear swing arm unit to swing up and down. The two ends of the bevel gear swing arm unit are respectively a swing end at the left end and a fixed end at the right end, the swing end is fixedly connected with the stacking mechanism 3 provided with the packing box 5 through screws, and the bevel gear swing arm unit drives the left stacking mechanism 3 to translate up and down during swing. One end of the driving unit is fixed, and the other end of the driving unit is hinged with the bevel gear swing arm unit. The driving unit drives the bevel gear swing arm unit to swing up and down, so that the packing box 5 on the stacking mechanism 3 is driven to translate up and down, the manual up and down carrying of the packing box 5 is replaced, the carrying efficiency is improved, the labor intensity is reduced, and meanwhile, the packing box 5 is prevented from being knocked and damaged during up and down carrying.
The bevel gear swing arm unit comprises two bevel gear followers which are respectively arranged at two ends of the bevel gear swing arm unit, a cylindrical supporting tube 208 is arranged between the two bevel gear followers, and the two bevel gear followers are welded with the supporting tube 208. The driving unit is arranged above the supporting tube 8, and the upper end of the driving unit is inclined rightwards; the middle part of the supporting tube 208 is rotatably connected with the left lower end of the driving unit.
Each of the bevel gear followers includes a laterally disposed C-shaped frame 206, a pair of intermeshed fixed bevel gears 204 and drive bevel gears 205 disposed within the frame 206, and a rectangular connecting plate 202 disposed on a side of the frame 206 remote from the bottom thereof. The connecting plate 202 is parallel to the axis of the fixed bevel gear 204, the fixed bevel gear 204 is rotationally connected with the inner side of the frame 206, a mandrel 203 is arranged in the center of the fixed bevel gear 204 in a penetrating way, the mandrel 203 is in interference connection with the fixed bevel gear 204 and is in transmission through a key, two ends of the mandrel 203 are arranged in corresponding holes in the side part of the frame 206 in a penetrating way, and the mandrel 203 is rotationally connected with the frame 206. The connection plates 202 are respectively provided with a first lug 201 at positions corresponding to two side parts of the frame 206, and two ends of the mandrel 203 are welded with the corresponding first lugs 201. The transmission bevel gears 205 are rotationally connected with the bottoms of the frames 206, the two frames 206 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the supporting tube 208 and are welded with the supporting tube 208, a transmission shaft 207 is arranged in the supporting tube 208, two ends of the transmission shaft 207 are respectively penetrated through corresponding holes in the two frames 206, two ends of the transmission shaft 207 are respectively in interference connection with the corresponding transmission bevel gears 205 and are in key transmission, the two frames 206 are rotationally connected with the transmission shaft 207, the supporting tube 8 is rotationally connected with the transmission shaft 207, the two fixed bevel gears 204 are arranged at two diametrically opposite sides of the transmission shaft 207, and the two connecting plates 202 are vertically parallel. The connecting plate 202 at the left end is fixedly connected with the stacking mechanism 3 through screws, and the connecting plate 202 at the right end is fixedly connected with an upright post welded at the bottom of the conveyor 204.
When the driving unit drives the supporting tube 209 to rotate, the stacking mechanism 3 is kept horizontal under the transmission of the fixed bevel gear 204 and the transmission bevel gear 205, so that the packing box 5 placed on the stacking mechanism is prevented from sliding off. The bevel gear swing arm unit has compact structure, small occupied space and reliable operation.
Two sides of the conveyor 4 are respectively provided with a set of bevel gear swing arm units, the middle parts of supporting tubes 8 of the two swing arm units are respectively provided with a second lug 210, a rotating rod 9 is arranged on the two second lugs 210 in a penetrating way, and the two second lugs 210 are respectively connected with the rotating rod 209 in a rotating way. Both ends of the rotating rod 209 are rotatably connected with the driving unit. Each driving unit comprises a lifting oil cylinder 211 and a bracket 212 rotationally connected with the tail of the cylinder body of the lifting oil cylinder 211, the ejector rod of the lifting oil cylinder 211 is rotationally connected with the corresponding end part of the rotating rod 209, and the bottom of the bracket 212 is fixedly connected with an L-shaped bending plate welded on the side surface of the conveyor 4 through a screw. The two bevel gear swing arm units and the corresponding driving units enable lifting of the platform to be more stable and reliable, and meanwhile lifting force is improved.
As shown in fig. 1, 6 and 7, the stacking mechanism comprises a horizontal bedplate and a liftable box pushing rod 309, a driving device arranged between the box pushing rod 309 and the bedplate and used for driving the box pushing rod 309 to horizontally move along the vertical direction of the box pushing rod 309, and a jacking device used for lifting the box pushing rod 309. The box pushing rod 9 is a square tube, the driving device is arranged below the bedplate, the box pushing rod 309, the jacking device, the driving device and the bedplate are sequentially and fixedly connected, and the right side of the bedplate is fixedly connected with the lifting mechanism 3. The jacking device jacks the box pushing rod 309 with the top surface being flush with the upper surface of the bedplate to enable the box pushing rod 309 to be higher than the bedplate, and then the box pushing rod 309 is driven by the driving device to horizontally move, so that a row of packing boxes 5 placed on the bedplate are pushed out of the bedplate and stacked in a wagon carriage. The process does not need to be manually participated, improves the operation efficiency and reduces the labor intensity.
The driving devices are two sets, and each set of driving device comprises a screw 303 perpendicular to a box pushing rod 309, a screw nut 307 in threaded transmission with the screw 303 and a box pushing rod driving motor 311 for driving the screw 303 to rotate. The lead screw 303 is parallel to the bedplate, the bedplate is in rotary connection with the lead screw 303, the box pushing rod driving motor 311 is fixedly connected with the bedplate, and the lead screw nut 307 is fixedly connected with the jacking device. The two sets of driving devices enable the packaging box 5 to be pushed more stably, and meanwhile, the pushing force is larger, so that the packaging box 5 with various weights is adapted.
The bedplate comprises a rectangular top plate 305 and a rectangular bottom plate 301 which is parallel to the top plate 305, struts 306 are uniformly distributed between the bottom plate 301 and the top plate 305, the top plate 305 and the bottom plate 301 are fixedly connected with the struts 306 through screws, and the right side of the bottom plate 301 is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 202 corresponding to the lifting mechanism through screws. The two sets of driving means are symmetrically arranged between the bottom plate 301 and the top plate 305. The two lead screws 303 are parallel to the bottom plate 301 and perpendicular to the box pushing rods 309, rectangular convex plates are arranged at positions of the bottom plate 301 corresponding to two ends of each lead screw 303, the convex plates are welded on rectangular plates arranged at the bottoms of the bottom plates, the rectangular plates are parallel to the lead screws 303, and the rectangular plates are fixedly connected with the bottom plate 301 through screws. The lead screws 303 are all in rotational connection with the corresponding lugs. Each screw 303 is provided with a sliding rod 312 parallel to the screw 303, and two ends of the sliding rod 312 are fixedly connected with corresponding lugs through screws. The right end of each screw 303 is provided with a rectangular screw nut 307 in threaded transmission with the screw nut, and the screw nut 307 is in sliding fit with a corresponding sliding rod 312. A box pushing rod driving motor 311 fixedly connected with the bottom plate 301 through screws is arranged between the two screw rods 303. The two lead screws 303 are respectively connected with the box pushing rod driving motor 311 through a synchronous belt transmission, so that the two ends of the box pushing rod 309 synchronously move.
The jacking devices are two sets of rectangular jacking air cylinders 308 perpendicular to the bottom plate 301 and the top plate 305, the inner sides of the corresponding screw nuts 307 of each jacking air cylinder 308 are fixedly connected with the corresponding screw nut 307, the positions, close to the two ends, of the push rods of the jacking air cylinders 308 and the box pushing rods 309 are fixedly connected through transverse L-shaped connecting plates 310, the push rods of each jacking air cylinder 308 are fixedly connected with the corresponding connecting plates 310 through screws, and each connecting plate 310 is fixedly connected with the right side of the box pushing rod 309 through screws. The top plate 5 is provided with a groove which is consistent with the direction of the box pushing rod 309 at a position corresponding to the box pushing rod 309, the groove vertically penetrates through the top plate 305, and the box pushing rod 309 is in sliding fit with the groove. The top plate 305 is provided with two horizontal through grooves 304 vertically intersecting the grooves, the two through grooves 304 are parallel to each other, and the two jacking cylinders 308 are slidably connected to the corresponding through grooves 304.
Each jack-up cylinder 308 is provided with two magnetic switches for detecting the position of its push rod, and the slide bar 312 is provided with position switches near its left and right ends. The middle part of the top plate 305 is provided with a through hole, and a photoelectric switch for detecting whether the packaging box 5 exists on the upper part of the top plate 305 is fixed on the lower part of the through hole, and the light emitted by the photoelectric switch is upward.
The invention can adjust the height position by the lifting mechanism arranged at one side of the invention.
The stacking mechanism 3 and the pushing and discharging mechanism 1 can respectively act, and the pushing and discharging operation is simultaneously carried out during the stacking operation, so that the loading efficiency is improved.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
1. When the pushing mechanism 1 is in an initial state, the top vertical moving cylinder 105 of the pushing bar 103 is jacked upwards, and when the pushing bar reaches a top dead center, a top dead center magnetic switch is triggered, at the moment, the upper flat plate 101 is flush with a conveying belt of the conveyor 4, the conveyor 4 sequentially conveys the packing boxes 5 to the top surface of the upper flat plate 101, and a photoelectric switch arranged on the upper flat plate 101 is sequentially triggered.
2. The motor 113 drives the poking plate 12 to poke the packaging box 5 transversely and sequentially according to the trigger signal of the photoelectric switch, and the poking plate 112 is gradually decreased by a set value each time, and the set value is the width of the packaging box 5.
3. After the top surface of the upper flat plate 101 is fully arranged with one row of packing boxes 5, the vertical moving cylinder 105 drives the upper flat plate 101 and the well arranged packing boxes 5 to move downwards, when the packing boxes reach the bottom dead center of the vertical moving cylinder 105, a point magnetic switch of the vertical moving cylinder 105 is triggered, and at the moment, the pulling sheet 112 is lower than the pushing bar 103.
4. The pushing cylinder 111 drives the pushing rod 103 to push the rows of packing boxes 5 to the top plate 305 which is flush with the upper plate 101, the left sliding block 110 triggers a travel switch on the limiting block 109, and the push rod of the pushing cylinder 111 resets rightwards to trigger a magnetic switch of the bottom dead center of the pushing cylinder 111. The vertical moving cylinder 105 pushes the upper plate 101 to reset upwards, and triggers a top dead center magnetic switch of the vertical moving cylinder 105 to perform the next pushing and discharging operation.
5. In the initial state of the stacking mechanism 3, the push rod of the jacking cylinder 308 is positioned at the bottom dead center, and the upper surface of the box pushing rod 309 is flush with the top surface of the top plate 305. After the packing boxes 5 in a row are pushed to the top plate 5 by the pushing mechanism, the photoelectric switch on the top plate 5 is triggered. The ram of the lift cylinder 211 of the lift mechanism 2 is then ejected so that the top plate 305 bottoms out. Then, the jack cylinder 308 is actuated to jack the box pushing rod 309 upward so as to be higher than the top plate 5.
6. After the ejector rod of the jacking cylinder 308 reaches the top dead center, a magnetic switch of the top dead center is triggered, and the box pushing rod driving motor 311 drives the screw nut 307, the jacking cylinder 308 and the box pushing rod 309 to move leftwards together, so that the packing box 5 on the top plate 305 is pushed out into the carriage of the truck.
7. After the packing case 5 is pushed out of the top plate 305, the screw nut 307 triggers a position switch at the left end of the slide bar 312, the box pushing rod driving motor 311 drives the box pushing rod 309 to move rightwards, and triggers a position switch at the right end of the slide bar 312, and the box pushing rod driving motor 311 stops running. The jacking cylinder 308 acts to drive the box pushing rod 309 to touch the bottom dead center magnetic switch of the jacking cylinder 308 downwards. Then the lifting mechanism 2 drives the stacking mechanism 3 to move upwards to the initial position, so as to prepare for the next stacking operation. 8. The height of the conveyor 4 can be increased with the number of layers of palletizing so that the packing boxes 5 are sequentially palletized to different heights in the carriages of the truck.
Claims (7)
1. An automatic loading machine is characterized by comprising a pushing mechanism (1) arranged on the output side of a conveyor (4), a stacking mechanism (3) arranged on one side of the pushing mechanism (1) away from the conveyor (4) and a lifting mechanism (2) for lifting or lowering the stacking mechanism (3); the lifting mechanism (2) is arranged below the pushing mechanism (1), two ends of the lifting mechanism (2) are fixedly connected with the stacking mechanism (3) and the conveyor (4) respectively, and the pushing mechanism (1) is fixedly connected with the conveyor (4); the pushing mechanism (1) comprises a supporting plate horizontally arranged at the output end of the conveyor (4), a poking plate (112) vertically arranged on the top surface of the supporting plate and a transverse pushing device for driving the poking plate (112) to move along the direction perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor (4), the supporting plate is fixedly connected with the transverse pushing device, and the poking plate (112) is in sliding connection with the supporting plate; the poking sheets (112) vertically penetrate through corresponding transverse sliding grooves (102) formed in the supporting plate, the bottom surface of each poking sheet (112) is lower than the bottom surface of the supporting plate, the poking sheets (112) are in sliding fit with the supporting plate, and the transverse pushing device is fixedly connected with the bottom of each poking sheet (112); the lower part of the supporting plate is provided with a lifting device for enabling the supporting plate to vertically move, and the lifting device is fixedly connected with the conveyor (4); the transverse pushing device is arranged at the lower side of the poking piece (112), and comprises a belt (114) consistent with the moving direction of the poking piece (112) and a motor (113) for driving the belt (114) to move, the belt (114) is fixedly connected with the poking piece (112), and the poking piece (112) is driven by the motor (113) to reciprocate along the sliding groove (102); the supporting plate comprises an upper flat plate (101) and a lower flat plate (104) which are parallel to each other, a gap is reserved between the upper flat plate (101) and the lower flat plate (104), and the upper flat plate (101) and the lower flat plate (104) are fixedly connected; the sliding chute (102) is arranged on the upper flat plate (101), the poking piece (112) is in sliding connection with the upper flat plate (101), the transverse pushing device is arranged between the upper flat plate (101) and the lower flat plate (104), the motor (113) is fixedly connected with the lower flat plate (104) or the upper flat plate (101), and the belt (114) is in rotary connection with the lower flat plate (104) or the upper flat plate (101); a transverse pushing bar (103) is arranged between the supporting plate and the conveyor (4), the pushing bar (103) is higher than the poking plate (112), and one side of the pushing bar (103) away from the supporting plate is provided with a longitudinal pushing device for pushing the pushing bar to move longitudinally; the longitudinal pushing device is a longitudinal pushing cylinder (111), a cylinder body of the pushing cylinder (111) is fixed, and a push rod of the pushing cylinder (111) is fixedly connected with the pushing rod (103); the lifting device is a vertical moving cylinder (105), a cylinder body of the vertical moving cylinder (105) is fixedly connected with the conveyor (4), and a push rod of the vertical moving cylinder (105) is fixedly connected with the supporting plate.
2. An automatic loader according to claim 1, wherein the lifting mechanism (2) comprises a bevel gear swing arm unit and a driving unit for driving the bevel gear swing arm unit to swing up and down; the bevel gear swing arm unit drives the stacking mechanism (3) to translate up and down when swinging; the bevel gear swing arm unit comprises two bevel gear followers which are respectively and fixedly connected with the stacking mechanism (3) and the conveyor (4), a longitudinal supporting pipe (208) is arranged between the two bevel gear followers, and the two bevel gear followers are both fixedly connected with the supporting pipe (208); the driving unit is arranged above the supporting tube (208), and one end of the driving unit, which is far away from the supporting tube (208), is inclined towards the fixed end; the middle part of the supporting tube (208) is rotationally connected with the lower end of the driving unit, and the upper end of the driving unit is fixedly connected with the conveyor (4).
3. An automatic loader according to claim 2, wherein each of the bevel gear followers comprises a C-shaped frame (206), a pair of intermeshing fixed bevel gears (204) and a driving bevel gear (205) provided in the frame (206), and a connection plate (202) provided on a side of the frame (206) remote from the bottom thereof; the connecting plate (202) is parallel to the axis of the fixed bevel gear (204) and is fixedly connected with the fixed bevel gear (204), the fixed bevel gear (204) is rotationally connected with the frame (206), and the transmission bevel gear (205) is rotationally connected with the bottom of the frame (206); two frames (206) symmetry sets up in stay tube (208) both ends and all with stay tube (208) fixed connection, be equipped with transmission shaft (207) in stay tube (208), in transmission shaft (207) both ends run through respectively and set up the downthehole that corresponds on two frames (206), transmission shaft (207) both ends respectively with corresponding transmission bevel gear (205) fixed connection, two frames (206) all rotate with transmission shaft (207) to be connected, stay tube (208) rotate with transmission shaft (207) to be connected, two fixed bevel gears (204) are 180 degrees apart along stay tube (208) circumferencial direction, be fixed connection with pile up neatly mechanism (3) connecting plate (202) that are close to pile up neatly mechanism (3), another connecting plate (202) and conveyer (4) fixed connection.
4. The automatic car loader according to claim 2, wherein the driving unit comprises a lifting oil cylinder (211) and a bracket (212) rotatably connected with the tail of the cylinder body of the lifting oil cylinder (211), a push rod of the lifting oil cylinder (211) is rotatably connected with the middle part of the supporting tube (208), and the bottom of the bracket (212) is fixedly connected with the conveyor (4).
5. An automatic loader according to claim 1, characterized in that the palletizing mechanism (3) comprises a horizontal bedplate and a liftable box pushing rod (309), a driving device arranged between the box pushing rod (309) and the bedplate for driving the box pushing rod (309) to horizontally move along a direction perpendicular to the box pushing rod (309), and a jacking device for lifting the box pushing rod (309); the driving device is arranged below the bedplate, the box pushing rod (309), the jacking device, the driving device and the bedplate are sequentially and fixedly connected, the box pushing rod (309) is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the conveyor (4), and the bedplate is fixedly connected with the lifting mechanism (2).
6. An automatic loader according to claim 5, wherein the driving means comprises a screw (303) perpendicular to the box pushing rod (309), a screw nut (307) screw-driven with the screw (303), and a box pushing rod driving motor (311) for driving the screw (303) to rotate; the lead screw (303) is parallel to the bedplate, the bedplate is rotationally connected with the lead screw (303), and the box pushing rod driving motor (311) is fixedly connected with the bedplate; the jacking device is a jacking air cylinder (308) perpendicular to the bedplate, the cylinder body of the air cylinder (308) is fixedly connected with a screw nut (307), and the push rod of the air cylinder (308) is fixedly connected with a box pushing rod (309).
7. The automatic car loader according to claim 6, wherein the bedplate comprises a top plate (305) and a bottom plate (301) arranged below the top plate (305), the bottom plate (301) and the top plate are fixedly connected through a strut (306) arranged between the top plate (305) and the bottom plate (301), the box pushing rod driving motor (311) is fixedly connected with the top plate (305) or the bottom plate (301), and the screw (303) is rotatably connected with the top plate (305) or the bottom plate (301); the top plate (305) is provided with a horizontal through groove (304) perpendicular to the box pushing rod (309), the jacking device is in sliding connection with the through groove (304), and the bottom plate (301) is fixedly connected with the lifting mechanism (2).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010617112.7A CN111762590B (en) | 2020-07-01 | 2020-07-01 | Automatic loading machine |
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| CN202010617112.7A CN111762590B (en) | 2020-07-01 | 2020-07-01 | Automatic loading machine |
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| CN113682824B (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2023-03-21 | 山东滨州烟草有限公司 | Automatic unloading device for smoke box |
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| CN203865616U (en) * | 2014-05-26 | 2014-10-08 | 山东长江粮油仓储机械有限公司 | Automatic stacking mechanism for cargo truck loading |
| CN104649019B (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2016-08-31 | 张帆 | The fast automatic shipping stacker of container |
| CN109019076B (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2023-03-28 | 芜湖达成储运有限公司 | Box stacking device, stacking system and stacking method |
| CN209023813U (en) * | 2018-08-09 | 2019-06-25 | 青岛啤酒股份有限公司 | A kind of efficient carton stacking entrucking robot |
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| CN212655165U (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2021-03-05 | 石家庄博德宁机械设备有限公司 | Automatic car loader |
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