CN111761260B

CN111761260B - Heating device for spherical shell

Info

Publication number: CN111761260B
Application number: CN202010520673.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马卫东; 戴煜; 贺仕田
Original assignee: Advanced Corp for Materials and Equipments Co Ltd
Current assignee: HUNAN DINGLI TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
Priority date: 2020-06-10
Filing date: 2020-06-10
Publication date: 2022-02-11
Anticipated expiration: 2040-06-10
Also published as: CN111761260A

Abstract

The invention discloses a heating device for a spherical shell, which comprises an internal heater, a heating device and a control device, wherein the internal heater is used for heating a circular welding seam on the spherical shell from the inside; the external heater is used for heating the annular welding seam on the spherical shell from the outside; an insulation protection assembly including a first electrode, a first connection line, a second connection line, a support member, and a first insulation flange; the inner heater and the outer heater are both in modular design, the plurality of inner heating modules are spliced with each other to form an inner cylinder which is adaptive to the outer inner surface of the circular weld joint and is provided with an upper opening and a lower opening, and the plurality of outer heating modules are spliced with each other to form an outer cylinder which is adaptive to the outer surface of the circular weld joint and is provided with an upper opening and a lower opening. The heating device provided by the invention can heat and raise the temperature of the annular welding line from the inside and the outside of the spherical shell simultaneously, and avoids the problem that the welding quality is influenced by a large temperature gradient generated by the large thickness of the spherical shell when the spherical shell is welded.

Description

Heating device for spherical shell

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of industrial equipment, in particular to a heating device for a spherical shell.

Background

The high pressure spherical shell is usually formed by welding two hemispheres with an annular weld seam, and because of structural load bearing requirements of the high pressure spherical shell, a large thickness and high strength special material such as Ti80 is used.

When welding the casing to big thickness high strength, need preheat the casing usually to avoid causing the cold and hot inhomogeneous and produce the crackle of casing inner and outer wall, thereby influence structural strength. The traditional preheating mode adopts a gas welding gun, a heating furnace, induction heating, infrared radiation heating and the like, but the above mode is suitable for workpieces with thinner thickness and smaller overall size. Therefore, the following problems exist if the conventional method is adopted to preheat the annular welding seam of the larger pressure spherical shell:

1) cracks are easily generated due to uneven cooling and heating of the inner wall and the outer wall, so that the structural strength is influenced;

2) the shape of the shell is not easy to fix, and the shell has larger thickness, so that larger temperature gradient is easy to generate, and welding deformation and cracks are caused by thermal stress, solidification shrinkage force and tissue stress;

3) the inside cable of casing easily appears discharging and punctures scheduling problem because of rotatory winding.

In view of the above, a heating device suitable for a spherical shell having a large thickness and high strength is needed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention provides a heating device for a spherical shell. The heating device provided by the invention can heat and raise the temperature of the annular welding line from the inside and the outside of the spherical shell simultaneously, and avoids the problem that the welding quality is influenced by a large temperature gradient generated by the large thickness of the spherical shell when the spherical shell is welded. In addition, through the setting of insulating protection component, also can effectively avoid appearing the problem of discharging the breakdown because of the inside cable rotation winding of casing.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a heating device for a spherical shell, comprising:

the internal heater is used for heating the annular welding seam on the spherical shell from the inside, and comprises a plurality of internal heating modules which can enter the spherical shell from a first opening of the spherical shell, the internal heating modules are detachably spliced with one another to form an internal cylinder which is matched with the outer inner surface of the annular welding seam and is provided with an upper opening and a lower opening, and an internal heating belt ring which is electrically connected with the power supply cabinet is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the internal cylinder;

the external heater is used for heating the annular welding seam on the spherical shell from the outside and comprises a plurality of external heating modules, and the external heating modules are detachably spliced with one another to form an external cylinder which is adaptive to the outer surface of the annular welding seam and is provided with an upper opening and a lower opening; the outer cylinder is provided with a welding hole for allowing an electron beam to enter and weld the annular welding line, and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder is provided with an external heating belt ring electrically connected with the power supply cabinet;

the insulation protection assembly comprises a first electrode, a first connecting wire, a second connecting wire, a supporting piece and a first insulation flange, the first insulation flange is detachably and fixedly arranged on the outer side of a second opening of the spherical shell through the supporting piece, one end of the first electrode penetrates through the first insulation flange and is communicated with the inner heating belt ring through the first connecting wire positioned in the spherical shell, and the other end of the first electrode is communicated with the power supply cabinet through the second connecting wire positioned outside the spherical shell; the first connecting wire is sleeved with a high-temperature-resistant insulating sleeve;

each internal heating module comprises an internal heating belt, an internal heating belt support and an internal heat insulation block, the internal heating belts are detachably spliced with one another to form a frame of an internal cylinder, the internal heating belts are circumferentially suspended and fixed on the outer surface of the frame of the internal cylinder through the internal heating belt support, the internal heating belts on two adjacent internal heating modules are connected and fixed through the internal connecting belt in sequence to form the internal heating belt rings, at least one internal heating module is provided with an internal electrode communicated with the first connecting wire, and the internal electrode is communicated with the internal heating belt rings;

every outer heating module includes that outer heating band, outer heating band support and outer thermoblock, and is a plurality of the concatenation formation can be dismantled each other between the outer thermoblock the frame of outer cylinder, outer heating band passes through outer heating band supports the unsettled fixing of circumference the internal surface of the frame of outer cylinder loops through outer connecting band between the outer heating band on two adjacent outer heating modules and connects fixed the formation outer heating band, at least one be equipped with the outer electrode with power cabinet intercommunication on the outer heating module, the outer electrode with outer heating band intercommunication.

Preferably, the upper end and the lower end of the outer side of the inner cylinder are provided with an outward inner annular flange; the upper end and the lower end of the inner side of the outer cylinder are provided with inward outer annular flanges.

Preferably, at least one layer of inner heat insulation pad is arranged on one side, facing the inner heating belt, of the inner annular flange; and one side of the outer annular flange, which faces the outer heating belt, is provided with at least one layer of outer heat insulation pad.

Preferably, connecting blocks are arranged between part of the inner heat insulation blocks, and the inner heat insulation blocks and the connecting blocks respectively comprise a first inner heat insulation plate, a first middle heat insulation plate and a first outer heat insulation plate which are mutually attached from inside to outside; first connecting parts are formed on the left side and the right side of each first inner heat insulation plate, bolt holes are formed in the first connecting parts, and two adjacent first inner heat insulation plates are connected and fixed through bolts to form the inner side wall of the frame of the inner cylinder; two adjacent first middle heat insulation plates are sequentially mutually abutted to form a middle interlayer of the frame of the inner cylinder; the adjacent two first outer heat insulation plates are mutually abutted to form the outer side wall of the frame of the inner cylinder;

the outer heat insulation block comprises a second inner heat insulation plate, a second middle heat insulation plate and a second outer heat insulation plate which are mutually attached from inside to outside, second connecting parts are formed on the left side and the right side of the second outer heat insulation plate, bolt holes are formed in the second connecting parts, and two adjacent second outer heat insulation plates are connected and fixed through bolts in sequence to form the outer side wall of the frame of the outer cylinder; two adjacent second middle heat insulation plates are sequentially mutually abutted to form a middle interlayer of the frame of the outer cylinder; and two adjacent second inner heat insulation plates are sequentially mutually abutted to form the inner side wall of the frame of the outer cylinder.

Preferably, the inner cylinder is formed by vertically overlapping an inner upper cylinder and an inner lower cylinder, a third connecting part for connecting and fixing the inner upper cylinder and the inner lower cylinder is formed on the first inner heat insulation plate, and a bolt hole is formed in the third connecting part.

Preferably, the first outer heat insulation plate consists of at least one molybdenum heat insulation layer and at least one stainless steel heat insulation layer; the molybdenum heat insulation layer on the first outer heat insulation plate is positioned on the outermost side of the inner cylinder, and the first middle heat insulation plate and the first inner heat insulation plate are both stainless steel layers;

the second inner heat insulation plate is composed of at least one molybdenum heat insulation layer and at least one stainless steel heat insulation layer, the molybdenum heat insulation layer on the second inner heat insulation plate is located on the innermost side of the outer cylinder, and the second middle heat insulation plate and the second outer heat insulation plate are made of stainless steel materials.

Preferably, the inner heater further comprises an inner heater support connected to the bottom of the inner cylinder, and the inner heater support is formed by splicing a plurality of support blocks into a whole ring; the external heater also comprises a reinforcing ring which is arranged at the lower end of the outer cylinder and can circumferentially fix the outer cylinder, and a plurality of L-shaped reinforcing plates are circumferentially arranged on the reinforcing ring; the bottom of the outer cylinder can be detachably connected with an outer heater support for supporting the outer cylinder.

Preferably, the supporting part comprises an upper bracket arranged outside the second opening and a lower bracket arranged inside the second opening, and the upper bracket and the lower bracket are fixedly connected through a double-threaded screw to form the supporting part; the supporting pieces are a pair and are respectively fixed at two ends of the bottom of the first insulating flange; one end of the double-headed screw penetrates through the lower support to be positioned through the bolt, and the other end of the double-headed screw penetrates through the upper support and the first insulating flange in sequence to be positioned through the bolt, so that the first insulating flange is fixedly connected with the supporting piece.

Preferably, the spherical shell further comprises a temperature measuring assembly, wherein the temperature measuring assembly comprises a plurality of first thermocouples and a plurality of second thermocouples which are correspondingly connected with each other, one end of each first thermocouple is connected with the temperature recorder, and the other end of each first thermocouple is sequentially and correspondingly connected with the second thermocouples and is fixed in the vacuum chamber for placing the spherical shell; the other end of each second thermocouple is a measuring end, and a plurality of measuring ends are arranged on the inner surface and the outer surface of the annular welding line of the spherical shell; the first thermocouple and the second thermocouple are both flexible line type thermocouples.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) the size of the internal heating module is designed according to the opening width size of the spherical shell through the modular design of the internal heater, so that the internal heating modules can enter and exit from the opening hole on the spherical shell, and can be spliced and assembled in the spherical shell to form an internal cylinder structure corresponding to the inner surface of the annular welding seam of the spherical shell, when the large-thickness spherical shell is to be welded, the spherical shell can be preheated in the spherical shell through the internal heating belt ring, and the problem of deformation of the spherical shell caused by uneven internal preheating can be effectively avoided;

2) the outer heaters are designed in a modularized manner, the outer cylinders which are matched with the annular welding line can be formed by splicing the outer heaters, the outer heating belt rings are arranged in the outer cylinders, so that when a large-thickness spherical shell is welded, the annular welding line is synchronously heated outside the spherical shell through the outer heating belt rings, the temperature field of a welding area is more uniform, the temperature gradient is reduced, deformation and cracks during welding are effectively avoided, and the welding quality is improved;

3) the connecting wire connected with the internal heater is separated into the first connecting wire and the second connecting wire, the first insulating flange is arranged at the separation position of the first connecting wire, the first insulating flange is fixed through the supporting piece, the high-temperature-resistant insulating sleeve is sleeved outside the first connecting wire, when the spherical shell rotates, the second connecting wire outside the spherical shell can be twisted together, the pulling force of the wire can act on the first insulating flange, the internal heater cannot be actuated, the problem of vacuum large-current vacuum discharge breakdown in a hot state is avoided, meanwhile, the heating effect of the internal heater cannot be influenced, and the practicability is high;

4) a plurality of temperature measuring points are arranged inside and outside the spherical shell, so that the real-time temperature of the spherical shell in the welding process can be judged in an all-around manner, the temperature uniformity of each point on the spherical shell is guaranteed by controlling and adjusting the temperature rise process, and the welding quality is guaranteed; and the thermocouples are flexible wire type thermocouples, which do not influence the rotation of the spherical shell and can realize dynamic measurement of rotation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the internal heater of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the external heater of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the internal heater of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a side elevational view of the internal heating module;

FIG. 5 is a rear view schematic of the internal heating module;

FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of the internal heater inside the spherical shell;

FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the inner heater support;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of an external heater;

FIG. 10 is a side view of the external heater;

FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the insulation shield assembly at the second opening;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a temperature measuring assembly;

fig. 15 is a structural schematic view of a fixing assembly and a first thermocouple.

Description of reference numerals:

1. an internal heater; 11. an internal heating module; 111. an internal heating zone; 112. an internal heating belt support; 113. an inner heat insulation block; 1131. a first inner heat insulation plate; 1132. a first intermediate heat shield; 1133. a first outer insulation panel; 1134. a first connection portion; 1135. a third connecting portion; 114. an inner electrode; 12. connecting blocks; 13. an inner connecting band; 14. internally heating the belt ring; 15. an inner annular flange; 16. an inner heat insulation pad; 17. an inner heater support;

2. an external heater; 21. an external heating module; 211. an external heating zone; 212. an external heating belt support; 213. an outer insulating block; 2131. a second inner heat insulation plate; 2132. a second intermediate heat shield; 2133. a second external thermal insulation board; 2134. a second connecting portion; 214. an outer electrode; 22. an outer annular flange; 23. an outer heat insulating mat; 24. externally heating the belt ring; 25. a reinforcement ring; 26. an L-shaped reinforcing plate; 27. an external heater support; 271. an upper mounting plate; 272. a lower mounting plate; 28. welding the hole;

3. an insulating protection component; 31. a first connecting line; 32. a second connecting line; 33. a support member; 331. an upper bracket; 332. a lower bracket; 333. a double-ended screw; 334. a clamping block; 34. a first insulating flange; 35. a first electrode; 36. a second electrode;

41. a temperature measurement component; 411. a first thermocouple; 412. a second thermocouple; 413. an inner socket; 414. an outer plug; 42. a fixing assembly; 421. a sealing tube; 422. sealing the flange; 423. a second insulating flange; 424. the thermocouple is sealed and installed on the flange; 425. locking the nut;

5. a spherical shell; 51. a first opening; 52. a second opening; 53. a third opening;

6. a vacuum chamber; 7. a power supply cabinet; 8. and (7) mounting the platform.

Detailed Description

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 13, a heating apparatus for a spherical shell includes:

the internal heater 1 is used for heating a circular welding seam on the spherical shell 5 from the inside, and comprises a plurality of internal heating modules 11 which can enter the spherical shell 5 from a first opening 51 of the spherical shell 5, the internal heating modules 11 are detachably spliced with each other to form an internal cylinder which is adaptive to the outer inner surface of the circular welding seam and is provided with an upper opening and a lower opening, and an internal heating belt ring 14 which is electrically connected with the power supply cabinet 7 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the internal cylinder; each internal heating module 11 comprises an internal heating belt 111, internal heating belt supports 112 and internal heat insulation blocks 113, a plurality of internal heat insulation blocks 113 are detachably spliced with one another to form a frame of an internal cylinder, the internal heating belts 111 are circumferentially suspended and fixed on the outer surface of the frame of the internal cylinder through the internal heating belt supports 112, the internal heating belts 111 on two adjacent internal heating modules 11 are connected and fixed through internal connecting belts 13 in sequence to form internal heating belt rings 14, at least one internal heating module 11 is provided with an internal electrode 114 communicated with the first connecting wire 31, and the internal electrode 114 is communicated with the internal heating belt rings 14;

the external heater 2 is used for heating the annular welding seam on the spherical shell 5 from the outside and comprises a plurality of external heating modules 21, and the external heating modules 21 are detachably spliced with each other to form an external cylinder which is matched with the outer surface of the annular welding seam and is provided with an upper opening and a lower opening; a welding hole 28 for allowing an electron beam to enter and weld the annular welding seam is formed in the outer cylinder, and an outer heating belt ring 24 electrically connected with the power supply cabinet 7 is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the outer cylinder; each external heating module 21 comprises an external heating belt 211, an external heating belt support 212 and external heat insulation blocks 213, the plurality of external heat insulation blocks 213 are detachably spliced with one another to form a frame of the outer cylinder, the external heating belts 211 are circumferentially suspended and fixed on the inner surface of the frame of the outer cylinder through the external heating belt supports 212, the external heating belts 211 on two adjacent external heating modules 21 are connected and fixed through external connecting belts (not shown) in sequence to form an external heating belt ring 24, at least one external heating module 21 is provided with an external electrode 214 communicated with the power supply cabinet 7, and the external electrode 214 is communicated with the external heating belt ring 24;

an insulation protection assembly 3, which comprises a first electrode 35, a first connection line 31, a second connection line 32, a support member 33 and a first insulation flange 34, wherein the first insulation flange 34 is detachably and fixedly installed at the outer side of the second opening 52 of the spherical shell 5 through the support member 33, one end of the first electrode 35 passes through the first insulation flange 34 and is communicated with the inner electrode 114 of the inner heater 1 through the first connection line 31 positioned inside the spherical shell 5, and the other end of the first electrode 35 is communicated with the power supply cabinet 7 through the second connection line 32 positioned outside the spherical shell 5; so that the internal heating belt ring 14 is communicated with the power supply cabinet 7 through a first connecting line 31 and a second connecting line 32, and the first connecting line 31 is sleeved with a high-temperature-resistant insulating sleeve.

As shown in fig. 3 to 7, in this embodiment, in order to facilitate the interconnection between the inner heating modules 11, a connection block 12 is further disposed between some of the inner heat insulation blocks 113, each of the inner heat insulation blocks 113 and the connection block 12 includes a first inner heat insulation plate 1131, a first intermediate heat insulation plate 1132 and a first outer heat insulation plate 1133 which are attached to each other from inside to outside, first connection portions 1134 are formed on left and right sides of the first inner heat insulation plate 1131, bolt holes are formed in the first connection portions 1134, and two adjacent first inner heat insulation plates 1131 are sequentially connected and fixed by bolts to form an inner sidewall of a frame of an inner cylinder; two adjacent first intermediate heat insulation plates 1132 are sequentially abutted against each other to form an intermediate interlayer of the frame of the inner cylinder; the adjacent two first outer heat insulation plates 1133 are mutually abutted to form the outer side wall of the frame, and each first outer heat insulation plate 1133 consists of a molybdenum heat insulation layer and four stainless steel heat insulation layers; the molybdenum heat insulation layer on the first outer heat insulation plate 1133 is located at the outermost side of the inner cylinder, and is more resistant to high temperature, and both the first intermediate heat insulation plate 1132 and the first inner heat insulation plate 1131 are stainless steel layers. In this embodiment, one end of the inner heating belt support 112 is connected to the inner heating belt 111, and the connection terminal is insulated from the inner heating belt 111 to prevent the current on the inner heating belt 111 from being transmitted to the inner heat insulating block 113, a ceramic spacer may be provided on one end of the inner heating belt support 112 connected to the inner heating belt 111, or the inner heating band support 112 may be directly made of an insulating material, and the other end of the inner heating band support 112 sequentially passes through the first outer heat insulation plate 1133, the first intermediate heat insulation plate 1132 and the first inner heat insulation plate 1131, and then, fixed by bolts, so that the inner heating belt 111 has a certain distance from the inner heat insulating block 113, meanwhile, the first inner heat insulation plate 1131, the first intermediate heat insulation plate 1132 and the first outer heat insulation plate 1133 are fixedly connected together, and the back of the inner heating belt 111 is insulated, so that the heat radiation area can be increased, the internal heating effect can be improved, and the supporting strength can be increased. It will be appreciated that the inner electrode 114 and the inner insulating block 113 are also insulated from each other.

With reference to fig. 9 to 12, in this embodiment, the outer heat insulation block 213 also includes a second inner heat insulation plate 2131, a second intermediate heat insulation plate 2132 and a second outer heat insulation plate 2133 which are attached to each other from inside to outside, second connecting portions 2134 are formed on the left and right sides of the second outer heat insulation plate 2133, bolt holes are formed in the second connecting portions 2134, and two adjacent second outer heat insulation plates 2133 are sequentially connected and fixed by bolts to form an outer sidewall of a frame of an outer cylinder; two adjacent second middle heat insulation plates 2132 are mutually abutted in sequence to form a middle interlayer of the frame of the outer cylinder; the adjacent two second inner heat insulation plates 2131 are sequentially abutted with each other to form the inner side wall of the frame of the outer cylinder; the second inner heat insulation plate 2131 is also composed of 1 molybdenum heat insulation layer and 4 stainless steel heat insulation layers, the molybdenum heat insulation layer on the second inner heat insulation plate 2131 is located at the innermost side of the outer cylinder, the second middle heat insulation plate 2132 and the second outer heat insulation plate 2133 are both made of stainless steel, one end of the outer heating belt support 212 is connected with the outer heating belt 211, and the connecting ends are insulated from each other, for example, a ceramic spacer is arranged on the outer heating belt support 212, or the outer heating belt support 212 is directly made of an insulating material, the other end of the outer heating belt support 212 sequentially passes through the second inner heat insulation plate 2131, the second middle heat insulation plate 2132 and the second outer heat insulation plate 2133, and then the second inner heat insulation plate 2131, the second middle heat insulation plate 2132 and the second outer heat insulation plate 2133 are fixed together by bolts, so that a certain distance is kept between the outer heating belt 211 and the outer heat insulation block 213, and at the same time, the second inner heat insulation plate 2131, the second middle heat insulation plate 2132 and the second outer heat insulation plate 2133 are also connected and fixed together, the back of the external heating belt 211 is insulated, so that the heat radiation area can be increased, the heating effect is improved, and the supporting strength can be increased. It will be appreciated that the outer electrode 214 and the outer insulating block 213 are also insulated from each other.

In this embodiment, the inner heater 1 is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, each layer is formed by assembling 6 inner heating modules 11 and 4 connecting blocks 12, that is, the inner cylinder is formed by vertically stacking an inner upper cylinder and an inner lower cylinder, the upper end and the lower end of the first inner heat insulation plate 1131 are formed with third connecting portions 1135 for connecting and fixing the inner upper cylinder and the inner lower cylinder, the third connecting portions 1135 are also provided with bolt holes, the upper cylinder and the lower cylinder are sequentially connected and fixed into a whole through the bolt holes and the bolt holes, and the upper and the lower adjacent inner heating belt rings 14 are also connected through the inner connecting belt 13.

Specifically, the size of the inner heating module 11 can be designed according to the width of the first opening 51 of the spherical shell 5, so that each module can enter and exit from the first opening 51, the upper layer and the lower layer of structure assembly are adopted, the inner heating module 11 can be further lightened, manual carrying is facilitated, and in the embodiment, the largest inner heating module 11 is about 30kg heavy. Of course, in some other embodiments, it is also possible to choose a different number of internal heating modules 11 and connecting blocks 12 depending on the size of the spherical shell 5, provided that each block is able to be accessed through the first opening 51 of the spherical shell 5 and assembled inside to form an internal cylinder adapted to the circumferential weld.

In the illustrated embodiment, in order to prevent the heat generated by the internal heating band 14 from being dissipated from the upper and lower ends of the inner cylinder, the generated heat source is ensured to be concentrated between the annular welding seam of the spherical shell 5 and the outer side wall of the inner cylinder as much as possible, the upper and lower ends of the outer side of the inner cylinder are formed with outward facing inner annular flanges 15, and further, the side of the inner annular flange 15 facing the internal heating band 111 is further provided with at least one layer of internal heat insulation pad 16. Similarly, in order to prevent the heat generated by the external heating band 24 from being dissipated from the upper and lower ends of the outer cylinder, and ensure that the generated heat source is concentrated between the annular welding seam of the spherical shell 5 and the inner side wall of the outer cylinder as much as possible, the upper and lower ends of the inner side of the outer cylinder are formed with external annular flanges 22 facing the spherical shell 5, and further, one side of the external annular flange facing the external heating band is further provided with at least one layer of external heat insulation pad 23, and in the illustrated embodiment, 4 layers of external heat insulation pads are specifically provided. The provision of the inner and outer

annular flanges

15, 22 also allows for better mounting of the inner and

outer heaters

1, 2 at the circumferential weld.

In this embodiment, the inner heater support 17 is further included, and the inner heater support 17 is connected to the bottom of the inner cylinder, and the inner heater support 17 is also formed by splicing a plurality of support blocks into a whole ring, and each block can enter and exit from the first opening 51 of the spherical shell 5.

During the use, with a plurality of interior heating module 11 and connecting block 12 through bolt concatenation equipment in globular casing 5, adjacent interior heating area 111 splices into the interior heating belt ring 14 of a whole ring through interior connecting band 13 about will in proper order simultaneously, connect the interior heating belt ring 14 of upper and lower adjacent two rings through interior connecting band 13 equally and make intercommunication each other between the interior heating belt ring 14 of many rings, then will splice the good interior heater support 17 can through the bottom of bolt fastening at the inner cylinder, and can be according to the height of the inner cylinder of globular casing 5 internal dimension adjustment through the bolt. At this moment, the inner electrode 114 is connected with the power cabinet 7 through the first connecting wire 31 and the second connecting wire 32, thereby introducing a power supply, molybdenum can be selected as a material of the inner electrode 114, the inner heating band 14 generates heat after being connected into the power supply, in the embodiment, six rings of inner heating band 14 are formed on the periphery of the spliced inner cylinder, the annular welding seam of the spherical shell 5 is heated from the inside through the six rings of inner heating band 14 and under the heat reflection action of the multilayer heat-insulating layer, the output of the power supply is adjusted, the annular welding seam part of the spherical shell 5 is uniformly heated, the temperature is controlled at 600 ℃, the internal structure of the titanium alloy is ensured not to generate phase change, and the hardness of the material is not influenced.

In this embodiment, the outer cylinder further includes a reinforcing ring 25 disposed at the lower end of the outer cylinder and capable of circumferentially fixing the outer cylinder, and a plurality of L-shaped reinforcing plates 26 are circumferentially disposed on the reinforcing ring 25, so that the strength of the outer cylinder formed by splicing can be further increased.

In this embodiment, the bottom of the outer cylinder may be detachably connected with an outer heater support 27 for supporting the outer cylinder, the upper end of the outer heater support 27 is provided with an upper mounting plate 271, the lower end of the outer heater support 27 is provided with a lower mounting plate 272, the bottom of the outer cylinder and the upper mounting plate 271 are provided with corresponding mounting holes, and bolts pass through the mounting holes to connect the outer cylinder and the outer heater support 27; the lower mounting plate 272 is connected with a mounting platform 8T-shaped groove for mounting the external heater 2 through bolts, so that the external heater 2 is ensured to be stable and free of shaking. A total of 4 external heater supports 27 are provided in this embodiment. In some other embodiments, the external heater 2 may be directly fixed on the ground, as long as the stability is ensured.

In this embodiment, the external heater 2 is designed in a modularized manner, and is divided into five external heating modules 21, when in use, each external heating module is assembled in advance, that is, the second internal heat insulation plate 2131, the second intermediate heat insulation plate 2132 and the second external heat insulation plate 2133 of the external heat insulation block 213 are sequentially attached to each other, then the external heating belt 211 is suspended and fixed on the inner side of the external heat insulation block 213 through the external heating belt support 212, meanwhile, the second internal heat insulation plate 2131, the second intermediate heat insulation plate 2132 and the second external heat insulation plate 2133 are connected and fixed, then each external heating module 21 is sequentially spliced together through the second connecting part 2134 and the bolt along the annular welding seam of the spherical shell 5 to form an external cylinder with upper and lower openings, two adjacent external heating belts 211 are connected into the external heating belt 24 through the external connecting belt, in this embodiment, 4 external heating belt 24 are formed on the inner side of the spliced external cylinder, and two adjacent external heating belt 24 are also connected through the external connecting belt, then the reinforcing ring 25 is fixed on the outer side of the lower end of the outer cylinder, and the outer heater support 27 is connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder by bolts according to the reserved mounting hole positions on the bottom of the outer cylinder. At this time, the external electrode 214 made of molybdenum is connected with the power cabinet 7 through a copper bar and a power cord so as to introduce a power supply, and is fixed with the external heating band ring 24 through a molybdenum screw, the external electrode 214 is also insulated from the external heat insulation block 213, for example, an insulation sleeve is sleeved on the external electrode 214, so that the external electrode is insulated from the external heat insulation block 213 when penetrating through the external heat insulation block 213 and being connected with the internal external heating band 211; alternatively, the outer insulating block 213 made of insulating material may be directly selected; after the power is introduced through the external electrode 214, the external heating band ring 24 is heated, the annular welding line of the spherical shell 5 is uniformly heated from the outside through the heating of the external heating band ring 24 and the heat reflection action of the multiple layers of heat insulation plates, the temperature is controlled at 600 ℃, the titanium alloy internal tissue is ensured not to be subjected to phase change, the hardness of the spherical shell 5 is not influenced, and an electron beam enters the welding of the annular welding line through the welding hole 28 positioned in the gap position between the heating band rings 24.

Referring to fig. 1 and 13, in the present embodiment, a connection line connected to the internal heater 1 is separated into a first connection line 31 and a second connection line 32, a first insulation flange 34 is disposed at the separation position, the first insulation flange 34 is fixed by a support member 33, and a high temperature resistant insulation sleeve is sleeved outside the first connection line 31, in the present embodiment, the high temperature resistant insulation sleeve is preferably a glass fiber sleeve, and the material of the first insulation flange 34 is preferably an epoxy phenolic laminated glass cloth plate. When the spherical shell 5 rotates, the second connecting wires 32 outside the spherical shell 5 can be twisted together, the pulling force of the wires can act on the first insulating flange 34, the inner heater 1 cannot be actuated, the problem of vacuum large-current vacuum discharge breakdown in a hot state is avoided, and meanwhile, the heating effect of the inner heater 1 cannot be influenced.

In this embodiment, the support 33 includes an upper bracket 331 disposed outside the second opening 52 and a lower bracket 332 disposed inside the second opening 52, and the upper bracket 331 and the lower bracket 332 are connected and fixed by a screw to form the support 33. That is, during installation, the upper bracket 331 is erected outside the second opening 52, and the lower bracket 332 is abutted against the second opening 52, and then is connected and pressed by a screw. In this embodiment, the screw is a double-headed screw 333, one end of which passes through the lower bracket 332 and is positioned by a bolt, and the other end of which passes through the upper bracket 331 and the first insulating flange 34 in sequence and is positioned by a bolt, so as to connect and fix the first insulating flange 34 and the support member 33 at the same time. In some other embodiments, screws may be additionally provided to connect and fix the first insulating flange 34 and the upper bracket 331, and the fixing of the support 33 and the first insulating flange 34 by welding may be completely avoided. In this embodiment, the supporting members 33 are provided as a pair and fixed at two ends of the bottom of the first insulating flange 34, respectively, so as to further ensure the installation stability of the first insulating flange 34.

In this embodiment, two ends of the bottom of the upper bracket 331 are formed with a latch 334 capable of being fastened to the second opening 52, and the latch 334 is configured to perform a function of positioning and fixing in advance, thereby facilitating subsequent installation and fixing.

In this embodiment, an extraction electrode, i.e. a second electrode 36, is further mounted on the inner electrode 114 of the inner heater 1, the material of the second electrode 36 is molybdenum, and the first connecting wire 31 is electrically connected with the inner heating belt ring 14 through the second electrode 36; the first electrode 35 is made of copper, the first connecting lines 31 and the second connecting lines 32 are copper stranded wires, and the number of the second connecting lines 32 is multiple. The second electrode 36 is located inside the spherical shell 5, and molybdenum, which is more resistant to high temperature, is selected as the electrode material because the internal temperature is high when the spherical shell 5 is welded and assembled.

When the spherical shell 5 is welded, the quality of welding is greatly related to the temperature, and particularly when an automatic welding device is used, a welding gun is static, and a workpiece is welded in a rotating mode. Referring to fig. 14 and 15, in the present embodiment, for the manner of installing and placing the spherical shell 5 in the vacuum chamber 6 to perform the spin welding of the spherical shell 5, a temperature measuring device is provided, which includes a temperature measuring assembly 41 and a fixing assembly 42 hermetically installed on the vacuum chamber 6, where the temperature measuring assembly 41 includes a plurality of first thermocouples 411 and second thermocouples 412 correspondingly connected to each other in sequence, one end of the first thermocouples 411 is connected to a temperature recorder (not shown) installed outside the vacuum chamber 6, and the other end of the first thermocouples passes through the fixing assembly 42 and extends into the vacuum chamber 6 to be correspondingly connected to the second thermocouples 412, where a part of measuring ends of the second thermocouples 412 are arranged at an annular weld joint portion outside the spherical shell 5 for measuring the temperature of the outer surface of the annular weld joint portion; a part of the measuring end of the second thermocouple 412 enters the annular weld joint part arranged in the spherical shell 5 through the third opening 53 of the spherical shell 5 and is used for measuring the temperature of the inner surface of the annular weld joint part; part of the measuring ends of the second thermocouples 412 are also arranged in the vacuum chamber 6 and used for detecting the ambient temperature of the vacuum chamber 6; the second thermocouples are all flexible line type thermocouples. It will be appreciated that the power supply cabinet 7 is also provided outside the vacuum chamber 6.

In this embodiment, the thermocouples of the temperature measuring assembly 41 are arranged in segments as a first thermocouple 412 and a second thermocouple 412 which are correspondingly communicated with each other, one end of the first thermocouple 411 is connected with a multichannel temperature recorder, the channel corresponding to the first thermocouple 411 and the temperature recorder is determined, the other end of the first thermocouple is correspondingly connected with the second thermocouple 412, the measuring ends of the plurality of second thermocouples 412 are respectively arranged outside and inside the annular welding seam of the spherical shell 5 and in the vacuum chamber 6, the temperature of the relevant part can be determined in an all-around manner by reading the specific temperature recorded by the temperature recorder, so that the temperature uniformity of the relevant part is ensured and the welding quality is ensured by controlling and adjusting the heating process; and the second thermocouples 412 are flexible wire type thermocouples, which does not affect the rotation of the spherical shell 5, and after the segmented arrangement, the length of the second thermocouples 412 can be reduced to a certain extent, so that cables of a plurality of thermocouples are not easy to be wound with each other when the spherical shell 5 rotates and moves, and the rotation dynamic measurement is conveniently realized. The first thermocouple 411 may also be selected as a soft-line thermocouple to facilitate wiring during installation.

In this embodiment, each of the first thermocouple 411 and the second thermocouple 412 includes 12 thermocouples for measuring the temperature of 12 points in real time, wherein one end of each of the first thermocouples 411 is an external plug 414 located outside the vacuum chamber 6 for connecting with a temperature recorder, and the other end is an internal socket 413 fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the vacuum chamber 6 by screws; one end of each second thermocouple 412 is an inner plug adapted to the inner socket 413, the inner plugs and the inner sockets 413 are correspondingly connected, and the other end of the second thermocouple 412 is a measuring end and is respectively arranged outside and inside the circumferential weld of the spherical shell 5 and in the vacuum chamber to obtain the multipoint temperature in real time, and then the multipoint temperature is transmitted to the temperature recorder through the second thermocouple 412 and the first thermocouple 411. When the spherical shell 5 is spin-welded, the inner socket 413 to which the first thermocouple 411 is connected is fixedly attached to the inner wall of the vacuum chamber 6, and thus, it does not move with the rotation of the spherical shell 5.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the number of the second thermocouples 412 arranged on the outer surface and the inner surface of the annular weld joint is 4, and the second thermocouples 412 are uniformly distributed along the annular weld joint, that is, 1 second thermocouple 412 is arranged at every 120 degrees along the inner surface of the annular weld joint, wherein one point is repeatedly provided with 2 second thermocouples 412, one of the second thermocouples is used for controlling temperature, and the other one is used for over-temperature alarm; 1 second thermocouple 412 is also distributed along the outer surface of the annular welding seam at every 120 degrees, wherein one second thermocouple 412 is also repeatedly arranged at 2, one second thermocouple is used for controlling temperature, and the other second thermocouple is used for overtemperature alarm; the temperature alarm device has the function of alarming when the temperature suddenly rises or one of the second thermocouples is broken down and damaged, and the operation safety is guaranteed. The number of the second thermocouples arranged in the vacuum chamber 6 is 2, and the remaining 2 second thermocouples 1 are used for detecting the temperature of the upper surface of the

spherical shell

5 and 1 is used for detecting the temperature of the lower surface of the spherical shell 5, thereby realizing multi-point and omnidirectional measurement. Of course, in some other embodiments, the number of thermocouples can be adjusted according to the actual size of the vacuum chamber 6 and the spherical shell 5.

Further, in order to adapt to the spherical shell 5 with a higher melting point, i.e. a scene when the welding temperature is higher, in this embodiment, the first thermocouple 411 and the second thermocouple 412 are also wrapped by high temperature resistant insulating sleeves such as glass fiber sleeves.

In this embodiment, the fixing assembly 42 includes a sealing pipe 421 for the multiple first thermocouples 412 to pass through simultaneously, a sealing flange 422 installed at an opening of the vacuum chamber 6, a second insulating flange 423 and a thermocouple sealing mounting flange 424 installed at the upper end of the sealing flange 422 in sequence and having diameters gradually decreasing, the sealing pipe 421 penetrates the thermocouple sealing mounting flange 424 and the second insulating flange 423 and is fixed by a locking nut 425, wherein the first thermocouples 411 all enter the vacuum chamber 6 through the sealing pipe 421, and the thermocouple sealing mounting flange 424, the second insulating flange 423 and the sealing flange 422 are connected and fixed by bolts and sealing rings in sequence, so as to ensure the sealing performance when the first thermocouples 411 enter the vacuum chamber 6.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A heating device for a spherical shell, comprising:

the external heater is used for heating the annular welding seam on the spherical shell from the outside and comprises a plurality of external heating modules, and the external heating modules are detachably spliced with one another to form an external cylinder which is adaptive to the outer surface of the annular welding seam and is provided with an upper opening and a lower opening; the outer cylinder is provided with a welding hole, and an outer heating belt ring electrically connected with the power supply cabinet is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the outer cylinder;

2. The heating apparatus for a spherical shell according to claim 1, wherein the upper and lower ends of the outer side of the inner cylinder are formed with inner annular flanges facing outward; the upper end and the lower end of the inner side of the outer cylinder are provided with inward outer annular flanges.

3. A heating device for spherical shells according to claim 2, characterized in that the side of said inner annular flange facing said inner heating belt is provided with at least one layer of inner insulating mat; and one side of the outer annular flange, which faces the outer heating belt, is provided with at least one layer of outer heat insulation pad.

4. Heating device for spherical shell according to claim 1,

connecting blocks are arranged among part of the inner heat insulation blocks, and the inner heat insulation blocks and the connecting blocks respectively comprise a first inner heat insulation plate, a first middle heat insulation plate and a first outer heat insulation plate which are mutually attached from inside to outside; first connecting parts are formed on the left side and the right side of each first inner heat insulation plate, bolt holes are formed in the first connecting parts, and two adjacent first inner heat insulation plates are connected and fixed through bolts to form the inner side wall of the frame of the inner cylinder; two adjacent first middle heat insulation plates are sequentially mutually abutted to form a middle interlayer of the frame of the inner cylinder; the adjacent two first outer heat insulation plates are mutually abutted to form the outer side wall of the frame of the inner cylinder;

5. The heating device for spherical shell according to claim 4, wherein the inner cylinder is composed of an upper inner cylinder and a lower inner cylinder which are stacked up and down, the first inner heat insulation plate is formed with a third connecting portion for connecting and fixing the upper inner cylinder and the lower inner cylinder, and the third connecting portion is provided with a bolt hole.

6. Heating device for spherical shell according to claim 4,

the first outer heat insulation plate consists of at least one molybdenum heat insulation layer and at least one stainless steel heat insulation layer; the molybdenum heat insulation layer on the first outer heat insulation plate is positioned on the outermost side of the inner cylinder, and the first middle heat insulation plate and the first inner heat insulation plate are both stainless steel layers;

7. The heating device for spherical shell according to claim 1, wherein said inner heater further comprises an inner heater support attached to the bottom of said inner cylinder, said inner heater support being spliced into a single ring by a plurality of support blocks; the external heater also comprises a reinforcing ring which is arranged at the lower end of the outer cylinder and can circumferentially fix the outer cylinder, and a plurality of L-shaped reinforcing plates are circumferentially arranged on the reinforcing ring; the bottom of the outer cylinder can be detachably connected with an outer heater support for supporting the outer cylinder.

8. The heating device for spherical shell according to claim 1, wherein said supporting member comprises an upper bracket disposed outside said second opening and a lower bracket disposed inside said second opening, said upper bracket and said lower bracket are connected and fixed by a double-threaded screw to form said supporting member; the supporting pieces are a pair and are respectively fixed at two ends of the bottom of the first insulating flange; one end of the double-headed screw penetrates through the lower support to be positioned through the bolt, and the other end of the double-headed screw penetrates through the upper support and the first insulating flange in sequence to be positioned through the bolt, so that the first insulating flange is fixedly connected with the supporting piece.

9. The heating device for the spherical shell according to claim 1, further comprising a temperature measuring assembly, wherein the temperature measuring assembly comprises a plurality of first thermocouples and a plurality of second thermocouples which are correspondingly connected with each other, one end of each first thermocouple is connected with the temperature recorder, and the other end of each first thermocouple is sequentially connected with the second thermocouples correspondingly and fixed in the vacuum chamber for placing the spherical shell; the other end of each second thermocouple is a measuring end, and a plurality of measuring ends are arranged on the inner surface and the outer surface of the annular welding line of the spherical shell; the first thermocouple and the second thermocouple are both flexible line type thermocouples.