CN111760175A - Cerebrospinal fluid quantitative shunting system and method - Google Patents

Cerebrospinal fluid quantitative shunting system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111760175A
CN111760175A CN202010667342.4A CN202010667342A CN111760175A CN 111760175 A CN111760175 A CN 111760175A CN 202010667342 A CN202010667342 A CN 202010667342A CN 111760175 A CN111760175 A CN 111760175A
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cerebrospinal fluid
cavity
shunt
valve
inlet pipe
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CN111760175B (en
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李宽正
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Li Kuanzheng
Xinghua People's Hospital
Xu Shuyuan
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M27/00—Drainage appliance for wounds or the like, i.e. wound drains, implanted drains
    • A61M27/002—Implant devices for drainage of body fluids from one part of the body to another
    • A61M27/006—Cerebrospinal drainage; Accessories therefor, e.g. valves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M39/00—Tubes, tube connectors, tube couplings, valves, access sites or the like, specially adapted for medical use
    • A61M39/22—Valves or arrangement of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/08—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks
    • F16K11/087—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks with spherical plug
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0603—Multiple-way valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0675—Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C23/00—Non-electrical signal transmission systems, e.g. optical systems
    • G08C23/04—Non-electrical signal transmission systems, e.g. optical systems using light waves, e.g. infrared
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M27/00—Drainage appliance for wounds or the like, i.e. wound drains, implanted drains
    • A61M27/002—Implant devices for drainage of body fluids from one part of the body to another
    • A61M2027/004—Implant devices for drainage of body fluids from one part of the body to another with at least a part of the circuit outside the body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
    • A61M2205/3331—Pressure; Flow
    • A61M2205/3334—Measuring or controlling the flow rate

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Abstract

The invention discloses a cerebrospinal fluid quantitative shunting system and a shunting method, wherein the system comprises a cerebrospinal fluid shunting valve, a liquid inlet pipe from a ventricle or a lumbar cistern to the cerebrospinal fluid shunting valve, a liquid outlet pipe from the cerebrospinal fluid shunting valve to an abdominal cavity, and a body surface control device; the cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve comprises a cavity and a magnetic induction valve, the cavity is divided into two side cavities by a piston, and two sides of the cavity are connected with the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe through the magnetic induction valve; the piston moves horizontally in the cavity under the hydraulic pressure difference; the electromagnetic field controls the rotation angle of the magnetic induction valve in different phases, and then the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe are switched and connected. The external induction control card of the body meter obtains the time from the opening time point to the filling time point of the cavity connected with one side of the liquid inlet pipe, calculates the time required by one-time quantitative distribution, and obtains the distribution speed, thereby calibrating the hydraulic pressure difference between the upstream and the downstream of the cavity. The invention judges whether the ventricular system pressure is in a normal range by calculating the ventricular system pressure value of the patient, and avoids the occurrence of siphon, excessive shunt and cerebrospinal fluid reverse flow.

Description

Cerebrospinal fluid quantitative shunting system and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cerebrospinal fluid shunting system in neurosurgery, in particular to a cerebrospinal fluid quantitative shunting system and a shunting method.
Background
When neurosurgery is used for treating communicating and non-communicating hydrocephalus, except for the treatment measures of reducing cerebrospinal fluid secretion by adopting medicines, fistulization of three ventricles of brain bottoms, end plate fistulization and reshaping of three ventricles of water guide tubes, the most common procedures are ventriculo-abdominal shunt, lumbar cisterna magna-abdominal shunt, and redundant cerebrospinal fluid of a ventricles system is shunted, and the volume of cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles system is reduced, so that the pressure of the ventricles system is reduced, and the intracranial hypertension symptom of a patient is improved.
However, the existing ventriculoperitoneal shunt and lumbar cisterna abdominal shunt system has the following defects:
(1) the current flow distribution systems are divided into four categories:
the first one is not pressure regulating reposition of redundant personnel system, and partial patient of postoperative has the not enough or excessive phenomenon of reposition of redundant personnel effect, and the shunt valve pressure of putting into does not conform to patient's actual clinical need. Because of the inability to adjust its shunt threshold, patients with inappropriate shunt thresholds may need to be surgically removed or the shunt system replaced empirically. This brings unnecessary secondary operation pain and a great economic burden to the patient.
The second is adjustable pressure reposition of redundant personnel system, and patient's pressure regulating needs dedicated pressure regulating instrument and equipment to and professional technical personnel operate, this brings the inconvenience for the patient, has also improved the human cost. Whether the pressure is regulated or not needs to change the condition according to the clinical symptoms and the imaging of the patient, and the feedback period is about 2-4 weeks, so the time is longer. After the voltage regulating operation, the threshold value of the voltage-adjustable shunt system is also fixed.
The third is that the pressure in the ventricular system fluctuates during the daily physiological state. According to literature reports, cerebrospinal fluid fluctuations during sleep are particularly important for flushing of brain tissue metabolites. After the ventricle system of a hydrocephalus patient is provided with the shunt system, the cerebrospinal fluid circulation microenvironment of the hydrocephalus patient is changed, and the pressure of the ventricle system can only fluctuate below a threshold value, so that the pressure fluctuation range of the ventricle system is influenced, the original microenvironment of the ventricle system of the patient is changed, and the function of flushing brain tissues by the cerebrospinal fluid is further influenced. In daily life, a large range or severe pressure fluctuations occur in the ventricular system in different states, such as sleeping, daily work, sports, strenuous exercise, and taking an elevator. Patients who have installed traditional ventriculoperitoneal shunt, lumbar cisterna abdominal shunt systems may have excessive cerebrospinal fluid shunt under such pressure fluctuation conditions. The traditional ventriculoperitoneal shunt and lumbar cisternal shunt system is difficult to control the transitional shunt.
The fourth is that the traditional ventricles of brain abdominal cavity shunt, lumbar cisterna abdominal cavity shunt system of some patients after operation suddenly blocks or accidentally stops the shunt function, and the shunt can not be fed back in time, so that the patients lose the opportunity of timely intervention, and the patients, especially the infant patients, have secondary disease changes and even die.
(2) The existing shunt system is expensive, and the cost of the medical equipment is hard to bear for a patient.
(3) Feedback information of the flow velocity and the volume of the shunted liquid in a certain time period of a patient cannot be provided, and hydraulic pressure difference of the upper and lower streams of a traditional ventriculoperitoneal shunt and lumbar cisternal abdominal shunt system in a certain time period cannot be calculated, so that a personalized regulation scheme cannot be realized. The traditional ventricles of brain abdominal cavity reposition of redundant personnel, big pond of waist abdominal cavity reposition of redundant personnel system can not accomplish individualized regulation with day, hour, the regulation of valve operating condition before specific motion state.
(4) Under the conditions of cough, urination and defecation of patients, part of the traditional ventriculoperitoneal shunt and lumbar cisterna abdominal shunt systems cause the backflow of the effusion of the abdominal cavity to the ventriculoperitoneal and lumbar cisterna, and increase the risks of central infection and the steep pressure increase of the ventriculoperitoneal system.
(5) Due to the siphon action, part of the traditional ventriculoperitoneal shunt system and the lumbar cisternal abdominal shunt system excessively shunt cerebrospinal fluid to the abdominal cavity, so that the lower cranium of the ventriculoperitoneal system is caused, and even secondary injury to patients is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a cerebrospinal fluid quantitative shunt system and a shunt method, which overcome the defects of over-shunt of cerebrospinal fluid or difficulty in shunt control in the traditional ventriculoperitoneal shunt system and the lumbar cisterna abdominal shunt system by shunting cerebrospinal fluid in a fractional manner according to a fixed volume.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a cerebrospinal fluid quantitative diversion system, which comprises a cerebrospinal fluid diversion valve, a liquid inlet pipe from a ventricle or a lumbar cistern to the cerebrospinal fluid diversion valve, a liquid outlet pipe from the cerebrospinal fluid diversion valve to an abdominal cavity, and a body surface control device;
the body surface control device comprises a body surface external induction control card and a data recording processor; the external induction control card comprises a signal acquisition part and an electromagnetic field control part;
the cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve comprises a capsule-shaped cavity and a magnetic induction valve, the capsule-shaped cavity is divided into two side cavities by a piston, and two sides of the capsule-shaped cavity are connected with a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe through the magnetic induction valve; the piston horizontally moves in the capsule cavity under the hydraulic pressure difference of two sides of the cavity;
the electromagnetic field control part controls the rotation angles of the magnetic induction valves in different phases so as to switch and connect the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe.
The piston is made of opaque hollow spherical materials, and therefore near infrared light received by the near infrared light receptor in different spaces is blocked at different positions.
The data recording processor comprises an MCU, a circuit board, a power supply module, a display screen and a communication interface unit; the data recording processor supplies power to the signal acquisition part and the electromagnetic field control part through the communication interface unit and records signals of the signal acquisition part and the electromagnetic field control part.
The capsule-shaped cavity comprises an opaque hollow spherical piston and two side cavities provided with openings; the two side cavities are connected with the liquid inlet pipe or the liquid outlet pipe through the openings.
The external induction control card comprises a card body, an electromagnetic field part, a near infrared light emitting point, a body position and motion sensor and a near infrared photoreceptor; when the near-infrared light emitting point emits light, the light penetrates through the skin and the cerebrospinal fluid, and then penetrates through the cerebrospinal fluid and the skin through diffuse reflection and reflection, and is received by the near-infrared light receptor.
The magnetic induction valve comprises a rotary inner core, a permanent magnet S pole and a permanent magnet N pole; the permanent magnet S pole and the permanent magnet N pole drive the rotary inner core to rotate under the action of the magnetic field of the induction control card outside the body surface, and then the cavities on the two sides of the capsule-shaped cavity are switched and connected with the liquid outlet pipe or the liquid inlet pipe.
The invention discloses a cerebrospinal fluid shunting method, which adopts a cerebrospinal fluid quantitative shunting system to carry out quantitative shunting, and comprises the following steps:
(1) the opaque hollow spherical piston is pushed to move towards the cavity at one side by the hydraulic pressure difference at two sides of the cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve cavity, the position of the opaque hollow spherical piston is obtained by an external induction control card, the position is calculated and processed by a data recording processor to send out an instruction, the external induction control card generates different electromagnetic fields, the opaque hollow spherical piston is switched and connected with a liquid inlet pipe or a liquid outlet pipe by rotating the shunt valve, and the next shunt period is started again;
(2) after the external induction control card obtains the switching of the shunt valve, the chamber on one side of the liquid inlet pipe is just connected from the opening time point to the filling time point, so that the time required by one-time cerebrospinal fluid quantitative shunt is calculated, the shunt speed and the shunt cumulant are obtained, and the upstream and downstream hydraulic pressure difference of the shunt valve is calibrated.
The working principle is as follows: according to the invention, the hydraulic pressure difference between the upper stream and the lower stream of the cerebrospinal fluid flow divider valve is utilized to push the non-transparent hollow spherical pistons in the cavities to horizontally move in the cavities at two sides, the cavity at one side is connected with the liquid inlet pipe, and the cavity at the other side is connected with the liquid outlet pipe. The opaque hollow spherical piston blocks the transmission of near-infrared light rays in different spaces at different positions in the body, so that the sensing control card outside the body surface obtains the position of the opaque hollow spherical piston; and after the operation processing of the data recording processor, an instruction is sent, the control card is induced outside the body surface, different electromagnetic fields are generated, the valve of the diverter valve is rotated anticlockwise or clockwise to be switched and connected with the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe, the full side cavity is connected with the liquid outlet pipe, the emptied side cavity is connected with the liquid inlet pipe, and the next diversion period is started again. After the switching flow divider valve is obtained through the external induction control card of the body meter, the cavity on one side of the liquid inlet pipe is connected from the opening time point to the filling time point, so that the time period required by one-time cerebrospinal fluid quantitative flow dividing is calculated, the flow dividing speed is obtained, and the upstream and downstream hydraulic pressure difference of the calibration valve is obtained.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) compared with the working principle of the pressure-dependent shunt valve in the prior art, the working principle of the pressure-dependent shunt valve is that the time for filling the cavity on one side is known, so that the shunt speed, the accumulated shunt quantity and the upstream and downstream hydraulic pressure difference of the cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve in a certain time period are calculated, and the shunt quantity in unit time is controlled; calculating the pressure value of the ventricular system of the patient through calibration to judge whether the pressure of the ventricular system is within a normal range or not and whether the shunt of cerebrospinal fluid is within a reasonable range or not; further judging whether the individual shunt volume of the patient is proper or not and whether the individual shunt volume needs to be adjusted or not, wherein the data recording processor provides important parameter indexes; or further adjusting the diversion scheme according to the personalized daily work and rest time of the patient.
(2) Compared with the traditional shunt system, the shunt valve of the invention avoids siphon, prevents excessive shunt and cerebrospinal fluid counter-flow, has self-cleaning function, small probability of pipe blockage and reliable operation.
(3) The system is simple and convenient to install, is matched with relevant app software to connect a network, performs big data analysis, feeds back an analysis result to personal app software, and adjusts the cerebrospinal fluid quantitative shunt system at any time.
(4) The invention carries out fractional quantitative shunt on cerebrospinal fluid according to a fixed volume, is safe and controllable, provides relevant data for clinical neurosurgeons, and promotes the research of hydrocephalus shunt processing relevant big data and the improvement of diagnosis and treatment level.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the shunt system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the capsule-shaped cavity structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a variation of the capsule shaped cavity of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a magnetic induction valve structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of an external sensory control card according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a data recording processor according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the shunt system of the present invention comprises a cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve, a fluid inlet tube from the ventricle or the cisterna magna to the cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve, a fluid outlet tube from the cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve to the abdominal cavity, and a body surface control device. The cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve comprises a capsule-shaped cavity structure and a magnetic induction valve part.
The body surface control device comprises a body surface external sensing control card and a data recording processor.
The cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve is placed in the subcutaneous tissue in the subclavian region or the position of the lower axillary midline of the waist, and is parallel to the skin surface.
As shown in figure 2, the capsule-shaped cavity structure is smooth in inner side, the inner side wall of the base is arranged in a mirror surface mode, the capsule-shaped cavity structure is divided into a left cavity and a right cavity through an opaque hollow spherical piston 4, and each cavity is provided with a thin tube connected with a magnetic induction valve part. When the shunt pipe from the ventricle or the lumbar cistern to the cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve and the shunt pipe from the cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve to the abdominal cavity are communicated, the piston moves horizontally towards one side of the piston under unequal hydraulic pressure difference at the two sides.
The capsule-shaped cavity structure comprises a capsule-shaped cavity 6, an A-side opening 1, a B-side opening 2, an A-side chamber 3, a hollow opaque spherical piston 4 and a B-side chamber 5. The outer diameter of the hollow opaque spherical piston 4 is smaller than the inner diameter of the capsule-shaped cavity 6, namely, the hollow opaque spherical piston 4 separates the left and right chambers, and the movement resistance of the hollow opaque spherical piston is small. The hollow opaque spherical piston is made of opaque materials, and therefore near infrared light received by the near infrared light receptor in different spaces is blocked at different positions.
As shown in fig. 3, when the chamber on one side is connected to the liquid inlet pipe of the cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve from the ventricle or the lumbar cisterna, and the chamber on the opposite side is connected to the cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve to the liquid outlet pipe of the abdominal cavity, a hydraulic pressure difference exists on both sides of the hollow opaque spherical piston 4, and the hydraulic pressure difference pushes the hollow opaque spherical piston 4 to horizontally push the chamber connected to the liquid outlet pipe until the cerebrospinal fluid in the chamber on the side is mostly squeezed out.
A magnetic induction valve in the cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve is connected with the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe in a switching way; the magnetic induction valve is internally provided with a permanent magnetic material with fixed orientation, and the magnetic induction valve part is controlled by an electromagnetic field of an external induction control card in different time phases and rotates anticlockwise by 45 degrees or clockwise by 45 degrees, namely a working phase, so that liquid inlet and liquid outlet phases are switched.
After the magnetic induction valve rotates anticlockwise or clockwise for 45 degrees to switch the working positions, the cavity connected with one side of the liquid inlet pipe is switched and connected with the liquid outlet pipe, and the cavity connected with the other side of the liquid outlet pipe is switched and connected with the liquid inlet pipe and keeps relative sealing.
As shown in fig. 4, the magnetic induction valve of the present invention includes a liquid inlet pipe orifice 7, a liquid outlet pipe orifice 8, an a-side connecting orifice 9, a B-side connecting orifice 10, a rotary inner core 15, a rotary inner core a pipe 11, a rotary inner core B pipe 12, a permanent magnet S pole 13, a permanent magnet N pole 14, and a housing 16. Under the action of an S1-N1 magnetic field or an S2-N2 magnetic field of the induction control card outside the body surface, the permanent magnet S pole 13 and the permanent magnet N pole 14 induce an external electromagnetic field, rotate clockwise or anticlockwise for 45 degrees, the cavity on one side is switched and connected to the liquid outlet pipe from the liquid inlet pipe, and the cavity connected with the liquid outlet pipe is switched and connected to the liquid inlet pipe. The cerebrospinal fluid quantitative shunting system enters the next quantitative shunting period.
The body surface control device comprises an external body surface induction control card which comprises a signal acquisition part, an electromagnetic field control part and a data recording processor. The data recording processor comprises an MCU, a circuit board, a power supply module, a display screen and a communication interface unit; the data recording processor supplies power to the signal acquisition and electromagnetic field control part through the communication interface unit, records signals of the signal acquisition and electromagnetic field control part, and obtains a time period from a starting time point to a filling time point of a chamber just connected with one side of the liquid inlet pipe after the shunt valve is switched, so that the time period required by one-time cerebrospinal fluid quantitative shunt is calculated, and the shunt speed and the shunt cumulant are obtained; and meanwhile, according to the calibrated filling speed of the cavity at one side, the hydraulic pressure difference between the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe in a certain time period of the patient is obtained.
Wherein: split velocity is split quantitive (fixed volume)/filling time;
the cumulative amount of shunting is the total times of unidirectional movement of the hollow opaque spherical piston multiplied by the quantitative shunting (fixed volume);
and (4) the average shunt speed of the characteristic time section is equal to the shunt cumulant/characteristic time section of the characteristic time section.
The specific working steps of the external induction control card of the body surface are as follows:
(1) collecting near infrared light receptor data;
(2) collecting body position and motion receptor data;
(3) uploading the collected data;
(4) and receiving an individual quantitative shunt instruction, changing an electromagnetic field, and switching the connection state of the magnetic induction valve with the liquid inlet pipe orifice and the liquid outlet pipe orifice.
The specific working process of the data recording processor is as follows:
(1) receiving and operating data, and adjusting an individualized quantitative distribution scheme;
(2) and issuing an individual quantitative shunting instruction.
The data recording processor induces a cable interface of the control card from the outside of the connector table of the communication interface unit through a cable.
As shown in FIG. 5, the structure of the external sensing control card comprises a card body 22, an electromagnetic field part 17, a near infrared light luminous point 18, a body position and movement sensor 19, a near infrared light sensor 20 and a cable interface 21. The near-infrared light luminous points 18 sequentially emit light according to a program, and near-infrared light diffusely reflects from the outside of the body surface, penetrates through the skin, penetrates through cerebrospinal fluid after passing through the transparent part of the shell, is reflected by the mirror surface of the base part, penetrates through the cerebrospinal fluid, the transparent shell and the skin, and is received by a near-infrared light receptor outside the body.
And the hollow opaque spherical piston 4 blocks near infrared light of different spaces at different positions, so that position information corresponding to the hollow opaque spherical piston 4 is collected by the photoelectric signal. The body position and movement sensor 19 receives the body position and movement state signals of the person wearing the body surface sensing card.
The signal acquisition part, the electromagnetic field control part and the data recording processor are arranged on the outer surface of the skin at the position of the inner core of the external induction card.
Near-infrared light emitted from the near-infrared light-emitting point 18 passes through the skin from the outside of the body surface to a partially transparent shell, then penetrates through the cerebrospinal fluid, is subjected to diffuse reflection and mirror reflection at the base part, then penetrates through the cerebrospinal fluid, passes through the partially transparent shell, penetrates through the skin, and is received by an external near-infrared photoreceptor.
As shown in fig. 6, the data recording processor 29 is provided with a display screen 23, a battery 24, a circuit board 25, a microcontroller MCU26, a USB interface 27, and a cable interface 28. The data recording processor 29 is connected to the external induction control card 22 through the cable interface 28, supplies power to the external induction control card, records the body position and the signals of the motion sensor 19 and the near infrared sensor 20, obtains the shunt speed and the shunt flow of the cerebrospinal fluid of the patient in a certain time period through operation, stores the shunt speed and the shunt flow in the internal memory, and simultaneously displays the shunt flow of the cerebrospinal fluid in unit time and the hydraulic pressure difference, the time and the electric quantity information of the upstream and the downstream of the quantitative cerebrospinal fluid shunt system on the display screen.
And secondly, acquiring information of the data recording processor by other medical equipment and the mobile phone remote terminal through a universal serial bus interface or wireless transmission, and providing a shunting scheme after analyzing and calculating by related app software according to the corresponding shunting speed and shunting cumulant in unit time. Specifically, the microcontroller MCU26 provides a control signal according to the control rate, so that the rotary inner core 15 of the magnetic induction valve is selected clockwise or counterclockwise, the liquid inlet pipe orifice 7 and the liquid outlet pipe orifice 8 are switched, the hollow opaque spherical piston 4 in the capsule-shaped cavity 6 is pushed horizontally in the opposite direction, and the next quantitative flow distribution cycle is entered, thereby realizing the detection and control of the quantitative flow distribution of cerebrospinal fluid.

Claims (7)

1. A cerebrospinal fluid quantitative shunt system is characterized in that: comprises a cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve, a liquid inlet pipe from a ventricle or a lumbar cistern to the cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve, a liquid outlet pipe from the cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve to an abdominal cavity, and a body surface control device;
the body surface control device comprises a body surface external sensing control card and a data recording processor; the external induction control card comprises a signal acquisition part and an electromagnetic field control part;
the cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve comprises a capsule-shaped cavity and a magnetic induction valve, the capsule-shaped cavity is divided into two side cavities by a piston, and two sides of the capsule-shaped cavity are connected with a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe through the magnetic induction valve; the piston moves in the capsule cavity under the hydraulic pressure difference of two sides of the cavity;
the electromagnetic field control part controls the rotation angles of the magnetic induction valves in different phases, and then the magnetic induction valves are switched and connected with the liquid inlet pipe and the liquid outlet pipe.
2. The cerebrospinal fluid quantitative shunt system according to claim 1, wherein: the piston is made of an opaque hollow sphere material.
3. The cerebrospinal fluid quantitative shunt system according to claim 1, wherein: the data recording processor comprises an MCU, a circuit board, a power supply module, a display screen and a communication interface unit; the data recording processor supplies power to the signal acquisition part and the electromagnetic field control part through the communication interface unit and records acquired signals.
4. The cerebrospinal fluid quantitative shunt system according to claim 1, wherein: the capsule-shaped cavity comprises a cavity (6), a piston (4), an A-side chamber (3) and a B-side chamber (5) which are provided with openings; the two side cavities are connected with the liquid inlet pipe or the liquid outlet pipe through the openings.
5. The cerebrospinal fluid quantitative shunt system according to claim 1, wherein: the external induction control card comprises a card body (22), an electromagnetic field part (17), a near infrared light luminous point (18), a body position and motion receptor (20) and a near infrared photoreceptor (20); when the near-infrared light emitting point emits light, the light penetrates through the skin and the cerebrospinal fluid, and then penetrates through the cerebrospinal fluid and the skin through diffuse reflection and reflection, and is received by the near-infrared light receptor.
6. The cerebrospinal fluid quantitative shunt system according to claim 1, wherein: the magnetic induction valve comprises a rotary inner core (15), a permanent magnet S pole (13) and a permanent magnet N pole (14); and the permanent magnet S pole and the permanent magnet N pole drive the rotary inner core to rotate under the action of a magnetic field of the induction control card outside the body surface, so that the cavities on two sides of the capsule-shaped cavity are switched and connected with the liquid outlet pipe or the liquid inlet pipe.
7. A cerebrospinal fluid shunting method, which is characterized in that: the quantitative cerebrospinal fluid shunt system of any one of claims 1 to 6 for shunting, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) the piston is pushed to move towards the cavity at one side by hydraulic pressure difference at two sides of the cerebrospinal fluid shunt valve cavity, the position of the piston is obtained by an external induction control card, an electromagnetic field is generated by the external induction control card, and the shunt valve is switched and connected with a liquid inlet pipe or a liquid outlet pipe by rotating to reenter the next shunt period;
(2) the external induction control card of the body meter obtains the time point from the opening time point to the filling time point of the cavity connected with one side of the liquid inlet pipe, and then calculates the time required by one-time cerebrospinal fluid quantitative diversion, obtains the diversion speed and the diversion cumulant, and calibrates the hydraulic pressure difference of the upstream and the downstream of the diversion valve.
CN202010667342.4A 2020-07-13 2020-07-13 Cerebrospinal fluid quantitative shunting system and method Active CN111760175B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0800837A2 (en) * 1996-04-10 1997-10-15 Nissho Corporation Three-way stopcock and flow rate control device in use thereof
CN200998362Y (en) * 2006-08-30 2008-01-02 周克俭 Cataract operation attraction flow regulation valve
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