CN111758824A - Preparation device and preparation method of platycodon grandiflorum green tea - Google Patents
Preparation device and preparation method of platycodon grandiflorum green tea Download PDFInfo
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- CN111758824A CN111758824A CN202010710839.XA CN202010710839A CN111758824A CN 111758824 A CN111758824 A CN 111758824A CN 202010710839 A CN202010710839 A CN 202010710839A CN 111758824 A CN111758824 A CN 111758824A
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Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a preparation device and a preparation method of platycodon grandiflorum green tea, and the preparation device comprises a base and a porous roller arranged above the base, wherein the base is provided with a power component for driving the porous roller to rotate, the base is provided with a heating mechanism for heating the porous roller, a telescopic automatic control mechanism for kneading and crushing is arranged on a central axis penetrating through the porous roller, the telescopic automatic control mechanism is contracted inwards and is relatively independent of the porous roller, the power component drives the porous roller to rotate and independently realize mechanical friction, the telescopic automatic control mechanism extends outwards and rotates relatively to the porous roller, and the telescopic automatic control mechanism and the heating mechanism work together to perform integrated water evaporation and mechanical kneading; according to the scheme, the time consumed by material transfer is reduced, and the use and the occupied area of mechanical equipment can be saved, so that the preparation process of the platycodon grandiflorum and scutellaria baicalensis tea is simplified, and the preparation production effect is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of green tea preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation device and a preparation method of platycodon grandiflorum green tea.
Background
Platycodon grandiflorum, namely bundle flower, small bell flower and monk flower, has the functions of relieving cough and eliminating phlegm, ventilating the lung, expelling pus and reducing swelling by growing herbaceous plants for many years, is a common traditional Chinese medicine, is also widely used as food and is distributed all over the country. At present, scholars at home and abroad have more researches on roots of platycodon grandiflorum and less researches on platycodon grandiflorum stems and leaves. Because of the traditional habit of people, the research and utilization of the root of platycodon grandiflorum are emphasized, and most of the leaves are not utilized and are discarded.
The research shows that the total phenol content 32.94(mg/g dry weight) and the flavonoid content 7***1(mg/g dry weight) of the platycodon grandiflorum green tea are far higher than those of the platycodon grandiflorum root cut pieces 5.2877(mg/g dry weight) and 5.0874(mg/g dry weight). Development and utilization research of the platycodon grandiflorum stems is very important for improving the planting benefit of platycodon grandiflorum, changing waste into valuable and protecting the environment.
The existing platycodon grandiflorum green tea preparation steps are mostly divided into: picking, stand and dry in the air, the de-enzyming, knead and twist, a plurality of steps such as cure, and current balloonflower green tea preparation facilities sets up independent machinery to each step, wave dust removal mechanism, the de-enzyming mechanism, the mechanism is kneaded to machinery and is baked the mechanism, the mechanical structure independent work that every step corresponds, with the continuous a plurality of mechanical structure of following of material round trip to shift, the preparation process is complicated, it is poor to lead to the dust removal effect, be infected with other impurity at the transfer in-process easily, and the area of a plurality of devices is big, mechanical equipment cost demand is high, and the manpower demand is also high.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation device and a preparation method of platycodon grandiflorum green tea, and aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the preparation process is complex, the dust removal effect is poor, the occupied area of a plurality of devices is large, the cost requirement on mechanical equipment is high, and the manpower requirement is high.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides the following:
a preparation device of platycodon grandiflorum green tea comprises a base and a porous roller arranged above the base, wherein a power assembly used for driving the porous roller to rotate is arranged on the base, a heating mechanism used for heating the porous roller is arranged on the base, and a telescopic self-control mechanism used for kneading and crushing is arranged on a central axis passing through the porous roller;
the telescopic automatic control mechanism is contracted inwards and is relatively independent from the porous roller, the power assembly drives the porous roller to rotate to independently realize mechanical friction, the telescopic automatic control mechanism extends outwards and rotates relative to the porous roller, and the telescopic automatic control mechanism and the heating mechanism work together to perform integrated water evaporation and mechanical rolling.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the porous drum includes a cylindrical mesh screen cylinder and a plurality of reinforcing spokes horizontally distributed along an outer periphery of the cylindrical mesh screen cylinder, two ends of the cylindrical mesh screen cylinder are provided with fixing plates, a sealing ring is arranged at an outer periphery of a central position of the cylindrical mesh screen cylinder, the sealing ring is provided with a plurality of tooth grooves uniformly distributed, and the power assembly drives the cylindrical mesh screen cylinder to rotate through engagement of a gear and the tooth grooves.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic automatic control mechanism includes a main rod distributed along a central axis of the cylindrical screen drum, and a plurality of telescopic display panels uniformly arranged on a periphery of the main rod, side edges of two adjacent telescopic display panels are connected by a curtain, each telescopic display panel is fixedly provided with a plurality of fan-shaped rubbing plates uniformly distributed, two ends of each telescopic display panel are respectively hinged with a small-diameter sector plate, the main rod is provided with a limiting clamping groove at a position facing each small-diameter sector plate, an inner end of each small-diameter sector plate is provided with a ball moving inside and outside along the limiting clamping groove, two ends of the main rod are fixedly provided with a pushing cylinder corresponding to the small-diameter sector plate, a tail end of a telescopic shaft of the pushing cylinder is hinged to a surface of the small-diameter sector plate, and the pushing cylinder changes the telescopic display panels and the main rod by pushing the small-diameter sector plates to move inside and outside along the limiting clamping groove The distance of the surface.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, a circular hole slot for the flexible display board to pass through is disposed at a center position of the fixed sealing plate, and a position control side plate for supporting the main rod and maintaining the main rod at the center position of the circular hole slot is disposed on the base.
As a preferable mode of the invention, the outer end of the small-diameter sector plate is provided with an extrusion plate which rotates synchronously with the small-diameter sector plate, and the surface of the telescopic exhibition plate is provided with an arc-shaped cover plate which has the same rotation track with the extrusion plate.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, smooth protruding rings are arranged on the outer surfaces of all the retractable panels, an inner sunken groove corresponding to the smooth protruding rings is arranged on the hole wall of the circular hole groove, an annular clamping plate for limiting the retractable panels to vertically contract and extend is fixedly arranged on the main rod, the small-diameter sector plates pull and expand the retractable panels outwards until the smooth protruding rings are inserted into the inner sunken groove, the retractable panels and the cylindrical mesh screen cylinder realize relative rotation, and the sector rubbing plates mechanically rub platycodon grandiflorum leaves synchronously rotating along the cylindrical mesh screen cylinder wall.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, a side surface of the fan-shaped kneading plate parallel to the surface of the cylindrical mesh screen cylinder is smooth, and a side surface of the fan-shaped kneading plate perpendicular to the surface of the cylindrical mesh screen cylinder is provided with a friction protrusion.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, a plurality of uniformly distributed springs are disposed between the inner surface of each of the telescopic display panels and the main rod located inside the cylindrical mesh screen cylinder, the distance between the telescopic display panels and the outer surface of the main rod changes the stress state of the springs, and the minimum distance between each of the telescopic display panels and the inner surface of the cylindrical mesh screen cylinder is 8mm to 10 mm.
In another aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing platycodon grandiflorum green tea, which comprises the following steps:
step 100, adding spread and dried platycodon grandiflorum leaf raw materials into a porous roller, closing an inlet of the porous roller, starting the porous roller to rotate, opening a dry hot steam heating device to rapidly raise the leaf temperature to the temperature required by enzyme deactivation, and simultaneously opening a moisture removal device;
step 200, after the porous roller rotates to work for a set time, starting a telescopic automatic control mechanism to stretch the fan-shaped rubbing plate, and reducing the distance between the fan-shaped rubbing plate and the inner surface of the porous roller to rub the platycodon grandiflorum leaves;
step 300, starting a heating mechanism to preheat the porous roller and evaporate green air of the orange stem leaves;
step 400, after the platycodon grandiflorum leaves are observed to be twisted into a strip shape, the stretching automatic control mechanism is contracted, the kneading operation is suspended, and the heating mechanism continues to work for baking and shaping;
the orange stem leaves are set to be rolled into a strip shape, so that a template does not need to be additionally arranged on the fan-shaped rolling plate.
Step 500, after baking and shaping for a set time, adjusting the temperature to be enough to bake to obtain a finished product of platycodon grandiflorum green tea;
and step 600, recording the influence factors from the step 100 to the step 500 in real time, counting the influence of the influence factors on the quality of the finished platycodon grandiflorum green tea product, and determining a regression equation between the quality of the finished platycodon grandiflorum green tea product and the influence factors.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, in the step 200 to the step 400, the step of controlling the vertical extension and contraction of the fan-shaped kneading plate by the expansion self-control mechanism specifically comprises:
taking the contraction state of the sector kneading plate as an original state, stretching the small-diameter sector plate hinged with the sector kneading plate outwards, increasing the vertical height of the small-diameter sector plate continuously, and outwards supporting the telescopic self-control mechanism;
the fan-shaped rubbing plate synchronously extends outwards along with the telescopic self-control mechanism, so that the distance between the fan-shaped rubbing plate and the inner surface of the porous roller is reduced;
the porous roller continues to rotate, the platycodon grandiflorum leaves rotate along the wall of the porous roller, and the fan-shaped rubbing plate rubs the platycodon grandiflorum leaves;
the small-diameter sector plate hinged with the sector kneading plate is contracted outwards, the vertical height of the small-diameter sector plate is continuously reduced, and the support telescopic self-control mechanism is pulled inwards;
the fan-shaped rubbing plate is synchronously retracted and reset inwards along with the telescopic automatic control mechanism, the distance between the fan-shaped rubbing plate and the inner surface of the porous roller is increased, and the rubbing work of the platycodon grandiflorum leaves is stopped.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
the invention integrates shaking, dedusting, enzyme deactivating, mechanical rolling and heating baking process equipment, can improve the production and preparation speed, reduce the time consumption of material transfer, and save the use and the occupied area of the mechanical equipment, thereby simplifying the preparation process of the platycodon grandiflorum green tea and improving the preparation and production effects.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so as to be understood and read by those skilled in the art, and are not used to limit the conditions that the present invention can be implemented, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the effects and the achievable by the present invention, should still fall within the range that the technical contents disclosed in the present invention can cover.
FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of the whole of a manufacturing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side sectional view of a telescopic self-control mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view illustrating a contracted state of the retractable panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view illustrating the extended state of the retractable panel according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of the retractable display board according to the embodiment of the invention in the retracted state;
fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of the extended state of the retractable display board according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a mounting structure of the ring clamp according to the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a spring mounting structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-a base; 2-a porous roller; 3-a heating mechanism; 4-a telescopic self-control mechanism; 5-circular hole slot; 6-position control side plates; 7-smooth raised circles; 8-sinking the groove inwards; 9-a ring-shaped clamping plate; 10-friction protrusions; 11-a spring;
201-cylindrical mesh screen cylinder; 202-reinforcing spokes; 203-sealing plate; 204-sealing ring; 205-gullet;
401-main bar; 402-expansion display board; 403-curtain; 404-sector rubbing plate; 405-a small-diameter sector plate; 406-a limit card slot; 407-a ball; 408-pushing cylinder; 409-arc shaped cover plate; 410-squeeze the plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of particular embodiments, other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention and that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a device for preparing platycodon grandiflorum green tea, which integrates shaking, de-enzyming, mechanical rolling and heating and baking process equipment, thereby increasing the production and preparation speed, reducing the time consumption of material transfer, and saving the use and occupied area of mechanical equipment, thereby simplifying the preparation process of platycodon grandiflorum green tea and improving the preparation and production effects.
According to the determination of medicinal components of the platycodon grandiflorum green tea and the platycodon grandiflorum root slices, the total phenol content 32.94(mg/g dry weight) and the flavonoid content 7***1(mg/g dry weight) in the platycodon grandiflorum leaf tea are far higher than the total phenol content 5.2877(mg/g dry weight) and the flavonoid content 5.0874(mg/g dry weight) in the platycodon grandiflorum root slices, so that the development and utilization research of the platycodon grandiflorum stems is very important for improving the planting benefit of the platycodon grandiflorum, changing waste into valuable and.
The multifunctional rolling machine comprises a base 1 and a porous roller 2 arranged above the base 1, wherein a power component used for driving the porous roller 2 to rotate is arranged on the base 1, a heating mechanism 3 used for heating the porous roller 2 is arranged on the base 1, and a telescopic automatic control mechanism 4 used for kneading and crushing is arranged on a central axis passing through the porous roller 2.
Before the materials (the orange stems) are added into the porous roller 2, the materials (the orange stems) are spread and dried in a ventilated and dry place without direct sunlight, the moisture content is reduced to about 65%, then the materials (the orange stems) are added into the porous roller 2, wherein the power assembly drives the porous roller 2 to rotate, the materials (the orange stems) rotate in the porous roller 2 to realize dust removal, a dry-hot steam heating device is opened to rapidly raise the temperature of the leaves to about 260 ℃, and a moisture removal device is opened at the same time to complete the enzyme deactivating operation;
and the material (the orange stalk leaves) is mechanically rubbed on the surface of the porous roller 2 to cause damage to leaf cells, which can induce the fragrance of the platycodon grandiflorum green tea during brewing.
The telescopic self-control mechanism 4 is matched with the rotary porous roller 2 to work, and the surface of the material (the orange stem leaves) is crushed and formed into a strip shape in a machine rolling mode, so that the material is easy to dissolve in tea soup during brewing, and the leaching rate is improved.
The heating mechanism 3 heats and cures the material (the orange stem leaves) and evaporates the redundant water, so that the functions of shaping and producing fragrance are realized.
Therefore, the four steps are integrated in the porous roller 2, the material transfer steps are reduced, the production and preparation efficiency is improved, the materials are prevented from being stained with dust in the transfer process, the use of mechanical equipment is reduced, and the occupied space of the mechanical equipment is reduced.
The basic working flows of the power assembly, the telescopic automatic control mechanism 4 and the heating mechanism 3 are as follows:
firstly, the telescopic self-control mechanism 4 is contracted inwards and is relatively independent from the porous roller 2, and the power assembly drives the porous roller 2 to rotate to independently realize mechanical friction;
secondly, the telescopic self-control mechanism 4 extends outwards and rotates relative to the porous roller 2 to mechanically rub the materials (the orange stems and leaves) in the porous roller 2;
and thirdly, the telescopic self-control mechanism 4 contracts inwards, and the heating mechanism 3 evaporates and kneads the moisture in the materials.
The structure and the principle of the power assembly for realizing mechanical friction are as follows: porous cylinder 2 includes a cylindricality net sieve section of thick bamboo 201 to and a plurality of along a cylindricality net sieve section of thick bamboo 201 periphery horizontal distribution's reinforcement spoke 202, the both ends of a cylindricality net sieve section of thick bamboo 201 are equipped with solid shrouding 203, the central point of a cylindricality net sieve section of thick bamboo 201 puts the periphery and is equipped with sealing washer 204, be equipped with a plurality of evenly distributed's tooth's socket 205 on the sealing washer 204, power component pass through the gear with the meshing of tooth's socket 205 drives a cylindricality net sieve section of thick bamboo 201 rotates.
The surface of the cylindrical net screen cylinder 201 is provided with a large number of sieving pores, so that the bearing capacity of the cylindrical net screen cylinder 201 is relatively weak, the reinforcing spokes 202 can increase the overall stability of the cylindrical net screen cylinder 201, the power assembly drives the cylindrical net screen cylinder 201 to rotate through the meshing of the gear and the tooth grooves 205 in the center of the cylindrical net screen cylinder 201, so that the material (orange stem leaves) synchronously rotates along with the cylindrical net screen cylinder 201, on one hand, dust removal can be realized in the rotating process, on the other hand, the material mechanically rubs with the sieving pores on the surface of the cylindrical net screen cylinder 201 to cause leaf cell damage, tea polyphenol is subjected to enzymatic oxidation, aroma is induced, and the unique aroma and high-taste quality of the platycodon grandiflorum green tea is formed.
Therefore, the power assembly drives the cylindrical screen drum 201 to rotate, namely, the operations of dedusting and shaking for preparing the platycodon grandiflorum green tea to excite fragrance are realized.
As shown in fig. 2, the structure and principle of the telescopic automatic control mechanism 4 for crushing the surface of the material are as follows: flexible self-control mechanism 4 includes along the mobile jib 401 of the central axis distribution of a cylindricality net sieve section of thick bamboo 201 to and a plurality of even settings are in the flexible panel 402 of mobile jib 401 periphery, adjacent two connect through curtain 403 between the side of flexible panel 402, and when the diameter of flexible panel 402 increased, the surface area that curtain 403 compensation increased also realized all flexible panels 402 and connect in unison.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, each of the retractable display boards 402 is fixedly provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed fan-shaped rubbing boards 404, two ends of each of the retractable display boards 402 are respectively hinged with a small-diameter fan-shaped board 405, a position of the main rod 401, which is opposite to each of the small-diameter fan-shaped boards 405, is provided with a limiting slot 406, and the inner end of the small-diameter fan-shaped board 405 is provided with a ball 407 moving inside and outside along the limiting slot 406.
The both ends fixed mounting of mobile jib 401 with the promotion cylinder 408 that path sector plate 405 position corresponds, the telescopic shaft end of promotion cylinder 408 articulates the surface of path sector plate 405, promotion cylinder 408 is through promoting path sector plate 405 along the inside and outside removal of spacing draw-in groove 406 changes telescopic panel 402 with the distance of mobile jib 401 surface.
When the whole preparation facilities utilize power component to realize mechanical friction, all promote that cylinder 408 inwards promotes path sector plate 405 in step, the outer end of path sector plate 405 will rotate round the pin joint, the inner of path sector plate 405 passes through ball 407 at spacing draw-in groove 406 inward shift, the contained angle of path sector plate 405 and mobile jib 401 central axis diminishes gradually, the perpendicular distance of flexible panel 402 and mobile jib 401 surface diminishes gradually this moment, the whole internal contraction of all flexible panels 402, fan-shaped rubbing board 404 keeps away from the internal surface of cylindricality net sieve section of thick bamboo 201 gradually.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, when the telescopic self-control mechanism 4 crushes the surface of a material, all the pushing cylinders 408 synchronously pull the small-diameter sector plates 405 outwards, the outer ends of the small-diameter sector plates 405 relatively rotate reversely around the hinge points, the inner ends of the small-diameter sector plates 405 move outwards in the limiting clamping grooves 406 through the balls 407, the included angles between the small-diameter sector plates 405 and the central axis of the main rod 401 gradually increase, the vertical distances between the telescopic display plates 402 and the outer surface of the main rod 401 gradually increase, all the telescopic display plates 402 extend outwards integrally, the fan-shaped rubbing plates 404 gradually approach the inner surface of the cylindrical screen cylinder 201, and the relative movement between the fan-shaped rubbing plates 404 and the inner surface of the cylindrical screen cylinder 201 realizes rubbing of the material.
According to the above, when the whole preparation device utilizes the power assembly to realize mechanical friction, the outer flexible panel 402 of mobile jib 401 and mobile jib 401 does not contact with the cylindrical mesh screen drum 201, therefore the central point of the sealing plate 203 is provided with the circular hole slot 5 for the flexible panel 402 to pass through, the base 1 is provided with the position control side plate 6 for supporting the mobile jib 401 and keeping the mobile jib 401 in the central point of the circular hole slot 5, and when the flexible automatic control mechanism 4 is ensured to contract inwards, the position control side plate and the porous roller 2 keep relatively independent states.
The outer end of the small-diameter sector plate 405 is provided with a squeezing plate 410 which rotates synchronously with the small-diameter sector plate 405, and the surface of the telescopic exhibition plate 402 is provided with an arc-shaped cover plate 409 which has the same rotating track as the squeezing plate 410.
The outer end of the small-diameter sector plate 405 rotates around the hinge point of the small-diameter sector plate 405 and the telescopic display board 402 in the forward direction or the reverse direction, and when the small-diameter sector plate 405 rotates, the squeezing plate 410 rotates in the reverse direction along the arc-shaped cover plate 409, so that the stability of the forward and reverse direction rotation of the small-diameter sector plate 405 is improved, and the supporting force of the small-diameter sector plate 405 on the telescopic display board 402 is also increased.
When the small-diameter sector plate 405 rotates to the minimum included angle with the central axis of the main rod 401, the balls 407 at the inner end of the small-diameter sector plate 405 are located at the innermost end of the limiting clamping groove 406, in the process, all the telescopic display plates 402 are close to the main rod 401 to shrink, the outer surfaces of all the telescopic display plates 402 are gradually far away from the inner surface of the cylindrical net screen drum 201, and at the moment, the materials cannot be kneaded.
When the small-diameter sector plate 405 rotates to the maximum included angle of the central axis of the main rod 401, namely 90 degrees, the ball 407 at the inner end of the small-diameter sector plate 405 is located at the outermost end of the limiting clamping groove 406, the squeezing plate 410 is perpendicular to the main rod 401, in the process, all the telescopic display plates 402 extend outwards towards the main rod 401, the outer surfaces of all the telescopic display plates 402 are gradually close to the inner surface of the cylindrical net screen cylinder 201, and rubbing and kneading of materials are achieved at the moment.
As shown in fig. 7, in order to increase the cyclic extension and contraction stability of the retractable display board 402, a ring catch plate 9 for limiting the vertical extension and contraction of the retractable display board 402 is fixed on the main rod 401 of this embodiment, and a retractable shaft of the push cylinder 408 penetrates through the ring catch plate 9 and is hinged with the small-diameter sector plate 405.
Preferably, in order to ensure that the retractable display board 402 is still in a static state even when the retractable display board 402 is extended to the maximum, so that kneading of materials on the inner wall of the cylindrical screen drum 201 can be realized only when the cylindrical screen drum 201 rotates, in this embodiment, the outer surface of the retractable display board 402 is provided with the smooth convex ring 7, the hole wall of the circular hole groove 5 is provided with the inner concave groove 8 corresponding to the smooth convex ring 7, the small-diameter sector plate 405 pulls and expands the retractable display board 402 outwards until the smooth convex ring 7 is inserted into the inner concave groove 8, when the cylindrical screen drum 201 rotates under the action of the power assembly, the cylindrical screen drum 201 cannot drive the retractable display board 402 to rotate, the retractable display board 402 and the cylindrical screen drum 201 realize relative rotation, the fan-shaped kneading board 404 mechanically kneads platycodon grandiflorum leaves synchronously rotating along the drum wall of the cylindrical screen drum 201, the mechanical kneading effect is therefore less poor than with the existing roasting devices alone.
In order to increase the mechanical friction effect on the material when the power assembly drives the cylindrical screen drum 201 to rotate, the present embodiment is configured to set the friction protrusion 10 on the side surface of the fan-shaped rubbing plate 404 perpendicular to the surface of the cylindrical screen drum 201, and to avoid breaking the material when the fan-shaped rubbing plate 404 rubs the surface of the cylindrical screen drum 201, the side surface of the fan-shaped rubbing plate 404 parallel to the surface of the cylindrical screen drum 201 is set to be a smooth surface.
As shown in fig. 8, in order to improve the effect of the small-diameter sector plate 405 driving the retractable display board 402 to extend and compress back and forth and avoid that the intermediate retractable display board cannot extend to a proper position due to the fact that the retractable display board 402 is too long, in this embodiment, a plurality of uniformly distributed springs 11 are arranged between the inner surface of each retractable display board 402 and the main rod 401 located inside the cylindrical screen drum 201, the distance between the retractable display board 402 and the outer surface of the main rod 401 changes the stress state of the springs 11,
the springs 11 serve to support the center of the retractable display board 402 in this embodiment, and the springs are mainly distributed at the middle of the retractable display board 402, and it is set that the springs 11 are in a compressed state when the retractable display board 402 is retracted, the springs 11 are in a gradual return state when the retractable display board 402 is deployed, and the springs 11 are in a natural state when the retractable display board 402 is extended to the maximum.
Therefore, when the small-diameter sector plate 405 drives the retractable display plate 402 to extend outwards, the spring 11 synchronously realizes an outward force on the retractable display plate 402 due to its own resilience, so as to ensure that the middle position of the retractable display plate 402 extends outwards to a proper position synchronously, that is, the minimum distance between all the retractable display plates 402 and the inner surface of the cylindrical screen drum 201 is 8mm-10mm, and further ensure that the sector kneading plate 404 at the middle position of the retractable display plate 402 realizes better mechanical kneading on platycodon grandiflorum green tea.
After the material (the orange stem leaves) is mechanically kneaded, the heating mechanism 3 is controlled to work, the heat of the heating mechanism 3 directly acts on the material (the orange stem leaves) through the fine holes of the screen mesh of the cylindrical mesh screen cylinder 201, the heating and baking process of the material is realized, and meanwhile, the power assembly is continuously utilized to drive the cylindrical mesh screen cylinder 201 to continuously rotate, so that the uniform baking work of the material (the orange stem leaves) can be realized by the implementation mode, and the baking effect is not poor compared with the existing independent baking device.
This embodiment removes dust with mechanical friction and lures fragrant, completes, machinery rubs the broken wall, does shape and heat the baking device and is integrated as an organic whole, and the heavy burden and the intensity that do not increase mechanical friction power component have played the integrated level height on the contrary, and equipment uses fewly, and occupation space is little, removes dust and rubs and cures efficient function.
The invention provides a method for preparing platycodon grandiflorum green tea, which comprises the following steps:
step 100, adding spread and dried platycodon grandiflorum leaf raw materials into a porous roller, closing an inlet of the porous roller, starting the porous roller to rotate, opening a dry hot steam heating device to rapidly raise the leaf temperature to the temperature required by enzyme deactivation, and simultaneously opening a moisture removal device;
step 200, after the porous roller rotates to work for a set time, starting a telescopic automatic control mechanism to stretch the fan-shaped rubbing plate, and reducing the distance between the fan-shaped rubbing plate and the inner surface of the porous roller to rub the platycodon grandiflorum leaves;
step 300, starting a heating mechanism to preheat the porous roller and evaporate green air of the orange stem leaves;
step 400, after the platycodon grandiflorum leaves are observed to be twisted into a strip shape, the stretching automatic control mechanism is contracted, the kneading operation is suspended, and the heating mechanism continues to work for baking and shaping;
step 500, after baking and shaping for a set time, adjusting the temperature to be enough to bake to obtain a finished platycodon grandiflorum green tea product with uniform fragrance;
in the step 200 to the step 400, the step of controlling the fan-shaped kneading plate to vertically extend and contract by the automatic stretching and retracting mechanism specifically comprises:
taking the contraction state of the sector kneading plate as an original state, stretching the small-diameter sector plate hinged with the sector kneading plate outwards, increasing the vertical height of the small-diameter sector plate continuously, and outwards supporting the telescopic self-control mechanism;
the fan-shaped rubbing plate synchronously extends outwards along with the telescopic self-control mechanism, so that the distance between the fan-shaped rubbing plate and the inner surface of the porous roller is reduced;
the porous roller continues to rotate, the platycodon grandiflorum leaves rotate along the wall of the porous roller, and the fan-shaped rubbing plate rubs the platycodon grandiflorum leaves;
the small-diameter sector plate hinged with the sector kneading plate is contracted outwards, the vertical height of the small-diameter sector plate is continuously reduced, and the support telescopic self-control mechanism is pulled inwards;
the fan-shaped rubbing plate is synchronously retracted and reset inwards along with the expansion self-control mechanism, the distance between the fan-shaped rubbing plate and the inner surface of the porous roller is increased, and the rubbing work of the platycodon grandiflorum leaves is stopped.
The mechanical friction dedusting, water-removing, mechanical kneading wall breaking and heating baking process steps of the embodiment are not mutually influenced, are independent and integrated, improve the preparation efficiency of the platycodon grandiflorum green tea, reduce the preparation cost of the platycodon grandiflorum green tea, and are suitable for the preparation processes of other tea leaves.
And step 600, recording the influence factors from the step 100 to the step 500 in real time, and counting the influence of the influence factors on the quality of the finished platycodon grandiflorum green tea product so as to optimize the quality of the platycodon grandiflorum green tea.
As is well known, the tea making process of platycodon grandiflorum green tea generally comprises the following steps: spreading fresh leaves → de-enzyming → rolling → shaping → primary drying → spreading cool moisture regain → drying feet → balloon flower tea finished product,
the steps 100 to 500 correspond to four working steps of spreading out green, deactivating green, rolling and drying in sequence, and the four working steps have the following influence factors on the quality of the platycodon grandiflorum green tea: spreading green time, fixation temperature, rolling time and drying temperature, in step 600, firstly adopting a secondary general rotation combination design method to perform tests to obtain factor level codes (as shown in the following table I), and then uniformly spreading green thickness of fresh leaves to be 3 cm; the enzyme deactivation time is unified to 4 min; the feeding amount is 7kg each time; the initial baking time is unified to 30 min.
TABLE 1
And then, carrying out sensory evaluation on the finished platycodon grandiflorum green tea product, directly giving the appearance, aroma, liquor color, taste and leaf bottom scores of the tested tea sample by professional tea evaluation personnel, and calculating the comprehensive score and the internal quality score by using a factor weighting method.
The calculation formula is specifically as follows: composite score 0.25 external score +0.25 bouquet +0.10 broth color score +0.3 flavor score +0.10 leaf base score;
the endoplasmic score was 0.25 x aroma +0.10 x liquor color score +0.3 x flavor score +0.10 x leaf base score.
The application software carries out regression statistical analysis of secondary universal rotation combination design on the sensory evaluation results of the samples of the test treatment samples to obtain the sensory evaluationEvaluation value y and test factor xiThe regression general equation between:
and (4) testing results: the primary and secondary order of the sensory evaluation value y is x2(fixation)>x3(Rolling)>x4(drying)>x1(spreading out), and sensory evaluation y and fixation x2Rolling x3And drying x4Spreading green x1Are all positively correlated, and are additionally tedded with green x1And deactivation of enzymes x2Spreading green x1And rolling x3Deactivation of enzymes x2And drying x4The interaction between the two is remarkable.
At the level of test factors-2. ltoreq. xiUnder the constraint condition of not more than 2(i is 1,2,3,4), according to the regression total equation (1), respectively corresponding to x1、x2、x3、x4The partial derivative is calculated and made equal to zero:
solving the equation system to obtain an optimal solution, namely the optimal combination of the factors participating in the test: x is the number of10.162 (factor level code in table one corresponds to 1.1h), x20.846 (factor level code in table one corresponds to 268.5 ℃ C.) of fixation, x30.888 (factor level code in table one corresponds to twisting 24.4min), x4-0.05 (factor level code in table one corresponds to oven dry 79.5 ℃), optimum solutionAnd sequentially substituting the coded values into an equation (1) to obtain the optimal index value of y: y ismax＝90.445。
The embodiment obtains a regression equation between the sensory evaluation values of the platycodon grandiflorum and the green tea and the test factors, and determines that the primary and secondary sequences influencing the quality of the tea are as follows: de-enzyming, rolling, drying and spreading, and determining the optimal optimized processing technology combination according to a regression equation: spreading for 1.1h, deactivating enzyme at 268.5 ℃, rolling for 24.4min, drying for 79.5 ℃, wherein the sensory evaluation value y is 90.445, thereby providing a process technology and a theoretical basis for the optimized processing of the platycodon grandiflorum green tea.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation device of the platycodon grandiflorum green tea is characterized by comprising a base (1) and a porous roller (2) arranged above the base (1), wherein a power component for driving the porous roller (2) to rotate is arranged on the base (1), a heating mechanism (3) for heating the porous roller (2) is arranged on the base (1), and a telescopic automatic control mechanism (4) for kneading and crushing is arranged on a central axis passing through the porous roller (2);
the telescopic self-control mechanism (4) is contracted inwards and is relatively independent from the porous roller (2), the power assembly drives the porous roller (2) to rotate to independently realize mechanical friction, the telescopic self-control mechanism (4) extends outwards and rotates relative to the porous roller (2), and the telescopic self-control mechanism (4) and the heating mechanism (3) work together to perform integrated evaporation moisture and mechanical kneading.
2. The preparation device of a platycodon grandiflorum green tea as claimed in claim 1, wherein the porous drum (2) comprises a cylindrical mesh screen drum (201) and a plurality of reinforcing spokes (202) horizontally distributed along the periphery of the cylindrical mesh screen drum (201), two ends of the cylindrical mesh screen drum (201) are provided with fixing plates (203), the periphery of the central position of the cylindrical mesh screen drum (201) is provided with a sealing ring (204), the sealing ring (204) is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed tooth grooves (205), and the power assembly drives the cylindrical mesh screen drum (201) to rotate through the meshing of a gear and the tooth grooves (205).
3. The device for preparing platycodon grandiflorum green tea according to claim 2, wherein the telescopic automatic control mechanism (4) comprises a main rod (401) distributed along the central axis of the cylindrical mesh screen drum (201), and a plurality of telescopic display boards (402) uniformly arranged on the periphery of the main rod (401), the sides of two adjacent telescopic display boards (402) are connected through a curtain (403), each telescopic display board (402) is fixedly provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed fan-shaped rubbing boards (404), the two ends of each telescopic display board (402) are respectively hinged with a small-diameter sector-shaped board (405), the main rod (401) is provided with a limiting clamping groove (406) at a position facing each small-diameter sector-shaped board (405), the inner end of each small-diameter sector-shaped board (405) is provided with a ball (407) moving inside and outside along the limiting clamping groove (406), the both ends fixed mounting of mobile jib (401) have with the promotion cylinder (408) that path sector plate (405) position corresponds, the telescopic shaft end of promotion cylinder (408) articulates the surface of path sector plate (405), promote cylinder (408) through promoting path sector plate (405) along spacing draw-in groove (406) inside and outside removal changes flexible panel (402) with the distance of mobile jib (401) surface.
4. The device for preparing platycodon grandiflorum green tea according to claim 3, wherein a circular hole groove (5) for the telescopic exhibition plate (402) to pass through is formed in the center of the sealing plate (203), and a position control side plate (6) for supporting the main rod (401) and keeping the main rod (401) in the center of the circular hole groove (5) is formed on the base (1).
5. The platycodon grandiflorum green tea preparation device according to claim 3, wherein an extruding plate (410) rotating synchronously with the small-diameter sector plate (405) is arranged at the outer end of the small-diameter sector plate (405), and an arc-shaped cover plate (409) with the same rotating track as that of the extruding plate (410) is arranged on the surface of the telescopic exhibition plate (402).
6. The device for preparing platycodon grandiflorum green tea according to claim 3, wherein smooth protruding rings (7) are arranged on the outer surfaces of all the telescopic display plates (402), inner sunken grooves (8) corresponding to the smooth protruding rings (7) are arranged on the wall of the circular hole groove (5), an annular clamping plate (9) used for limiting the telescopic display plates (402) to vertically contract and extend is fixedly arranged on the main rod (401), the small-diameter sector plates (405) outwards pull and extend the telescopic display plates (402) until the smooth protruding rings (7) are inserted into the inner sunken grooves (8), the telescopic display plates (402) and the cylindrical mesh screen cylinder (201) realize relative rotation, and the sector rubbing plates (404) mechanically rub platycodon grandiflorum green tea synchronously rotating along the cylindrical mesh screen cylinder (201).
7. The device for preparing platycodon grandiflorum green tea according to claim 3, wherein the side surface of the fan-shaped rubbing plate (404) parallel to the surface of the cylindrical mesh screen cylinder (201) is smooth, and the side surface of the fan-shaped rubbing plate (404) perpendicular to the surface of the cylindrical mesh screen cylinder (201) is provided with friction protrusions (10).
8. The device for preparing platycodon grandiflorum green tea as claimed in claim 3, wherein a plurality of uniformly distributed springs (11) are arranged between the inner surface of each expansion and contraction display plate (402) and the main rod (401) positioned inside the cylindrical net screen drum (201), the distance between the expansion and contraction display plate (402) and the outer surface of the main rod (401) changes the stress state of the springs (11), and the minimum distance between all the expansion and contraction display plates (402) and the inner surface of the cylindrical net screen drum (201) is 8mm-10 mm.
9. A method for preparing platycodon grandiflorum green tea based on the preparation device of any one of claims 1 to 8, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 100, adding spread and dried platycodon grandiflorum leaf raw materials into a porous roller, closing an inlet of the porous roller, starting the porous roller to rotate, opening a dry hot steam heating device to rapidly raise the leaf temperature to the temperature required by enzyme deactivation, and simultaneously opening a moisture removal device;
step 200, after the porous roller rotates to work for a set time, starting a telescopic automatic control mechanism to stretch the fan-shaped rubbing plate, and reducing the distance between the fan-shaped rubbing plate and the inner surface of the porous roller to rub the platycodon grandiflorum leaves;
step 300, starting a heating mechanism to preheat the porous roller and evaporate green air of the orange stem leaves;
step 400, after the platycodon grandiflorum leaves are observed to be twisted into a strip shape, the stretching automatic control mechanism is contracted, the kneading operation is suspended, and the heating mechanism continues to work for baking and shaping;
step 500, after baking and shaping for a set time, adjusting the temperature to be enough to bake to obtain a finished product of platycodon grandiflorum green tea;
and step 600, recording the influence factors from the step 100 to the step 500 in real time, and counting the influence of the influence factors on the quality of the finished platycodon grandiflorum green tea product so as to optimize the quality of the finished platycodon grandiflorum green tea product.
10. The method for preparing platycodon grandiflorum green tea according to claim 9, wherein in the step 200 to the step 400, the step of controlling the fan-shaped kneading plates to vertically extend and contract by the self-expansion and control mechanism specifically comprises the following steps:
taking the contraction state of the sector kneading plate as an original state, stretching the small-diameter sector plate hinged with the sector kneading plate outwards, increasing the vertical height of the small-diameter sector plate continuously, and outwards supporting the telescopic self-control mechanism;
the fan-shaped rubbing plate synchronously extends outwards along with the telescopic self-control mechanism, so that the distance between the fan-shaped rubbing plate and the inner surface of the porous roller is reduced;
the porous roller continues to rotate, the platycodon grandiflorum leaves rotate along the wall of the porous roller, and the fan-shaped rubbing plate rubs the platycodon grandiflorum leaves;
the small-diameter sector plate hinged with the sector kneading plate is contracted outwards, the vertical height of the small-diameter sector plate is continuously reduced, and the support telescopic self-control mechanism is pulled inwards;
the fan-shaped rubbing plate is synchronously retracted and reset inwards along with the telescopic automatic control mechanism, the distance between the fan-shaped rubbing plate and the inner surface of the porous roller is increased, and the rubbing work of the platycodon grandiflorum leaves is stopped.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115444044A (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2022-12-09 | 周港标 | Tea leaf rocking machine capable of fully overturning tea leaves |
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| CN108094622A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-06-01 | 贵定苗岭淘农业科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of campanulaceae leaf tea |
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