CN111758618A - Breeding method for improving quality of large yellow croaker - Google Patents
Breeding method for improving quality of large yellow croaker Download PDFInfo
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- 241001596950 Larimichthys crocea Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 175
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000000249 desinfective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 108010066114 cabin-2 Proteins 0.000 description 15
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010047400 Vibrio infections Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000004232 Enteritis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006353 environmental stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010794 food waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000011140 intestinal infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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Abstract
A culture method for improving the quality of large yellow croakers belongs to the technical field of deep seawater aquaculture. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: step 1, building a large yellow croaker culture platform: step 2, selecting culture water: selecting middle and lower layer seawater as culture water; step 3, sterilizing the large yellow croaker culture cabin: cleaning the culture cabin, disinfecting, and adding the middle-lower layer seawater obtained in the step (2); step 4, putting the seedlings into a cabin: selecting 100-150g of disease-free large yellow croaker fries per fish, and placing the fry into the culture cabin in the step 3, wherein the stocking density is 8.0-10.0kg/m3(ii) a Step 5, adult fish culture: the salinity is 28-32, the water temperature is 20.0-24.0 ℃, the dissolved oxygen is 8.0-10.0mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen content is 0-0.8mg/L, and the chemical oxygen demand is 0-2.0 mg/L. The invention has the positive effects of improving the culture quality of the large yellow croaker and increasing the economic value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of deep seawater aquaculture, and particularly belongs to a culture method for improving the quality of large yellow croakers.
Background
Deep open sea aquaculture is one of the main directions for the development of aquaculture industry in the future. At present, large-scale net cage culture is generally adopted for deep and open sea culture, such as a large yellow croaker culture method (application number: 201110096417.9), a large-scale open sea deep water sea area large yellow croaker culture method (application number: 201210581935.4), a method for improving the quality of adult large yellow croakers cultured by a near-shore floating net cage (application number: 201910354771.3) and the like, but the culture environment is a natural environment, and manual intervention cannot be carried out. The large yellow croaker is a rare and rare fish species distributed in natural sea areas in China, and the economic value and the quality of the large yellow croaker are highly related. The cultivation of the large yellow croakers with high quality and high value is a necessary trend of the industry development and is also a necessary choice under the high-quality market consumption trend.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a culture method for improving the quality of large yellow croakers, so as to achieve the purposes of improving the culture quality of the large yellow croakers and increasing the economic value.
The breeding method for improving the quality of the large yellow croakers is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, building a large yellow croaker culture platform:
step 2, selecting culture water:
selecting middle and lower layer seawater of 10-20 nautical miles and 10-20 meters sea level from the shore as culture water;
step 3, sterilizing the large yellow croaker culture cabin:
cleaning the culture cabin, disinfecting, and adding the middle-lower layer seawater obtained in the step (2);
step 4, putting the seedlings into a cabin:
selecting 100-150g of disease-free large yellow croaker fries per fish, and placing the fry into the culture cabin in the step 3, wherein the stocking density is 8.0-10.0kg/m3；
Step 5, adult fish culture:
monitoring and regulating to make the salinity of the culture water be 28-32 and the salt difference be 0-2.0;
monitoring and controlling the temperature of the culture water to be 20.0-24.0 ℃ and the daily change of the temperature difference to be 0-2.0 ℃;
monitoring and regulating to make the dissolved oxygen of the aquaculture water be 8.0-10.0mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen content be 0-0.8mg/L, the nitrite content be 0-0.1mg/L and the chemical oxygen demand be 0-2.0 mg/L;
bait is thrown for 2-4 times every day according to 1.0% -1.5% of the weight of the large yellow croaker.
Further, the breeding platform comprises a breeding cabin and a water inlet and drainage system, the water inlet and drainage system comprises a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the water inlet pipe comprises a main water inlet pipe and a branch water inlet pipe, and the main water inlet pipe is provided with a branch water inlet pipe; the water discharge pipe comprises a main water discharge pipe and branch water discharge pipes, and the branch water discharge pipes are arranged on the main water discharge pipe; the cultivation cabin is provided with a lighting lamp, the side wall of the cultivation cabin is provided with a water inlet pipe, the center of the cultivation cabin is provided with a water outlet pipe, and an oxygen charging machine is arranged in the cultivation cabin.
Further, the culture water in the step 2 is middle and lower layer seawater which is 12-18 nautical miles off the shore and 12-18 meters above sea level, the water temperature is 20-24 ℃, and the salinity is 28-32.
Further, the large yellow croaker culture cabin in the step 3 is disinfected by adding 0.8-1.5mg/L iodine and soaking the culture cabin for 3.0-4.0 h.
Further, the large yellow croaker culture cabin in the step 3 is disinfected by adding 1.0-1.2mg/L iodine and soaking the culture cabin for 3.2-3.5 h.
Further, the adult fish in the step 5 is cultured, monitored, regulated and controlled to enable the illumination intensity to be 500-1000 Lux.
Further, the adult fish in the step 5 is cultured, monitored, regulated and controlled to enable the illumination intensity to be 600Lux-700 Lux.
Further, in the step 5, the adult fish is cultured, the water exchange amount is 10 to 16 total amount per day, and the flow speed is 0.2 to 0.4 m/s.
Further, in the step 5, the adult fish is cultured, the water exchange amount is 12-14 full amounts per day, and the flow speed is 0.3 m/s.
Further, in the adult fish culture in the step 5, the salinity of culture water is 29-30 and the salt difference is 1.0 by monitoring, regulating and controlling; the water temperature of the culture water is controlled to be 21.0-22.0 ℃ by monitoring and controlling, and the daily change of the temperature difference is 1.0 ℃.
Compared with the existing large-scale net cage culture method, the culture method for improving the quality of the large yellow croakers has the following advantages:
1. a large yellow croaker culture platform is built, and the culture platform is a culture ship with a culture cabin and can perform cruising operation. According to the biological characteristics of the cultured large yellow croaker, the large yellow croaker can swim to a suitable sea area for culture, more suitable culture water can be selected, the large yellow croaker can grow at a high speed, other pollution sources can be kept away, severe sea conditions such as typhoon and the like can be avoided, and the cleanness of the culture water and the safety of the large yellow croaker are ensured.
2. The culture environment of the culture cabin is relatively controllable, and the large yellow croaker can grow healthily in a relatively stable environment, so that good quality is facilitated.
3. In the adult fish culture stage, monitoring and controlling the optimum culture conditions of the large yellow croakers: the water temperature of the culture water is 20.0-24.0 ℃, the daily change of the temperature difference is 0-2.0 ℃, and the growth speed of the large yellow croaker is fastest; the salinity is 28-32, the salt difference is 0-2.0, and the salinity is consistent with the culture stage of the large yellow croaker fry, so that the survival rate of the large yellow croaker fry is improved; the dissolved oxygen of the aquaculture water is 8.0-10.0mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen content is 0-0.8mg/L, the nitrite content is 0-0.1mg/L, and the chemical oxygen demand is 0-2.0mg/L, so that the disease and insect damage can be reduced, and the rapid growth of the large yellow croaker can be promoted.
The invention mainly improves the quality of the large yellow croaker through a proper and relatively stable environment, and in the culture process, if the conditions such as temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and the like are not proper, the large yellow croaker is in a stress or stressed state, so that the death rate of the large yellow croaker is increased, the ingestion and growth of the large yellow croaker are influenced, diseases are further caused, and the loss is caused. Meanwhile, the quality of the large yellow croaker is affected. The suitable and stable environment can not only improve the growth speed of the large yellow croaker and shorten the culture period, but also reduce the environmental stress, reduce the occurrence probability of diseases, reduce the use of fishery drugs and improve the survival rate and the safety of the culture of the grown large yellow croaker. Each 20m multiplied by 16m breeding cabin can breed 46 ten thousand of 100-150g large yellow croakers, the breeding period is 6 months, the weight of each large yellow croaker is up to 500g, and the yield is up to about 1500 ten thousand yuan. Therefore, the invention has the positive effects of improving the culture quality of the large yellow croaker and increasing the economic value.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings disclose, in part, specific embodiments of the present invention, wherein,
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a culture platform of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following is a further description with reference to specific examples. This example was carried out in the east sea area of Zhejiang and Fujian.
Example 1:
step 1, building a large yellow croaker culture platform 1. As shown in fig. 1, the breeding platform 1 comprises a breeding cabin 2 and a water inlet and drainage system, wherein the water inlet and drainage system comprises a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the water inlet pipe comprises a main water inlet pipe 3 and a branch water inlet pipe 4, and the branch water inlet pipe 4 is arranged on the main water inlet pipe 3; the water discharge pipe comprises a main water discharge pipe and branch water discharge pipes, and the branch water discharge pipes are arranged on the main water discharge pipe; the cultivation cabin 2 is provided with a lighting lamp, the side wall of the cultivation cabin 2 is provided with a water dividing and discharging pipe 4, the center of the cultivation cabin 2 is provided with a water dividing and discharging pipe, and the cultivation cabin 2 is internally provided with an oxygen charging machine 5.
The culture platform 1 can also be provided with a variable water layer temperature measurement water taking system, a water quality monitoring system, a feeding system and the like, and the culture environment of the large yellow croakers is intelligently monitored and controlled.
The light lamps above the cultivation cabin can realize single lamp and cluster control. According to the specific culture environment of the large yellow croaker, the illumination intensity is controlled through the single lamp and the clusters so as to monitor and control the optimum illumination of the large yellow croaker.
Step 2, selecting culture water:
moving the large yellow croaker culture platform 1 in the step 1 to a deep and distant sea area far off the shore, selecting middle and lower layer seawater 10-20 meters away from the shore and 10-20 meters above sea level as culture water, avoiding a seawater and fresh water junction, and selecting clean seawater and an anchor land with proper water temperature for large yellow croaker culture. And if the large yellow croaker moves to a seawater area with the water temperature of 20-24 ℃ and the salinity of 28-32, the large yellow croaker is cultured. The large yellow croaker culture platform 1 is generally provided with a water layer changing temperature measuring and taking system, and when the culture platform 1 is fixedly operated, culture water can be automatically extracted and enters the culture cabin 2. When the culture water of the fixed operation can not meet the requirement of the culture of the large yellow croaker, the culture platform 1 is moved to the next anchoring place with proper water temperature for the culture of the large yellow croaker.
Selecting middle and lower layer seawater of 10-20 m sea level as culture water, and performing water temperature monitoring and water quality detection to determine bacteria such as bacillary enteritis, tail rot, vibriosis, etc. in the culture water.
Step 3, sterilizing the large yellow croaker culture cabin:
cleaning the culture cabins, adding 0.8-1.5mg/L iodine, soaking the culture cabins for 3.0-4.0h for disinfection, adding the middle-lower layer seawater in the step (2), entering the culture platform 1 through the main water inlet pipe 3, and entering each culture cabin 2 through the branch water inlet pipe 4.
Step 4, putting the seedlings into a cabin:
selecting 100-150g of disease-free large yellow croaker fries per fish, and placing the fry into the culture cabin in the step 3, wherein the stocking density is 8.0-10.0kg/m3；
Step 5, adult fish culture:
the salinity of the culture water is controlled to be 28-32 and the salt difference is controlled to be 0-2.0 by monitoring and controlling. The salinity of the culture water is monitored by a salinity meter, particularly, the salt difference is noticed, and the large yellow croaker is in a stress or stressed state due to the overlarge salt difference, so that the death rate of the large yellow croaker is increased, and the ingestion and the growth of the large yellow croaker are influenced.
The water temperature of the culture water is controlled to be 20.0-24.0 ℃ by monitoring and controlling, and the daily change of the temperature difference is 0-2.0 ℃. Carry out the temperature monitoring through changing water layer temperature measurement water intaking system, especially pay attention to temperature difference around the clock. When the water temperature of the culture water is 24 ℃ in the daytime, the water temperature of the culture water is 22.0-23.0 ℃ at night; when the temperature of the culture water is 23 ℃ in the daytime, the temperature of the culture water is 21.0-22.0 ℃ at night; when the temperature of the culture water is 22 ℃ in the daytime, the temperature of the culture water is 20.0-21.0 ℃ at night.
Monitoring dissolved oxygen by a dissolved oxygen tester, and monitoring and regulating to make the dissolved oxygen of the aquaculture water be 8.0-10.0 mg/L. Monitoring the ammonia nitrogen content by an ammonia nitrogen determinator, and monitoring, regulating and controlling to enable the ammonia nitrogen content of the aquaculture water to be 0-0.8 mg/L. The nitrite content of the culture water is controlled to be 0-0.1mg/L by monitoring and controlling through rapidly measuring the nitrite content of the water quality nitrite. Monitoring the chemical oxygen demand by a COD measuring instrument, and monitoring and regulating to ensure that the chemical oxygen demand of the aquaculture water is 0-2.0 mg/L. Can reduce plant diseases and insect pests and promote the rapid growth of the large yellow croaker.
The oxygen charging machine 5 is used for charging oxygen into the culture cabin 2 to supply enough oxygen for the large yellow croaker to grow.
The illumination intensity of the culture cabin is controlled to be 500-1000 Lux by a light lamp above the culture cabin.
The water is changed through a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe of the water inlet and drainage system, the water changing amount is 10-16 total amount per day, and the flow speed is 0.2-0.4 m/s.
Bait is thrown for 2-4 times every day according to 1.0% -1.5% of the weight of the large yellow croaker.
The excrement and food residues of the large yellow croaker flow to the main drainage pipe through the drainage pipes of the culture cabins 2 along with water change, and are discharged into the sea after precipitation, filtration, impurity removal, sterilization and disinfection, so that the environmental pollution to the seawater area around the culture can be avoided.
The invention improves the quality of the large yellow croaker by monitoring, regulating and controlling the temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and the like of culture water to ensure that the culture water has a suitable and relatively stable environment, each culture cabin with the length of 20m × 20m × 16m can culture 46 thousands of large yellow croakers with the weight of 100 plus materials of 150g, the culture period is 6 months, the weight of each large yellow croaker is up to 500g, and the culture density can reach 15kg/m3Above, the yield is as high as 1500 ten thousand yuan.
Example 2:
step 1, building a large yellow croaker culture platform 1. As shown in fig. 1, the breeding platform 1 comprises a breeding cabin 2 and a water inlet and drainage system, wherein the water inlet and drainage system comprises a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the water inlet pipe comprises a main water inlet pipe 3 and a branch water inlet pipe 4, and the branch water inlet pipe 4 is arranged on the main water inlet pipe 3; the water discharge pipe comprises a main water discharge pipe and branch water discharge pipes, and the branch water discharge pipes are arranged on the main water discharge pipe; the cultivation cabin 2 is provided with a lighting lamp, the side wall of the cultivation cabin 2 is provided with a water dividing and discharging pipe 4, the center of the cultivation cabin 2 is provided with a water dividing and discharging pipe, and the cultivation cabin 2 is internally provided with an oxygen charging machine 5.
The culture platform 1 can also be provided with a variable water layer temperature measurement water taking system, a water quality monitoring system, a feeding system and the like, and the culture environment of the large yellow croakers is intelligently monitored and controlled.
The light lamps above the cultivation cabin can realize single lamp and cluster control. According to the specific culture environment of the large yellow croaker, the illumination intensity is controlled through the single lamp and the clusters so as to monitor and control the optimum illumination of the large yellow croaker.
Step 2, selecting culture water:
selecting middle-lower layer seawater 12-18 meters away from the shore and sea level as culture water, monitoring water temperature and detecting water quality, determining bacteria such as bacterial enteritis, tail rot, vibriosis and the like in the culture water, monitoring and regulating the water temperature to be 21-22 ℃, and the salinity to be 29-30.
Step 3, sterilizing the large yellow croaker culture cabin:
cleaning the culture cabins, adding 1.0-1.2mg/L iodine, soaking the culture cabins for 3.2-3.5h for disinfection, adding the middle-lower layer seawater in the step (2), entering the culture platform 1 through the main water inlet pipe 3, and entering each culture cabin 2 through the branch water inlet pipe 4.
Step 4, putting the seedlings into a cabin:
selecting 120-140g of disease-free large yellow croaker fries per fish fry to be placed into the culture cabin in the step 3, wherein the stocking density is 9kg/m3；
Step 5, adult fish culture:
monitoring and controlling to make the salinity of the culture water be 29-30 and the salt difference be 0-1.0. The water temperature of the culture water is controlled to be 21.0-22.0 ℃ by monitoring and controlling, and the daily change of the temperature difference is 0-1.0 ℃. Monitoring and regulating to make the dissolved oxygen of the aquaculture water be 8.0-9.0 mg/L. Monitoring and regulating to make the ammonia nitrogen content of the aquaculture water be 0.4-0.6 mg/L. Monitoring and regulating to make the nitrite content of the aquaculture water be 0.06-0.08 mg/L. Monitoring and controlling the chemical oxygen demand of the aquaculture water to be 1.2-1.8 mg/L. Monitoring and controlling the illumination intensity to be 800Lux-900 Lux. The water exchange amount is 12-14 total amount per day, and the flow rate is 0.3 m/s. Feeding bait for 3 times per day according to 1.1-1.2% of the weight of Pseudosciaena crocea.
The invention improves the quality of the large yellow croaker by monitoring, regulating and controlling the temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and the like of the culture water to ensure that the culture water has a proper and relatively stable environment. Each 20m × 20m × 16m cultivation cabin can cultivate 44 ten thousand of large yellow croakers of 120-.
Example 3:
step 2, selecting culture water:
selecting middle-lower layer seawater of 14-15 nautical miles offshore and 14-15 meters sea level as aquaculture water, and monitoring, regulating and controlling the temperature of the aquaculture water to be 23-24 ℃ and the salinity to be 31-32.
Step 3, sterilizing the large yellow croaker culture cabin:
cleaning the culture cabins, adding 1.1mg/L iodine, soaking the culture cabins for 3.3h for disinfection, adding the middle-lower layer seawater in the step 2, entering the culture platform 1 through the main water inlet pipe 3, and entering each culture cabin 2 through the water inlet pipe 4.
Step 4, putting the seedlings into a cabin:
selecting and placing 125-135g of disease-free large yellow croaker fries in the culture cabin in the step 3, wherein the stocking density is 9.5kg/m3；
Step 5, adult fish culture:
monitoring and controlling to make the salinity of the culture water be 29-30 and the salt difference be 0.5. The water temperature of the culture water is controlled to be 21.0-22.0 ℃ by monitoring and controlling, and the daily change of the temperature difference is 0.5 ℃. Monitoring and regulating to make the dissolved oxygen of the aquaculture water be 9.0-10.0 mg/L. Monitoring and regulating to make the ammonia nitrogen content of the aquaculture water be 0.2-0.3 mg/L. Monitoring and regulating to make the nitrite content of the aquaculture water be 0.02-0.04 mg/L. Monitoring and controlling the chemical oxygen demand of the aquaculture water to be 0.6-0.8 mg/L. Monitoring and controlling the illumination intensity to be 600-700 Lux. The water exchange amount is 15 total amount per day, and the flow rate is 0.25 m/s. Feeding bait for 2 times per day according to 1.3-1.4% of the weight of Pseudosciaena crocea.
Each 20m 16m culture cabin can culture 48 ten thousand of 105-110g large yellow croakers, the culture period is 6.5-7 months, the weight of each large yellow croaker is up to 500g, and the yield is up to about 1500 ten thousand yuan.
Claims (10)
1. A culture method for improving the quality of large yellow croakers is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, building a large yellow croaker culture platform (1):
step 2, selecting culture water:
selecting middle and lower layer seawater of 10-20 nautical miles and 10-20 meters sea level from the shore as culture water;
step 3, sterilizing the large yellow croaker culture cabin:
cleaning the culture cabin, disinfecting, and adding the middle-lower layer seawater obtained in the step (2);
step 4, putting the seedlings into a cabin:
selecting 100-150g of disease-free large yellow croaker fries per fish, and placing the fry into the culture cabin in the step 3, wherein the stocking density is 8.0-10.0kg/m3；
Step 5, adult fish culture:
monitoring and regulating to make the salinity of the culture water be 28-32 and the salt difference be 0-2.0;
monitoring and controlling the temperature of the culture water to be 20.0-24.0 ℃ and the daily change of the temperature difference to be 0-2.0 ℃;
monitoring and regulating to make the dissolved oxygen of the aquaculture water be 8.0-10.0mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen content be 0-0.8mg/L, the nitrite content be 0-0.1mg/L and the chemical oxygen demand be 0-2.0 mg/L;
feeding bait for 2-4 times per day according to 1.0-1.5% of the weight of large yellow croaker.
2. The breeding method for improving the quality of the large yellow croakers according to claim 1, wherein the breeding platform (1) comprises a breeding cabin (2) and a water inlet and drainage system, the water inlet and drainage system comprises a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the water inlet pipe comprises a main water inlet pipe (3) and a branch water inlet pipe (4), and the branch water inlet pipe (4) is arranged on the main water inlet pipe (3); the water discharge pipe comprises a main water discharge pipe and branch water discharge pipes, and the branch water discharge pipes are arranged on the main water discharge pipe; the cultivation cabin is characterized in that a lighting lamp is arranged on the cultivation cabin (2), a water inlet and outlet pipe (4) is arranged on the side wall of the cultivation cabin (2), a water outlet and outlet pipe is arranged in the center of the cultivation cabin (2), and an oxygen charging machine (5) is arranged in the cultivation cabin (2).
3. The culture method for improving the quality of the large yellow croakers according to claim 1, wherein the culture water in the step 2 is medium and lower seawater of 12-18 m from the shore and the sea level, the water temperature is 20-24 ℃, and the salinity is 28-32.
4. The culture method for improving the quality of the large yellow croakers according to claim 1, wherein the disinfection of the large yellow croaker culture cabin in the step 3 is carried out by adding 0.8-1.5mg/L iodine, and soaking the culture cabin for 3.0-4.0h for disinfection.
5. The culture method for improving the quality of the large yellow croakers according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the disinfection of the large yellow croaker culture cabin in the step 3 is carried out by adding 1.0-1.2mg/L iodine and soaking the culture cabin for 3.2-3.5 h.
6. The culture method for improving the quality of the large yellow croaker according to claim 1, wherein the illumination intensity of the adult fish cultured in the step 5 is controlled to be 500Lux-1000Lux by monitoring.
7. The culture method for improving the quality of the large yellow croaker according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the adult fish culture in the step 5 is monitored and controlled to have the illumination intensity of 600Lux-700 Lux.
8. The culture method for improving the quality of the large yellow croakers according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5, the adult fishes are cultured, the water exchange amount is 10 to 16 total amount per day, and the flow rate is 0.2 to 0.4 m/s.
9. The culture method for improving the quality of the large yellow croaker according to claim 1 or 8, wherein the amount of water to be changed in the adult fish culture in step 5 is 12-14 total amount per day, and the flow rate is 0.3 m/s.
10. The culture method for improving the quality of the large yellow croaker according to claim 1, wherein in the adult fish culture in the step 5, the salinity of culture water is 29-30 and the salt difference is 1.0 by monitoring and controlling; the water temperature of the culture water is controlled to be 21.0-22.0 ℃ by monitoring and controlling, and the daily change of the temperature difference is 1.0 ℃.
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