CN111753321A - Block chain-based data security sharing method and system - Google Patents

Block chain-based data security sharing method and system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111753321A
CN111753321A CN202010603462.8A CN202010603462A CN111753321A CN 111753321 A CN111753321 A CN 111753321A CN 202010603462 A CN202010603462 A CN 202010603462A CN 111753321 A CN111753321 A CN 111753321A
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data
block chain
block
network
chain network
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胡天亮
沈卫东
张承瑞
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Shandong University
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Shandong University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60Protecting data
    • G06F21/602Providing cryptographic facilities or services
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60Protecting data
    • G06F21/64Protecting data integrity, e.g. using checksums, certificates or signatures

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  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a data security sharing method and a system based on a block chain.A third-party notary institution carries out drawing and signing to generate a generator and a verifier of a block chain network; the data provider uploads the data abstract to a block chain network, and the block chain network verifies and stores the data abstract; the data provider encrypts data corresponding to the data abstract and transmits the data to a third-party storage mechanism; the data buyer uploads the intelligent contract to the block chain network, and the block chain network verifies and stores the intelligent contract; the third-party storage mechanism transmits the data to the data purchaser; the verification and storage method of the block chain comprises the following steps: the generator packs the uploaded data into a new block, the verifier verifies the validity of the new block and connects the verified and effective new block into a block chain.

Description

Block chain-based data security sharing method and system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of block chains, in particular to a data security sharing method and system based on a block chain.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The block chain is known to push virtual currency systems such as bitcoin and the like, is an untrusted network enabler, can provide a reliable, safe and efficient solution in a distributed, dispersed and encrypted manner, and the inventor finds that the current block chain technology adopts a POW consensus mechanism, depends on strong computing power, has the defects of poor expandability and low efficiency, and cannot meet the high real-time uplink requirement of digital twin data.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a data security sharing method based on a block chain, meets the requirement of high real-time uplink of data, and overcomes the defects of poor expandability and low efficiency of the current block chain technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a data security sharing method based on a block chain, where a third-party notary organization performs a drawing and signing to generate a generator and a verifier in a block chain network; a data provider in the block chain network uploads the data abstract to a block chain, and the block chain network verifies and stores the data abstract; the data provider encrypts data corresponding to the data abstract and transmits the data to a third-party storage mechanism; a data buyer in the block chain network uploads an intelligent contract to the block chain network, and the block chain network verifies and stores the intelligent contract; the third-party storage mechanism transmits the data to the data purchaser;
the verification and storage method of the block chain comprises the following steps: and the generator packs the uploaded data into a new block, the verifier verifies the validity of the new block and connects the new block which is verified to be effective into a block chain.
In combination with the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the data is digital twin data, and the data digest is a hash value of the digital twin data.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, and the data provider further uploads price information of the data to the blockchain network, and the blockchain network verifies and stores the price information.
In combination with the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where the data is re-encrypted by proxy at the third-party storage mechanism and then transmitted to the data purchaser.
With reference to the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, where a plurality of verifiers vote on the validity of the new block to confirm the validity of the new block.
In combination with the first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, and the verifier considers 2/3 that the verifier has a greater number of approved tickets or disapproved tickets for the new chunk than the total number of tickets, and agrees with the legitimacy of the new chunk.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a block chain-based data security sharing system, including:
block chain network: the system comprises a plurality of processors, a plurality of network processors and a plurality of application servers, wherein the processors are used as nodes of a block chain and are connected through a network;
third party notarization institution: the system comprises a generator and a verifier, wherein the generator and the verifier are used for carrying out drawing and signing on the generator and the verifier in a block chain network to generate the generator and the verifier, the generator is used for packaging data uploaded to the block chain network into a new block, and the verifier is used for verifying the validity of the new block;
a third-party storage mechanism: the data processing device is used for storing the encrypted data uploaded by the data provider and sending the encrypted data to the data buyer after processing.
In combination with the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, where the third-party storage mechanism stores the encrypted data in a cloud storage or a distributed database.
In combination with the second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a possible implementation manner of the second aspect, wherein a plurality of the processors are connected wirelessly through wifi or connected through a network cable.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a block chain-based data security sharing method, which is characterized in that a data summary uploaded by a data provider is verified and stored, an intelligent contract uploaded by a data buyer is verified and stored, and confirmation information uploaded by the data buyer is verified and stored;
the confirmation information is information sent by the data purchaser after receiving the data, and the data received by the data purchaser is encrypted data which is sent by the data provider through the third-party storage mechanism and corresponds to the data abstract;
the verification and storage method comprises the following steps: and a generator generated by the third-party notarization institution in the block chain network packs the uploaded data into a new block, and a verifier generated by the third-party notarization institution in the block chain network verifies the validity of the new block, so that the verified and effective new block is connected into the block chain.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the data sharing method of the invention utilizes the random selection of the third-party notarization institution to select the generator and the verifier, fully realizes the node equality and the network decentralization of the block chain, does not need to rely on strong calculation processing capacity compared with the traditional POW consensus mechanism, avoids the bifurcation of the block chain, can improve the expansibility and the efficiency of the block chain, and improves the transaction processing capacity of the block chain.
2. According to the data sharing method, only the information abstract is stored in the block chain, the encrypted data corresponding to the abstract is stored in the third-party storage mechanism, the integrity and traceability of the data are guaranteed, the data amount stored in the block chain network can be limited, and therefore the lower storage cost and the higher operation speed of the block chain network are guaranteed.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sharing method according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block chain network according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block chain verification and storage flow diagram according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
As introduced in the background art, the current block chain technology depends on strong computing power, has the defects of poor expandability and low efficiency, and cannot meet the high real-time uplink requirement of digital twin data.
In embodiment 1 of an exemplary embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 3, a method for sharing data based on a blockchain, where a hardware structure of the blockchain adopts a hardware structure of an existing blockchain technology, and the blockchain has a plurality of network nodes, and the plurality of nodes are connected through a wireless or wired network, and the network structure of the blockchain is a distributed network, such as a peer-to-peer network, and the plurality of nodes implement data sharing.
In this embodiment, the blockchain technique is applied to the field of welding robots, and the nodes include a plurality of processors, and users of the processors are a designer 201, a manufacturer 202, a debugger 203, a user 204, a maintainer 205, a recycler 206 of the welding robot, and further include a processor 207 of the welding robot itself. The nodes are connected through a network to form a block chain network, the network is a licensed network, and new nodes need to be licensed when joining the network.
The data sharing method of the block chain comprises the following steps:
and the third-party notarization institution determines the mid-signing probability according to the number of the nodes, and performs the drawing signing on the generator and the verifier in the block chain network by using a random function, wherein the mid-signing probability of the generator is 1% and the mid-signing probability of the verifier is 10%, for example.
The third-party notarization institution is an institution which can provide certification service, has no interest relationship with a block chain network, nodes participating in data transaction and the like, can be a notarization institution established by the government, and can also be a company with good reputation.
In one implementation, the processor corresponding to the welding robot designer is abstracted as the generator, and the manufacturer, debugger, user, and maintainer of the welding robot are abstracted as the verifier.
In this embodiment, the welding robot is provided with three welding robots, one welding robot is a data provider 101, the other welding robot is a data purchaser 104, and the third welding robot is a party not participating in a transaction 103.
The data provider 101 (i.e., a welding robot that owns all or part of the digital twin data of a product or device or system) uploads a data digest 111 of the data, which is the digital twin data, to the blockchain network 102, and the data provider also uploads price information 113 (including the price amount of the data) of the data, which is a hash of the digital twin data, which is a value calculated from a set functional relationship using the digital twin data element as an argument, the set functional relationship being characterized by an irreversibility, i.e., a value that cannot be calculated from the calculated value back.
After a data provider uploads a data abstract and price information of data to a block chain network, the block chain network verifies and stores the uploaded data abstract, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
the processor abstracted as the generator, i.e. the processor controlled by the designer of the welding robot, packs the uploaded data summary and price information into a new block, which is a new data block that can be stored in the node and broadcasts the new block into the blockchain network. And after receiving the broadcasted new block, voting and verifying the legality of the new block by using processors extracted as verifiers, namely processors controlled by a manufacturer, a debugger, a user and a maintainer of the welding robot, confirming that the legality of the new block is valid when the number of tickets for which the legality is approved exceeds the total number of tickets 2/3, and confirming that the legality of the new block is invalid when the number of tickets for which the legality is not approved exceeds the total number of tickets 2/3, wherein the third party notarization institution carries out the drawing again and repeats the steps.
By means of a third-party notarization mechanism, the block chain network node equality and the network decentralization are fully realized, and random generator and verifier selection is carried out through drawing lots.
After the new block is validated, all nodes of the blockchain network connect the new block to the blockchain, at which point the data digest is verified and stored on the blockchain network.
The data provider encrypts the data corresponding to the data abstract by using a symmetric encryption algorithm or an asymmetric encryption algorithm, so that the original digital twin data which is originally a plaintext becomes an unreadable ciphertext, and the original content can be displayed only after a corresponding key is input.
The data provider transmits the encrypted data to a third-party storage authority 105, which stores the encrypted data using cloud storage or a distributed database.
The encrypted digital twin data is stored in a distributed database or cloud storage 105. In this way, the integrity and traceability of the digital twin data are ensured in particular. In particular, the data amount stored by the block chain can be limited, so that the lower storage cost and the higher running speed of the block chain are ensured.
The data purchaser 104 (i.e., a welding robot that needs to purchase or acquire all or part of the digital twin data of a product or device or system) uploads a smart contract 114, which is a piece of executable program that contains the digital signature and negotiated terms of the data supplier of the digital twin data and the data purchaser of the digital twin data, to the blockchain network.
The blockchain network verifies and stores the intelligent contracts, and the verification and storage method is the same as the method for verifying and storing the data digests, and repeated description is not carried out here.
The third-party storage mechanism converts the stored encrypted data using proxy re-encryption and sends the converted data 115 to the data purchaser 104, and the proxy re-encryption data provider delegates trusted third-party storage mechanisms, such as distributed databases or cloud storage, to convert the encrypted data into a ciphertext that the data purchaser can unwrap.
The encrypted digital twin data is encrypted again by a third party and then shared by the third party by using the proxy re-encryption. In this way, the security of the digital twin data in the sharing process is ensured.
After receiving the data to be purchased, the data purchaser sends confirmation information to the blockchain, the blockchain verifies and stores the confirmation information, and the verification and storage method adopts the same verification and storage method as the data abstract and the intelligent contract, and repeated description is not performed.
Example 2:
the embodiment discloses a data sharing system based on a block chain, which comprises a block chain network, a third-party storage mechanism and a third-party notarization mechanism.
The blockchain network comprises a plurality of processors, wherein the processors are used as nodes of the blockchain network, in the embodiment, the blockchain network comprises the processors of a plurality of welding robots and the processors controlled by designers, manufacturers, debuggers, users, maintainers and recyclers of the welding robots, the processors are connected with one another through a WIFI wireless network or a wired network to form the blockchain network, a communication protocol of the network connection is a TCP/IP protocol, the blockchain network is an admission network, and new node addition needs network admission to prevent malicious nodes from entering the blockchain.
The third-party storage mechanism is used for storing encrypted data transmitted by a data provider, and a storage with a distributed database or an online virtual server capable of performing cloud storage can be adopted.
The third party notarization institution adopts a certification-providing institution having no interest relationship with each node of the block chain, such as a government-established notarization institution, or a company with good reputation, a notarization institution or a company provided with a special processor for performing the drawing operation.
Example 3:
the embodiment discloses a data sharing method based on a block chain, which comprises the steps of verifying and storing a data abstract uploaded by a data provider, verifying and storing an intelligent contract uploaded by a data buyer, and verifying and storing confirmation information uploaded by a data buyer area;
the confirmation information is information sent by the data purchaser after receiving the data, and the data received by the data purchaser is encrypted data which is sent by the data provider through the third-party storage mechanism and corresponds to the data abstract;
the encryption adopts a symmetric encryption algorithm or an asymmetric encryption algorithm, and the third-party storage mechanism can store the encrypted data through a distributed database or cloud storage.
The verification and storage method comprises the following steps: and a generator generated by the third-party notarization institution in the block chain network packs the uploaded data into a new block, and a verifier generated by the third-party notarization institution in the block chain network verifies the validity of the new block, so that the verified and effective new block is connected into the block chain.
The third-party notarization institution adopts a notarization institution established by a government department or a company with good reputation, is provided with a processor for performing drawing operation, and is used for drawing and signing a generator and a verifier to generate the generator and the verifier, wherein the generator is used for packaging data uploaded to the block chain network into a new block, and the verifier is used for verifying the validity of the new block.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A safe sharing method of data based on block chain is characterized in that,
the third-party notarization institution carries out drawing and signing to generate a generator and a verifier in the block chain network;
the data provider uploads the data abstract to a block chain network, and the block chain network verifies and stores the data abstract;
the data provider encrypts data corresponding to the data abstract and transmits the data to a third-party storage mechanism;
the data buyer uploads the intelligent contract to the block chain network, and the block chain network verifies and stores the intelligent contract; the third-party storage mechanism transmits the data to the data purchaser;
the verification and storage method of the block chain comprises the following steps: and the generator packs the uploaded data into a new block, the verifier verifies the validity of the new block and connects the new block which is verified to be effective into a block chain.
2. The safe sharing method for data based on block chains as claimed in claim 1, wherein the data is digital twin data, and the data digest is a hash value of the digital twin data.
3. The safe sharing method of data based on blockchain as claimed in claim 1, wherein the data provider further uploads the price information of the data to the blockchain network, and the blockchain network verifies and stores the price information.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the data is re-encrypted by a third-party storage mechanism in proxy and then transmitted to the data purchaser.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the verifiers vote on the validity of the new block to confirm the validity of the new block.
6. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the verifier considers that the verifier agrees with the validity of the new block if the number of approved tickets or disapproved tickets of the new block is greater than 2/3 of the total number of tickets.
7. A system for securely sharing data based on a blockchain, comprising:
block chain network: the system comprises a plurality of processors, a plurality of processors and a plurality of communication modules, wherein the processors are used as nodes of a block chain network and are connected through the network;
third party notarization institution: the system comprises a generator and a verifier, wherein the generator is used for packaging data uploaded to a block chain network into a new block, and the verifier is used for verifying the validity of the new block;
a third-party storage mechanism: the data processing device is used for storing the encrypted data uploaded by the data provider and sending the encrypted data to the data buyer after processing.
8. The system according to claim 7, wherein the third-party storage mechanism stores the encrypted data in a cloud storage or a distributed database.
9. The system according to claim 7, wherein the plurality of processors are connected wirelessly via wifi or wired via network cable.
10. A data security sharing method based on a block chain is characterized in that:
verifying and storing the data abstract uploaded by the data provider;
verifying and storing the intelligent contract uploaded by the data buyer;
verifying and storing the confirmation information uploaded by the data purchasing area;
the confirmation information is information sent by the data purchaser after receiving the data, and the data received by the data purchaser is encrypted data which is sent by the data provider through the third-party storage mechanism and corresponds to the data abstract;
the verification and storage method comprises the following steps: and a generator generated by the third-party notarization institution in the block chain network packs the uploaded data into a new block, and a verifier generated by the third-party notarization institution in the block chain network verifies the validity of the new block, so that the verified and effective new block is connected into the block chain.
CN202010603462.8A 2020-06-29 2020-06-29 Block chain-based data security sharing method and system Pending CN111753321A (en)

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