CN111751679A - Alternating current voltage withstand test device and method for upper-layer wire rods of stator of hydraulic generator - Google Patents
Alternating current voltage withstand test device and method for upper-layer wire rods of stator of hydraulic generator Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The traditional set of ultra-large capacity variable frequency series resonance voltage-withstanding device is optimized into a combination form of a plurality of groups of small capacity variable frequency series resonance voltage-withstanding devices, any group of small capacity voltage-withstanding devices can operate independently, any group of groups can be used in combination according to the capacitance and voltage-withstanding grade of a test article, the problem that the existing large generator upper line bar alternating current voltage-withstanding test is difficult is solved by combining machine types such as a variable frequency power supply and an excitation transformer, the combined variable frequency power supply and the like can be put into use completely or partially during testing, the use of the whole set of device cannot be influenced by the single combined fault, the fault tolerance rate is high, and the device is suitable for popularization in the voltage-withstanding test of a winding bar winding of a large hydraulic generator.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of production test of hydraulic generators, in particular to an alternating current withstand voltage test device and method for an upper-layer wire rod of a hydraulic generator stator.
Background
At present, the stator of a large-scale hydroelectric generating set is installed in a field off-line mode, according to the requirements of national standard GB/T8564-2003 'technical specification for installing the hydroelectric generating set', after the upper-layer wire rod of the generator is embedded, before the slot wedge is punched with an electric connector for welding, an alternating current withstand voltage test needs to be carried out on the upper-layer wire rod, and insulation defects of the wire rod in the installation process are discovered in time. Because the electric joint distance between the upper and lower layer line stick is close (generally only 2 ~ 3mm), it is comparatively difficult to adopt insulating isolation, and very easily punctures insulating isolation damage test equipment and line stick after keeping apart moreover, so the upper layer line stick generally selects to carry out withstand voltage with lower layer line stick together. The number of the upper-layer wire rods and the lower-layer wire rods of the large hydraulic generator is large and can reach 1000 and 1600, so that the integral capacitance of the upper-layer wire rods and the lower-layer wire rods is very large, and the test can be carried out only by a super-large-capacity pressure-resistant device. The conventional ultra-large capacity voltage-withstanding device has the defects of large volume, heavy weight and difficult transition of a single component, and needs an ultra-large current maintenance power switch to supply power, so that the maintenance power switch on a test site is difficult to meet the requirements.
For example, chinese patent document CN200996993Y describes a variable frequency series resonance withstand voltage test apparatus, which combines a variable frequency controller, an excitation transformer, a high voltage reactor, and a high voltage divider to realize a withstand voltage test.
Chinese patent document CN 208421136U describes a variable frequency resonance withstand voltage test apparatus which is capable of setting a test voltage, a frequency modulation range, a pressurization time, and a protection current, and has high safety and reliability, and the apparatus has overcurrent, overvoltage, IPM, and discharge protection functions.
Chinese patent document CN 206773136U describes a variable frequency series resonance withstand voltage test apparatus, which has the characteristics of simple structure and high control precision.
The above patents all refer to a single device for carrying out a voltage withstand test, and if the voltage withstand test is carried out on an upper-layer wire rod of a large-scale hydraulic generator, the capacity of the device is huge, so that the size is huge, and the power supply capacity of a test field is not easy to reach.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a device and a method for testing the alternating current withstand voltage of the upper-layer wire rod of the stator of the hydraulic generator, which solve the problem that the alternating current withstand voltage of the upper-layer wire rod of the existing large-scale generator is difficult to test by combining machine types such as a variable frequency power supply and an excitation transformer.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the alternating-current voltage withstand testing device for the upper-layer wire rods of the hydraulic generator stator comprises a plurality of variable-frequency power supplies VF, a plurality of exciting transformers, a plurality of fixed reactors L, a standard capacitor C and a high-voltage divider, wherein the input end of each variable-frequency power supply VF is connected with a power switch, the output end of each variable-frequency power supply VF is connected with a low-voltage winding of each exciting transformer, a fixed reactor group L, a standard capacitor C and a high-voltage winding of each exciting transformer connected in series form a loop, the high-voltage divider is connected with the standard capacitor C in parallel, a voltage measuring line of the high-voltage divider is connected with the variable-frequency power supplies VF, and.
The high-voltage windings of the four small-capacity excitation transformers in the set are connected in series end to end and grounded at the tail end, so that the function of one large-capacity excitation transformer is realized;
the device comprises four small-capacity variable-frequency power supplies VF, and each small variable-frequency power supply is independently supplied with power by different power switches. The invention splits a high-capacity variable frequency power supply into a plurality of small-capacity variable frequency power supplies, and each small-capacity variable frequency power supply can be respectively supplied with power through different power switches according to the requirementsIt can be seen that under certain conditions of U and S, if I is shared by a plurality of different power switches, each power switch only needs to provide a small current, which greatly reduces the requirement for the current capacity of a single switch.
The high-voltage windings of the excitation transformers are connected in series end to end, and the tail ends of the high-voltage windings are grounded, so that the function of a high-capacity excitation transformer is realized.
Each of the plurality of variable frequency power supplies VF is individually supplied with power by a different power switch.
One of the variable frequency power supplies VF is used as a host, and the control ends of other variable frequency power supplies VF are respectively connected with the host, namely the host outputs three synchronous control signals through the control ends to control the IGBT drives of other variable frequency power supplies, thereby realizing the synchronous control of the variable frequency power supplies VF.
In a preferred scheme, an input filter is arranged between the power switch and the input end of the variable frequency power supply VF, and because the variable frequency power supply is a nonlinear load, the current at the side of the power switch contains harmonic waves, and the filtering of the current harmonic waves at the side of the power switch can improve the power quality of a power grid.
In a preferred embodiment, an output filter is disposed between the output end of the variable frequency power supply VF and the input end of the excitation transformer. And voltage harmonics output by the frequency conversion power supply can be filtered to prevent the test sample from being mistakenly worn.
Foretell fixed reactor group L adopts circular multistage or stacked structure to be equipped with insulator foot, the volume of reactor group can be dwindled to this kind of structure, reduces the space that occupies, is more convenient for carry out test work.
The alternating current withstand voltage testing method using the device comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determining the combination mode, working frequency and high-voltage current of the fixed reactor according to the capacitance and voltage-resisting grade of the test article, and firstly pressing f0Estimation of inductance required for resonance at 50HzThen inquiring the combined mode-inductorCorresponding to the table to find out the required inductance L0The closest inductance L1The corresponding series-parallel connection mode is the combination mode required by people; then through the inductor L1Calculating the actual operating frequencyThen, the high voltage current I is calculated1=2πf1CxUx;
Step two: the number of each component in the device is selected, and the electrical parameters are checked, wherein the electrical parameters comprise the selection of a fixed reactor, an exciting transformer, a variable frequency power supply input line, a power switch and the like:
1) and (4) selecting a fixed reactor. The device contains 12 fixed reactors, and the inductance value of each reactor is LL1Rated operating voltage of UL1Rated working current of IL1. The combination mode of the fixed reactor meets the requirements of voltage-resistant grade and high-voltage output current, namely N1×UL1≥Ux,N2×IL1≥I1In which N is1For the number of series-connected fixed reactances in each group, N2The number of the parallel fixed reactor groups is;
2) the selection of the excitation transformer, this set of apparatus contains 4 excitation transformers altogether, the rated voltage of each excitation transformer is UC1Capacity of SC1. The total voltage and total capacity of the combined excitation transformer should not be lower than the test voltage UxAnd test capacity Sx=UxI1I.e. UC1×N3≥Ux,SC1×N3≥SxWherein N is3The number of the exciting transformers is;
3) the device comprises 4 variable frequency power supplies with the capacity of SP1. The total capacity of the combined variable frequency power supply should not be lower than the test capacity SxI.e. SP1×N4≥SxWherein N is4The number of the variable frequency power supplies is;
4) and selecting an input line of the variable frequency power supply.Assuming that the variable frequency power supplies run at full power, the rated voltage of each variable frequency power supply is UP1The current capacity of the power input line per square millimeter is Ir. The line diameter of the selected power input line should be greater thanMillimeter2;
5) The selection of the power switch connected with the input line of the variable frequency power supply can be calculated to be larger than the current of the power switch connected with the input line of the variable frequency power supply according to the equal capacityMounting;
step three: preparing a test article, namely, short-circuiting an upper layer wire rod and a lower layer wire rod together at the upper end of a stator wire rod in a bare copper wire winding mode;
step four: preparing wiring, connecting a test instrument according to requirements, connecting a power line, a grounding line and a pressurizing line, connecting a power switch, an input filter, a variable frequency power supply VF, an output filter and an excitation transformer, connecting the output end of the excitation transformer in series end to end, grounding the tail end, forming a loop by a fixed reactor group L, a standard capacitor C and the excitation transformer connected in series, connecting a high-voltage divider and the standard capacitor C in parallel, connecting a voltage measuring line of the high-voltage divider with the variable frequency power supply VF, and connecting the high-voltage end of the high-voltage divider to a three-phase winding of a generator stator;
step five: setting an instrument, turning on a variable frequency power supply, and setting a test voltage, overvoltage protection setting, overcurrent protection setting and the like;
step six: starting boosting operation, selecting a manual mode to boost, adjusting frequency and observing real-time voltage, wherein the real-time voltage is a resonance point when reaching the maximum value, pressing a confirmation button to enter a boosting interface, automatically starting timing by an instrument after boosting to a set test voltage, and reading and recording test data;
step seven: the depressurization operation is started. After the automatic timing is finished, the testing device can automatically reduce the voltage to zero, the variable frequency power supply is turned off, the power switch is turned off, the testing connection wire is removed, and the working site is cleaned.
In the first step of the test method, the fixed reactors in the fixed reactors L are combined in advance according to various possible modes, then a capacitance and inductance tester is used for measuring the combined inductance value, and a combination mode-inductance correspondence table is manufactured.
The invention provides a device and a method for testing the alternating current withstand voltage of the upper-layer wire rod of the stator of the hydraulic generator, which have the following advantages:
(1) the device is formed by combining a plurality of groups of equipment, any one group of equipment can be used independently, and can be combined for use according to the requirements so as to meet the voltage withstanding requirements of various test articles with different capacitance sizes and voltage grades;
(2) the input power supply of the whole set of device is split into a plurality of small-capacity variable frequency power supplies, each small-capacity variable frequency power supply can be independently powered by different power switches according to the requirementsUnder the condition that U and S are fixed, if I is shared by a plurality of different power switches, each power switch only needs to provide a small current, so that the requirement on the current capacity of a single switch is greatly reduced, and the problem of insufficient capacity of a field maintenance power supply is solved;
(3) the split of the large-capacity variable frequency power supply is divided into a plurality of small-capacity variable frequency power supplies, and the large-capacity excitation transformer is also split, so that the size and the weight of each module in the device are greatly reduced, and the device is very convenient to transfer and transport. Meanwhile, after being split, the variable frequency power supplies and the excitation transformers can be replaced mutually and are mutually standby, so that the fault tolerance of the device is greatly improved;
(4) the filter has been all set up in variable frequency power supply's both sides in this set of equipment, can improve the electric energy quality of electric wire netting through filtering switch side current harmonic, and the voltage harmonic through filtering variable frequency power supply output can prevent that the sample from being worn by mistake.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the preferred embodiment;
fig. 3 is a wiring diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: the generator comprises a power switch 1, an input filter 2, a variable frequency power supply VF3, an output filter 4, an exciting transformer 5, a fixed reactor group L6, a standard capacitor C7, a high-voltage divider 8 and a three-phase winding 9 of a generator stator.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the ac voltage withstand test device for the upper-layer wire rod of the stator of the hydraulic generator comprises a plurality of variable frequency power supplies VF3, a plurality of excitation transformers 5, a plurality of fixed reactors L6, a standard capacitor C7, and a high voltage divider 8, wherein the input end of each variable frequency power supply VF3 is connected with a power switch 1, the output end of each variable frequency power supply VF3 is connected with the low voltage winding of the excitation transformer 5, a loop is formed by a fixed reactor group L6, the standard capacitor C7 and the high voltage winding of the excitation transformer 5 connected in series, the high voltage divider 8 is connected in parallel with the standard capacitor C7, the voltage measurement line of the high voltage divider 8 is connected with the variable frequency power supply VF3, and the high voltage end of the high.
As shown in fig. 1, the large-capacity voltage-withstanding device can be formed by combining four groups of small-capacity voltage-withstanding devices, any group of small-capacity voltage-withstanding devices can operate independently, and any group number between 1 and 4 groups can be combined and used as required, and the high-voltage windings of four small-capacity excitation transformers in the large-capacity excitation transformer realize the function of a large-capacity excitation transformer in a mode of serial connection from head to tail and grounding from tail;
as shown in fig. 1, the apparatus includes four small-capacity variable frequency power supplies VF, each of which is individually powered by a different power switch. Book (I)The invention divides a high-capacity variable frequency power supply into a plurality of small-capacity variable frequency power supplies, and each small-capacity variable frequency power supply can be respectively supplied with power through different power switches according to the requirementsIt can be seen that under certain conditions of U and S, if I is shared by a plurality of different power switches, each power switch only needs to provide a small current, which greatly reduces the requirement for the current capacity of a single switch.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the high-voltage windings of the excitation transformers 5 are connected in series end to end and grounded end to realize the function of a large-capacity excitation transformer.
As shown in fig. 1, the above-mentioned plurality of variable frequency power supplies VF3, each of which is individually powered by a different power switch 1.
As shown in fig. 3, one of the variable frequency power supplies VF3 serves as a host, and the control terminals of the other variable frequency power supplies VF3 are connected to the host, respectively, that is, the host outputs three synchronous control signals through the control terminals to control the IGBT drivers of the other variable frequency power supplies, thereby implementing synchronous control of the three synchronous control signals.
In a preferred scheme, as shown in fig. 2, an input filter 2 is disposed between the power switch 1 and the input end of the variable frequency power supply VF3, so that the current on the side of the power switch contains harmonics due to the nonlinear load of the variable frequency power supply, and the filtering of the current harmonics on the side of the power switch can improve the power quality of the power grid.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, an output filter 4 is disposed between the output end of the variable frequency power source VF3 and the input end of the excitation transformer 5. And voltage harmonics output by the frequency conversion power supply can be filtered to prevent the test sample from being mistakenly worn.
The fixed reactor group L6 adopts a circular multistage or stacked structure and is provided with an insulating base, the size of the reactor group can be reduced by the structure, the occupied space is reduced, and the test work is more convenient.
The alternating current withstand voltage testing method using the device comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determining the combination mode, working frequency and high-voltage current of the fixed reactor according to the capacitance and voltage-resisting grade of the test article, and firstly pressing f0Estimation of inductance required for resonance at 50HzThen, the combination mode-inductance mapping table is inquired to find out the inductance L required by the combination mode-inductance mapping table0The closest inductance L1The corresponding series-parallel connection mode is the combination mode required by people; then through the inductor L1Calculating the actual operating frequencyThen, the high voltage current I is calculated1=2πf1CxUx;
Step two: the number of each component in the device is selected, and the electrical parameters are checked, wherein the electrical parameters comprise the selection of a fixed reactor, an exciting transformer, a variable frequency power supply input line, a power switch and the like:
1) and (4) selecting a fixed reactor. The device contains 12 fixed reactors, and the inductance value of each reactor is LL1Rated operating voltage of UL1Rated working current of IL1. The combination mode of the fixed reactor meets the requirements of voltage-resistant grade and high-voltage output current, namely N1×UL1≥Ux,N2×IL1≥I1In which N is1For the number of series-connected fixed reactances in each group, N2The number of the parallel fixed reactor groups is;
2) the selection of the excitation transformer, this set of apparatus contains 4 excitation transformers altogether, the rated voltage of each excitation transformer is UC1Capacity of SC1. The total voltage and total capacity of the combined excitation transformer should not be lower than the test voltage UxAnd test capacity Sx=UxI1I.e. UC1×N3≥Ux,SC1×N3≥SxWherein N is3The number of the exciting transformers is;
3) the device comprises 4 variable frequency power supplies with the capacity of SP1. The total capacity of the combined variable frequency power supply should not be lower than the test capacity SxI.e. SP1×N4≥SxWherein N is4The number of the variable frequency power supplies is;
4) and selecting an input line of the variable frequency power supply. Assuming that the variable frequency power supplies run at full power, the rated voltage of each variable frequency power supply is UP1The current capacity of the power input line per square millimeter is Ir. The line diameter of the selected power input line should be greater thanMillimeter2;
5) The selection of the power switch connected with the input line of the variable frequency power supply can be calculated to be larger than the current of the power switch connected with the input line of the variable frequency power supply according to the equal capacityMounting;
step three: preparing a test article, namely, short-circuiting an upper layer wire rod and a lower layer wire rod together at the upper end of a stator wire rod in a bare copper wire winding mode;
step four: preparing wiring, connecting a test instrument as required, connecting a power line, a ground line and a pressure line, connecting a power switch 1, an input filter 2, a variable frequency power supply VF3, an output filter 4 and an excitation transformer 5, connecting the output end of the excitation transformer 5 in series end to end, grounding the tail end, forming a loop by a fixed reactor group L6, a standard capacitor C7 and the excitation transformer 5 connected in series, connecting a high-voltage divider 8 and the standard capacitor C7 in parallel, connecting a voltage measuring line of the high-voltage divider 8 with the variable frequency power supply VF3, and connecting the high-voltage end of the high-voltage divider 8 to a three-phase winding 9 of a generator stator;
step five: setting an instrument, turning on a variable frequency power supply, and setting a test voltage, overvoltage protection setting, overcurrent protection setting and the like;
step six: starting boosting operation, selecting a manual mode to boost, adjusting frequency and observing real-time voltage, wherein the real-time voltage is a resonance point when reaching the maximum value, pressing a confirmation button to enter a boosting interface, automatically starting timing by an instrument after boosting to a set test voltage, and reading and recording test data;
step seven: the depressurization operation is started. After the automatic timing is finished, the testing device can automatically reduce the voltage to zero, the variable frequency power supply is turned off, the power switch is turned off, the testing connection wire is removed, and the working site is cleaned.
In the first step of the test method, the fixed reactors in the fixed reactor L6 are combined in advance in various possible ways, then a capacitance and inductance tester is used to measure the combined inductance value, and a combination-inductance correspondence table is made, and in the first step of the test method, the combination of the fixed reactors L6 which meets the requirements can be quickly found out in a table look-up manner.
Claims (9)
1. Hydro-generator stator upper wire stick alternating-current withstand voltage testing arrangement includes a plurality of variable frequency power supply VF (3), a plurality of exciting transformer (5), a plurality of fixed reactor L (6), standard capacitor C (7), high voltage divider (8), characterized by: the input end of each variable frequency power supply VF (3) is connected with the power switch (1), the output end of the variable frequency power supply VF (3) is connected with the low-voltage winding of the exciting transformer (5), the fixed reactor group L (6), the standard capacitor C (7) and the high-voltage winding of the exciting transformer (5) which are connected in series form a loop, the high-voltage divider (8) is connected with the standard capacitor C (7) in parallel, the voltage measuring line of the high-voltage divider (8) is connected with the variable frequency power supply VF (3), and the high-voltage end of the high-voltage divider (8) is connected with a three-phase winding (9) of a generator.
2. The alternating current withstand voltage testing device for the wire rods on the upper layer of the hydraulic generator stator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the high-voltage windings of the excitation transformers (5) are connected in series end to end, and the tail ends of the high-voltage windings are grounded.
3. The alternating current withstand voltage testing device for the wire rods on the upper layer of the hydraulic generator stator according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: and each variable frequency power supply VF (3) is independently supplied with power by a different power switch (1).
4. The alternating current withstand voltage testing device for the wire rods on the upper layer of the hydraulic generator stator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: one of the variable frequency power supplies VF (3) is used as a host, and the control ends of other variable frequency power supplies VF (3) are respectively connected with the host.
5. The alternating current withstand voltage testing device for the wire rods on the upper layer of the hydraulic generator stator according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: an input filter (2) is arranged between the power switch (1) and the input end of the variable frequency power supply VF (3).
6. The alternating current withstand voltage testing device for the wire rods on the upper layer of the hydraulic generator stator according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: an output filter (4) is arranged between the output end of the variable frequency power supply VF (3) and the input end of the exciting transformer (5).
7. The alternating current withstand voltage testing device for the wire rods on the upper layer of the hydraulic generator stator as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the fixed reactor group L (6) adopts a circular multistage or stacked structure and is provided with an insulating base.
8. An alternating current withstand voltage test method using the device of any one of claims 1 to 7, the test method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: determining a fixed reactor combination mode, working frequency and high-voltage current according to the capacitance and voltage-resistant grade of a test article;
step two: selecting the number of each component in the device, and checking the electrical parameters of the components, wherein the electrical parameters comprise the selection of a fixed reactor, an exciting transformer, a variable frequency power supply input line, a power switch and the like;
step three: preparing a test article, namely, short-circuiting an upper layer wire rod and a lower layer wire rod together at the upper end of a stator wire rod in a bare copper wire winding mode;
step four: preparing wiring, connecting a test instrument as required, connecting a power line, a grounding line and a pressurizing line, connecting a power switch (1), an input filter (2), a variable frequency power supply VF (3), an output filter (4) and an excitation transformer (5), connecting the output end of the excitation transformer (5) in series end to end, grounding the tail end, forming a loop by a fixed reactor group L (6), a standard capacitor C (7) and the excitation transformer (5) connected in series, connecting a high-voltage divider (8) and the standard capacitor C (7) in parallel, connecting a voltage measuring line of the high-voltage divider (8) with the variable frequency power supply VF (3), and connecting the high-voltage end of the high-voltage divider (8) to a three-phase winding (9) of a generator stator;
step five: setting an instrument, turning on a variable frequency power supply, and setting a test voltage, overvoltage protection setting, overcurrent protection setting and the like;
step six: starting boosting operation, selecting a manual mode to boost, adjusting frequency and observing real-time voltage, wherein the real-time voltage is a resonance point when reaching the maximum value, pressing a confirmation button to enter a boosting interface, automatically starting timing by an instrument after boosting to a set test voltage, and reading and recording test data;
step seven: and starting voltage reduction operation, automatically reducing the voltage of the testing device to zero after the automatic timing is finished, closing the variable frequency power supply, disconnecting the power switch, removing the test wiring and cleaning the working site.
9. The ac withstand voltage testing method according to claim 8, wherein: in the first step of the testing method, the fixed reactors in the fixed reactor L (6) are combined in advance according to various possible modes, then a capacitance-inductance tester is used for measuring the combined inductance value, and a combination mode-inductance correspondence table is manufactured, and in the first step of the testing method, the combination mode of the fixed reactor L (6) meeting the requirement can be quickly found out in a table look-up mode.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112649730A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-04-13 | 国网新疆电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Simulated load device and series resonance simulation test system based on same |
CN116699346A (en) * | 2023-08-08 | 2023-09-05 | 西安高压电器研究院股份有限公司 | Power frequency withstand voltage test loop and power frequency withstand voltage test method |
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