CN111751678A - Preventive test method for transformer - Google Patents

Preventive test method for transformer Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111751678A
CN111751678A CN202010494867.2A CN202010494867A CN111751678A CN 111751678 A CN111751678 A CN 111751678A CN 202010494867 A CN202010494867 A CN 202010494867A CN 111751678 A CN111751678 A CN 111751678A
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voltage
transformer
voltage side
test
short circuit
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李佳桓
李剑平
陈智鹏
押晓添
贾拓
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Shaanxi Bairun Power Engineering Co ltd
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Shaanxi Bairun Power Engineering Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010494867.2A priority Critical patent/CN111751678A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/12Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
    • G01R31/1227Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/50Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
    • G01R31/62Testing of transformers

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)
  • Testing Of Short-Circuits, Discontinuities, Leakage, Or Incorrect Line Connections (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a preventive test method for a transformer, which is implemented according to the following contents: the high-voltage side winding interface of the transformer is respectively in short circuit with the high-voltage output ends of the three test devices, and meanwhile, the medium-voltage side interface of the transformer and the low-voltage side of the transformer are both in short circuit with the ground, and test items corresponding to the three devices on the high-voltage side are respectively completed; the high-voltage side interface of the transformer is in short circuit connection with the high-voltage output ends of the three testing devices, the high-voltage side interface of the transformer and the low-voltage side interface of the transformer are in short circuit connection with the ground, and the testing items corresponding to the three testing devices on the medium-voltage side are completed respectively; and the low-voltage side interface of the transformer is respectively in short circuit with the high-voltage output ends of the three testing devices, and meanwhile, the high-voltage side interface of the transformer and the medium-voltage side interface of the transformer are both in short circuit grounding, and the testing items corresponding to the three testing devices on the low-voltage side are respectively completed. The problem of current transformer preventive test repetitive operation waste time and manpower is solved.

Description

Preventive test method for transformer
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preventive tests of transformers, and particularly relates to a preventive test method of a transformer.
Background
The preventive test of the transformer is one of the main methods for finding and diagnosing the fault of the transformer, so the preventive test of the transformer is one of the important items for the scheduled inspection of the transformer substation or the booster station of the power plant every year. However, the testing and testing items of the transformer are more, the situation that the testing wiring modes are the same exists in the existing transformer preventive test, and each testing item needs to be replaced by one wire during the test, so that a large amount of time and labor are wasted due to repeated operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preventive test method for a transformer, which aims to solve the problem that time and labor are wasted due to repeated operation of the existing preventive test for the transformer.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the preventive test method of the transformer is implemented according to the following contents:
the high-voltage side winding A, B, C, N interface of the transformer is respectively in short circuit with the high-voltage output ends of the three test devices, meanwhile, the medium-voltage side A, B, C, N interface of the transformer and the low-voltage sides a, b, c and n of the transformer are in short circuit with the ground, and the test items corresponding to the three test devices on the high-voltage side are respectively completed;
the A, B, C, N interface on the medium-voltage side of the transformer is respectively in short circuit with the high-voltage output ends of the three test devices, meanwhile, the A, B, C, N interface on the high-voltage side of the transformer and the a, b, c and n interfaces on the low-voltage side of the transformer are in short circuit with the ground, and test items corresponding to the three test devices on the medium-voltage side are respectively completed;
the interfaces of the low voltage sides a, b, c and n of the transformers are respectively in short circuit with the high voltage output ends of the three testing devices, meanwhile, the A, B, C, N interface of the high voltage side of the transformer and the A, B, C, N interface of the medium voltage side of the transformer are both in short circuit with the ground, and the corresponding test items of the three testing devices on the low voltage side are respectively completed;
the three devices are an insulation resistance tester, a pilot frequency dielectric loss tester and a series resonance device, and the test items corresponding to the insulation resistance tester are insulation resistance, absorption ratio and polarization index of a winding; the test item corresponding to the pilot frequency dielectric loss tester is an alternating current withstand voltage test; the test items correspondingly completed by the series resonance equipment are the dielectric loss factor tangent angle tg value and the capacitance value.
Further, when an insulation resistance tester is used for testing, the insulation resistance value can be obtained by utilizing the voltage or the current generated by the insulation resistance tester, and the insulation resistance value is qualified when the insulation resistance value is larger than or equal to 2500M omega according to the specification of the preventive test program of DL/T596-1996 power equipment.
Furthermore, when the series resonance equipment is used for testing, the duration time of the alternating current withstand voltage is more than or equal to 1min, and no discharge phenomenon or current mutation phenomenon exists, namely the alternating current withstand voltage is qualified.
Furthermore, when the pilot frequency dielectric loss tester is used for testing, the high-voltage winding is tested to have a low-voltage winding and ground tg less than 1%, and the capacitance value and the factory value are not obviously changed, namely the test is qualified.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: through improving the line connection mode among the testing process, realize once that the wiring satisfies a plurality of different transformer preventive tests, practiced thrift time and manpower, improved transformer preventive test's efficiency, when guaranteeing safety, accomplishing the task of examining certainly fast, also can guarantee transformer and power equipment's safe, steady operation.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
First, the preventive test of the existing transformer includes: insulation resistance, absorption ratio, polarization index of the winding; a dielectric loss factor tangent angle tg and a capacitance value; performing an alternating current withstand voltage test; insulation resistance, absorption ratio and polarization index of the iron core and the clamping piece; a direct current resistance of the winding; the transformation ratio of the transformer, the wiring group, etc.
1. The existing experimental method for the insulation resistance, the absorption ratio and the polarization index of the transformer winding comprises the following steps:
high-side to medium-side, low-side and ground: the high-voltage side A, B, C, N is in short circuit with the high-voltage output of the insulation resistance tester, the medium-voltage side and the low-voltage sides a, b, c and n are in short circuit with the ground, the voltage or current generated by the insulation resistance tester is utilized to obtain the insulation resistance value, and the insulation resistance value is not less than 2500M omega according to the specification of the DL/T596-1996 electrical equipment preventive test program;
medium-to-high, low-and ground: the A, B, C, N phase of the medium voltage side is in short circuit connection with the high voltage output of the insulation resistance tester, the A, B, C, N phase of the high voltage side and the low voltage side are in short circuit connection with the ground, the voltage or the current generated by the insulation resistance tester can be used for obtaining the insulation resistance value, and the insulation resistance value is not less than 2500M omega according to the specification of the DL/T596-1996 electrical equipment preventive test;
low-to-high pressure side, medium pressure side and ground: the phases a, b, c and n on the low-voltage side are in short circuit connection with the high-voltage output of the insulation resistance tester, the phases A, B, C, N on the high-voltage side and the medium-voltage side are in short circuit connection with the ground, the voltage or the current generated by the insulation resistance tester is utilized to obtain the insulation resistance value, and the insulation resistance value is not less than 2500M omega according to the specification of the preventive test of DL/T596-1996 power equipment;
the whole is to the ground: the high voltage side, the medium voltage side and the low voltage side A, B, C, N are all short-circuited together and then connected with the high voltage output of a megger, the voltage or current generated by an insulation resistance tester can be used for obtaining the insulation resistance value, and the insulation resistance value is not less than 2500M omega according to the specification of the DL/T596-1996 power equipment preventive test.
2. The existing transformer winding alternating current withstand voltage test method is as follows:
the test adopts a series resonance device for pressurization, and the test frequency is adjusted to be more than 40 Hz. When the test is carried out, the test piece is put into practical use,
high-voltage side voltage withstanding, namely, the high-voltage side A, B, C, N is in short circuit with the high-voltage output end of the series resonance equipment, the medium-voltage side A, B, C, N and the low-voltage sides a, b, c and n are in short circuit with grounding, according to the specification of DL/T596-1996 power equipment preventive test, the alternating current voltage withstanding lasts for 1min, and no discharge phenomenon or current mutation phenomenon exists, namely the alternating current voltage withstanding is qualified;
medium-pressure side withstand voltage: the A, B, C, N phase short circuit of the medium voltage side is connected with the high voltage output end of the series resonance equipment, the A, B, C, N phase short circuit of the high voltage side and the a, b, c and n phases of the low voltage side are grounded, the alternating current withstand voltage lasts for 1min according to the specification of the preventive test of the DL/T596-1996 electric equipment, and no discharge phenomenon and current mutation phenomenon exist, namely the alternating current withstand voltage is qualified;
pressure resistance of a low-pressure side: a. the phases b, c and n are in short circuit connection with the high-voltage output end of the series resonance equipment, the phases A, B, C, N on the high-voltage side and A, B, C, N on the medium-voltage side are in short circuit connection with the ground, the alternating current withstand voltage is kept for 1min according to the specification of the preventive test of DL/T596-1996 power equipment, and no discharge phenomenon or current mutation phenomenon exists, namely the alternating current withstand voltage is qualified;
and short-circuiting and grounding each outlet terminal of the non-tested winding, boosting the voltage by using a series resonant circuit, and applying voltages to the low-voltage side winding, the high-voltage side neutral point and the balance winding to the ground respectively, wherein the applied voltages are voltages regulated according to DL/T596-1996 power equipment preventive test regulations.
3. The existing experimental method for measuring the tangent angle tg and the capacitance value of the dielectric loss factor is as follows:
the high-voltage side winding A, B, C, N is in short circuit with the high-voltage output of the pilot frequency dielectric loss tester, the low-voltage side a, b, c and n non-tested windings are in short circuit and grounded, and the result shows that the high-voltage winding has less than 1 percent of the low-voltage winding and the ground tg, and the capacitance value and the factory value have no obvious change.
The medium-voltage side winding A, B, C, N is in short circuit connection with the high-voltage output of the pilot frequency dielectric loss tester, the high-voltage side winding A, B, C, N and the low-voltage side a, b, c and n non-tested windings are in short circuit connection with the ground, the situation that the high-voltage winding is smaller than 1% of the low-voltage winding and the ground tg is measured, and the capacitance value and the factory value are not obviously changed.
The low-voltage side windings a, b, c and n are in short circuit connection with the high-voltage output of the pilot frequency dielectric loss tester, the high-voltage side winding A, B, C, N is in short circuit connection with the ground of the non-tested winding, the low-voltage winding is tested to have the capacitance value and the factory value which are not obviously changed when the high-voltage winding and the ground tg are less than 1 percent.
Through the wiring method of the three groups of tests, the insulation resistance and the absorption ratio or the polarization index of the winding, the dielectric loss factor tangent angle tg value and the capacitance, and the wiring method of the alternating-current withstand voltage test are completely consistent, and the three groups of tests can be integrated together during the test, so that the preventive test of the transformer can be carried out more efficiently.
Secondly, the preventive test of the transformer is as follows:
1. firstly, connecting the high-voltage side wires at one time, and completing the insulation resistance, the absorption ratio, the polarization index, the dielectric loss factor tangent angle tg value and the capacitance value of the high-voltage side winding and the alternating-current withstand voltage test by replacing equipment without replacing the wires.
The high-voltage side A, B, C, N is in short circuit with the high-voltage output of the insulation resistance tester, the medium-voltage side and the low-voltage sides a, b, c and n are in short circuit with the ground, the voltage or current generated by the insulation resistance tester is utilized to obtain the insulation resistance value, and the insulation resistance value is not less than 2500M omega according to the specification of the DL/T596-1996 electrical equipment preventive test;
the high-voltage side winding A, B, C, N short-circuit pilot frequency dielectric loss tester outputs high voltage, the middle-voltage side A, B, C, N and the low-voltage side a, b, c and n non-tested windings are short-circuit grounded, it is measured that the high-voltage winding is less than 1% to the low-voltage winding and the ground tg, and the capacitance value and the factory value are not obviously changed. And only changing test equipment under the condition that the high-voltage side connecting wire of the transformer is unchanged to obtain test data which is consistent with the existing test data.
The high-voltage side A, B, C, N is in short circuit with the high-voltage output end of the series resonance equipment, the medium-voltage side A, B, C, N and the low-voltage sides a, b, c and n are in short circuit with ground, the alternating current withstand voltage lasts for 1min according to the specification of the preventive test of DL/T596-1996 power equipment, and the alternating current withstand voltage is qualified without discharge phenomenon and current mutation phenomenon.
2. After the test is finished, the high-voltage side short circuit wire is not required to be directly detached and is grounded in a short circuit mode on the low-voltage side, the medium-voltage side ground is removed, and a medium-voltage side test can be carried out by connecting the high-voltage output end of the equipment. Specifically, the medium-voltage side wires are connected at one time, and insulation resistance, absorption ratio, polarization index, dielectric loss factor tangent angle tg value and capacitance value of the medium-voltage side winding and alternating-current withstand voltage test are completed through equipment replacement without wire replacement.
The medium-voltage side A, B, C, N is in short circuit with the high-voltage output of the insulation resistance tester, the high-voltage side A, B, C, N and the low-voltage sides a, b, c and n are in short circuit with the ground, the voltage or current generated by the insulation resistance tester is utilized to obtain the insulation resistance value, and the insulation resistance value is not less than 2500M omega according to the provisions of the DL/T596-1996 electrical equipment preventive test regulations;
the medium-voltage side winding A, B, C, N is in short circuit with the high-voltage output of the pilot frequency dielectric loss tester, the high-voltage side A, B, C, N and the low-voltage side a, b, c and n are in short circuit with the ground, the medium-voltage winding is tested to be less than 1% to the low-voltage winding and the ground tg, and the capacitance value and the factory value are not obviously changed. And only changing test equipment under the condition that the medium-voltage side connecting wire of the transformer is unchanged to obtain test data which is consistent with the existing test data.
The medium-voltage side A, B, C, N is in short circuit with the high-voltage output end of the series resonance equipment, the high-voltage side A, B, C, N and the low-voltage sides a, b, c and n are in short circuit with ground, the alternating current withstand voltage lasts for 1min according to the specification of the preventive test of DL/T596-1996 power equipment, and no discharge phenomenon or current mutation phenomenon exists, namely the alternating current withstand voltage is qualified;
3. after the test is finished, the medium-voltage side short-circuit wire is not required to be directly detached and is grounded in a short circuit mode on the high-voltage side, the low-voltage side is removed, and the high-voltage output end of the connecting device can be used for performing a low-voltage side test. Specifically, the low-voltage side wires are connected at one time, and insulation resistance, absorption ratio, polarization index, dielectric loss factor tangent angle tg value and capacitance value of the low-voltage side winding and alternating current withstand voltage test are completed through equipment replacement without wire replacement.
The low-voltage sides a, b, c and n are in short circuit connection with the high-voltage output of the insulation resistance tester, the high-voltage side A, B, C, N and the medium-voltage side A, B, C, N are in short circuit connection with the ground, the voltage or current generated by the insulation resistance tester is utilized to obtain the insulation resistance value, and the insulation resistance value is not less than 2500M omega according to the provisions of DL/T596-1996 power equipment preventive test regulations;
the low-voltage side windings a, b, c and n are in short circuit connection with the high-voltage output of the pilot frequency dielectric loss tester, the high-voltage side A, B, C, N and the medium-voltage side A, B, C, N are in short circuit connection with the ground, the fact that the high-voltage winding is smaller than 1% of the low-voltage winding and the ground tg, and the capacitance value and the factory value are not obviously changed is measured. And only changing test equipment under the condition that the high-voltage side wiring of the transformer is unchanged to obtain test data consistent with the existing test data.
The low-voltage sides a, b, c and n are in short circuit connection with the high-voltage output end of the series resonance equipment, the high-voltage side A, B, C, N and the medium-voltage side A, B, C, N are in short circuit connection with the ground, according to the specification of a preventive test routine of DL/T596-1996 power equipment, the alternating-current withstand voltage lasts for 1min, and no discharge phenomenon or current mutation phenomenon exists, namely the alternating-current withstand voltage is qualified;
examples
The transformer is a No. 2 main transformer type SFP-72000/220, and insulation resistance, dielectric loss factor tangent angle tg, sleeve capacitance and alternating current withstand voltage tests of a preventive test winding are performed on the transformer. The specific test process is as follows:
the high-voltage side A, B, C, N of the transformer is in short circuit connection with the high-voltage output of the insulation resistance tester, the medium-voltage side and the low-voltage sides a, b, c and n are in short circuit connection with the ground, and the insulation resistance value 35000M omega which is more than or equal to 2500M omega is measured, so the project is qualified;
the high-voltage side winding A, B, C, N of the transformer is in short circuit connection with the high-voltage output of the pilot frequency dielectric loss tester, the middle-voltage side A, B, C, N and the low-voltage side a, b, c and n non-tested windings are in short circuit connection with the ground, and the high-voltage winding is tested to have no obvious changes in capacitance and factory values to the low-voltage winding and the ground tg 0.378%, so that the project is qualified;
the high-voltage side A, B, C, N of the transformer is in short circuit connection with the high-voltage output end of the series resonance equipment, the medium-voltage side A, B, C, N and the low-voltage sides a, b, c and n are in short circuit connection with the ground, the alternating current withstand voltage lasts for 1min, and no discharge phenomenon or current mutation phenomenon exists, namely the alternating current withstand voltage is qualified;
the medium-voltage side A, B, C, N of the transformer is in short circuit connection with the high-voltage output of the insulation resistance tester, the high-voltage side A, B, C, N and the low-voltage sides a, b, c and n are in short circuit connection with the ground, and the insulation resistance value is 28500M omega and is not less than 2500M omega, so that the project is qualified;
the medium-voltage side winding A, B, C, N of the transformer is in short circuit connection with the high-voltage output of the pilot frequency dielectric loss tester, the high-voltage side A, B, C, N and the low-voltage side a, b, c and n are in short circuit connection with the ground, and the measured result shows that the medium-voltage winding has no obvious changes to the low-voltage winding and the ground tg0.357 percent and the capacitance value and the factory value, so the project is qualified;
the medium-voltage side A, B, C, N of the transformer is in short-circuit connection with the high-voltage output end of the series resonance equipment, the high-voltage side A, B, C, N and the low-voltage sides a, b, c and n are in short-circuit connection with the ground, the alternating-current withstand voltage lasts for 1min, and the discharge phenomenon and the current mutation phenomenon do not exist, namely the alternating-current withstand voltage is qualified;
the low-voltage sides a, b, c and n are in short circuit connection with the high-voltage output of the insulation resistance tester, the high-voltage side A, B, C, N and the medium-voltage side A, B, C, N are in short circuit connection with the ground, and the insulation resistance value is 20000 MOmega and is more than or equal to 2500 MOmega, so the project is qualified;
the low-voltage side windings a, b, c and n are in short circuit connection with the high-voltage output of the pilot frequency dielectric loss tester, the high-voltage side A, B, C, N and the medium-voltage side A, B, C, N are in short circuit connection with the ground, and the fact that the high-voltage winding has no obvious change to the low-voltage winding and the ground tg 0.366%, the capacitance value and the factory value is tested, so that the project is qualified.
The low-voltage sides a, b, c and n are in short circuit connection with the high-voltage output end of the series resonance equipment, the high-voltage side A, B, C, N and the medium-voltage side A, B, C, N are in short circuit connection with the ground, the alternating current withstand voltage lasts for 1min, and the alternating current withstand voltage is qualified without discharge phenomenon and current mutation phenomenon.
According to the practical tests of the embodiment, the insulation resistance value, the dielectric loss value and the alternating-current withstand voltage obtained by adopting the technical scheme of the transformer preventive test method are consistent with the test data result of connecting a primary line by adopting test equipment which is not replaced in the prior art, the test data conforms to the specification of the DL/T596-1996 power equipment preventive test rule, and the transformer preventive test method can be put into normal operation. Meanwhile, the method greatly shortens the completion time of the whole test compared with the original test process, saves the times of wire replacement on the manpower and improves the test efficiency.

Claims (4)

1. The transformer preventive test method is characterized by being implemented according to the following contents:
the high-voltage side winding A, B, C, N interface of the transformer is respectively in short circuit with the high-voltage output ends of the three test devices, meanwhile, the medium-voltage side A, B, C, N interface of the transformer and the low-voltage sides a, b, c and n of the transformer are in short circuit with the ground, and the test items corresponding to the three test devices on the high-voltage side are respectively completed;
the A, B, C, N interface on the medium-voltage side of the transformer is respectively in short circuit with the high-voltage output ends of the three test devices, meanwhile, the A, B, C, N interface on the high-voltage side of the transformer and the a, b, c and n interfaces on the low-voltage side of the transformer are in short circuit with the ground, and test items corresponding to the three test devices on the medium-voltage side are respectively completed;
the interfaces of the low voltage sides a, b, c and n of the transformers are respectively in short circuit with the high voltage output ends of the three testing devices, meanwhile, the A, B, C, N interface of the high voltage side of the transformer and the A, B, C, N interface of the medium voltage side of the transformer are both in short circuit with the ground, and the corresponding test items of the three testing devices on the low voltage side are respectively completed;
the three devices are an insulation resistance tester, a pilot frequency dielectric loss tester and a series resonance device, and the test items corresponding to the insulation resistance tester are insulation resistance, absorption ratio and polarization index of a winding; the test item corresponding to the pilot frequency dielectric loss tester is an alternating current withstand voltage test; the test items correspondingly finished by the series resonance equipment are a dielectric loss factor tangent angle tg value and a capacitance value.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein when the insulation resistance tester is used for testing, the insulation resistance value can be obtained by using the voltage or current generated by the insulation resistance tester, and the insulation resistance value is qualified when the insulation resistance value is greater than or equal to 2500M Ω according to the DL/T596-1996 electrical equipment preventive test regulations.
3. The method for preventive test of a transformer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the duration of the ac withstand voltage is 1min or more, and there is no discharge phenomenon or current jump phenomenon, i.e., the ac withstand voltage is acceptable, when the test is performed using the series resonance device.
4. The transformer preventive test method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that when a pilot frequency dielectric loss tester is used for testing, it is measured that the high-voltage winding has less than 1% of the ground tg of the low-voltage winding, and the capacitance and the factory value have no obvious change, namely the test is qualified.
CN202010494867.2A 2020-06-03 2020-06-03 Preventive test method for transformer Pending CN111751678A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112816906A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-05-18 国电南瑞科技股份有限公司 Distribution network direct-current transformer medium-voltage side bipolar short-circuit test platform and method
CN112816906B (en) * 2020-12-28 2023-04-14 国电南瑞科技股份有限公司 Distribution network direct-current transformer medium-voltage side bipolar short-circuit test platform and method

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