CN111751090A - Device and method for measuring mechanical characteristics of circuit breaker - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring mechanical characteristics of circuit breaker Download PDFInfo
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- CN111751090A CN111751090A CN202010408660.9A CN202010408660A CN111751090A CN 111751090 A CN111751090 A CN 111751090A CN 202010408660 A CN202010408660 A CN 202010408660A CN 111751090 A CN111751090 A CN 111751090A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/30—Measuring the maximum or the minimum value of current or voltage reached in a time interval
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
- G01R31/3271—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of high voltage or medium voltage devices
- G01R31/3272—Apparatus, systems or circuits therefor
- G01R31/3274—Details related to measuring, e.g. sensing, displaying or computing; Measuring of variables related to the contact pieces, e.g. wear, position or resistance
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- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
- Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring mechanical characteristics of a circuit breaker, wherein the device comprises an FPGA processing module, a switching-on and switching-off control module, a test power supply module and a mechanical characteristic sampling module; the mechanical characteristic sampling module comprises a switching-on and switching-off time sampling unit, a switching-on and switching-off speed sampling unit, a switching-on and switching-off coil characteristic sampling unit, a first sampling plate and a second sampling plate, the switching-on and switching-off time sampling unit is connected with the FPGA processing module through the first sampling plate, and the switching-on and switching-off speed sampling unit and the switching-on and switching-off coil characteristic sampling unit are respectively connected with the FPGA processing module through the second sampling plate; the testing power supply module is connected with the FPGA processing module, and the opening and closing control module is connected with the FPGA processing module. The embodiment of the invention can effectively improve the test efficiency and the test precision of the mechanical characteristics of the circuit breaker and has better practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric power, in particular to a device and a method for measuring mechanical characteristics of a circuit breaker.
Background
The high-voltage circuit breaker is a core device of a control and protection circuit in a primary power system, the reliability of the high-voltage circuit breaker directly affects the safe and stable operation of a power grid, and an electrical test is an important means for timely finding potential hidden dangers of the circuit breaker and avoiding sudden accidents. As one of tests of conventional testing items of high-voltage circuit breakers, how to improve the efficiency and reliability of the tests needs to be further studied.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a mechanical characteristic measuring device and a mechanical characteristic measuring method of a circuit breaker, which are convenient for simultaneous measurement of different mechanical characteristic parameters in the circuit breaker and effectively improve the test precision and the test efficiency of a mechanical characteristic test.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the invention provides a mechanical characteristic measuring device of a circuit breaker, which comprises an FPGA processing module, a switching-on and switching-off control module, a test power supply module and a mechanical characteristic sampling module;
the mechanical characteristic sampling module comprises a switching-on and switching-off time sampling unit, a switching-on and switching-off speed sampling unit, a switching-on and switching-off coil characteristic sampling unit, a first sampling plate and a second sampling plate, the switching-on and switching-off time sampling unit is connected with the FPGA processing module through the first sampling plate, and the switching-on and switching-off speed sampling unit and the switching-on and switching-off coil characteristic sampling unit are respectively connected with the FPGA processing module through the second sampling plate;
the testing power supply module is connected with the FPGA processing module, and the opening and closing control module is connected with the FPGA processing module.
Optionally, the switching-on/off time sampling unit includes a plurality of differential signal processing circuits and a plurality of relays, and each differential signal processing circuit is correspondingly connected to an output end of one relay;
the circuit breaker comprises a three-way circuit breaker group, wherein the first input end of each relay in the plurality of relays is connected with the graphite contact of the corresponding circuit breaker in the circuit breaker, and the second input end of each relay in the plurality of relays is connected with the metal contact of the corresponding circuit breaker in the circuit breaker.
Optionally, the switching-on/off speed sampling unit includes a plurality of stroke sensor, each stroke sensor in a plurality of stroke sensor installs on the operating device connecting rod of the circuit breaker of the same kind that corresponds in the circuit breaker, the output of each stroke sensor in a plurality of stroke sensor is connected respectively the second sampling board.
Optionally, the switching-on/off coil characteristic sampling unit includes a current signal processing circuit and three switching-on/off relays;
the first input end of each on-off relay in the three on-off relays is connected the closing coil of the corresponding circuit breaker of the same kind in the circuit breaker, the second input end of each on-off relay in the three on-off relays is connected the opening coil of the corresponding circuit breaker of the same kind in the circuit breaker, the output end of each on-off relay in the three on-off relays is connected respectively the input end of the current signal processing circuit, and the output end of the current signal processing circuit is connected with the second sampling plate.
Optionally, the switching-on/off control module is an operating power supply, an input end of the operating power supply is connected with a peripheral commercial power supply device, an output end of the operating power supply is connected with a coil of each circuit breaker in the circuit breakers, and a control end of the operating power supply is connected with the FPGA processing module.
Optionally, the test power supply module is a 10A constant current power supply board.
Optionally, the FPGA processing module is connected to the communication interface of the EM9170 industrial control motherboard through a parallel bus.
In addition, the embodiment of the invention also provides a method for measuring the mechanical characteristics of the circuit breaker, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring a switching-on and switching-off stroke signal, a coil current signal and a main contact voltage signal which are generated in the switching-on and switching-off process of the circuit breaker;
and analyzing and processing the opening and closing stroke signal, the coil current signal and the main contact voltage signal, and calculating the mechanical characteristic parameters of the circuit breaker.
Optionally, acquiring the opening and closing stroke signal, the coil current signal and the main contact voltage signal generated by the circuit breaker in the opening and closing process includes:
the circuit breaker is controlled by an operating power supply to execute opening and closing actions, opening and closing stroke signals of the circuit breaker are acquired through an opening and closing speed sampling unit, main contact voltage signals of the circuit breaker are acquired through an opening and closing time sampling unit, and coil current signals of the circuit breaker are acquired through an opening and closing coil characteristic sampling unit.
Optionally, the mechanical characteristic parameters include a maximum value of current of the opening coil, a maximum value of current of the closing coil, a moment of just opening, a moment of just closing, opening displacement and closing displacement.
The invention provides a mechanical characteristic measuring device of a circuit breaker, which is provided with a plurality of test units aiming at the high-efficiency test requirement of the circuit breaker, can realize the functions of real-time acquisition and analysis operation of mechanical characteristic parameters of the circuit breaker, can effectively improve the test efficiency of a mechanical characteristic test, and has high reliability and better practical value.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural composition diagram of a mechanical characteristic measuring device of a circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an internal circuit of a mechanical characteristic measuring apparatus of a circuit breaker according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an internal circuit of a test power supply module according to an embodiment of the disclosure;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an internal circuit principle of the switching-on/off control module disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural composition diagram of a mechanical characteristic measurement device of a circuit breaker in an embodiment of the present invention, where the measurement device includes an FPGA processing module, a switching-off and switching-on control module, a test power supply module, and a mechanical characteristic sampling module, where the mechanical characteristic sampling module includes a switching-off and switching-on time sampling unit, a switching-off and switching-on speed sampling unit, a switching-off and switching-on coil characteristic sampling unit, a first sampling plate, and a second sampling plate.
Basically, the opening and closing time sampling unit is connected with the FPGA processing module through the first sampling plate, and the opening and closing speed sampling unit and the opening and closing coil characteristic sampling unit are respectively connected with the FPGA processing module through the second sampling plate; the testing power supply module is connected with the FPGA processing module, and the opening and closing control module is connected with the FPGA processing module.
In the embodiment of the invention, the switching-on/off time sampling unit is used for acquiring dynamic changes of moving and static contacts and inherent switching-on/off time of a graphite contact breaker or a common breaker in the switching-on and switching-off processes; the switching-on and switching-off speed sampling unit is used for acquiring switching-on and switching-off displacement of the circuit breaker by utilizing a stroke sensor; the opening and closing coil characteristic sampling unit is used for acquiring the maximum current signal flowing through the opening and closing coil of the circuit breaker; and finally, performing AD signal reading and mass data storage on the mechanical characteristic parameters through the FPGA processing module. Because the FPGA processing module is connected with a communication interface of the EM9170 industrial control mainboard through a parallel bus, the sampled data read by the FPGA processing module can be transmitted to the EM9170 industrial control mainboard and then transferred to an upper computer for software judgment through the EM9170 industrial control mainboard. In the whole test process, a plurality of different mechanical characteristic parameters are obtained through measurement and sampling, and are analyzed and judged by the upper computer, so that the test efficiency is high.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an internal circuit principle of a mechanical characteristic measuring apparatus of a circuit breaker in an embodiment of the present invention, and each module in the mechanical characteristic measuring apparatus is further described based on fig. 2 as follows:
specifically, the switching-on/off time sampling unit comprises a plurality of differential signal processing circuits and a plurality of relays, and each differential signal processing circuit is correspondingly connected with the output end of one relay; the circuit breaker comprises a three-way circuit breaker group, a first input end of each relay in the plurality of relays is connected with a corresponding graphite contact of one circuit breaker in the circuit breaker, and a second input end of each relay in the plurality of relays is connected with a corresponding metal contact of one circuit breaker in the circuit breaker. It should be noted that the circuit breaker may actually be a graphite contact circuit breaker or a common circuit breaker, and two input ends of the plurality of relays may provide measurement conditions for the two relays, so that the measurement apparatus has better practicability.
Aiming at the working principle of the switching-on and switching-off time sampling unit, the embodiment of the invention provides the test power supply module as a test auxiliary tool. According to the schematic diagram of the internal circuit principle of the test power supply module shown in fig. 3, the test power supply module is a 10A constant current power supply board, wherein the FPGA processing module controls the 10A constant current power supply board to be in a charging state or a constant current output state through an output control end and a charging control end, the 10A constant current power supply board is in the charging state to meet the normal operation of the FPGA processing module, and the 10A constant current power supply board is in the constant current output state to enable a current channel formed when metal parts of moving and static contacts of the circuit breaker are in contact with each other to generate a 10A direct current power supply. It should be noted that the 10A constant current power supply board only plays a role in measurement of the graphite contact breaker.
In the embodiment of the invention, the switching-on and switching-off time sampling unit can measure two breakers, namely a graphite contact breaker and a switching-on/common contact breaker. The graphite contact breaker adopts a four-wire connection testing method, the current channel and the fracture of the graphite contact breaker form a loop, and the graphite coating of the fixed contact in closing is a good conductor, so that the voltage sampled by the voltage sampling analysis channels connected in parallel at two ends of the fracture of the graphite contact breaker is the power supply voltage when the current channel is in no-load; and then metal parts of the moving contact and the static contact are contacted, the 10A constant-current circuit board injects a constant-current source into each phase fracture of the graphite contact breaker, namely the direct-current channel generates 10A constant direct current, at the moment, a fracture voltage value is obtained through the voltage sampling analysis channel, the fracture voltage value is filtered to remove power frequency interference through a full-wave sampling algorithm, the upper computer compares the fracture voltage value with a preset value, judges the opening and closing action change of the graphite contact, and records the corresponding contact time point and the contact separation time point. Because the metal parts of the moving contact and the fixed contact in the graphite contact breaker are reliably contacted, the accuracy of the measuring result can be ensured.
In addition, a two-wire wiring test method is adopted for the closing/common contact breaker, voltage sampling is carried out on each phase fracture of the closing/common contact breaker, a constant direct-current power supply of 50mA is injected into each phase fracture in the measurement process, and the upper computer is used for identifying the high-low level change to record the on-off signal of the closing/common contact breaker in a photoelectric isolation sampling mode, so that the opening and closing time of the closing/common contact breaker is recorded, but the method has low requirement on measurement precision.
The switching-on and switching-off speed sampling unit comprises a plurality of stroke sensors, each stroke sensor in the plurality of stroke sensors is installed on an operating mechanism connecting rod of one circuit of corresponding circuit breaker in the circuit breaker, and the output end of each stroke sensor in the plurality of stroke sensors is connected with the second sampling plate respectively. Each stroke sensor is correspondingly used for collecting displacement information of a moving contact of each circuit breaker in the circuit breakers during opening and closing operations, transmitting the displacement information to the second sampling plate for amplification and filtering, uploading processed displacement signals to the upper computer, synthesizing a stroke-time curve of a contact just opened/just closed according to the displacement information by the upper computer, and calculating action time, average speed and the like of the circuit breaker for completing the opening and closing operations.
Specifically, the switching-on/off coil characteristic sampling unit comprises a current signal processing circuit and three switching-on/off relays; the first input end of each on-off relay in the three on-off relays is connected with the corresponding switching-on coil of the circuit breaker in the circuit breaker, the second input end of each on-off relay in the three on-off relays is connected with the corresponding switching-off coil of the circuit breaker in the same way, the output end of each on-off relay in the three on-off relays is connected with the input end of the current signal processing circuit respectively, and the output end of the current signal processing circuit is connected with the second sampling plate.
The current signal processing circuit is an I/V conversion circuit, and is mainly right current signals which are faster in change speed, smaller in amplitude and interfered on the opening and closing coils of each circuit breaker in the circuit breaker are conditioned, and then the second sampling plate is utilized to carry out amplification filtering and AD sampling processing so as to remove clutter and noise of original current signals and improve the accuracy of data processing.
In addition, in the embodiment of the invention, two triggering modes are provided for the opening and closing operation of the circuit breaker: the first is to adopt the switching-on and switching-off control module inside the device, as shown in fig. 4, the internal circuit principle schematic diagram of the switching-on and switching-off control module is shown, the switching-on and switching-off control module is an operating power supply, the input end of the operating power supply is connected with the peripheral commercial power supply equipment, the output end of the operating power supply is connected with the coil of each circuit breaker in the circuit breaker, and the control end of the operating power supply is connected with the FPGA processing module. Specifically, the operating power supply uses a switching power supply principle, firstly uses 220V alternating-current voltage of the commercial power provided by the commercial power supply equipment as an input power supply, converts the input power supply into a 0-260V direct-current operating power supply through rectification and filtering, and then controls the closing of a closing IGBT module or an opening IGBT module based on a chopping signal output by the FPGA processing module so as to switch the opening and closing mode and test power transmission. And the second method is that under the condition that the operating power supply does not work, a field AC power supply or DC power supply is used for operating a switch to act, and the switch is directly connected to a coil of each circuit breaker in the circuit breakers in parallel through an external switching-on and switching-off triggering connection wire to carry out test power transmission.
It should be noted that, when a switching-on or switching-off action occurs on the coil of each circuit breaker in the circuit breakers, a correspondingly generated switching-on signal or switching-off signal is fed back to the FPGA processing module to serve as a time starting point for measuring the coil characteristics; in addition, the upper computer calculates other mechanical characteristic parameters of the circuit breaker by taking the feedback signal as a triggering basis.
Based on the above description of each module in fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for measuring a mechanical characteristic of a circuit breaker, where the method includes:
(1) acquiring a switching-on and switching-off stroke signal, a coil current signal and a main contact voltage signal which are generated in the switching-on and switching-off process of the circuit breaker;
specifically, the operation power supply controls the circuit breaker to execute opening and closing actions, the opening and closing travel signals of the circuit breaker are acquired through the opening and closing speed sampling unit, the main contact voltage signals of the circuit breaker are acquired through the opening and closing time sampling unit, and the coil current signals of the circuit breaker are acquired through the opening and closing coil characteristic sampling unit.
(2) Analyzing and processing the opening and closing stroke signal, the coil current signal and the main contact voltage signal, and calculating mechanical characteristic parameters of the circuit breaker, wherein the characteristic parameters comprise a maximum opening coil current value, a maximum closing coil current value, a moment just opened, a moment just closed, opening displacement and closing displacement.
In the embodiment of the invention, the analysis and the processing of the opening and closing stroke signal, the coil current signal and the main contact voltage signal depend on the software program of the upper computer to run: for the analysis and processing of the opening and closing stroke signals, firstly, denoising the opening and closing stroke signals by a wavelet threshold denoising method, further smoothing the denoised signals by utilizing a median filtering algorithm to obtain an accurate contact stroke-time curve, and finally, analyzing and calculating the opening displacement and the closing displacement according to the contact stroke-time curve by utilizing a written data operation subprogram in the upper computer. Secondly, aiming at the analysis and processing of the coil current signal, firstly, a wavelet transformation algorithm is applied to extract two characteristic points which are useful for analysis from the coil current signal, then a section of current signal is intercepted from the coil current signal by using a soft threshold method in wavelet analysis and elimination, the two characteristic points are used as starting points of the current signal, and finally, the upper computer extracts the maximum value of the current of the opening coil and the maximum value of the current of the closing coil from the current signal by using the data program operation subprogram. The above description of the switching-on/off time sampling means is given for the analysis processing of the main contact voltage signal.
The invention provides a mechanical characteristic measuring device of a circuit breaker, which is provided with a plurality of test units aiming at the high-efficiency test requirement of the circuit breaker, can realize the functions of real-time acquisition and analysis operation of mechanical characteristic parameters of the circuit breaker, can effectively improve the test efficiency of a mechanical characteristic test, and has high reliability and better practical value.
In addition, the above detailed description is provided for the mechanical characteristic measuring device and the mechanical characteristic measuring method of the circuit breaker according to the embodiments of the present invention, and a specific example should be adopted herein to explain the principle and the implementation manner of the present invention, and the description of the above embodiment is only used to help understanding the method of the present invention and the core idea thereof; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The mechanical characteristic measuring device of the circuit breaker is characterized by comprising an FPGA processing module, a switching-on and switching-off control module, a testing power supply module and a mechanical characteristic sampling module;
the mechanical characteristic sampling module comprises a switching-on and switching-off time sampling unit, a switching-on and switching-off speed sampling unit, a switching-on and switching-off coil characteristic sampling unit, a first sampling plate and a second sampling plate, the switching-on and switching-off time sampling unit is connected with the FPGA processing module through the first sampling plate, and the switching-on and switching-off speed sampling unit and the switching-on and switching-off coil characteristic sampling unit are respectively connected with the FPGA processing module through the second sampling plate;
the testing power supply module is connected with the FPGA processing module, and the opening and closing control module is connected with the FPGA processing module.
2. The mechanical characteristic measuring device of the circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the switching-on and switching-off time sampling unit comprises a plurality of differential signal processing circuits and a plurality of relays, and each differential signal processing circuit is correspondingly connected with an output end of one relay;
the circuit breaker comprises a three-way circuit breaker group, wherein the first input end of each relay in the plurality of relays is connected with the graphite contact of the corresponding circuit breaker in the circuit breaker, and the second input end of each relay in the plurality of relays is connected with the metal contact of the corresponding circuit breaker in the circuit breaker.
3. The device for measuring the mechanical characteristics of the circuit breaker according to claim 2, wherein the switching-on/off speed sampling unit comprises a plurality of stroke sensors, each of the plurality of stroke sensors is mounted on a corresponding one-way operating mechanism connecting rod of the circuit breaker, and an output end of each of the plurality of stroke sensors is connected to the second sampling plate.
4. The mechanical characteristic measurement device of a circuit breaker according to claim 3, wherein the opening and closing coil characteristic sampling unit includes a current signal processing circuit and three opening and closing relays;
the first input end of each on-off relay in the three on-off relays is connected the closing coil of the corresponding circuit breaker of the same kind in the circuit breaker, the second input end of each on-off relay in the three on-off relays is connected the opening coil of the corresponding circuit breaker of the same kind in the circuit breaker, the output end of each on-off relay in the three on-off relays is connected respectively the input end of the current signal processing circuit, and the output end of the current signal processing circuit is connected with the second sampling plate.
5. The device for measuring the mechanical characteristics of the circuit breaker according to claim 4, wherein the switching-on/off control module is an operating power supply, an input end of the operating power supply is connected with an external commercial power supply device, an output end of the operating power supply is connected with a coil of each circuit breaker of the circuit breakers, and a control end of the operating power supply is connected with the FPGA processing module.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the test power supply module is a 10A constant current power supply board.
7. The device for measuring the mechanical characteristics of the circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the FPGA processing module is connected with a communication interface of the EM9170 industrial control mainboard through a parallel bus.
8. A method of measuring a mechanical characteristic of a circuit breaker, the method comprising:
acquiring a switching-on and switching-off stroke signal, a coil current signal and a main contact voltage signal which are generated in the switching-on and switching-off process of the circuit breaker;
and analyzing and processing the opening and closing stroke signal, the coil current signal and the main contact voltage signal, and calculating the mechanical characteristic parameters of the circuit breaker.
9. The method for measuring the mechanical characteristics of the circuit breaker according to claim 8, wherein the acquiring the opening and closing stroke signal, the coil current signal and the main contact voltage signal generated by the circuit breaker in the opening and closing process comprises:
the circuit breaker is controlled by an operating power supply to execute opening and closing actions, opening and closing stroke signals of the circuit breaker are acquired through an opening and closing speed sampling unit, main contact voltage signals of the circuit breaker are acquired through an opening and closing time sampling unit, and coil current signals of the circuit breaker are acquired through an opening and closing coil characteristic sampling unit.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the mechanical characteristic parameters include a maximum value of a current of the opening coil, a maximum value of a current of the closing coil, a moment of just opening, a moment of just closing, a displacement of opening and a displacement of closing.
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| CN112731123A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-04-30 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Method and device for detecting and evaluating performance of circuit breaker mechanism |
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| CN205844484U (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-28 | 厦门理工学院 | A kind of portable high-pressure breaker mechanic property tester |
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| CN110780191A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2020-02-11 | 国网浙江省电力有限公司杭州供电公司 | On-line monitoring method and device for mechanical characteristics of circuit breaker based on multiple sensors |
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