CN1117424A - Composite grinding method with magnetic floating centering function - Google Patents
Composite grinding method with magnetic floating centering function Download PDFInfo
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- CN1117424A CN1117424A CN94116947A CN94116947A CN1117424A CN 1117424 A CN1117424 A CN 1117424A CN 94116947 A CN94116947 A CN 94116947A CN 94116947 A CN94116947 A CN 94116947A CN 1117424 A CN1117424 A CN 1117424A
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Abstract
A conducting magnetic fixture is mounted on the front end of the main shaft. The magnetic workpiece is attracted on the fixture and follows the fixture to rotate. For non-magnetic workpiece, an auxiliary magnet can be used to attract the workpiece on the fixture. Advantage: convenient assembly, automatic capturing in grinding process, and relocatable centering.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind ofly come cylindrical or endoporus to sheet-like workpiece to discharge-method of mechanical composite grinding with unique installation way, belong to the machining class, be applicable to steel, copper, aluminium, stainless steel, titanium alloy, carbide alloy, polycrystalline diamond (PCD) or cubic boron nitride (CBN) composite, glass, pottery, half essence or the fine finishining of materials such as semiconductor.To permeability magnetic material wherein, also can carry out end face processing, to non-magnetic material wherein, an available auxiliary magnet is pressed in workpiece clamp on the chuck end face with the chuck heteropole with inhaling mutually.This method is particularly suitable for PCD, efficient, the low consumption shaping processing of CBN composite sheet cylindrical.
The cylindricalo grinding of disk workpiece, traditional method is to use centerless grinder, but can not grinding copper, sticking soft material such as aluminium, also be not suitable for grinding very thin workpiece; Though can grinding PCD or CBN super-hard compound material on centerless grinder with skive, because be very stiff and demanding, cause expensive skive loss serious, processing cost is very high.On the other hand, on centerless grinder, also be not easy to realize spark discharge-mechanical composite grinding.
The mechanical composite grinding method of the discharge of exploitation in recent years, for example U.S. Pat .4.641.007 (Feb.3.1987) is though can be with the superhard non-conductive abrasive grinding wheel of Metal Substrate to the excircle of workpiece grinding of discharging, but in this patent, the clamping of workpiece is with scroll chuck (Fig. 1) or mandrel (Figure 11), that is to say that workpiece is " centering grinding ", this just makes machinable workpiece shape be limited as need to have grip shank maybe need have endoporus, for atresia book sheet workpiece, can only be bonded on the end face of auxiliary clamp holder with conducting resinl, this not only bothers but also be difficult to centering (causing allowance to wander off), is inapplicable to batch process; The shortcoming of centring type discharge grinding is on the other hand: if workpiece blank has ellipse or with main shaft off-centre arranged, make when grinding, workpiece whenever circles, have only two points (transverse) or a point (eccentric high point) and emery wheel that the discharge ablation takes place, thereby the discharge average current is very little, and working (machining) efficiency is low.The control system for processing of this United States Patent (USP) is also too complicated in addition.
Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned centerless grinding or the mechanical composite grinding method of centering discharge, develop a kind of simple, reliable, economic method for grinding, be mainly used in cylindrical, especially the super-hard compound material PCD of the multiple material disk workpiece of processing or the cylindrical shaping of CBN composite sheet.
The invention has the advantages that: magnetic floating centering chuck makes the loading and unloading of disk workpiece very convenient on the one hand, but automatic capturing when cylindrical grinding, self-centering, on the other hand, machine-electrical characteristics when its floating action very is fit to Electro Spark Discharge Grinding, the efficient ratio of feasible discharge grinding greatly improves when not floating, so it is not only to have solved the clamping workpiece problem, and with the discharge processing characteristics organically combine, bring out the best in each other.
The brief introduction of composite grinding method with magnetic floating centering function principle is as follows: work spindle and conductive diamond emery wheel are received the output of high frequency pulse power supply respectively by brush, insulated from each other, it is characterized in that: the work spindle front end is equipped with conductive magnetic force chuck, method with permanent magnetism or electromagnetism forms suitable magnetic field on the end face of this chuck, make the sheet-like workpiece of magnetic conduction adsorbable on the chuck end face, workpiece rotates synchronously with main shaft, and under the ablation of emery wheel, can be on the chuck end face slippage but do not come off, to magnetic conduction workpiece not, an available auxiliary magnet is pressed in workpiece clamp on the chuck end face with the chuck heteropole with inhaling mutually.
As embodiment, specify as follows:
Figure one is the schematic diagram of magnetic floating centering composite grinding system, and 1 is grinding wheel spindle among the figure, and 2 is the conductive diamond emery wheel, and 3 is the working solution nozzle, 4 is work spindle, and 5 is brush, and 6 is the magnetic force chuck, 7 is workpiece, and 8 is polarity reversing switch, and 9 is high frequency pulse power supply.Can find out by figure one: when emery wheel along the Y-axis feeding, when making the distance y of its end face and work spindle X＜r (r is the workpiece blank radius), when workpiece 7 rotates in company with main shaft 4, by emery wheel ejection slippage, float and depart from the alignment of shafts 0 in its center 01, because workpiece and main shaft rotate (figure one is a counter clockwise direction) synchronously with rotational speed omega, eccentric point upwards enters the grinding district by the below, again produced new off-centre by the abrasive wheel end face ejection, the continuous process of this " the eccentric new off-centre of---ejection---generation that screws in " makes workpiece keep contacting with emery wheel with certain pressure (radial slippage frictional resistance) all the time.If this moment, emery wheel did not connect the pulse power, then emery wheel carries out continuous pure mechanical grinding to excircle of workpiece, for no other reason than that the radial slippage of workpiece is made a concession, grinding allowance can be very not big, when the high point of eccentric point or workpiece transverse enters the processing district, workpiece " is eaten " by emery wheel, radially slippage is made a concession simultaneously, in any case but the high point of workpiece can not enter the downstream, processing district all the time, therefore in process, though workpiece rotates synchronously with ω, but the outstanding oblique below of staying X-axis is always adsorbed in the locus, realizes the continuous flexible excess feeding of workpiece at circumferencial direction automatically, and emery wheel or workpiece can not collapse.
When work spindle reverse (clockwise) rotation; shown in figure two; among the figure; eccentric high point always enters the processing district along with synchronous rotation downwards by the top; produced after the emery wheel ejection new eccentric 01; the always outstanding oblique upper of staying work spindle; along with the ablation gradually of workpiece allowance Δ=γ-y reduces; workpiece centre 01 slides to the alignment of shafts 0 with respect to chuck 6 (shown in double dot dash line among the figure) along a track that is approximately Ah a fews' Mead helical; this moment is if emery wheel 2 no longer continues along the Y-axis feeding; then workpiece just hovers over and the enough concentric position of work spindle place, and the present invention that Here it is can automatic capturing, the reason of the centering of floating.Under the situation of figure two (main shaft turns clockwise), workpiece is by the outstanding original state of staying the main shaft oblique upper, removal along with allowance, fall back to main shaft concentric gradually, this action direction with workpiece gravity is identical, thereby the ovality that can correct workpiece better than the situation of figure one (spindle axis counterclockwise is changeed, and workpiece is outstanding to be stayed in oblique below), be applicable to the fine finishining of workpiece, the work spindle direction of rotation can be changed easily by switch.
When workpiece and emery wheel connected high frequency pulse power supply, the mechanism that the workpiece surplus is removed had bigger difference, shown in figure three during with pure mechanical grinding.
Among the figure three, the rib shape particle 1,2,3,4 in the emery wheel is a diamond particle, 1 in the workpiece ', 2 ', 3 ', 4 ' be diamond or cubic boron nitride particulate, hacures are conducting base.Among figure three a, solids 2 and 3 ' slight wiping bumped, and in the left and right certain limit of this point, has suitable discharging gap between the metallic matrix, and spark discharge takes place, and the metallic matrix ablation is fallen.(K place among the figure three a) discharge that may be short-circuited (ablation ability) in the minimum clearance district, but because of the high speed relative motion, working solution washes away and the non-conductive particulate of disperse skims over, and this short circuit dischange pulse probability is not high, and is little to the ablation effectiveness affects.
When workpiece and emery wheel all turn over an angle, shown in figure three b: protrude the highest solids 3 and 2 ' contact, its active force is still not enough so that 2 ' (or 3) come off, force workpiece to produce radial slippage and make a concession Δ, (0a → 0b) at its left and right sides adjacent domain generation spark discharge, the metallic matrix of solids 2 ' is on every side further emptied, simultaneously, the spike of solids may knock some more or less each other shown in 3 among figure three b ', when workpiece turns over a week, next time is when entering the processing district again, and the most of solids among figure three b (as 2 ', 3 ') will bump under the effect in discharge confined explosion's power and wiping and come off.Little collision and the statistical average effect of two factors of electric spark microburst repulsion on time and space between the solids of disperse depended in the floating position of workpiece centre (0a or 0b), and the frictional resistance situation between magnetic force chuck end face and workpiece.
As the above analysis, during magnetic floating centering composite grinding, the workpiece surplus is mainly come ablation by discharge, solids mainly comes off, just the spike place have a small amount of fragility collapse from, on macroscopic view, as long as it is suitable that dynamo-electric parameter and grinding wheel graininess are selected, workpiece just is in continuously with emery wheel and slightly contacts, and keeps enough reasonable discharging gap districts, the short circuit pulse state that unlikely again generation is too much automatically.This shows, grinding principle of the present invention and centring type composite grinding method are (as U.S. Pat, 4,641,007 Fig. 4-8) be different, can obtain higher productivity ratio and low emery wheel loss, convenient and the automatic capturing of work-handling, float and feel relieved, removed the control system of complex and expensive from, also can obtain enough machining accuracies.
On the other hand, the magnetic floating spotting device is owing to combining of processing with discharge, and when grinding conduction class workpiece, than simple mechanical rollers high-efficiency, low consumption, the two brings out the best in each other.
When needing excircle of workpiece that better surface roughness is arranged, can be after composite grinding fine finishining finish, the turn-off pulse power supply is slightly executed pure machinery polishing grinding with skive and is got final product.
Magnetic chuck of the present invention, it is an end face sucker, when forming magnetic field with permanent magnet, its structure is shown in figure four, among the figure four, 6.1 reaching 6.2 is non-magnetic metal shank and overcoat or spacer, 6.3 is permanent magnet, and dotted line is represented the magnetic line of force, magnetic field can be simple axial magnetic field (a) as figure four, can be circular artesian spring shape magnetic field (as figure four .b, 6.4 is the magnetic conduction cup among the figure), also can be shown in figure four c, respectively be bumped into the end face of non-magnetic ring flange 6.2 with a plurality of small magnet 6.3 polarity, form loop chain shape magnetic field, if with 6.2 centre-drilling hole 6.5, then available this chuck absorption workpiece carries out internal grinding.
For permeability magnetic material, behind this method mill finished piece(s) cylindrical, the end face of all right composite grinding disk, this can obtain the form accuracy (end face run-out of workpiece easily; The both ends of the surface depth of parallelism), shown in figure five, among the figure, locking X-axis (only making the thickness of necessary admission with control workpiece 7) and emery wheel 2 is made Y to reciprocating motion is carried out grinding with the emery wheel outer round surface to the end face of workpiece.
In order to adapt to the needs of different workpieces material and different processing requests and trimming wheel, in circuit, be provided with polarity of electrode change-over switch (K among the figure one).
The common water base emulsion that adopts fast wire electrical discharge machine tool use sprays cooling (shown in 3 among the figure one) as working solution to the processing district.
Claims (6)
- One, " composite grinding method with magnetic floating centering function " relates to and a kind ofly comes cylindrical or endoporus to sheet-like workpiece to discharge-method of mechanical composite grinding with unique installation way, be applicable to steel, copper, aluminium, stainless steel, titanium alloy, carbide alloy, polycrystalline diamond or cubic boron nitride material, half essence or the fine finishining of materials such as glass, pottery, semiconductor, to permeability magnetic material wherein, also can carry out end face processing.The invention is characterized in: the front end at work spindle is equipped with conductive magnetic force chuck, method with permanent magnetism or electromagnetism forms suitable magnetic field on the end face of this chuck, make the sheet-like workpiece of magnetic conduction adsorbable on the chuck end face, workpiece rotates synchronously with main shaft, and under the ablation of emery wheel, can be on the chuck end face slippage but do not come off, to magnetic conduction workpiece not, an available auxiliary magnet is pressed in workpiece clamp on the chuck end face with the chuck heteropole with inhaling mutually.
- Two, " composite grinding method with magnetic floating centering function " of claim one defined, it is characterized in that: work spindle can turn clockwise, and also can be rotated counterclockwise, and can change easily.
- Three, " composite grinding method with magnetic floating centering function " of claim one defined, used magnetic force chuck is a sucker, it is characterized in that: when forming magnetic field with permanent magnet, this magnetic field can be that (figure four a) for simple axial magnetic field, can be circular artesian spring shape magnetic field (figure four b), also can be loop chain shape magnetic field (figure four c).
- Four, " composite grinding method with magnetic floating centering function " of claim one defined is characterized in that: behind mill finished piece(s) cylindrical, do not change the clamping workpiece state, and grinding work piece end face (figure five) easily.
- Five, " composite grinding method with magnetic floating centering function " of claim one defined, grinding wheel spindle and work spindle are received on the high frequency pulse power supply by brush, it is characterized in that: be provided with polarity reversing switch in the circuit.
- Six, " composite grinding method with magnetic floating centering function " of claim one defined is characterized in that: the common water base emulsion that adopts fast wire electrical discharge machine tool to use is working solution, and the processing district is sprayed cooling.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94116947A CN1060710C (en) | 1994-10-18 | 1994-10-18 | Composite grinding method with magnetic floating centering function |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94116947A CN1060710C (en) | 1994-10-18 | 1994-10-18 | Composite grinding method with magnetic floating centering function |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN1117424A true CN1117424A (en) | 1996-02-28 |
| CN1060710C CN1060710C (en) | 2001-01-17 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN94116947A Expired - Fee Related CN1060710C (en) | 1994-10-18 | 1994-10-18 | Composite grinding method with magnetic floating centering function |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101972957A (en) * | 2010-06-13 | 2011-02-16 | 洛阳Lyc轴承有限公司 | Method for performing precision grinding to end surface of super-large cylindrical roller |
| CN103506896A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-01-15 | 周大鹏 | Grinding device |
| CN104842274A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-08-19 | 北京兴华机械厂 | Cup grinding wheel-electric spark composite trimmer for superhard abrasive grinding wheel |
| CN104972365A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-10-14 | 绍兴华晶科技有限公司 | Reciprocator for grinding zircon porcelain part with step |
| CN105538129A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-05-04 | 天合富奥汽车安全***（长春）有限公司 | Floating grinding method and fixture |
| CN117900954A (en) * | 2024-03-12 | 2024-04-19 | 深圳市先高电子有限公司 | Filling type closed magnetic core grinding machine |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1983001216A1 (en) * | 1981-10-05 | 1983-04-14 | Lach, Horst | Method and device for machining non-conductor materials bound to a metal |
| CN1017032B (en) * | 1987-10-28 | 1992-06-17 | 北京分析仪器厂 | Three-dimensional strong magneto-converging electromagnetic disc |
| SU1634410A1 (en) * | 1988-07-29 | 1991-03-15 | Институт сверхтвердых материалов АН УССР | Brush tool electrode |
| US4937416A (en) * | 1989-02-24 | 1990-06-26 | Mamoru Kubota | Electrocontact discharge dressing method for grinding wheel |
| DE4033137C1 (en) * | 1990-10-18 | 1991-11-14 | Wendt Gmbh, 4005 Meerbusch, De |
-
1994
- 1994-10-18 CN CN94116947A patent/CN1060710C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101972957A (en) * | 2010-06-13 | 2011-02-16 | 洛阳Lyc轴承有限公司 | Method for performing precision grinding to end surface of super-large cylindrical roller |
| CN103506896A (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2014-01-15 | 周大鹏 | Grinding device |
| CN103506896B (en) * | 2013-10-30 | 2017-01-04 | 周大鹏 | A kind of grinding attachment |
| CN104842274A (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2015-08-19 | 北京兴华机械厂 | Cup grinding wheel-electric spark composite trimmer for superhard abrasive grinding wheel |
| CN104842274B (en) * | 2015-04-15 | 2018-03-09 | 北京兴华机械厂 | A kind of compound trimmer of super-abrasive grinding wheel cup emery wheel electric spark |
| CN104972365A (en) * | 2015-07-07 | 2015-10-14 | 绍兴华晶科技有限公司 | Reciprocator for grinding zircon porcelain part with step |
| CN105538129A (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2016-05-04 | 天合富奥汽车安全***（长春）有限公司 | Floating grinding method and fixture |
| CN105538129B (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-12-19 | 天合富奥汽车安全***（长春）有限公司 | A kind of floating Ginding process and frock |
| CN117900954A (en) * | 2024-03-12 | 2024-04-19 | 深圳市先高电子有限公司 | Filling type closed magnetic core grinding machine |
| CN117900954B (en) * | 2024-03-12 | 2024-05-24 | 深圳市先高电子有限公司 | Filling type closed magnetic core grinding machine |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1060710C (en) | 2001-01-17 |
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