CN111735704A - Mine filling body tensile strength testing device and method - Google Patents
Mine filling body tensile strength testing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111735704A CN111735704A CN202010764913.6A CN202010764913A CN111735704A CN 111735704 A CN111735704 A CN 111735704A CN 202010764913 A CN202010764913 A CN 202010764913A CN 111735704 A CN111735704 A CN 111735704A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/04—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
- G01N2203/0435—Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils modifying the type of the force applied, e.g. the chuck transforms a compressive machine for applying a bending test
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Abstract
The invention provides a mine filling body tensile strength testing device and a method, and relates to the technical field of filling body tensile strength testing, wherein the mine filling body tensile strength testing device comprises an upper support and a lower support which are mutually sleeved; a stretching space for stretching the test piece is formed between the bottom of the upper bracket and the top of the lower bracket; accommodating spaces for accommodating the ends of the test piece are formed between the top of the upper support and the top of the lower support and between the bottom of the upper support and the bottom of the lower support, and the height of each accommodating space is greater than that of the end of the test piece; the top of lower carriage and the bottom of upper bracket all are equipped with limit structure, and limit structure is used for cooperating with the test piece end to prevent that the test piece end from producing the rotation for upper bracket and lower carriage. The mine filling body tensile strength testing device provided by the invention can effectively solve the problems of end breakage and test piece eccentricity in the conventional tensile strength test.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of testing of tensile strength of a filling body, in particular to a device and a method for testing tensile strength of a mine filling body.
Background
The filling mining method has the advantages of controlling ground pressure and reducing the discharge of solid waste on the ground surface, and is widely applied at home and abroad at present. The strength of the filling body is a key parameter of mine filling, particularly in downward filling mining, personnel and equipment operate under the false roof of the filling body, and the stability of the filling body directly influences the safety of the personnel and the equipment in a stope. Therefore, the determination of the tensile strength of the filling body plays an important role in the rational design of the filling body parameters.
At present, the compression strength test of a filling body has no clear specification and standard, mainly refers to test methods in rock and soil, and common test methods comprise a direct method and an indirect method. The conventional direct tensile method adopts certain means (bonding, anchoring, friction resistance increasing, wedge-shaped clamps and the like) to fix the two ends of the test piece, and the method is easy to cause test failure due to the fact that the axis of the test piece deviates from the tensile direction or the mutual acting force between the clamps at the two ends and the test piece generates stress concentration. The indirect testing method comprises a Brazilian splitting method, an axial splitting method and an earth beam bending method, and the method is based on certain theoretical hypothesis, the tensile strength of the sample is obtained according to a corresponding theoretical calculation formula by means of tensile failure of the sample in modes of fracturing or bending, but the test result has great discreteness due to complex stress state and more ideal hypothesis.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mine filling body tensile strength testing device and method, which can effectively solve the problems of end breakage and test piece eccentricity in the conventional tensile strength test.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a tensile strength testing device for a mine filling body, which comprises an upper bracket and a lower bracket which are mutually sleeved;
a stretching space for stretching the test piece is formed between the bottom of the upper support and the top of the lower support;
accommodating spaces for accommodating the end socket of the test piece are formed between the top of the upper support and the top of the lower support and between the bottom of the upper support and the bottom of the lower support, and the height of each accommodating space is greater than that of the end socket of the test piece;
the top of the lower support and the bottom of the upper support are both provided with limiting structures, and the limiting structures are used for being matched with the end head of the test piece so as to prevent the end head of the test piece from rotating relative to the upper support and the lower support.
Furthermore, the limiting structure comprises a first limiting groove arranged at the bottom of the upper bracket and a second limiting groove arranged at the top of the lower bracket.
Furthermore, the upper bracket comprises an upper basic disc, a lower fixed disc and a plurality of first support columns, wherein two ends of each first support column are respectively connected with the upper basic disc and the lower fixed disc;
the accommodating space is formed between the upper basic disc and the top of the lower bracket and between the lower fixed disc and the bottom of the lower bracket;
the lower bracket is sleeved outside the lower fixed disc, and the lower fixed disc is provided with the first limiting groove.
Furthermore, the first limiting groove is formed in the bottom surface of the lower fixing disc, and the size of the first limiting groove is matched with that of the lower end of the test piece.
Further, the lower fixing disc comprises a plurality of first sub-fixing discs which are overlapped and spliced with each other, a first through hole for the test piece to pass through is formed between the first sub-fixing discs, and the first sub-fixing discs are adjacent to each other and connected through the first support column.
Furthermore, the lower support comprises an upper fixing disc, a lower basic disc and a plurality of second support columns, and two ends of each second support column are respectively connected with the lower basic disc and the upper fixing disc;
the accommodating space is formed between the upper basic disc and the upper fixed disc and between the lower fixed disc and the lower basic disc;
the upper bracket is sleeved outside the lower basic disc, and the upper fixed disc is provided with the second limiting groove.
Furthermore, the second limit groove is formed in the top surface of the upper fixing disc, and the size of the second limit groove is matched with that of the upper end of the test piece.
Furthermore, the upper fixed disk comprises a plurality of second sub-fixed disks which are overlapped and spliced with each other, a second through hole for a test piece to pass through is formed between the second sub-fixed disks, and the adjacent second sub-fixed disks are connected through one second support column.
Furthermore, the depth of the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove is greater than or equal to 5mm, the depth of the first limiting groove is smaller than the thickness of the bottom of the upper bracket, and the depth of the second limiting groove is smaller than the thickness of the top of the lower bracket.
In a second aspect, the invention further provides a mine filling body tensile strength testing method, which adopts the mine filling body tensile strength testing device of the above scheme, and includes:
mounting the test piece to the lower bracket;
mounting the upper bracket to the test piece;
placing the mine filling body tensile strength testing device on a testing machine, and enabling the mine filling body tensile strength testing device and the testing machine base to be coaxial;
the testing machine applies pressure to the top of the upper bracket.
The mine filling body tensile strength testing device and method provided by the invention can have the following beneficial effects:
when using above-mentioned mine filling body tensile strength testing arrangement, at first install the test piece on upper bracket and lower carriage, keep the lower carriage fixed motionless afterwards, exert downward pressure to the top of upper bracket, the upper bracket is for the lower carriage downstream, test piece upper end does not remove under the spacing of lower carriage top limit structure, and can not rotate for the lower carriage, a pulling force is given to the test piece in the bottom of upper bracket, and test piece lower end also can not rotate for the upper bracket, so realize the tensile strength test of test piece. In the process, the height of the space for containing the test piece end is larger than that of the test piece end, so that the upper end head of the test piece cannot obstruct the movement of the top of the upper support, and the lower end head of the test piece cannot obstruct the movement of the bottom of the upper support, so that the test is guaranteed to be smoothly carried out.
Compared with the prior art, the mine filling body tensile strength testing device provided by the first aspect of the invention can convert the pressure applied to the upper support into the tensile force applied to the test piece in the testing process, and does not need to fix the end of the test piece in clamping, bonding and other ways, so that the problem of damage to the end of the test piece caused by stress concentration generated by the interaction force between a clamp or a bonding surface and the test piece is effectively avoided.
Compared with the prior art, the mine filling body tensile strength testing method provided by the second aspect of the invention is simple to operate, saves the operations of clamp clamping, bonding by using an adhesive and the like, and is stable in operation and accurate in test result because a testing machine is used for pressing the top of the upper support downwards.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a mine filling body tensile strength testing device provided by an embodiment of the invention when in use;
FIG. 2 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a basic disc provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic three-dimensional structure of a first support pillar according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a lower fixing tray under a first viewing angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a first sub-fixing disk according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a lower fixing tray at a second viewing angle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of an upper fixing tray according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a second sub-fixing disk according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic three-dimensional structure diagram of a test piece mounted on a lower bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 1-upper support; 11-an upper basic disc; 12-lower fixed disc; 121-a first limiting groove; 122-a first sub-holding pan; 1221-a first lap end; 1222-a second lap joint end; 1223-a connecting portion; 13-a first pillar; 2-lower support; 21-upper fixed disc; 211-a second limiting groove; 212-a second sub-fixed disk; 2121-a first end; 2122-a second end; 22-a lower basic disc; 23-a second strut; and 3, testing the test piece.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
An embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention provides a tensile strength testing apparatus for a mine filling body, as shown in fig. 1, including an upper bracket 1 and a lower bracket 2 which are mutually sleeved; a stretching space for stretching the test piece 3 is formed between the bottom of the upper bracket 1 and the top of the lower bracket 2; accommodating spaces for accommodating the end of the test piece 3 are formed between the top of the upper support 1 and the top of the lower support 2 and between the bottom of the upper support 1 and the bottom of the lower support 2, and the height of each accommodating space is greater than that of the end of the test piece 3; the top of lower carriage 2 and the bottom of upper bracket 1 all are equipped with limit structure, and limit structure is used for cooperating with 3 ends of test piece to prevent 3 ends of test piece from producing the rotation for upper bracket 1 and lower carriage 2.
When the above-mentioned mine filling body tensile strength testing arrangement of operation, only need give the top of upper bracket 1 pressure can, the bottom of upper bracket 1 can give the top surface of test piece 3 lower end pulling force down, realizes the tensile of test piece 3, easy operation, convenience have effectively solved the problem of off-centre and end destruction.
It should be noted that all the structures capable of preventing the end of the test piece 3 from rotating relative to the upper bracket 1 and the lower bracket 2 may be the limit structures mentioned in the above embodiments. For example, the limiting structures may be limiting grooves formed on the upper bracket 1 and the lower bracket 2, or the limiting structures may be a plurality of limiting blocks formed on the upper bracket 1 and the lower bracket 2, and so on.
In at least one embodiment, in order to facilitate the processing of the limiting structure, the limiting structure comprises a first limiting groove 121 formed at the bottom of the upper bracket 1 and a second limiting groove 211 formed at the top of the lower bracket 2.
When the device is used, the upper end of the test piece 3 is located in the second limiting groove 211, the lower end of the test piece 3 is located in the first limiting groove 121, the first limiting groove 121 and the second limiting groove 211 limit the position of the end of the test piece 3 relative to the upper support 1 and the lower support 2 respectively, and eccentricity of the test piece 3 in the stretching process is avoided.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the upper rack 1 includes an upper basic tray 11, a lower fixed tray 12, and a plurality of first pillars 13, both ends of the first pillars 13 are connected to the upper basic tray 11 and the lower fixed tray 12, respectively; accommodating spaces are formed between the upper basic disc 11 and the top of the lower bracket 2 and between the lower fixed disc 12 and the bottom of the lower bracket 2; the lower bracket 2 is sleeved outside the lower fixed disc 12, and the lower fixed disc 12 is provided with a first limiting groove 121.
Specifically, during the use process, a pressure is firstly applied to the upper basic disc 11, the lower fixed disc 12 can apply a tensile force to the test piece 3 because the lower fixed disc 12 is connected with the upper basic disc 11 through the plurality of first supporting columns 13, and in the process, the first limiting groove 121 on the lower fixed disc 12 can limit the lower end head of the test piece 3 to rotate relative to the lower fixed disc 12.
In the upper bracket 1, the upper basic disc 11 corresponds to the top of the upper bracket 1, the lower fixed disc 12 corresponds to the bottom of the upper bracket 1, the upper basic disc 11, the lower fixed disc 12 and the plurality of first pillars 13 form an integral frame structure of the upper bracket 1, the plurality of first pillars 13 play a role in connecting the upper basic disc 11 and the lower fixed disc 12 on one hand, and play a role in force transmission on the other hand, so that pressure borne by the upper basic disc 11 is converted into tension of the lower fixed disc 12 on the test piece 3. The structure is simple, the pulling force is directly acted on the top surface of the lower end of the test piece 3, and the end of the test piece 3 can be effectively protected.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1 and 6, the first limiting groove 121 is opened on the bottom surface of the lower fixing plate 12, and the size of the first limiting groove 121 matches the size of the lower end of the test piece 3.
The bottom surface of lower fixed disk 12 is towards the lower end of test piece 3, and above-mentioned setting can make first spacing groove 121 directly cooperate with the lower end of test piece 3, and the fitting surface has covered the outer peripheral face of lower end, and is more stable when pulling down the end.
In addition, as shown in fig. 2, the upper basic tray 11 has an integral structure, and the edge thereof has insertion holes for fitting with the plurality of first support posts 13 in a one-to-one correspondence. Referring to fig. 1, the upper base plate 11 is positioned above the test piece 3, and thus has an integrated structure to facilitate the assembly of the upper frame 1 while simplifying the structure of the strength testing apparatus.
In at least one embodiment, the upper basic disc 11 has a cross-shaped plate-like structure, and the insertion holes are located at the four ends of the cross, i.e. the connection between the upper basic disc 11 and the lower fixed disc 12 is made by four first struts 13.
The connection of the first leg 13 to the upper base plate 11 can take various forms, for example: first pillar 13 is screwed to upper basic disc 11, or first pillar 13 is snapped to upper basic disc 11, or first pillar 13 is provided with a limiting end face, the position of upper basic disc 11 relative to first pillar 13 is locked by a nut, and so on. The above examples are intended to illustrate that the connection manner of the first support 13 and the upper basic disk 11 is not limited to a certain one, and any connection manner can be used to connect the two.
The connection between the lower fixing plate 12 and the first support 13 can be made in various ways, and for the sake of brevity, the description is omitted. It should be noted that, when one of the upper basic disc 11 and the lower fixed disc 12 is screwed with the first support 13, the other is not screwed with the first support 13.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the lower fixed disk 12 includes a plurality of first sub-fixed disks 122 overlapped and spliced with each other, a first through hole for the test piece 3 to pass through is formed between the plurality of first sub-fixed disks 122, and adjacent first sub-fixed disks 122 are connected by one first pillar 13.
Because the lower support 2 is sleeved outside the lower fixed disk 12, the lower fixed disk 12 adopts a split structure, so that the upper support 1 and the test piece 3 can be more conveniently installed. Specifically, during assembly, a first sub-fixing plate 122 may be inserted into the first pillar 13, and the first sub-fixing plate 122 is matched with the lower end of the test piece 3, and then the first sub-fixing plates 122 are connected one by one. After the assembly is completed, as shown in fig. 6, a first through hole for the test piece 3 to pass through and a first limit groove 121 for matching with the lower end of the test piece 3 are naturally formed between the plurality of first sub fixing discs 122. The lower fixing plate 12 has a simple structure, is easy to assemble, and does not require an additional connecting member to connect the plurality of first sub-fixing plates 122.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the lower fixing plate 12 includes two first sub-fixing plates 122 overlapped and spliced with each other, the first sub-fixing plate 122 has a first overlapping end 1221, a second overlapping end 1222 and a connecting portion 1223, the connecting portion 1223 connects the first overlapping end 1221 and the second overlapping end 1222, the first overlapping end 1221, the second overlapping end 1222 and the connecting portion 1223 are respectively provided with an insertion hole for being engaged with the first pillar 13, the first overlapping end 1221 of the two first sub-fixing plates 122 overlaps the second overlapping end 1222 of the other side, and the first overlapping end 1221 and the second overlapping end 1222 are connected by a first pillar 13.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the sidewall of the lower fixed disk 12 has two oppositely disposed relief notches, which can reduce the size of the lower fixed disk 12 and facilitate the assembly of the lower fixed disk 12.
In some embodiments, the lower rack 2 comprises an upper fixing plate 21, a lower basic plate 22 and a plurality of second pillars 23, and both ends of the second pillars 23 are respectively connected with the upper fixing plate 21 and the lower basic plate 22; accommodating spaces are formed between the upper basic disc 11 and the upper fixed disc 21 and between the lower fixed disc 12 and the lower basic disc 22; the upper bracket 1 is sleeved outside the lower basic disc 22, and the upper fixed disc 21 is provided with a second limit groove 211.
Specifically, in the use process, the lower support 2 stands on the test table surface, the lower basic disc 22 supports the upper fixing disc 21 through the plurality of second support columns 23, and the upper fixing disc 21 plays a role in supporting and limiting the upper end head of the test piece 3.
In the lower bracket 2, the upper fixing disc 21 corresponds to the top of the lower bracket 2, the lower basic disc 22 corresponds to the bottom of the lower bracket 2, and the upper fixing disc 21, the lower basic disc 22 and the plurality of second support columns 23 form an integral frame structure of the lower bracket 2, so that the structure is simple, and the test piece 3 can be stably supported.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, the second limiting groove 211 is opened on the top surface of the upper fixing plate 21, and the size of the second limiting groove 211 matches the size of the upper end of the test piece 3.
The top surface of upper fixed disk 21 is towards the upper end of test piece 3, and above-mentioned setting can make the direct upper end cooperation with test piece 3 of second spacing groove 211, and the mating surface has covered the outer peripheral face of upper end, and stable upper end to test piece 3 supports and is spacing.
The structure of the lower basic tray 22 is similar to that of the upper basic tray 11, and the connection manner of the lower basic tray 22 and the second support 23 is similar to that of the upper basic tray 11 and the first support 13, which will not be described again for brevity.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the upper fixing disk 21 includes a plurality of second sub-fixing disks 212 overlapped and spliced with each other, a second through hole for the test piece 3 to pass through is formed between the plurality of second sub-fixing disks 212, and adjacent second sub-fixing disks 212 are connected by one second support column 23.
Because the upper bracket 1 is sleeved outside the lower basic disc 22, the upper fixed disc 21 adopts a split structure, so that the upper bracket 2 and the lower bracket 3 can be more conveniently installed. Specifically, during assembly, a second sub-fixing disk 212 may be inserted into the second support column 23, and the second sub-fixing disk 212 may be matched with the upper end of the test piece 3, and then the second sub-fixing disks 212 may be connected one by one. After the assembly is completed, as shown in fig. 7, a second through hole for the test piece 3 to pass through and a second limit groove 211 for matching with the upper end of the test piece 3 are naturally formed between the plurality of first sub fixing disks 122. The upper fixed disk 21 has a simple structure, is easy to assemble, and does not need an additional connecting member to connect the plurality of second sub-fixed disks 212.
Specifically, referring to fig. 7 as an example, the upper fixing plate 21 includes two second sub-fixing plates 212 overlapped and spliced with each other, the two second sub-fixing plates 212 are symmetrically distributed, each of the second sub-fixing plates 212 has a first end portion 2121 and two opposite second end portions 2122, both the two second end portions 2122 are connected to the first end portion 2121, each of the first end portion 2121 and the two second end portions 2122 is provided with an insertion hole for being engaged with the second support 23, one second end portion 2122 of one second sub-fixing plate 212 is overlapped on one second end portion 2122 of the other second sub-fixing plate 212, the other second end portion 2122 is located below the other second end portion 2122 of the other second sub-fixing plate 212, and the overlapped second end portions 2122 are connected by one second support 23.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 7, the upper fixing plate 21 has a cross-shaped plate structure, and the size of the upper fixing plate 21 can be reduced at the cross-shaped gap, which facilitates the assembly of the upper fixing plate 21.
In some embodiments, the depth of the first and second limiting grooves 121 and 211 is greater than or equal to 5mm, so as to effectively avoid the eccentricity problem. In addition, the depth of the first limiting groove 121 is smaller than the thickness of the bottom of the upper bracket 1, and the depth of the second limiting groove 211 is smaller than the thickness of the top of the lower bracket 2, i.e. the first limiting groove 121 and the second limiting groove 211 do not penetrate through the lower fixed disk 12 and the upper fixed disk 21.
An embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention is directed to a mine-filling-body tensile strength testing method, which uses the mine-filling-body tensile strength testing apparatus, and includes:
mounting the test piece 3 on the lower bracket 2;
mounting the upper bracket 1 on the test piece 3;
placing the mine filling body tensile strength testing device on a testing machine, and enabling the mine filling body tensile strength testing device and a base of the testing machine to be coaxial;
the tester applies pressure to the top of the upper bracket 1.
Compared with the prior art, the mine filling body tensile strength testing method provided by the embodiment of the second aspect of the invention is simple to operate, saves the operations of clamp clamping, bonding by using an adhesive and the like, and is stable in operation and accurate in test result because a testing machine is used for pressing the top of the upper support downwards.
The specific operation process is as follows:
1) as shown in fig. 9, the upper end of the test piece 3 is placed in the second limit groove 211 of the upper fixed disk 21, and the upper fixed disk 21 is combined with the lower basic disk 22 through the second support 23;
2) as shown in fig. 1, the lower fixed disk 12 is placed on the test piece 3 according to the first limit groove 121, and is combined with the upper basic disk 11 through the first support column 13;
3) placing the tensile strength testing device on a universal testing machine, and adjusting the tensile strength testing device and the testing machine base coaxially;
4) a tensile test of the mine fill is performed by applying pressure to the upper base plate 11 by means of a universal tester.
In summary, the mine filling body tensile strength testing device and method provided by the invention have the following advantages:
the device is simple in structure, convenient to install and high in test efficiency, can convert the pressure applied to the upper bracket 1 into the tensile force applied to the test piece 3, effectively solves the problems of end breakage, eccentricity and the like in the existing direct tensile test method, and provides a better test device and method for testing the tensile strength of the mine filling body.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The mine filling body tensile strength testing device is characterized by comprising an upper support (1) and a lower support (2) which are mutually sleeved;
a stretching space for stretching the test piece (3) is formed between the bottom of the upper support (1) and the top of the lower support (2);
accommodating spaces for accommodating the end of the test piece (3) are formed between the top of the upper support (1) and the top of the lower support (2) and between the bottom of the upper support (1) and the bottom of the lower support (2), and the height of each accommodating space is greater than that of the end of the test piece (3);
the top of the lower support (2) and the bottom of the upper support (1) are respectively provided with a limiting structure, and the limiting structures are used for being matched with the end of the test piece (3) so as to prevent the end of the test piece (3) from rotating relative to the upper support (1) and the lower support (2).
2. The mine filling body tensile strength testing device of claim 1, wherein the limiting structure comprises a first limiting groove (121) formed in the bottom of the upper support (1) and a second limiting groove (211) formed in the top of the lower support (2).
3. The mine filling body tensile strength testing device of claim 2, wherein the upper bracket (1) comprises an upper basic disc (11), a lower fixed disc (12) and a plurality of first pillars (13), and two ends of the first pillars (13) are respectively connected with the upper basic disc (11) and the lower fixed disc (12);
the containing spaces are formed between the upper basic disc (11) and the top of the lower bracket (2) and between the lower fixed disc (12) and the bottom of the lower bracket (2);
the lower support (2) is sleeved outside the lower fixed disc (12), and the lower fixed disc (12) is provided with the first limiting groove (121).
4. The mine filling body tensile strength testing device of claim 3, wherein the first limiting groove (121) is formed in the bottom surface of the lower fixed disc (12), and the size of the first limiting groove (121) is matched with the size of the lower end of the test piece (3).
5. The mine filling body tensile strength testing device of claim 3, wherein the lower fixed disk (12) comprises a plurality of first sub-fixed disks (122) which are overlapped and spliced with each other, a first through hole for a test piece (3) to pass through is formed between the plurality of first sub-fixed disks (122), and adjacent first sub-fixed disks (122) are connected through one first support column (13).
6. The mine filling body tensile strength testing device of claim 3, wherein the lower support (2) comprises an upper fixing disc (21), a lower basic disc (22) and a plurality of second pillars (23), and two ends of each second pillar (23) are respectively connected with the lower basic disc (22) and the upper fixing disc (21);
the accommodating spaces are formed between the upper basic disc (11) and the upper fixed disc (21) and between the lower fixed disc (12) and the lower basic disc (22);
the upper bracket (1) is sleeved outside the lower basic disc (22), and the upper fixed disc (21) is provided with the second limiting groove (211).
7. The mine filling body tensile strength testing device of claim 6, wherein the second limiting groove (211) is formed in the top surface of the upper fixed disc (21), and the size of the second limiting groove (211) is matched with the size of the upper end of the test piece (3).
8. The mine filling body tensile strength testing device of claim 6, wherein the upper fixed disk (21) comprises a plurality of second sub-fixed disks (212) which are overlapped and spliced with each other, a second through hole for a test piece (3) to pass through is formed between the plurality of second sub-fixed disks (212), and adjacent second sub-fixed disks (212) are connected through one second pillar (23).
9. The mine filling body tensile strength testing device of claim 2, wherein the depth of the first limiting groove (121) and the second limiting groove (211) is greater than or equal to 5mm, the depth of the first limiting groove (121) is smaller than the thickness of the bottom of the upper bracket (1), and the depth of the second limiting groove (211) is smaller than the thickness of the top of the lower bracket (2).
10. A mine filling body tensile strength testing method using the mine filling body tensile strength testing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
mounting the test piece (3) to the lower bracket (2);
mounting the upper bracket (1) to the test piece (3);
placing the mine filling body tensile strength testing device on a testing machine, and enabling the mine filling body tensile strength testing device and the testing machine base to be coaxial;
the testing machine applies pressure to the top of the upper bracket (1).
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