CN111732498A - Mixed solvent for extracting solanesol and method for extracting solanesol by using same - Google Patents
Mixed solvent for extracting solanesol and method for extracting solanesol by using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN111732498A CN111732498A CN202010629066.2A CN202010629066A CN111732498A CN 111732498 A CN111732498 A CN 111732498A CN 202010629066 A CN202010629066 A CN 202010629066A CN 111732498 A CN111732498 A CN 111732498A
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- extraction
- solanesol
- polarity
- tobacco
- mixed solvent
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- AFPLNGZPBSKHHQ-MEGGAXOGSA-N solanesol Chemical compound CC(C)=CCC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\CC\C(C)=C\CO AFPLNGZPBSKHHQ-MEGGAXOGSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- AFPLNGZPBSKHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betulaprenol 9 Natural products CC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCCC(C)=CCO AFPLNGZPBSKHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N (-)-Nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCC[C@H]1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-JTQLQIEISA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002715 nicotine Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Natural products CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000874 microwave-assisted extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- MOQOOKGPCBQMCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;hexane Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CCCCCC MOQOOKGPCBQMCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003808 methanol extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012086 standard solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001195 ultra high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004704 ultra performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002137 ultrasound extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C29/00—Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring
- C07C29/74—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
- C07C29/76—Separation; Purification; Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation by physical treatment
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for extracting solanesol by using an organic solvent, wherein the solanesol belongs to a low-polarity substance, and the low-polarity extraction solvent such as n-hexane has better solubility to the solanesol but weaker penetrating power. The invention uses a mixed solvent to extract solanesol, and the mixed solvent is obtained by mixing weak-polarity n-hexane and strong-polarity glacial acetic acid according to the volume ratio of 3: 1. The method comprises the following specific steps: (1) drying the tobacco leaves by using a drying oven, and measuring the water content of the tobacco leaves; (2) making a solanesol-n-hexane glacial acetic acid solution standard curve; (3) heating and leaching by using deionized water and filtering; (4) the extraction is carried out by using a mixed solvent of n-hexane and glacial acetic acid and changing the extraction conditions to optimize the extraction process. Finally, the optimized extraction process is obtained: the extraction temperature is 60 deg.C, the extraction time is 6h, the extraction times is 2 times, and the liquid-solid ratio is 20 mL/g.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of tobacco, in particular to a mixed solvent for extracting solanesol and a method for extracting the solanesol by using the mixed solvent.
Background
There are many methods for extracting solanesol, such as ultrasonic-assisted extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, supercritical CO2Extraction methods and organic solvent extraction. The ultrasonic wave auxiliary extraction is restricted by ultrasonic attenuation factors, and the equipment investment is large; the microwave-assisted extraction equipment is complex and high in price, and the solvent selection range is narrow; supercritical CO2The extraction method also has the restriction of large equipment investment. Organic solvent extraction is still an important extraction method, but as the solanesol is a low-polarity substance, the low-polarity solvent should be selected for extracting the solanesol according to the similar compatibility principle. However, the weak polar solvent has low penetrating power, is difficult to penetrate tissues such as cell walls, cell membranes and the like, has slow extraction process, and the existing strong polar solvent methanol has good extraction effect on the solanesol, but has high toxicity and is not beneficial to environmental protection.
Meanwhile, the existing method for extracting solanesol has lower extraction rate and larger waste, for example, the patent name is a method for extracting solanesol from waste tobacco leaves, application number 201610316518, the invention patent discloses a method for extracting solanesol from waste tobacco leaves, the concentration of the solanesol is completed by utilizing the solubility difference of the solanesol in different organic solvents according to the solvent distribution proportion, and the characteristics of dissolution of pure solanesol in the solvent when being heated and crystallization when being frozen are utilized to achieve the purification, and the method comprises the following process steps: extracting → saponifying → extracting → dewaxing → degreasing → purifying to obtain the final product of solanesol; the method for extracting the solanesol from the waste tobacco leaves has the advantages of simple process, low cost, short realization time, high efficiency, low energy consumption and easy realization of industrialization and scale production. However, in the examples, it can be seen that 200 kg of jin tobacco leaves can obtain 1.92 kg of solanesol, and the extraction rate is 0.96%. The patent name is a method for extracting high-purity solanesol from tobacco leaves, and the application number is 201610075560; in the examples, the amount of solanesol obtained from 50g of tobacco leaves was 0.32g, and the extraction rate was 0.64%. Therefore, the extraction rate of the solanesol extracted by the prior art is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a synthetic solvent for extracting solanesol and a method for extracting solanesol by using the same, which can improve the polarity of a solvent system, accelerate the extraction process and have less influence on the environment by the solvent system, and can overcome the defects of the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a mixed solvent for extracting solanesol is prepared by mixing weak polar n-hexane and strong polar glacial acetic acid in a volume ratio of 3: 1 are mixed to obtain the product.
The method for extracting solanesol by using organic solvent includes the following steps
(1) Removing stems of waste and inferior tobacco leaves, and drying the waste and inferior tobacco leaves in a drying oven until the moisture content of the tobacco leaves is 5%;
(2) crushing the tobacco leaves with water removed, adding 1.5-2 parts of deionized water into 1 part of tobacco leaf powder according to the mass ratio, leaching the tobacco at 50 ℃ for 5 hours to reduce water-soluble impurities in the tobacco, and drying filter residues after filtering;
(3) putting the dried filter residue obtained in the step (2) into a container, adding a mixed solvent to extract the solanesol, wherein the mixed solvent comprises weak-polarity n-hexane and strong-polarity glacial acetic acid in a volume ratio of 3: 1, mixing to obtain the product; the extraction conditions comprise extraction temperature of 60 deg.C, extraction time of 6h, extraction frequency of 2 times, and liquid-solid ratio of 20 mL/g.
The water-soluble impurities in the tobacco are nicotine, inorganic salt and citric acid.
Compared with the prior art, the invention aims at the problems of the existing solanesol extraction by adopting an organic solvent, prepares the mixed solvent for extracting the solanesol with the effect far exceeding the existing extraction rate, and adopts weak-polarity normal hexane and strong-polarity glacial acetic acid in a volume ratio of 3: 1, the glacial acetic acid has higher polarity, compared with a single n-hexane extraction solvent, the added glacial acetic acid can improve the polarity of an extracting solution, is favorable for penetrating cell membranes and other structures to accelerate the extraction mass transfer process, has lower toxicity and less environmental pollution compared with a methanol extraction solvent, and can ensure that the boiling point of an extraction solvent system is increased and the solvent is not easy to volatilize in the extraction process. Therefore, under the solvent system, only two times of extraction are needed to be carried out on the tobacco, so that the extraction times are reduced, and the consumption of the extraction time is reduced. The solvent system has the advantages of low cost, little environmental pollution and high extraction speed.
Meanwhile, the invention optimizes the use process of the mixed solvent for extracting the solanesol to obtain the optimal use process of the mixed solvent for extracting the solanesol, wherein the extraction temperature is 60 ℃, the extraction time is 6h, the extraction times are 2 times, and the liquid-solid ratio is 20mL/g, so that the extraction process of the solanesol can be increased to 2.85 percent, and the two patents which are far beyond the background technology break through the barriers of the prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a standard graph of a solanesol solution;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of liquid-solid ratio on extraction yield;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the effect of extraction time on extraction yield;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the effect of extraction times on extraction yield;
fig. 5 is a graph of the effect of extraction temperature on extraction yield.
Detailed Description
Example 1: the mixed solvent for extracting the solanesol is prepared by mixing weak polar n-hexane and strong polar glacial acetic acid according to the volume ratio of 3: 1 are mixed to obtain the product.
A process for extracting solanesol using an organic solvent, which comprises the following steps
(1) Removing stems of waste and inferior tobacco leaves, and drying the waste and inferior tobacco leaves in a drying oven until the moisture content of the tobacco leaves is 5%;
(2) crushing the tobacco leaves with water removed, adding 1.5-2 parts of deionized water into 1 part of tobacco leaf powder according to the mass ratio, leaching the tobacco at 50 ℃ for 5 hours, reducing water-soluble impurities such as nicotine, inorganic salt and citric acid in the tobacco, and drying filter residues after filtering;
(3) putting the dried filter residue obtained in the step (2) into a container, adding a mixed solvent to extract the solanesol, wherein the mixed solvent comprises weak-polarity n-hexane and strong-polarity glacial acetic acid in a volume ratio of 3: 1, mixing to obtain the product; the extraction conditions comprise extraction temperature of 60 deg.C, extraction time of 6h, extraction frequency of 2 times, and liquid-solid ratio of 20 mL/g.
Example 2
1) Determination of water content solanesol extraction rate is defined by formula α ═ m/m0Wherein m is0Is the weight of the tobacco leaves from which water has been removed, i.e., the weight of the dried tobacco leaves, and m is the weight of solanesol. Therefore, the water content of the tobacco leaves needs to be calculated, 10g of tobacco is placed in a forced air drying box to be dried until the weight of the tobacco is not changed any more, and the water content of the tobacco is calculated to be 5.0%;
2) preparing a standard curve, and calculating the solanesol extraction amount: accurately weighing pure solanesol 0.010g, and dissolving in 100ml n-hexane-glacial acetic acid solution, wherein glacial acetic acid-n-hexane is 1:3(V: V), thus obtaining solanesol solution of 0.1 g/L. Taking 25mL of the solanesol solution with 0.1g/L to reach 50mL of constant volume, and obtaining the solanesol solution with 0.05 g/L. Taking 5mL of solanesol solution of 0.1g/L, and respectively diluting to 50mL, 100mL and 500mL to obtain solanesol solutions of 0.01g/L, 0.005g/L and 0.001 g/L. The peak area of solanesol in the standard solution was detected by ultra performance liquid chromatography, and a standard curve was prepared as shown in fig. 1. The standard curve equation of the concentration and the area of the solanesol is obtained as y ═ 408.02x +0.51, wherein y represents the concentration of the solanesol, and x represents the area of the peak of the solanesol. The extraction amount m of solanesol is determined by the formula m ═ yV and the formula y ═ x-0.51/408.02.
3) Tobacco pretreatment: the tobacco is pretreated to remove water-soluble impurities, the tobacco is leached for 5 hours at 50 ℃ by using deionized water, the water-soluble impurities such as nicotine, inorganic salt and citric acid in the tobacco are reduced, and the tobacco is filtered and dried.
4) The optimized solanesol extraction process comprises the following steps: the extraction factor affects the extraction effect to a certain extent, and in order to improve the extraction rate of the solanesol, the extraction process needs to be optimized. The invention optimizes four extraction factors of extraction time, extraction temperature, extraction times and liquid-solid ratio, changes the value of one of the influence factors, controls the values of the other three influence factors and finds out the optimal extraction time, extraction temperature, extraction times and liquid-solid ratio. Detecting the peak area of the solanesol in each extracting solution by using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography, and calculating the extraction rate of the solanesol by using the formula in the step [0005 ]. Wherein the research range of the liquid-solid ratio is 10-30mL/g, the extraction time is 5h, the extraction temperature is 50 ℃, and the result is shown in figure 2. The extraction time was studied in the range of 4-8 hours, the liquid-solid ratio was 20mL/g, the extraction temperature was 50 ℃ and the results are shown in FIG. 3. The extraction temperature was studied in the range of 30-70 deg.C, the liquid-solid ratio was 20mL/g extraction time 6h, and the results are shown in FIG. 4. The frequency of extraction was studied in the range of 1-5 times, the liquid-solid ratio was 20mL/g, the extraction time was 6h, the extraction temperature was 60 ℃ and the results are shown in FIG. 5. Finally, the optimized extraction conditions are that the extraction temperature is 60 ℃, the extraction time is 6h, the extraction times are 2 times, and the liquid-solid ratio is 20 mL/g.
Claims (3)
1. A mixed solvent for extracting solanesol is characterized in that: the solvent is prepared from weak-polarity n-hexane and strong-polarity glacial acetic acid in a volume ratio of 3: 1 are mixed to obtain the product.
2. A method for extracting solanesol by using an organic solvent is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) removing stems of waste and inferior tobacco leaves, and drying the waste and inferior tobacco leaves in a drying oven until the moisture content of the tobacco leaves is 5%;
(2) crushing the tobacco leaves with water removed, adding 1.5-2 parts of deionized water into 1 part of tobacco leaf powder according to the mass ratio, leaching the tobacco at 50 ℃ for 5 hours to reduce water-soluble impurities in the tobacco, and drying filter residues after filtering;
(3) putting the dried filter residue obtained in the step (2) into a container, adding a mixed solvent to extract the solanesol, wherein the mixed solvent comprises weak-polarity n-hexane and strong-polarity glacial acetic acid in a volume ratio of 3: 1, mixing to obtain the product; the extraction conditions comprise extraction temperature of 60 deg.C, extraction time of 6h, extraction frequency of 2 times, and liquid-solid ratio of 20 mL/g.
3. The method for extracting solanesol using organic solvent as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water-soluble impurities in the tobacco are nicotine, inorganic salt and citric acid.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114249632A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-29 | 贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司 | Novel process for purifying solanesol based on chemically modified diatomite |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104151140A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-11-19 | 武汉工程大学 | Method for comprehensively extracting multiple effective components from tobacco leaves |
| CN104326912A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2015-02-04 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Separation method of effective components from tobacco |
| CN110903168A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2020-03-24 | 河南元萃生物科技有限公司 | Method for subcritical extraction of solanesol in waste tobacco leaves |
| US20200187551A1 (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2020-06-18 | British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited | Method |
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- 2020-07-02 CN CN202010629066.2A patent/CN111732498A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104151140A (en) * | 2014-07-11 | 2014-11-19 | 武汉工程大学 | Method for comprehensively extracting multiple effective components from tobacco leaves |
| CN104326912A (en) * | 2014-07-25 | 2015-02-04 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Separation method of effective components from tobacco |
| US20200187551A1 (en) * | 2017-04-28 | 2020-06-18 | British American Tobacco (Investments) Limited | Method |
| CN110903168A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2020-03-24 | 河南元萃生物科技有限公司 | Method for subcritical extraction of solanesol in waste tobacco leaves |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 赵国杰等: "烟草中茄尼醇的提取研究进展", 《现代化工》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114249632A (en) * | 2021-12-20 | 2022-03-29 | 贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司 | Novel process for purifying solanesol based on chemically modified diatomite |
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