CN111730224A - Welding deformation control method for long-weld structural part - Google Patents
Welding deformation control method for long-weld structural part Download PDFInfo
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- CN111730224A CN111730224A CN202010641176.0A CN202010641176A CN111730224A CN 111730224 A CN111730224 A CN 111730224A CN 202010641176 A CN202010641176 A CN 202010641176A CN 111730224 A CN111730224 A CN 111730224A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/003—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to controlling of welding distortion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/006—Vehicles
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- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a welding deformation control method for a long-weld structural member, relates to the technical field of welding, and solves the problems of unobvious effect and poor stability of the existing welding deformation control method. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the method for controlling welding deformation of the long-weld structural part comprises the following steps of firstly welding an original structural part to obtain deformation data after welding; then, performing compensatory adjustment on the data model of the original structural part according to the deformation data to obtain a process data model, and manufacturing a sample according to the process data model; finally, welding the sample piece, acquiring welded appearance data, comparing the welded appearance data with the appearance data of the original structural piece to obtain a deformation, and taking a process data model as a final design if the deformation meets the technical requirement; otherwise, the sample piece is used as an original structural piece and is restarted. The invention is suitable for controlling the welding deformation of the large-size arc buckling type structural member, reduces the process control difficulty and the process cost, and effectively ensures the size precision of the structural member.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding, in particular to a method for controlling welding deformation of a long-weld structural member.
Background
Among the vehicle chassis structure, the application of jumbo size arc buckled structure is comparatively extensive, and this type of structure has the characteristics that the size span is big, intensity is high, is favorable to arranging and the performance timing of whole car. The welding seam of the large-size arc buckling type structural part is long in arrangement, so that the structural part is large in deformation after welding, and the whole vehicle assembly and performance parameters are greatly influenced, which troubles technicians in the industry all the time. The method for controlling the welding deformation of the structural member is always the direction of the extensive technical personnel.
At present, welding deformation is mainly controlled by the following two ways, the first is to optimize the welding process and adopt sectional welding and symmetrical welding to reduce the welding deformation as much as possible. The second is to optimize the structural design and increase the strength and rigidity of the structural member to reduce welding deformation. However, both of these two methods of controlling deformation are not ideal, and have limited degree of deformation reduction, poor stability between batches, and high cost of single product.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a welding deformation control method for a long-weld structural part, which solves the problems of unobvious effect and poor stability of the existing welding deformation control method.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the welding deformation control method for the long-weld structural part comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring appearance data of the original structural part, welding the original structural part, acquiring appearance data of the welded structural part, and comparing to obtain deformation data after welding;
s2, performing compensatory adjustment on the data model of the original structural component according to the deformation data to obtain a process data model of the designed structural component, and manufacturing a sample piece of the designed structural component according to the process data model;
s3, welding the sample piece of the designed structural member to obtain the appearance data of the welded structural member, comparing the appearance data with the appearance data of the original structural member in the step S1 to obtain the deformation after welding, and if the deformation meets the technical requirements, taking the process data model of the designed structural member in the step S2 as the final design; otherwise, the designed structural member in the step S2 is used as an original structural member and the process returns to the step S1.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: when the deformation data is acquired in step S1 and the deformation amount is acquired in step S3, at least two deformation control points are selected on the structural member, one of the deformation control points is used as a reference point, and the three-dimensional deformation of the other deformation control points relative to the reference point is used as a calculation basis for the deformation data and the deformation amount.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the structural member in the step S1 is an arc-shaped buckled structure, points a and B are marked at two ends of the structural member respectively, points C and D are marked at an arc-shaped part in the middle of the structural member respectively, wherein the points a, B, C and D are all installation hard points, and the deformation data in the step S1 and the deformation amount in the step S3 are calculated: any point of the points A, B, C and D is taken as a reference point, and the deformation of the other three points relative to the reference point is taken as the basis.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: in the step S1, the original structural parts are the upper part and the lower part of the engine longitudinal beam respectively, the engine longitudinal beam comprises the upper part and the lower part, the upper part and the lower part are connected by welding after being buckled to form a long welding line, and a reinforcing part is arranged between the upper part and the lower part.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, the data model of the original structural member is subjected to compensatory adjustment by obtaining the deformation data of the welded structural member and adopting a structure compensation method, so that the structure compensation quantity is basically the same as the welding deformation quantity, the purpose of controlling the welding deformation is achieved, the problem of welding deformation of the long-weld arc structural member is effectively solved, and the method has the advantages of obvious effect, good stability, high dimensional precision, reduction of process control difficulty and process cost and low implementation cost.
The deformation control points are selected on the structural member, the three-dimensional deformation of the control points relative to the reference points is used as the calculation basis of the deformation data and the deformation amount, the key of controlling the deformation is grasped, and the operation difficulty is simplified.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an exploded view of an engine side member in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the arrangement positions of deformation control points of the upper portion of the engine side member shown in fig. 1.
Reference numerals: upper part 1, lower part 2, reinforcement 3, long weld 4.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
As shown in figure 1, the engine longitudinal beam comprises an upper part 1 and a lower part 2, wherein the upper part 1 and the lower part 2 are connected by welding after being buckled to form a long welding line, and a reinforcing part 3 is arranged between the upper part 1 and the lower part 2. The upper part 1 and the lower part 2 of the engine longitudinal beam are both arc-shaped buckling structures, namely structural components with the middle parts approximately in an arc shape. The upper part 1 and the lower part 2 of the engine longitudinal beam are respectively subjected to welding deformation control according to the method of the invention. The present invention will be described below by taking as an example the case where the welding deformation of the upper portion 1 of the engine side member is controlled by the method of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the upper part 1 and the lower part 2 of the engine longitudinal beam are buckled and then welded to form a long welding seam 4, hole sites are respectively arranged at two ends of the upper part 1 of the engine longitudinal beam, and the centers of the hole sites are respectively marked as a point A and a point B; the middle arc-shaped part of the upper part 1 has two other hard mounting points which are marked as a point C and a point D respectively. The welding deformation control method for the long-weld structural part comprises the following steps:
s1, the contour data of the upper part 1 of the engine side member, i.e. the original, standard contour data of the upper part 1, are acquired. And then, welding the upper part 1 to obtain the appearance data of the welded structural part, and comparing the appearance data with the appearance data of the original structural part to obtain the deformation data after welding. The upper part 1 of the engine longitudinal beam deforms after being welded, the deformation is mainly that the Z-direction size of C, D points is lifted, the distance between A, B points is elongated, and the specific values of the lifting and the elongation are related to the distance between A, B points and the radian of a welding seam of the whole structural part. Since the points a, B, C, and D are the mounting hard points of the upper portion 1 and the deformation control points of the upper portion 1, only the deformation data of these four points can be considered in calculating the deformation data.
And S2, performing compensatory adjustment on the data model of the original structural component according to the deformation data to obtain a process data model of the designed structural component, and manufacturing a sample piece of the designed structural component according to the process data model. The compensatory adjustment is to optimize a data model of an original structural member and perform structural compensation on the data model, namely, reserve welding deformation to make the structural compensation consistent with the welding deformation.
S3, welding the sample piece of the designed structural member, namely welding the structural member subjected to compensatory adjustment, acquiring the appearance data of the welded structural member, and comparing the appearance data with the appearance data of the original structural member in the step S1 to obtain the deformation after welding; if the deformation meets the technical requirements, taking the process data model of the design structural part in the step S2 as a final design; otherwise, the designed structural member in the step S2 is used as an original structural member and the process returns to the step S1. The technical requirement can be an industry specification or standard, and can also be a technical standard meeting actual production. Compensatory adjustments to the data model may be made in one go or may require multiple rounds.
Calculating deformation data in the step S2 and a deformation amount in the step S3, using any one of the points a, B, C and D as a reference point, and calculating the deformation of the other three points with respect to the reference point; alternatively, the deformation of four points, i.e., point a, point B, point C, and point D, is calculated using other points such as the center and the center of gravity of the upper portion 1 of the engine side member as reference points. Wherein the deformation is three-dimensional deformation in X direction, Y direction and Z direction.
For the upper part 1 of the engine longitudinal beam, the deformation of the point A and the point B is mainly the distance change between the point A and the point B, while the deformation of the point C and the deformation of the point D are mainly vertical deformation, so when the deformation data and the deformation amount are calculated, the point A and the point B only consider the deformation in the horizontal one-dimensional direction, namely the deformation in the direction of the connecting line of the point A and the point B; points C and D consider only deformations in the Z direction, i.e. the vertical direction. In the above procedure, the test results are shown in table 1, in which the samples from # 1 to # 10 were tested using point a of the upper part 1 of the engine side member as the reference point and the deformation of points C and D from point a as the example. The dimensions in table 1 are in units of millimeters.
TABLE 1 deformation of points C and D in the upper part of the engine longitudinal beam in relation to point A
Table 1 will be described below by taking the Z-direction dimension of the 1# sample AC as an example. The original, standard, theoretical dimension of point C of the upper part 1 of the engine side rail in the Z direction relative to point a is 55.0 mm. After the upper part 1 and the lower part 2 of the engine longitudinal beam are welded, the size of the point C relative to the point A in the Z direction is 49.872mm, and the difference between the welded size and the theoretical size is deformation data, specifically-5.128 mm. And determining the structural compensation amount of the C point position to be 5mm by referring to the average value of the deformation data. And welding the upper part 1 and the lower part 2 of the engine longitudinal beam after structural compensation, wherein the size of the point C relative to the point A in the Z direction is 54.852mm, namely the compensated size in the table 1 is 54.852mm, and compared with the standard theoretical size, the deformation amount of the compensated size is only-0.148 mm.
Claims (4)
1. The method for controlling the welding deformation of the long welding seam structural part is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring appearance data of the original structural part, welding the original structural part, acquiring appearance data of the welded structural part, and comparing to obtain deformation data after welding;
s2, performing compensatory adjustment on the data model of the original structural component according to the deformation data to obtain a process data model of the designed structural component, and manufacturing a sample piece of the designed structural component according to the process data model;
s3, welding the sample piece of the designed structural member to obtain the appearance data of the welded structural member, comparing the appearance data with the appearance data of the original structural member in the step S1 to obtain the deformation after welding, and if the deformation meets the technical requirements, taking the process data model of the designed structural member in the step S2 as the final design; otherwise, the designed structural member in the step S2 is used as an original structural member and the process returns to the step S1.
2. The long weld joint structural member welding deformation control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the deformation data is acquired in step S1 and the deformation amount is acquired in step S3, at least two deformation control points are selected on the structural member, one of the deformation control points is used as a reference point, and the three-dimensional deformation of the other deformation control points relative to the reference point is used as a calculation basis for the deformation data and the deformation amount.
3. The long weld joint structural member welding deformation control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the structural member in the step S1 is an arc-shaped buckled structure, points a and B are marked at two ends of the structural member respectively, points C and D are marked at an arc-shaped part in the middle of the structural member respectively, wherein the points a, B, C and D are all installation hard points, and the deformation data in the step S1 and the deformation amount in the step S3 are calculated: any point of the points A, B, C and D is taken as a reference point, and the deformation of the other three points relative to the reference point is taken as the basis.
4. The long weld joint structural member welding deformation control method according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the step S1, the original structural parts are the upper part and the lower part of the engine longitudinal beam respectively, the engine longitudinal beam comprises the upper part and the lower part, the upper part and the lower part are connected by welding after being buckled to form a long welding line, and a reinforcing part is arranged between the upper part and the lower part.
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| CN202010641176.0A CN111730224A (en) | 2020-07-06 | 2020-07-06 | Welding deformation control method for long-weld structural part |
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| CN107679315A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-09 | 上海交通大学 | The geometric compensation method and system of body panel welding deformation |
| CN108115298A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-05 | 四川建安工业有限责任公司 | For the designing and manufacturing technique of car rear overhang class subframe |
| CN108229009A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-29 | 广州广汽荻原模具冲压有限公司 | Design generation method, the apparatus and system of Assembly part model |
| CN111274625A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-06-12 | 北京航空航天大学 | Ridge line position deformation compensation method for roof ridge characteristic composite material thin-wall part |
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2020
- 2020-07-06 CN CN202010641176.0A patent/CN111730224A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR101018049B1 (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2011-03-02 | 목포대학교산학협력단 | System for compensation of welding distortion and method for compensation of welding distortion using the same |
| CN102407406A (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2012-04-11 | 龙工（上海）挖掘机制造有限公司 | Control method of size of bucket rod hinging point of excavator |
| CN106238862A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-21 | 东风汽车公司 | A kind of box vehicle frame longitudinal beam welding reversible deformation method |
| CN107679315A (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2018-02-09 | 上海交通大学 | The geometric compensation method and system of body panel welding deformation |
| CN108115298A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-05 | 四川建安工业有限责任公司 | For the designing and manufacturing technique of car rear overhang class subframe |
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