CN111725900A - Fixed-frequency real eigenstate magnetic coupling wireless power transmission system and design method thereof - Google Patents

Fixed-frequency real eigenstate magnetic coupling wireless power transmission system and design method thereof Download PDF

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CN111725900A
CN111725900A CN202010302483.6A CN202010302483A CN111725900A CN 111725900 A CN111725900 A CN 111725900A CN 202010302483 A CN202010302483 A CN 202010302483A CN 111725900 A CN111725900 A CN 111725900A
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wireless power
frequency
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transmission system
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廖志娟
马帅
冯其凯
夏晨阳
伍小杰
付东山
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China University of Mining and Technology CUMT
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type

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Abstract

The invention provides a fixed-frequency real eigenstate magnetic coupling wireless power transmission system and a design method thereof, and the invention finds that the system obtains the maximum energy efficiency at the eigenfrequency no matter the transmission distance is close or the transmission distance is far, and when the eigenfrequency is real number, the eigenstates are mutually orthogonal, the phase difference of each current in an MC-WPT system is just 180 degrees, and the anti-interference capability of the system is strong. Based on the characteristic, the mathematical model of the magnetic coupling wireless power transmission system is analyzed, and parameters are set, so that the system is ensured to work in a fixed-frequency real intrinsic mode of the system all the time, high-efficiency energy transmission in a certain transmission distance and a certain direction can be realized, and the energy efficiency, the space capacity and the anti-interference performance of the system are improved.

Description

Fixed-frequency real eigenstate magnetic coupling wireless power transmission system and design method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a magnetic coupling wireless power transmission system, in particular to a fixed-frequency real eigenstate magnetic coupling wireless power transmission system and a design method thereof.
Background
The MC-WPT technology realizes the transmission of electric energy from a power supply side to a consumer side without electrical connection. Due to the electrical isolation of the power supply end and the load end, the technology has the advantages of safety, reliability, flexibility and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of household appliances, biomedicine, electric vehicles and the like at present.
At present, the work modes of the MC-WPT system are commonly divided into two types: one is an ICPT mode, namely a secondary side circuit is set to be in a resonance state, and a system works at a zero phase angle frequency by adjusting a primary side compensation capacitor; another is to set the natural frequencies of the individual circuits in the system to be uniform, and to ensure that each circuit is in a resonant state, which is often called a "resonant coupling mode", by setting the magnetic field excitation frequency to be equal to the set circuit natural frequency. However, it is well known that the effective energy transfer range of these two modes of operation is quite limited because: the ICPT mode has a very limited transmission distance, and the energy efficiency of the system is sharply reduced along with the increase of the transmission distance, so that the ICPT mode is only suitable for short-distance energy transmission; the MIT-proposed "resonant coupling" mode enables medium-range energy transfer, but once the receiving end deviates from the optimal energy transfer distance or energy transfer azimuth, the energy efficiency of the system decreases sharply, and even shows a characteristic of decreasing with decreasing transmission distance, which is a so-called frequency splitting phenomenon.
Aiming at the problem of low space capacity of an MC-WPT system, the current theoretical research mainly focuses on aspects of topological structure, magnetic coupling mechanism, system parameter optimization design and control and the like of the MC-WPT system, and the MC-WPT system mainly aims at improving the energy efficiency and the space capacity of the system by optimizing and controlling corresponding parameters. However, due to the problems of limitation of the existing working mode principle and the like, the methods have limited effect of improving the energy efficiency and the space capacity of the system. The popularization and application of the MC-WPT system are limited to a great extent due to extremely limited space capacity, and the MC-WPT system is a basic scientific problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problem that a common working mode of a Magnetic coupling wireless power transfer (MC-WPT) system can only realize high-efficiency energy transmission within a specific range, the patent provides a fixed-frequency real eigenstate Magnetic coupling wireless power transmission system and a design method thereof, and the system can realize high-efficiency energy transmission within a certain transmission distance and direction by ensuring that the system always works in the real eigenstate of the system.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the technical effects, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the fixed-frequency real eigenstate magnetic coupling wireless electric energy transmission system comprises a primary side RLC loop and a secondary side RLC loop, and the mathematical model of an equivalent circuit of the system is as follows:
Figure BDA0002453009350000021
wherein R is1＝Rp1，Rp1Is an equivalent series resistance of a primary side RLC loop; l is1、C1Respectively representing the self-inductance and the compensation capacitance of the transmitter coil, u1Representing a compensation capacitance C1The voltage across the two terminals is such that,
Figure BDA0002453009350000022
represents u1The first derivative of (a) is,
Figure BDA0002453009350000027
represents u1Second derivative of v1Represents the supply voltage of the primary side RLC loop; r2＝Rp2+RL，Rp2Representing the equivalent series resistance, R, of the secondary RLC loopLRepresenting a load resistance; l is2、C2Respectively representing the self-inductance and compensation capacitance of the receiving coil of the secondary RLC loop, M representing the transmitting coil L1And a receiving coil L2Mutual inductance between u2Representing the voltage across the compensation capacitor C2,
Figure BDA0002453009350000023
represents u2The first derivative of (a) is,
Figure BDA0002453009350000028
represents u2The second derivative of (a);
note the book
Figure BDA0002453009350000024
The parameters of the fixed-frequency real eigenstate magnetic coupling wireless power transmission system meet the following requirements:
Figure BDA0002453009350000025
wherein k is a coupling coefficient, and omega is an excitation frequency of the fixed-frequency real eigenstate magnetic coupling wireless power transmission system;
at this time, the magnetic field excitation frequency of the fixed-frequency real eigen-state magnetic coupling wireless power transmission system does not change along with the change of the coupling strength, namely, the fixed-frequency real eigen-state magnetic coupling wireless power transmission system works in a fixed-frequency real eigen-state.
The invention also provides a design method of the fixed-frequency real eigenstate magnetic coupling wireless electric energy transmission system, which comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the self-inductance L of the transmitter coil from the actual coil1Self-inductance L of receiving coil2Equivalent series resistance R of primary side RLC loopp1And the equivalent series resistance R of the secondary side RLC loopp2A value of (d);
(2) determining a transmission distance d, determining a mutual inductance M of the coil based on the actual coil and the relative orientation of the coil, and
Figure BDA0002453009350000026
calculating a coupling coefficient k;
(3) determining the magnetic field excitation frequency omega of the system according to the actual frequency band requirement, and then according to the magnetic field excitation frequency omega
Figure BDA0002453009350000031
Setting a capacitance compensation capacitor C1、C2；
(4) According to
Figure BDA0002453009350000032
Calculate r2And then according to
Figure BDA0002453009350000033
Calculate r1；
(5) According to
Figure BDA0002453009350000034
Calculate R1I.e. Rp1；
(6) And (4) building a magnetic coupling wireless power transmission system according to the circuit parameters determined in the steps (1) to (5), wherein the wireless power transmission system works in a fixed-frequency real eigenstate, and the excitation frequency of a magnetic field is fixed and unchanged.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1) the transmission efficiency is high, and the energy transmission space range is wide. Compared with the traditional MC-WPT system, the fixed-frequency real eigenstate wireless power transmission system can only realize high-efficiency energy transmission in a specific space range, and the fixed-frequency real eigenstate wireless power transmission system can realize high-efficiency energy transmission in a certain distance;
2) the eigenstates of the fixed-frequency real eigenstate wireless electric energy transmission system realized by the invention are mutually orthogonal, the phase difference of the currents in the eigenstate wireless electric energy transmission system is 180 degrees, and the anti-interference capability is strong.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a fixed-frequency real eigenstate wireless power transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of performance comparison between the fixed-frequency real eigenstate wireless power transmission system according to the embodiment of the present invention and the existing MIT resonance wireless power transmission system and the conventional frequency tracking wireless power transmission system, in which when the coupling coefficient k is gradually increased from 0.3 to 0.9 in steps of 0.001, a comparison curve between the output power of the fixed-frequency real eigenstate wireless power transmission system and the transmission power of the MIT resonance wireless power transmission system and the conventional frequency tracking wireless power transmission system is shown;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating performance comparison between the fixed-frequency real eigenstate wireless power transmission system according to the embodiment of the present invention and the existing MIT resonance wireless power transmission system and the conventional frequency tracking wireless power transmission system, where the comparison curve between the transmission efficiency of the fixed-frequency real eigenstate wireless power transmission system and the transmission efficiency of the MIT resonance wireless power transmission system and the conventional frequency tracking wireless power transmission system is shown when the coupling coefficient k is gradually increased from 0.3 to 0.9 in steps of 0.001.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is to be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms, and that there is no intention to limit the invention to the specific embodiments illustrated, but on the contrary, the intention is to cover some exemplary and non-limiting embodiments shown in the attached drawings and described below.
It is to be understood that the features listed above for the different embodiments may be combined with each other to form further embodiments within the scope of the invention, where technically feasible. Furthermore, the particular examples and embodiments of the invention described are non-limiting, and various modifications may be made in the structure, steps, and sequence set forth above without departing from the scope of the invention.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
in an ICPT working mode, a secondary side circuit is set in a resonance state, and the input impedance of the system is made to be pure resistance by adjusting a primary side compensation capacitor. In this operation mode, the larger the transmission distance of the system is, the smaller the coupling coefficient of the system is, and the lower the energy efficiency of the system is. For the 'resonant coupling mode' proposed by MIT, the working frequency of the system is set as the natural frequency of each circuit in the system, and when the transmission distance is long, the frequency of the maximum energy efficiency point of the system is just equal to the set natural frequency of the circuit, so that the energy efficiency of the system is high. However, when the distance is short and the coupling strength of the system is high, the system has a plurality of maximum energy efficiency points, and the corresponding frequencies deviate from the inherent frequency of each set circuit, so that the energy efficiency of the system working at the inherent frequency of the set circuit is low, and the energy efficiency of the system is reduced along with the reduction of the transmission distance. These phenomena are determined by the principle of the operating mode.
According to the MC-WPT system, the maximum energy efficiency of the system is obtained at the eigen frequency no matter the transmission distance is short or the transmission distance is long, and meanwhile, when the eigen states are real numbers, the eigen states are orthogonal to each other, the phase difference of current in the MC-WPT system is just 180 degrees, and the anti-interference capacity of the system is high. Based on the characteristic, the patent provides a fixed-frequency real eigenmode wireless electric energy transmission system and a corresponding design method to ensure that the system is always in a fixed-frequency real eigenmode, so that the energy efficiency, the space capacity and the anti-interference performance of the system are improved.
FIG. 1 shows an exemplary equivalent circuit of an MCR-WPT system, which is composed of two RLC loops, the primary side of which includes a power supply v1Equivalent series resistance Rp1Transmitting coil L1And a compensation capacitor C1The secondary RLC loop includes a receiving coil L2Equivalent series resistance Rp2And a compensation capacitor C2And a load (recording the load resistance as R)L)。
Based on Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL), the mathematical model of the system can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002453009350000041
wherein R is1＝Rp1，u1Representing a compensation capacitance C1The voltage across the two terminals is such that,
Figure BDA0002453009350000042
represents u1The first derivative of (a) is,
Figure BDA0002453009350000043
represents u1Second derivative of (A), R2＝Rp2+RLM denotes a transmitting coil L1And a receiving coil L2Mutual inductance between u2Representing a compensation capacitance C2The voltage across the two terminals is such that,
Figure BDA0002453009350000051
represents u2The first derivative of (a) is,
Figure BDA0002453009350000059
represents u2The second derivative of (a).
Definition vector v ═ v10]T，i＝[i1i2]T，u＝[u1u2]TThe power supply voltage vector, the current vector and the capacitance voltage vector of the system are respectively. Defining matrixes L, C and R as an inductance matrix, a capacitance matrix and a resistance matrix of the system respectively, wherein corresponding expressions are shown as formula (2):
Figure BDA0002453009350000052
order to
Figure BDA0002453009350000053
vin＝[[v′]T01×2]TRespectively, the state vector and the input vector of the system, and then the state space model of the system can be established as follows:
Figure BDA0002453009350000054
wherein:
Figure BDA0002453009350000055
and S is a system matrix of the system. I isn×mAnd 0n×mThe eigenvalues of the system matrix S are the eigenfrequencies of the system, from the definition of the eigenvalues we can see:
|λI-S|＝0 (5)
when formula (4) is substituted for formula (5), it is possible to obtain:
|LCλ2+RCλ+I|＝0 (6)
by substituting equation (2) for equation (6), the characteristic equation of the system can be obtained as follows:
Figure BDA0002453009350000056
order to
Figure BDA0002453009350000057
Equation (7) can be converted into:
Figure BDA0002453009350000058
from formula (8):
Figure BDA0002453009350000061
Figure BDA0002453009350000062
here, we assume r1+r2Not equal to 0, ω can also be assumed without loss of generality1＝ω2＝ω0R is to1+r2Not equal to 0 and ω1＝ω2＝ω0Substitution into formula (9) and formula (10) can give:
Figure BDA0002453009350000063
that is, when equation (11) holds, when the system parameters satisfy equation (11), the system still operates in an eigenstate although the system configuration parameters do not satisfy the parity symmetry. Meanwhile, as can be seen from equation (11), the magnetic field excitation frequency of the system at this time is equal to the natural frequency of each set loop, and does not change with the change of the coupling strength, so that the system is called a fixed-frequency real eigenstate.
The invention also provides a design method of the fixed-frequency real eigenstate magnetic coupling wireless electric energy transmission system, which comprises the following steps:
(1) determining the self-inductance L of the transmitter coil from the actual coil1Self-inductance L of receiving coil2Equivalent series resistance R of primary side RLC loopp1And the equivalent series resistance R of the secondary side RLC loopp2A value of (d);
(2) determining the transmission distance d, determining the mutual inductance M, root of the coilAccording to
Figure BDA0002453009350000064
Calculating a coupling coefficient k;
the transmission distance d between the transmitting coil and the receiving coil influences the mutual inductance M between the two coils, the specific relational expressions of different magnetic circuit structures have differences, and the mutual inductance M can be determined according to the related formulas for the specific coil structures after d is determined.
Taking the hollow spiral coil as an example, the number of turns of the transmitting coil is NiRadius of the transmitting coil is riThe number of turns of the receiving coil is NjThe radius of the receiving coil is rjAnd a vacuum permeability of μ0The calculation formula of mutual inductance is as follows:
Figure BDA0002453009350000065
(3) determining the magnetic field excitation frequency omega of the system according to the actual frequency band requirement, and then according to the magnetic field excitation frequency omega
Figure BDA0002453009350000066
Setting a capacitance compensation capacitor C1、C2；
(4) According to
Figure BDA0002453009350000071
Calculate r2And then according to
Figure BDA0002453009350000072
Calculate r1；
(5) According to
Figure BDA0002453009350000073
Calculate R1I.e. Rp1；
(6) And (4) building a magnetic coupling wireless power transmission system according to the circuit parameters determined in the steps (1) to (5), wherein the wireless power transmission system works in a fixed-frequency real eigenstate, and the excitation frequency of a magnetic field is fixed and unchanged.
To verify the definition proposed hereinIn this embodiment, based on the circuit schematic diagram shown in fig. 1, Simulink is used to build three simulation models: a fixed-frequency real eigenstate model, an MIT resonance model and a traditional frequency tracking model. In the simulation system, the values of the parameters are set as follows: l is1＝L2＝85μH，Rp1＝Rp2＝0.13Ω，C1＝C2＝61.5nF，
Figure BDA0002453009350000074
RL＝10Ω，R2＝Rp1+RL＝10.13Ω，
Figure BDA0002453009350000075
R of MIT resonance mode1And the operating frequency omega is set to
Figure BDA0002453009350000076
R of conventional frequency tracking mode1And the operating frequency omega is set to
Figure BDA0002453009350000077
When the coupling coefficient k is gradually increased from 0.3 to 0.9 in steps of 0.001, a comparison curve of the output power of the fixed-frequency real eigenstate wireless power transmission system with the transmission power of the MIT resonance wireless power transmission system and the conventional frequency tracking wireless power transmission system is shown in fig. 2; a comparison curve of the transmission efficiency of the fixed-frequency real eigenstate wireless power transmission system and the transmission efficiency of the MIT resonance wireless power transmission system and the conventional frequency tracking wireless power transmission system is shown in fig. 3.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the MIT resonance mode has a large transmission efficiency within a certain distance, but the transmission power of the system decreases with decreasing transmission distance (increasing coupling coefficient), which indicates that the frequency splitting phenomenon occurs in the conventional resonance mode and the system operates at a frequency that is not the maximum frequency point of the system.
For the frequency splitting phenomenon, the system can work at the maximum power frequency point by using the traditional frequency tracking mode, and at the moment, the power of the system can be kept at a higher value within a certain transmission distance range, but the mode can sacrifice the transmission efficiency of the system.
The fixed-frequency real eigenstate wireless electric energy transmission system provided by the patent can effectively improve the power of the system aiming at the frequency splitting phenomenon, and simultaneously ensures a larger transmission efficiency.
The above-described embodiments, particularly any "preferred" embodiments, are possible examples of implementations, and are presented merely for a clear understanding of the principles of the invention. Many variations and modifications may be made to the above-described embodiments without departing substantially from the spirit and principles of the technology described herein, and such variations and modifications are to be considered within the scope of the invention.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (2)

1. A fixed-frequency real eigenstate magnetic coupling wireless electric energy transmission system comprises a primary side RLC loop and a secondary side RLC loop, and is characterized in that a mathematical model of an equivalent circuit of the system is as follows:
Figure FDA0002453009340000011
wherein R is1＝Rp1，Rp1Is an equivalent series resistance of a primary side RLC loop; l is1、C1Respectively representing the self-inductance and the compensation capacitance of the transmitter coil, u1Representing a compensation capacitance C1The voltage across the two terminals is such that,
Figure FDA0002453009340000012
represents u1The first derivative of (a) is,
Figure FDA0002453009340000013
represents u1Second derivative of v1Represents the supply voltage of the primary side RLC loop; r2＝Rp2+RL，Rp2Representing the equivalent series resistance, R, of the secondary RLC loopLRepresenting a load resistance; l is2、C2Respectively representing the self-inductance and compensation capacitance of the receiving coil of the secondary RLC loop, M representing the transmitting coil L1And a receiving coil L2Mutual inductance between u2Representing a compensation capacitance C2The voltage across the two terminals is such that,
Figure FDA0002453009340000014
represents u2The first derivative of (a) is,
Figure FDA0002453009340000015
represents u2The second derivative of (a);
note the book
Figure FDA0002453009340000016
The parameters of the fixed-frequency real eigenstate magnetic coupling wireless power transmission system meet the following requirements:
Figure FDA0002453009340000017
wherein k is a coupling coefficient, and omega is an excitation frequency of the fixed-frequency real eigenstate magnetic coupling wireless power transmission system;
at this time, the magnetic field excitation frequency of the fixed-frequency real eigen-state magnetic coupling wireless power transmission system does not change along with the change of the coupling strength, namely, the fixed-frequency real eigen-state magnetic coupling wireless power transmission system works in a fixed-frequency real eigen-state.
2. The method of designing a fixed-frequency real eigenstate magnetically coupled wireless power transfer system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
(1) determining the self-inductance L of the transmitter coil from the actual coil1Self-inductance L of receiving coil2Equivalent series resistance R of primary side RLC loopp1And secondary side RLC loopEquivalent series resistance R of the circuitp2A value of (d);
(2) determining a transmission distance d, determining a mutual inductance M of the coil based on the actual coil and the relative orientation of the coil, and
Figure FDA0002453009340000018
calculating a coupling coefficient k;
(3) determining the magnetic field excitation frequency omega of the system according to the actual frequency band requirement, and then according to the magnetic field excitation frequency omega
Figure FDA0002453009340000021
Setting a capacitance compensation capacitor C1、C2；
(4) Root stripping machine
Figure FDA0002453009340000022
Calculate r2And then root-disassembles
Figure FDA0002453009340000023
Calculate r1；
(5) According to
Figure FDA0002453009340000024
Calculate R1I.e. Rp1；
(6) And (4) building a magnetic coupling wireless power transmission system according to the circuit parameters determined in the steps (1) to (5), wherein the wireless power transmission system works in a fixed-frequency real eigenstate, and the excitation frequency of a magnetic field is fixed and unchanged.
CN202010302483.6A 2020-04-16 2020-04-16 Fixed-frequency real eigenstate magnetic coupling wireless power transmission system and design method thereof Pending CN111725900A (en)

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CN112311104A (en) * 2020-10-23 2021-02-02 中国矿业大学 EIT-like multi-relay wireless power transmission system and design method thereof
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Application publication date: 20200929