CN111718846A - Intelligent dry anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen garbage - Google Patents
Intelligent dry anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen garbage Download PDFInfo
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- CN111718846A CN111718846A CN202010545147.4A CN202010545147A CN111718846A CN 111718846 A CN111718846 A CN 111718846A CN 202010545147 A CN202010545147 A CN 202010545147A CN 111718846 A CN111718846 A CN 111718846A
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- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title abstract description 25
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000010806 kitchen waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003062 neural network model Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
An intelligent dry anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste comprises a pretreatment module, an anaerobic fermentation module, an energy module and a post-treatment module; the pretreatment module comprises a crushing device and a screening device; the anaerobic fermentation module comprises an anaerobic fermentation tank, a methane treatment device and an organic material discharge port, the anaerobic fermentation tank is connected with the screening device, the methane treatment device is connected with the energy module, and the organic material discharge port is connected with the post-treatment module; the energy module comprises a heat supply device or a steam supply device or a power generation device which takes the methane as energy; the post-processing module is including separator, and separator is liquid fertilizer and solid fertilizer with organic material export exhaust organic material separation, through the modular mode with the entire system split for the pretreatment module, anaerobic fermentation module, energy module and post-processing module, has realized the miniaturization, can install the deployment in order to realize wet rubbish and handle on the spot in places such as district, market, mill.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wet garbage treatment, in particular to an intelligent dry anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen garbage.
Background
The traditional wet garbage power generation project is generally a large project, a wet garbage power plant is built in a suburb, for example, a dawn organic matter solid waste treatment plant in Pudong, 300 tons of wet garbage can be collected every day by means of wet garbage transfer garbage trucks for transfer, and the current daily generated energy reaches 4.5 ten thousand degrees through an anaerobic biogas production power generation technology. However, the situation of wet waste transfer is inevitably needed in the traditional mode of establishing a wet waste power plant in suburbs, and the current mode is basically to use a wet waste transfer trolley for wet waste transfer. However, the wet garbage transfer vehicle may cause secondary pollution in the wet garbage transfer process, such as liquid leakage in the transfer process, and if the wet garbage cannot be transferred to a wet garbage treatment plant in time, the wet garbage may rot, which affects the surrounding environment. There are improvements in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an intelligent dry anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen garbage, which is characterized in that the whole system is divided into a pretreatment module, an anaerobic fermentation module, an energy module and a post-treatment module in a modularized mode, so that the miniaturization is realized, and the system can be installed and deployed in districts, markets, factories and other places to realize the on-site treatment of wet garbage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an intelligent dry anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste comprises a pretreatment module, an anaerobic fermentation module, an energy module and a post-treatment module;
the pretreatment module comprises a crushing device and a screening device, the crushing device is used for crushing materials, the screening device is used for screening the crushed materials and injecting the screened organic materials into the anaerobic fermentation module;
the anaerobic fermentation module comprises an anaerobic fermentation tank, a methane treatment device and an organic material discharge hole, the anaerobic fermentation tank is connected with the screening device, the methane treatment device is connected with the energy module and supplies methane generated in the anaerobic fermentation tank to the energy module, and the organic material discharge hole is connected with the post-treatment module;
the energy module comprises a heat supply device or a steam supply device or a power generation device which takes the methane as energy;
the post-treatment module comprises a separation device, and the separation device separates the organic materials discharged from the organic material outlet into liquid organic fertilizers and solid organic fertilizers.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, through the modular mode with the entire system split into pretreatment module, anaerobic fermentation module, energy module and aftertreatment module, pretreatment module carries out breakage and separation and drops into anaerobic fermentation module to throwing into wet rubbish, the material carries out anaerobic fermentation and produces marsh gas in anaerobic fermentation module, energy module utilizes marsh gas to realize the reuse of energy, aftertreatment module pretreatment module, anaerobic fermentation module, the waste material that energy module produced carries out innocent treatment, this system has realized the miniaturization, can install the deployment in order to realize wet rubbish spot treatment in places such as district, market, mill.
The invention is further configured to: the energy module comprises a buffer device, the buffer device is connected with the methane treatment device, and the methane discharged by the methane treatment device is stored in the buffer device; the buffer device is provided with a pressure release valve, the pressure release valve discharges methane when the internal pressure of the buffer device reaches a threshold value, and an anti-backfire device and an anti-explosion device are further arranged between the buffer device and the energy module.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the marsh gas of depositing among the buffer reaches certain threshold value, can open the relief valve among the buffer and adjust inside and outside pressure, avoid appearing the explosion accident, anti-backfire device and explosion-proof equipment can prevent that the energy module from taking place the backfire in combustion process, guarantee the safe operation of this system.
The invention is further configured to: the energy module comprises a methane-air mixing regulator, an oxygen sensor for monitoring oxygen concentration is arranged in the mixing regulator, and the oxygen sensor is used for regulating air-fuel ratio and air inflow of the mixing regulator.
By adopting the technical scheme, the biogas combustion speed has very low characteristic, and the mixing regulator can ensure that the biogas has sufficient oxygen in the combustion process.
The invention is further configured to: the energy module comprises an internal combustion engine, and a pressure sensor for detecting gas pressure in the combustion process is arranged in a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, pressure sensor monitors the combustion chamber pressure of internal-combustion engine, can judge the running state of generator, avoids the emergence of incident.
The invention is further configured to: the post-treatment module also comprises a sewage treatment device, and the sewage treatment device collects the moisture generated by the pretreatment module and the energy module.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, become the emission or the use that can reach emission standard with sewage treatment through the sewage purification device in the aftertreatment module, avoid causing secondary pollution to the environment.
The invention is further configured to: the separation device comprises a weighing device for weighing the input materials in the separation process, and the weighing device respectively weighs the organic matters input into the anaerobic fermentation tank and the dry garbage separated out.
By adopting the technical scheme, the yield of the biogas is measured and calculated by recording the weight of the organic matters.
The invention is further configured to: the anaerobic fermentation tank is provided with: a first timer for recording the stirring time and a second timer for recording the heating time; a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature in the anaerobic fermentation tank, a humidity sensor for measuring the humidity, an air pressure sensor for measuring the air pressure and a combustible gas sensor for measuring the methane content; the device comprises a weight sensor for measuring the weight of materials in the anaerobic fermentation tank, wherein a first timer, a second timer, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a pressure sensor, a combustible gas sensor and the weight sensor are connected with a processing module, and the processing module is connected with a data display.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, processing module handles the information real-time reaction to the data display in the anaerobic fermentation jar to first time-recorder, second time-recorder, temperature sensor, humidity transducer, baroceptor, combustible gas sensor and weight sensor, makes the operator know the fermentation condition in the anaerobic fermentation jar in real time.
The invention is further configured to: the intelligent Internet of things remote control module receives the information of the processing module, and the intelligent Internet of things remote control module carries out data prediction by comprising a three-layer LSTM neural network model: the first layer of LSTM receives historical equipment data of equipment, the first dimension receives running time information of a pretreatment module, an anaerobic fermentation module, an energy module and a post-treatment module, the second dimension receives pressure safety indexes of the anaerobic fermentation module and the energy module, and the third dimension represents the content of methane in an anaerobic fermentation tank; the second layer LSTM takes the output of the first layer LSTM as input; the third layer LSTM takes the output of the second layer LSTM as input, the first layer LSTM, the second layer LSTM and the third layer LSTM use a tanh activation function, the output of the third layer LSTM is taken as input and is connected to a full connection layer, the output of the full connection layer is a one-dimensional vector with the length of 30, the value of 30 predicted data points in the future month is represented by the final output result, and the value is used as the value for judging whether the equipment needs to be maintained or not.
By adopting the technical scheme, the information of the processing module is processed by the three-layer LSTM neural network model, the running condition of the system is measured and calculated, and a user is reminded of maintaining the system in time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an intelligent dry anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a pre-processing module;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an anaerobic fermentation module;
FIG. 4 is a tree diagram of energy utilization for the energy modules;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a post-processing module architecture;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a screening device;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an anaerobic fermenter;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an energy module;
fig. 9 is a diagram of an intelligent internet of things remote control module.
In the figure: 1. a preprocessing module; 11. a crushing device; 12. a screening device; 2. an anaerobic fermentation module; 21. anaerobic fermentation tank; 22. a biogas treatment device; 23. an organic material discharge port; 3. an energy module; 31. a heating device; 32. a steam supply device; 33. a power generation device; 4. a post-processing module; 41. a separation device; 42. a sewage purification device; 5. a buffer device; 6. an anti-backfire device; 7. an explosion-proof device; 8. a pressure relief valve; 9. a first timer; 10. a second timer; 13. a temperature sensor; 14. a humidity sensor; 15. an air pressure sensor; 16. a combustible gas sensor; 17. a weight sensor; 18. a processing module; 19. a data display module; 20. a mixing regulator; 24. an oxygen sensor; 25. a pressure sensor; 26. intelligence thing networking remote control module.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 9, an intelligent dry anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste comprises a pretreatment module, an anaerobic fermentation module, an energy module and a post-treatment module;
the pretreatment module comprises a crushing device and a screening device, the crushing device is used for crushing materials, the screening device is used for screening the crushed materials and injecting the screened organic materials into the anaerobic fermentation module;
the anaerobic fermentation module comprises an anaerobic fermentation tank, a methane treatment device and an organic material discharge hole, the anaerobic fermentation tank is connected with the screening device, the methane treatment device is connected with the energy module and supplies methane generated in the anaerobic fermentation tank to the energy module, and the organic material discharge hole is connected with the post-treatment module;
the energy module comprises a heat supply device or a steam supply device or a power generation device which takes the methane as energy;
the post-treatment module comprises a separation device, and the separation device separates the organic materials discharged from the organic material outlet into liquid organic fertilizers and solid organic fertilizers.
Furthermore, the energy module comprises a buffer device, the buffer device is connected with the methane treatment device, and methane discharged by the methane treatment device is stored in the buffer device; the buffer device is provided with a pressure release valve, the pressure release valve discharges methane when the internal pressure of the buffer device reaches a threshold value, and an anti-backfire device and an anti-explosion device are further arranged between the buffer device and the energy module.
Further, the energy module comprises a methane-air mixing regulator, an oxygen sensor for monitoring oxygen concentration is arranged in the mixing regulator, and the oxygen sensor is used for regulating air-fuel ratio and air inflow of the mixing regulator.
Further, the energy module comprises an internal combustion engine, and a pressure sensor for detecting gas pressure in the combustion process is arranged in a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
Furthermore, the post-treatment module also comprises a sewage treatment device, and the sewage treatment device collects the moisture generated by the pretreatment module and the energy module.
Furthermore, the separation device comprises a weighing device for weighing the input materials in the separation process, and the weighing device is used for weighing the organic matters input into the anaerobic fermentation tank and the dry garbage separated out respectively.
Further, the anaerobic fermentation tank is provided with: a first timer for recording the stirring time and a second timer for recording the heating time; a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature in the anaerobic fermentation tank, a humidity sensor for measuring the humidity, an air pressure sensor for measuring the air pressure and a combustible gas sensor for measuring the methane content; the device comprises a weight sensor for measuring the weight of materials in the anaerobic fermentation tank, wherein a first timer, a second timer, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a pressure sensor, a combustible gas sensor and the weight sensor are connected with a processing module, and the processing module is connected with a data display.
Furthermore, the system also comprises an intelligent Internet of things remote control module, wherein the intelligent Internet of things remote control module carries out data prediction by comprising a three-layer LSTM neural network model: the first layer of LSTM receives historical equipment data of equipment, the first dimension receives running time information of a pretreatment module, an anaerobic fermentation module, an energy module and a post-treatment module, the second dimension receives pressure safety indexes of the anaerobic fermentation module and the energy module, and the third dimension represents the content of methane in an anaerobic fermentation tank; the second layer LSTM takes the output of the first layer LSTM as input; the third layer LSTM takes the output of the second layer LSTM as input, the first layer LSTM, the second layer LSTM and the third layer LSTM use a tanh activation function, the output of the third layer LSTM is taken as input and is connected to a full connection layer, the output of the full connection layer is a one-dimensional vector with the length of 30, the value of 30 predicted data points in the future month is represented by the final output result, and the value is used as the value for judging whether the equipment needs to be maintained or not.
The specific using process is as follows:
and (3) putting the wet garbage discarded by the user in a centralized manner into a pretreatment module for crushing treatment, and separating organic matters from possibly existing non-organic matters by using a screening device after the crushing treatment is finished. And directly discarding dry garbage in the non-organic matters as dry garbage, and fermenting the organic matters in an anaerobic fermentation module. The screening plant carries out the in-process of separating and can weigh the organic matter that drops into anaerobic fermentation module, measures the weight of the organic matter that drops into dry-type anaerobic fermentation jar and the dry rubbish of branch and gives intelligent thing networking remote control module with data transmission.
The organic matter gets into anaerobic fermentation tank and carries out fermentation treatment, and anaerobic fermentation tank is through the time of first timer record agitating unit stirring, the time of second timer record heating at the in-process of organic matter fermentation, through temperature sensor, humidity transducer, baroceptor, combustible gas sensor, weight sensor with real-time data transmission to intelligence thing networking remote control module in the anaerobic fermentation tank.
When enough methane is generated in the anaerobic fermentation tank, the methane is temporarily stored in the buffer device, when the methane stored in the buffer device reaches a certain threshold value, the methane is input into a methane generator in the energy conversion module, the methane generator uses the methane to generate electricity, the generated electric energy can be converted into hot water, cold water, steam or electric power according to the selection of a user, the methane needs to pass through the buffer device before entering the methane generator, the buffer device regulates the stability of gas entering the methane engine through the pressure difference of the methane, and meanwhile, in order to prevent the methane pipeline from being exploded due to the tempering of the gas inlet pipe, the anti-tempering and anti-explosion device is arranged on the methane supply pipeline.
In order to ensure the stable and safe combustion of the biogas, a biogas-air mixing regulator is arranged, an oxygen sensor is arranged in the mixing regulator and used for monitoring the oxygen concentration in the mixing regulator and regulating the air-fuel ratio and the air inflow of the mixer, and the mixer is accurately and sensitively regulated. Redesigned the combustion chamber of energy module, installed pressure sensor additional simultaneously, the pressure condition when monitoring the generator operation can improve the operation life-span of energy module to the design of combustion chamber, and the burning condition of marsh gas in the pressure sensor monitoring energy module avoids the emergence of incident. The energy module sends data acquired by various sensors to the intelligent Internet of things remote control module.
The post-processing module is required to process the fertilizer produced after the fermentation of the organic matters is completed, and the post-processing module divides the produced fertilizer into a liquid organic fertilizer and a solid organic fertilizer through a separating device according to different requirements. If sewage is generated in the process of crushing and separating the pretreatment module, the post-treatment module can treat the sewage into water which can reach the discharge standard through the sewage purification device and is used for people to water flowers. The post-processing module also can measure the weight of the liquid organic fertilizer and the solid organic fertilizer in the process of processing the liquid organic fertilizer and the solid organic fertilizer, and simultaneously sends data to the intelligent Internet of things remote control module through the Internet of things module.
It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and these changes and modifications belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An intelligent dry anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste is characterized by comprising a pretreatment module, an anaerobic fermentation module, an energy module and a post-treatment module;
the pretreatment module comprises a crushing device and a screening device, the crushing device is used for crushing materials, the screening device is used for screening the crushed materials and injecting the screened organic materials into the anaerobic fermentation module;
the anaerobic fermentation module comprises an anaerobic fermentation tank, a methane treatment device and an organic material discharge hole, the anaerobic fermentation tank is connected with the screening device, the methane treatment device is connected with the energy module and supplies methane generated in the anaerobic fermentation tank to the energy module, and the organic material discharge hole is connected with the post-treatment module;
the energy module comprises a heat supply device or a steam supply device or a power generation device which takes the methane as energy;
the post-treatment module comprises a separation device, and the separation device separates the organic materials discharged from the organic material outlet into liquid organic fertilizers and solid organic fertilizers.
2. The intelligent dry anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste according to claim 1, wherein the energy module comprises a buffer device, the buffer device is connected with a biogas processing device, and biogas discharged from the biogas processing device is stored in the buffer device; the buffer device is provided with a pressure release valve, the pressure release valve discharges methane when the internal pressure of the buffer device reaches a threshold value, and an anti-backfire device and an anti-explosion device are further arranged between the buffer device and the energy module.
3. The intelligent dry anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste as claimed in claim 2, wherein the energy module comprises a biogas-air mixing regulator, an oxygen sensor for monitoring oxygen concentration is arranged inside the mixing regulator, and the oxygen sensor is used for adjusting air-fuel ratio and air intake of the mixing regulator.
4. The intelligent dry anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste according to claim 3, wherein the energy module comprises an internal combustion engine, and a pressure sensor for detecting gas pressure in the combustion process is arranged in a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
5. The intelligent dry anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste according to claim 4, wherein the post-treatment module further comprises a sewage treatment device, and the sewage treatment device collects water generated by the pre-treatment module and the energy module.
6. The kitchen waste intelligent dry anaerobic fermentation system as claimed in claim 5, wherein the separation device comprises a weighing device for weighing the input materials in the separation process, and the weighing device respectively weighs the organic matters input into the anaerobic fermentation tank and the dry waste separated out.
7. The intelligent dry anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste according to claim 6, wherein the anaerobic fermentation tank is provided with: a first timer for recording the stirring time and a second timer for recording the heating time; a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature in the anaerobic fermentation tank, a humidity sensor for measuring the humidity, an air pressure sensor for measuring the air pressure and a combustible gas sensor for measuring the methane content; the device comprises a weight sensor for measuring the weight of materials in the anaerobic fermentation tank, wherein a first timer, a second timer, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a pressure sensor, a combustible gas sensor and the weight sensor are connected with a processing module, and the processing module is connected with a data display.
8. The intelligent dry anaerobic fermentation system for kitchen waste according to claim 7, further comprising an intelligent Internet of things remote control module, wherein the intelligent Internet of things remote control module comprises a three-layer LSTM neural network model for data prediction: the first layer of LSTM receives historical equipment data of equipment, the first dimension receives running time information of a pretreatment module, an anaerobic fermentation module, an energy module and a post-treatment module, the second dimension receives pressure safety indexes of the anaerobic fermentation module and the energy module, and the third dimension represents the content of methane in an anaerobic fermentation tank; the second layer LSTM takes the output of the first layer LSTM as input; the third layer LSTM takes the output of the second layer LSTM as input, the first layer LSTM, the second layer LSTM and the third layer LSTM use a tanh activation function, the output of the third layer LSTM is taken as input and is connected to a full connection layer, the output of the full connection layer is a one-dimensional vector with the length of 30, the value of 30 predicted data points in the future month is represented by the final output result, and the value is used as the value for judging whether the equipment needs to be maintained or not.
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