CN111716975B - Independent suspension system of trailer - Google Patents
Independent suspension system of trailer Download PDFInfo
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- CN111716975B CN111716975B CN202010743712.8A CN202010743712A CN111716975B CN 111716975 B CN111716975 B CN 111716975B CN 202010743712 A CN202010743712 A CN 202010743712A CN 111716975 B CN111716975 B CN 111716975B
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- torsion bar
- swing arm
- bar spring
- axle
- rotating shaft
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- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036544 posture Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G15/00—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type
- B60G15/02—Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location or type of combined spring and vibration damper, e.g. telescopic type having mechanical spring
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G3/00—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel
- B60G3/02—Resilient suspensions for a single wheel with a single pivoted arm
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2202/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of spring, damper or actuator
- B60G2202/10—Type of spring
- B60G2202/13—Torsion spring
- B60G2202/134—Torsion spring comprising a transversal torsion bar and/or tube
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
- B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
- B60G2204/14—Mounting of suspension arms
- B60G2204/148—Mounting of suspension arms on the unsprung part of the vehicle, e.g. wheel knuckle or rigid axle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2800/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of movement or to the condition of the vehicle and to the end result to be achieved by the control action
- B60G2800/16—Running
- B60G2800/162—Reducing road induced vibrations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
- B60G2800/00—Indexing codes relating to the type of movement or to the condition of the vehicle and to the end result to be achieved by the control action
- B60G2800/20—Stationary vehicle
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an independent suspension system of a trailer, which comprises an axle, a torsion bar spring, a swing arm, a bidirectional cylinder type shock absorber, a reverse flexible limiting device and a truncated cone spiral spring. The metal torsion bar spring is selected as a damping element, the composite truncated cone scroll spring is used as a limiting device, the matched bidirectional cylinder type damper is used as an auxiliary damping element, the reverse flexible limiting device which uses a steel wire rope as an elastic connecting piece is overlapped, and after integral matching, the smoothness and the reliability of a suspension system can be greatly improved, so that the integral use efficiency of a trailer is improved, and the requirements of off-road running and highway running are met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle suspensions, and particularly relates to a trailer independent suspension system capable of improving the overall use efficiency of a trailer.
Background
The trailer is a wheeled vehicle which is unpowered and runs under traction of an automobile, and is matched with vehicle equipment to form an effective transportation and maneuvering platform, so that the trailer is widely used for carrying out material transportation, equipment carrying and the like. The capacity can be multiplied on the premise of not increasing tractors and drivers, the troops can be guaranteed to be combined in peacetime and war, quick response, continuous combat, global motorized transportation and combat guarantee tasks are performed, and the delivery capacity, continuous combat, combat conversion capacity and comprehensive guarantee combat capacity of the troops are improved.
The suspension system is one of the important components of the vehicle, and is used for elastically connecting a frame (a vehicle body) with wheels, buffering the impact force transmitted to the frame by uneven ground, directly influencing the performance of the whole vehicle, and having decisive influence and restriction on the mobility and the running stability of the cross-country vehicle, wherein the advantages and disadvantages of the suspension system influence the safe and reliable transportation of cargoes, and directly influence the highest speed, the stability, the safety and other performances of the cross-country vehicle and the service life of the running system.
The elastic element is a key component of the suspension system, and the selection and matching of the elastic element are directly related to the smooth performance and the stable operation performance of the suspension. The smoothness and the stability of the trailer are critical to the overall mobility of the trailer, the two are closely related and mutually restricted, the stability of the trailer needs the rigid suspension characteristic, and the smoothness needs the lower flexible suspension to adapt.
In the prior art, the elastic elements in the suspension system are various, such as leaf springs, coil springs, torsion bar springs, gas springs, rubber springs, torsion plate springs and the like, have various structures, have advantages and disadvantages, and are applied to respective fields according to different objects of use. The independent suspension and the dependent suspension are both provided, and the structural characteristic of the dependent suspension system is that wheels on two sides are connected by an integral axle, and the wheels and the axle are suspended below a frame or a vehicle body through an elastic suspension system. The non-independent suspension system has the advantages of simple structure and low cost, but the left wheel and the right wheel are mutually connected when bouncing, the smoothness and the operation stability are relatively poor, and the independent suspension is preferably used for military or off-road trailers. Because of the characteristics, the metal torsion bar spring or the metal torsion plate spring is adopted, so that the reliability is high and the maintenance is free.
The traditional metal torsion bar suspension generally has two arrangement forms, one is that two metal torsion bar springs are transversely arranged along the vehicle width direction, the metal torsion bar springs are in a two-shaft concentric opposite-top arrangement form, and are influenced by factors such as vehicle width, wheel track and the like, the effective length of the torsion bar is short, and the maximum advantage of the metal torsion bar is difficult to be exerted. The other is that two metal torsion bar springs are arranged along the length direction of the vehicle and are influenced by the length of the vehicle frame, the approach angle and the departure angle, the limited length of the metal torsion bar is increased limited, a transverse swing arm mode is adopted, the structure is complex, the cost is high, the reliability is reduced, the tire is not only displaced up and down, but also displaced left and right in the jumping process, and the tracking performance is slightly poor.
Disclosure of Invention
First, the technical problem to be solved
The invention provides an independent suspension system of a trailer, which aims to solve the technical problem of how to improve the overall use efficiency of the trailer.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a trailer independent suspension system, which comprises an axle, left and right torsion bar springs, left and right swing arms, a bidirectional cylinder type shock absorber, a reverse flexible limiting device and a truncated cone scroll spring; wherein,
The axle is connected into a whole by an axle framework, left and right connecting supports and left and right torsion bar spring brackets; the left and right connecting supports are respectively fixed on the left and right sides of the axle framework, and the axle is connected with the frame through the left and right connecting supports; the left torsion bar spring bracket and the right torsion bar spring bracket are respectively arranged at two ends in the axle framework, one end of each torsion bar spring bracket is used as a fixed end of a torsion bar spring, and the other end of each torsion bar spring bracket is used for being connected with a rotating shaft end of the swing arm;
The left torsion bar spring and the right torsion bar spring are arranged in parallel front and back along the advancing direction of the vehicle in the axle, and the fixed end of each torsion bar spring is connected with the fixed end of the corresponding torsion bar spring bracket and is axially fixed; the rotating end of each torsion bar spring extends out of the axle framework through the inner hole of the rotating shaft of the swing arm and then is connected with the rotating shaft end of the corresponding swing arm;
The left swing arm and the right swing arm are Z-shaped, and the lengths of the swing arms are different; one end of the swing arm is a rotating shaft end, and the rotating shaft end is fixedly connected with the rotating end of the corresponding torsion bar spring to realize the connection with the axle; the other end of the swing arm is a tire shaft and is used for being connected with a brake, a brake drum, a hub and a wheel; the swing arm is provided with a shock absorber bracket and a reverse flexible limiting device bracket which are respectively connected with the bidirectional cylinder shock absorber and the reverse flexible limiting device;
The lower ends of the two bidirectional cylinder type shock absorbers and the two reverse flexible limiting devices are respectively connected with the shock absorber brackets and the reverse flexible limiting device brackets on the two swing arms, and the upper ends of the two bidirectional cylinder type shock absorbers and the two reverse flexible limiting device brackets are respectively connected with the shock absorber supports and the reverse flexible limiting device supports on the left and right connecting supports;
two truncated cone spiral springs are respectively arranged on the left and right connecting supports.
Further, when each torsion bar spring bracket is connected with the corresponding swing arm rotating shaft end, a sealing plug, an inner needle bearing, a supporting sleeve, a double-row needle bearing, an oil seal and an oil seal cover are arranged in each torsion bar spring bracket; the sealing plug is arranged on the inner side of the torsion bar spring bracket and plays roles in axial positioning and sealing; the outer side of the sealing plug is sequentially provided with an inner needle roller bearing, a supporting sleeve and a double-row needle roller bearing, wherein the inner needle roller bearing and the double-row needle roller bearing are used for supporting a rotating shaft of the swing arm, bear load and reduce the rotation friction coefficient, and are axially positioned through the supporting sleeve; an oil seal and an oil seal cover are arranged on the outer side of the double-row needle bearing.
Further, the cross section of the left torsion bar spring and the right torsion bar spring is circular, both ends are in spline form, the fixed end of each torsion bar spring is in spline connection with the fixed end of the corresponding torsion bar spring bracket, and is axially fixed through a fastening bolt, a gasket and a round nut, and the fixed end sealing gasket and the end cover are fixed at the ends by the outside through the fixed end bolt, so that the sealing effect is achieved; the rotating end spline of each torsion bar spring is connected with the internal spline of the rotating shaft end of the corresponding swing arm after extending out of the axle framework through the inner hole of the rotating shaft of the swing arm, and the rotating end sealing gasket and the blocking cover are fixed on the swing arm through the rotating end bolt to play a role in axial sealing; the fastening bolt and the stop pad are connected with the internal threads of the rotating end of each torsion bar spring, so that the axial fixing effect on the swing arm is achieved.
Further, the left swing arm and the right swing arm are longitudinal swing arms, and the length of the left swing arm is longer than that of the right swing arm.
Further, the section of the rotating shaft end of the swing arm is of a spline structure, the rotating shaft end is respectively and radially connected and fixed with the rotating end of the corresponding torsion bar spring through an inner needle bearing and a double-row needle bearing, and is axially connected and fixed through a fastening bolt and a stop pad, so that the connection with an axle is realized.
Further, a sealing plug is arranged on the inner side of the rotating shaft end, an oil seal is arranged on the outer side of the rotating shaft end, and an oil filling hole and an exhaust hole are formed in an axle of the middle part of the two groups of needle bearings and are plugged through plugging bolts.
Further, the front end of the rotating shaft end of each swing arm is provided with an annular groove, after the swing arm is inserted into an axle and the components such as connection seal and the like are assembled together, the safety pin is screwed into the torsion bar spring bracket from the outer side of the axle through the threaded hole, and the end part of the safety pin penetrates into the annular groove of the corresponding swing arm to play a role in axial safety limit.
Further, the energy storage ratio per unit mass of the metal torsion bar spring is 250-380 N.m/kg.
(III) beneficial effects
The invention provides an independent suspension system of a trailer, which comprises an axle, a torsion bar spring, a swing arm, a bidirectional cylinder type shock absorber, a reverse flexible limiting device and a truncated cone spiral spring. The metal torsion bar spring is selected as a damping element, the composite truncated cone scroll spring is used as a limiting device, the matched bidirectional cylinder type damper is used as an auxiliary damping element, the reverse flexible limiting device which uses a steel wire rope as an elastic connecting piece is overlapped, and after integral matching, the smoothness and the reliability of a suspension system can be greatly improved, so that the integral use efficiency of a trailer is improved, and the requirements of off-road running and highway running are met.
The beneficial effects of the invention include the following aspects:
1. The invention is provided with two independent metal torsion bar springs which are arranged in parallel front and back, so that a larger dynamic travel is easy to obtain, and the probability of breakdown of the suspension is reduced; the longitudinal swing arms are adopted, the lengths of the swing arms are unequal, so that the tire shafts of the vehicle are concentric, the motion postures of the whole vehicle are consistent, wheels on each side are independently connected with torsion bar springs through the swing arms, the left and right wheels are independently jumped and mutually incoherent, and the inclination and vibration of the vehicle body can be reduced. When the vehicle runs on uneven road, all wheels can be guaranteed to be in good contact with the road surface, so that traction force is improved, and steering stability is facilitated.
2. The compound truncated cone scroll spring is used as a limiting device, and can fully absorb acting force when the torsion bar breaks down upwards during running off-road, so that the influence of rigid impact on a frame is avoided, and the break down of a suspension is avoided.
3. The matched bidirectional cylinder type shock absorber is used as an auxiliary shock absorbing element, so that wave crests and wave troughs in the vibration process can be eliminated, and smoothness is effectively improved.
4. The reverse flexible limiting device is overlapped, reverse over-torsion is avoided, reliability is improved, partial energy is absorbed, and impact on the ground when the wheels fall to the ground is reduced.
5. The design of the axle and the suspension is integrated, and the axle which is not connected with the left wheel and the right wheel not only lightens unsprung mass, but also increases the minimum ground clearance.
6. By adopting the longitudinal swing arm, only up-and-down displacement is generated when the tire jumps, left-and-right displacement is not generated, and the tire tracking device has good tracking performance.
7. The needle bearing is adopted between the swing arm and the axle as a connecting piece, so that the radial structure is compact, and the load bearing capacity is strong.
8. The oil seals are arranged at the two ends of the rotating part, the oil filling hole and the exhaust hole are arranged in the middle of the rotating part, so that the reliability is high, and the maintenance is convenient;
9. The front end of the swing arm is provided with an annular groove, and the safety pin is matched with the annular groove to play a role in axial safety limit, prevent the swing arm from moving axially and improve reliability and safety.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a trailer independent suspension system according to an embodiment of the present invention: (a) a top cross-sectional view, (b) a left view, (c) a right view;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of the right swing arm joint of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the joint of the left swing arm in fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. axle, 2, right torsion bar spring, 3, left torsion bar spring, 4, left swing arm, 5, right swing arm, 6, bi-directional cartridge shock absorber, 7, reverse flex stop, 8, truncated cone spiral spring, 9, left torsion bar spring bracket, 10, right connection bracket, 11, fastening bolt, 12, washer, 13, round nut, 14, fixed end gasket, 15, end cap, 16, fixed end bolt, 17, plug, 18, rotating end gasket, 19, stop pad, 20, rotating end bolt, 21, oil seal, 22, oil seal, 23, double row needle bearing, 24, support sleeve, 25, inner needle bearing, 26, sealing plug, 27, left connection bracket, 28, right torsion bar spring bracket, 29, safety pin, 30, plug bolt, 31.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, contents and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description of the present invention will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
The embodiment provides a trailer independent suspension system, the structure of which is shown in figures 1-3, and mainly comprises an axle 1, a right torsion bar spring 2, a left torsion bar spring 3, a left swing arm 4, a right swing arm 5, a bidirectional cylinder type shock absorber 6, a reverse flexible limiting device 7 and a truncated cone scroll spring 8.
The axle 1 and the suspension mechanism are of an integrated design. The axle 1 is integrally connected by an axle frame 31, a left connecting bracket 27, a right connecting bracket 10, a left torsion bar spring bracket 9, and a right torsion bar spring bracket 28. Wherein, left side connection support 27 and right connection support 10 are fixed respectively in the left and right sides of axletree skeleton 31, and axletree 1 is connected with the frame through left side connection support 27 and right connection support 10. The left torsion bar spring bracket 9 and the right torsion bar spring bracket 28 are respectively mounted at both ends in the axle frame 31. One end of each torsion bar spring bracket is used as a fixed end of the torsion bar spring, and the other end of each torsion bar spring bracket is connected with the rotating shaft end of the swing arm.
When each torsion bar spring bracket is connected with the corresponding swing arm rotating shaft end, a sealing plug 26, an inner needle bearing 25, a supporting sleeve 24, a double-row needle bearing 23, an oil seal 22 and an oil seal cover 21 are sequentially arranged inside the torsion bar spring bracket. Wherein, sealing plug 26 is installed in torsion bar spring bracket inboard, plays axial positioning and sealed effect, prevents the grease from measuring the outflow from the interior. An inner needle bearing 25, a supporting sleeve 24 and a double-row needle bearing 23 are sequentially arranged on the outer side of the sealing plug 26. The inner needle bearing 25 and the double-row needle bearing 23 are used for supporting the swing arm rotating shaft, bearing load and reducing the rotation friction coefficient; the inner needle bearing 25 and the double-row needle bearing 23 are axially positioned by a supporting sleeve 24; an oil seal 22 and an oil seal cover 21 are installed on the outer side of the double row needle bearing 23 for sealing dust prevention and preventing grease from flowing out from the outside.
The left torsion bar spring 3 and the right torsion bar spring 2 serving as main damping elements are circular in cross section, have diameters matched with parameters such as sprung mass and the like, are in spline forms at two ends, are arranged in parallel front and back along the vehicle advancing direction in the axle 1, and have the same radial center height. Through the front-back parallel arrangement, the effective length of the torsion bar spring is increased, larger dynamic travel is easy to obtain, the performance of the suspension is optimized, and the probability of breakdown of the suspension is reduced.
The fixed end of each torsion bar spring is in spline connection with the fixed end of the corresponding torsion bar spring bracket, and is axially fixed through a fastening bolt 11, a gasket 12 and a round nut 13, and a fixed end sealing gasket 14 and an end cover 15 are fixed at the end part by adopting a fixed end bolt 16 to play a role in sealing.
The rotating end spline of each torsion bar spring passes through the rotating shaft inner hole of the swing arm and is connected with the rotating shaft end internal spline of the corresponding swing arm after extending out of the axle framework 31. The rotary end sealing gasket 18 and the blanking cover 17 are fixed on the swing arm through the rotary end bolt 20, so that an axial sealing effect is achieved; the fastening bolt 11 and the stop pad 19 are connected with the internal threads of the rotating end of each torsion bar spring, and play a role in axially fixing the swing arm.
The left swing arm 4 and the right swing arm 5 are Z-shaped, and the length of the left swing arm 4 is longer than that of the right swing arm 5. Through adopting vertical swing arm, and swing arm length is not isometric, only produce the displacement from top to bottom when can making the tire beat, do not produce the displacement from side to side, ensure that vehicle left and right sides tire axle is concentric, and whole car motion gesture is unanimous, has good tracking performance.
One end of the swing arm is a rotating shaft end, and the section of the rotating shaft end is of a spline structure. The rotating shaft ends are respectively and radially connected and fixed with the rotating ends of the corresponding torsion bar springs through the inner needle bearings 25 and the double-row needle bearings 23, and are axially connected and fixed through the fastening bolts 11 and the stop pads 19, so that the connection with the axle 1 is realized. By adopting the needle bearing as a structure for supporting the rotating part, the whole radial structure is compact, and the load bearing capacity is strong. The inner side of the rotating shaft end is provided with a sealing plug 26, the outer side of the rotating shaft end is provided with an oil seal 22, and the axle 1 at the middle part of the two groups of needle bearings is provided with an oil filling hole and an exhaust hole and is plugged by plugging bolts 30, so that the reliability can be improved, and the maintenance is convenient. After the plugging bolt 30 is taken down, lubricating grease can be filled for lubrication of the needle bearing, and friction coefficient of the swing arm during rotation is reduced. The front end of the rotating shaft end of each swing arm is provided with an annular groove, after the swing arm is inserted into an axle and the components such as connection and sealing are assembled together, the safety pin 29 is screwed into the torsion bar spring bracket from the outer side of the axle through the threaded hole, the end part of the safety pin penetrates into the annular groove of the corresponding swing arm, the axial safety limiting effect can be achieved, the axial movement of the swing arm is prevented, and the reliability and the safety are improved.
The other end of the swing arm is a tire shaft which is used for being connected with a brake, a brake drum, a hub, a wheel and the like. The two swing arms are respectively provided with a shock absorber bracket and a reverse flexible limiting device bracket which are respectively used for being connected with the lower parts of the bidirectional cylinder shock absorber 6 and the reverse flexible limiting device 7.
The lower ends of the two bidirectional cylinder type shock absorbers 6 and the two reverse flexible limiting devices 7 are respectively connected with shock absorber supports and reverse flexible limiting device supports on the two swing arms, and the upper ends of the two bidirectional cylinder type shock absorbers 6 and the two reverse flexible limiting device supports are respectively connected with shock absorber supports and reverse flexible limiting device supports on the right connecting support 10 and the left connecting support 27. The compression resistance and the restoring resistance of the bidirectional cylinder damper 6 and the reverse flexible limiting device 7 are matched with the torsion bar characteristic curve. The reverse flexible limiting device 7 is a flexible device, can be deformed by upward rotation along with the swing arm, and can be stretched by downward rotation, so as to prevent the metal torsion bar spring from being reversely twisted.
The two truncated cone spiral springs 8 are respectively arranged on the right connecting support 10 and the left connecting support 27, and the spring characteristic curve and the stiffness curve graph are matched with the use requirement after being compounded with the torsion bar characteristic curve.
The working principle of the trailer independent suspension system of the invention is as follows: when the vehicle runs, the wheels on each side are respectively connected with the torsion bar through the swing arms, and the wheels on one side drive the swing arms to transmit impact load and torque to the metal torsion bar spring through the jolt caused by uneven roads, the metal torsion bar spring independently twists by taking the fixed end of the torsion bar spring bracket as a fulcrum, so that the impact load and the shock are relieved, the torque is not transmitted to the other side, the left and right wheels are respectively jumped and mutually incoherent, the inclination and the shock of the vehicle body can be reduced, and the ground pasting performance of a trailer adopting the suspension system is better. In the rotation process of the swing arm, along with the change of the rotation moment and the movement stroke, the upper end surface of the swing arm can be contacted with the truncated cone scroll spring to push the truncated cone scroll spring to compress, namely, absorb energy and prevent the suspension from breaking down. In the swing arm rotation process, the bidirectional cylinder type shock absorber is doing work all the time, wave crests and wave troughs in the vibration process are eliminated, smoothness is improved, and comfort is improved. If the limit condition that the tire leaves the ground appears in the driving process, firstly, because the action of the bidirectional cylinder type shock absorber, the torsion bar suspension can not select reverse torsion, secondly, the reverse flexible limiting device can act, the torsion bar and the bidirectional cylinder type shock absorber are protected, the torsion bar spring always works in an effective working range, the reliability is improved, and meanwhile, the impact on the ground when the wheels fall to the ground is reduced.
According to the trailer independent suspension system, the metal torsion bar spring is selected as a main damping element, the energy storage ratio per unit mass is 254-380 nm/kg, which is more than 3 times of that of a steel plate spring, and the 1.5 times of that of a spiral spring is used for optimizing suspension parameters through a composite truncated cone scroll spring and a matched bidirectional cylinder type shock absorber, so that the suspension smoothness and the stability performance can be effectively balanced, and the bearing requirements of two working conditions of off-road full load and road full load after refitting are met; through adding reverse flexible stop device and safety pin, can effectively improve suspension reliability. Due to the adoption of the axle and suspension integrated structure, unsprung mass can be reduced, the mass center of the whole vehicle is low, the roll angle is small, the steering stability and the control stability are good, and the use requirement can be completely met.
In the invention, the suspension system adopting two metal torsion bar springs is characterized in that the two metal torsion bar springs are arranged in parallel front and back, so that the effective length of the metal torsion bar springs is increased by 1.2 times compared with the concentric opposite-top arrangement of two shafts, and indexes such as natural frequency, dynamic travel and the like are improved. In order to solve the problem of non-concentricity of the tire shaft caused by front-rear parallel arrangement of torsion bar springs, the characteristics of a metal torsion bar suspension are utilized, a longitudinal swing arm is adopted, the lengths of a left swing arm and a right swing arm are different, the diameters of the left torsion bar and the right torsion bar are adapted to the lengths of the swing arms, and the two torsion bar characteristic curves are overlapped, so that the center of the tire of a trailer is coaxial, and the static load and the motion gesture of the trailer are consistent.
The wheels on each side are independently connected with the torsion bar spring through the swing arms, and the metal torsion bar spring is independently twisted by taking the fixed end of the torsion bar spring bracket as a fulcrum, so that impact load and vibration are relieved, torque can not be transmitted to the other side, the left and right wheels are independently jumped and mutually incoherent, the inclination and vibration of a vehicle body can be reduced, and the ground attachment performance of a trailer is better. Because the design of the axle and the suspension is integrated into a whole, the axle which is not connected with the left wheel and the right wheel not only lightens the unsprung mass, but also increases the minimum ground clearance.
The composite truncated cone spiral spring is used as a limiting device, so that acting force generated when the torsion bar breaks down upwards is fully absorbed during off-road running, and the influence of rigid impact on a frame is avoided. By matching the bidirectional cylinder type shock absorber as an auxiliary shock absorbing element, wave crests and wave troughs in the vibration process can be eliminated, and smoothness is effectively improved. Through the superposition of the reverse flexible limiting device, reverse over-torsion can be avoided, the reliability is improved, part of energy is absorbed, and the impact on the ground when the wheels fall to the ground is reduced. Through optimizing and matching design parameters, the vehicle is subjected to simulation analysis under a random comprehensive road spectrum, so that the stability of the operation of the trailer is ensured, the smoothness of a suspension system is also met, and meanwhile, the reliability is improved, so that the overall use efficiency of the trailer is improved, the requirements of the cross-country maneuverability, safety, smoothness and stability of the trailer are met, and the vehicle is suitable for the cross-country running and highway running requirements.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and variations could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and such modifications and variations should also be regarded as being within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The independent suspension system of the trailer is characterized by comprising an axle, left and right torsion bar springs, left and right swing arms, a bidirectional cylinder type shock absorber, a reverse flexible limiting device and a truncated cone scroll spring; wherein,
The axle is connected into a whole by an axle framework, left and right connecting supports and left and right torsion bar spring brackets; the left and right connecting supports are respectively fixed on the left and right sides of the axle framework, and the axle is connected with the frame through the left and right connecting supports; the left torsion bar spring bracket and the right torsion bar spring bracket are respectively arranged at two ends in the axle framework, one end of each torsion bar spring bracket is used as a fixed end of a torsion bar spring, and the other end of each torsion bar spring bracket is used for being connected with a rotating shaft end of the swing arm;
The left torsion bar spring and the right torsion bar spring are arranged in parallel front and back along the advancing direction of the vehicle in the axle, and the fixed end of each torsion bar spring is connected with the fixed end of the corresponding torsion bar spring bracket and is axially fixed; the rotating end of each torsion bar spring extends out of the axle framework through the inner hole of the rotating shaft of the swing arm and then is connected with the rotating shaft end of the corresponding swing arm;
The left swing arm and the right swing arm are Z-shaped, and the lengths of the swing arms are different; one end of the swing arm is a rotating shaft end, and the rotating shaft end is fixedly connected with the rotating end of the corresponding torsion bar spring to realize the connection with the axle; the other end of the swing arm is a tire shaft and is used for being connected with a brake, a brake drum, a hub and a wheel; the swing arm is provided with a shock absorber bracket and a reverse flexible limiting device bracket which are respectively connected with the bidirectional cylinder shock absorber and the reverse flexible limiting device; the section of the rotating shaft end of the swing arm is of a spline structure, the rotating shaft end is respectively and radially connected and fixed with the rotating end of the corresponding torsion bar spring through an inner needle bearing and a double-row needle bearing, and is axially connected and fixed through a fastening bolt and a stop pad, so that the connection with an axle is realized; the inner side of the rotating shaft end is provided with a sealing plug, the outer side of the rotating shaft end is provided with an oil seal, and the axle in the middle part of the two groups of needle bearings is provided with an oil filling hole and an exhaust hole and is blocked by a blocking bolt;
The lower ends of the two bidirectional cylinder type shock absorbers and the two reverse flexible limiting devices are respectively connected with the shock absorber brackets and the reverse flexible limiting device brackets on the two swing arms, and the upper ends of the two bidirectional cylinder type shock absorbers and the two reverse flexible limiting device brackets are respectively connected with the shock absorber supports and the reverse flexible limiting device supports on the left and right connecting supports;
two truncated cone spiral springs are respectively arranged on the left and right connecting supports.
2. The independent suspension system of the trailer of claim 1, wherein each torsion bar spring bracket, when connected with the corresponding swing arm shaft end, internally installs a sealing plug, an inner needle bearing, a support sleeve, a double row needle bearing, an oil seal and an oil seal cover; the sealing plug is arranged on the inner side of the torsion bar spring bracket and plays roles in axial positioning and sealing; the outer side of the sealing plug is sequentially provided with an inner needle roller bearing, a supporting sleeve and a double-row needle roller bearing, wherein the inner needle roller bearing and the double-row needle roller bearing are used for supporting a rotating shaft of the swing arm, bear load and reduce the rotation friction coefficient, and are axially positioned through the supporting sleeve; an oil seal and an oil seal cover are arranged on the outer side of the double-row needle bearing.
3. The independent suspension system of the trailer of claim 1, wherein the cross section of the left torsion bar spring and the right torsion bar spring is circular, both ends are in spline form, the fixed end of each torsion bar spring is in spline connection with the fixed end of the corresponding torsion bar spring bracket and is axially fixed through a fastening bolt, a gasket and a round nut, and the fixed end sealing gasket and the end cover are fixed at the ends by the outside through the fixed end bolt to play a role of sealing; the rotating end spline of each torsion bar spring is connected with the internal spline of the rotating shaft end of the corresponding swing arm after extending out of the axle framework through the inner hole of the rotating shaft of the swing arm, and the rotating end sealing gasket and the blocking cover are fixed on the swing arm through the rotating end bolt to play a role in axial sealing; the fastening bolt and the stop pad are connected with the internal threads of the rotating end of each torsion bar spring, so that the axial fixing effect on the swing arm is achieved.
4. The independent suspension system of the trailer of claim 1, wherein the left and right swing arms each employ a longitudinal swing arm, and the length of the left swing arm is greater than the length of the right swing arm.
5. The independent suspension system of the trailer of claim 1, wherein the front end of the rotating shaft end of each swing arm is provided with an annular groove, after the swing arms are inserted into the axle and the components such as the connecting seal are assembled together, the safety pin is screwed into the torsion bar spring bracket from the outer side of the axle through the threaded hole, and the end part of the safety pin penetrates into the annular groove of the corresponding swing arm to play a role of axial safety limit.
6. The trailer independent suspension system of claim 1, wherein the metal torsion bar spring has a mass storage ratio of 250 to 380N-m/kg.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010743712.8A CN111716975B (en) | 2020-07-29 | 2020-07-29 | Independent suspension system of trailer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010743712.8A CN111716975B (en) | 2020-07-29 | 2020-07-29 | Independent suspension system of trailer |
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| CN111716975B true CN111716975B (en) | 2024-05-14 |
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| CN201287600Y (en) * | 2008-10-24 | 2009-08-12 | 北京北方车辆集团有限公司 | Trailer hanging device |
| CN201544746U (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2010-08-11 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Rear-axle driving dependent suspension of automobile |
| CN206336078U (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-07-18 | 北京汽车研究总院有限公司 | A kind of wishbone-type independent suspension and automobile with torsion-bar spring |
| CN107984998A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-05-04 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Independent suspension front axle assembly for commercial vehicle |
| CN110315920A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-10-11 | 成都九鼎科技(集团)有限公司 | A kind of double yoke independent suspensions of wheel rim driven motor vehicle torsion-bar spring |
| CN212604343U (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2021-02-26 | 北京北方车辆集团有限公司 | Independent suspension system of trailer |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6851691B2 (en) * | 2000-08-22 | 2005-02-08 | Bombardier Recreational Products Inc. | Suspension system for an all terrain vehicle |
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2020
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201287600Y (en) * | 2008-10-24 | 2009-08-12 | 北京北方车辆集团有限公司 | Trailer hanging device |
| CN201544746U (en) * | 2009-10-29 | 2010-08-11 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Rear-axle driving dependent suspension of automobile |
| CN206336078U (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-07-18 | 北京汽车研究总院有限公司 | A kind of wishbone-type independent suspension and automobile with torsion-bar spring |
| CN107984998A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-05-04 | 东风商用车有限公司 | Independent suspension front axle assembly for commercial vehicle |
| CN110315920A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-10-11 | 成都九鼎科技(集团)有限公司 | A kind of double yoke independent suspensions of wheel rim driven motor vehicle torsion-bar spring |
| CN212604343U (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2021-02-26 | 北京北方车辆集团有限公司 | Independent suspension system of trailer |
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