CN111715858A - Production method for realizing low-superheat-degree continuous casting - Google Patents
Production method for realizing low-superheat-degree continuous casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN111715858A CN111715858A CN202010611168.1A CN202010611168A CN111715858A CN 111715858 A CN111715858 A CN 111715858A CN 202010611168 A CN202010611168 A CN 202010611168A CN 111715858 A CN111715858 A CN 111715858A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/112—Treating the molten metal by accelerated cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/108—Feeding additives, powders, or the like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
- B22D11/181—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level
- B22D11/182—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level by measuring temperature
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of steelmaking continuous casting, and particularly relates to a production method for realizing low-superheat-degree continuous casting. The molten steel is subjected to clean smelting, casting by a tundish and a continuous casting machine, a cold steel wire is added into the tundish to cool, the superheat degree of the molten steel is stably controlled to be 5-15 ℃, the low-power C-class qualification rate of the obtained continuous casting billet reaches more than 80%, the isometric crystal area is expanded to 30-60%, and the columnar crystal area is reduced to below 70%. The invention solves the problem of large change of the casting superheat degree between furnaces caused by factors such as unstable molten steel production rhythm, fluctuation of casting temperature and the like in the traditional process, realizes stable low superheat degree casting, ensures the stability of continuous casting drawing speed, and has obvious effects of improving the low power quality of continuous casting billets, reducing the central segregation of the continuous casting billets in the thickness direction and enlarging the isometric crystal proportion of the continuous casting billets, particularly improving the low power structure of ultra-thick continuous casting billets above 300 mm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steelmaking continuous casting, and particularly relates to a production method for realizing low-superheat-degree continuous casting.
Background
The low-power quality of the continuous casting slab is one of the most critical factors for determining the flaw detection quality and the performance uniformity of the rolled steel plate. Particularly, the continuous casting slab of the extra-thick slab is easy to generate macro defects such as thick columnar crystals, center segregation, aggregation of core inclusions and the like, and the subsequent heating, rolling and other processes of the defects are difficult to eliminate, so that the flaw detection quality, Z-direction performance and uniformity of the performance in the thickness direction of the steel plate are greatly influenced. Meanwhile, the higher the content of the alloy elements is, the thicker the thickness of the continuously cast steel billet is, the poorer the low-power quality of the continuously cast billet is, and the greater the influence on the service performance of the finished steel plate is.
At present, the main measures for realizing the low superheat degree continuous casting at home are technologies such as continuous casting billet soft reduction, electromagnetic stirring and the like, the technologies all have certain effects on improving the low-power quality, but the effects on the ultra-thick continuous casting billet with the thickness of more than 300mm are not obvious, and the technical development and the large-scale application of the ultra-thick plate produced by the continuous casting billet are limited.
In the industrial production practice, the low superheat degree pouring has obvious effect on improving the low-time quality of the continuous casting billet, but the problems of ladle nozzle blockage, drainage, slag discharging, continuous casting billet pulling speed reduction and the like are easily caused by improper control because the steel-making low superheat degree pouring has extremely high control requirements on the operation level and the production rhythm, and the large-scale popularization in the industrial production is difficult. At present, in order to ensure the stability and safety of production, the superheat degree of the continuous casting molten steel can only be controlled between 15 ℃ and 30 ℃, and the superheat degree is difficult to further reduce.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a continuous casting billet manufacturing method which can stably and reliably reduce the superheat degree of a continuous casting billet, realize low superheat degree pouring, improve the low-power quality of the continuous casting billet, reduce the center segregation of the continuous casting billet in the thickness direction and enlarge the isometric crystal proportion of the continuous casting billet.
The invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a production method for realizing low superheat continuous casting comprises the steps of carrying out clean smelting on molten steel, casting by using a tundish and a continuous casting machine, adding a cold steel wire into the tundish to cool, stably controlling the superheat degree of the molten steel to be between 5 and 15 ℃, and obtaining a continuous casting billet with the low-power C-class qualification rate of more than 80 percent, wherein an isometric crystal area is expanded to 30 to 60 percent, and a columnar crystal area is reduced to below 70 percent.
Further, the adding amount of the steel wire is controlled by adding 0.6-0.8kg/t of cold steel wire when the superheat degree is reduced by 1 ℃, the feeding speed is carried out according to 0-3m/s, and the specific feeding speed is calculated according to the following public indication:
wherein W is the wire feeding speed of the steel wire of the tundish in kg/min, and Q is the pouring speed of the molten steel of the continuous casting billet in t/min; t is the initial temperature from the molten steel to the tundish, and the unit is; t is0Setting a pouring temperature for molten steel, wherein the unit is; cpThe specific heat capacity of molten steel in a melting state is J/(g.K), the numerical value is generally 0.80-0.85, which is determined according to the steel type to be produced, and RpThe melting heat of the cold steel is expressed in J/(g.K), and the value is generally between 1100 and 1300, and is determined by the chemical composition of the fed cold steel wire.
Further, the diameter of the steel wire is phi 6-12mm, and the composition requirement is as follows: c is less than or equal to 0.25 percent, Si is less than or equal to 0.40 percent, P is less than or equal to 0.025 percent, S is less than or equal to 0.010 percent, Als is more than or equal to 0.015 percent, the content of each residual element does not exceed the national standard requirement, and the grade of inclusions is less than or equal to 2.0.
The steel wire adding position is positioned near a pouring long nozzle of a tundish and in an impact area of ladle pouring molten steel, so that the steel wire can be rapidly melted and flowed, and the wire feeding is strictly forbidden at the edge of the tundish; in the wire feeding process, the steel wire is cut into the liquid level of the molten steel in the tundish at an angle of 60-90 degrees, so that excessive steel slag is prevented from being involved in the molten steel.
The initial temperature of molten steel to the tundish is 1540-1560 ℃, the first furnace is carried out according to the normal casting temperature, the steel wire is not added for cooling, the steel wire is stopped to be added 1-3 minutes before the steel ladle is changed for the rest of furnaces and in the steel ladle changing period, and the steel wire is normally added for cooling in the casting period.
The capacity of the tundish is more than 30 tons, and the depth is more than 0.6 m.
And when various alloy components are matched in the LF refining link, controlling according to the upper limit of the target components.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in a continuous casting tundish, a steel wire feeding machine is adopted, the feeding speed of a steel wire can be timely and automatically adjusted by the feeding machine according to the factors such as the temperature of molten steel, the pouring speed, the pouring stage and the like, the superheat degree of molten steel pouring is stably controlled to be 5-15 ℃ by utilizing the heat absorption of molten cold steel, the method of controlling the superheat degree of pouring by controlling the temperature of molten steel in a steel ladle in the traditional process is replaced, the problem of large change of the superheat degree of pouring between furnaces caused by factors such as unstable rhythm of steel ladle smelting production and fluctuation of pouring temperature is solved, but also avoids the problems of water gap blockage and frequent drainage caused by lower casting superheat degree in the traditional process, or the problems of serious casting blank center segregation, developed columnar crystals, serious component segregation and poor Z-directional performance after steel plate rolling caused by overhigh superheat degree are solved, and stable control of the superheat degree of continuous casting and pouring close to a solidification point are realized;
the pouring temperature is controlled in a continuous casting tundish, the continuous casting process is carried out according to a normal continuous casting process, the heat in molten steel is reduced due to the reduction of the superheat degree of molten steel pouring, the requirement of cooling water in the cooling process of a continuous casting billet is reduced, the cooling strength is increased, and the low-power quality of the continuous casting billet is improved; meanwhile, due to the addition of the cold steel wires, the crystal nucleus nucleation core of the continuous casting billet during molten steel solidification of the tundish is increased, the proportion of the equiaxed crystal area of the continuous casting billet is improved, and the segregation of the continuous casting billet is reduced;
by adopting the process, the isometric crystal area of the casting blank can be expanded to 30-60%, the columnar crystal area is reduced to below 70%, the problem of center segregation of elements easy to segregate such as Mn, Si, P, S and the like is obviously solved, the center segregation black line of the continuous casting blank basically disappears, the layering phenomenon of a rolled steel plate is greatly reduced, the Z-directional performance of the continuous casting blank is obviously improved, and the three-stage qualification rate of flaw detection reaches above 90%; the effect of improving the quality qualification rate of the extra-thick plate with continuous casting flaw detection and Z-directional performance is obvious;
the steel wire is not fed in the first furnace casting process of the continuous casting billet, after the preheating of the tundish is finished, and the temperature field of the tundish and the drawing speed of the continuous casting billet are stable, cold steel wires are fed in the tundish at a certain speed by adopting a steel wire feeder, the diameter and the feeding speed of the steel wires are controlled, and the capacity and the specification of the tundish are properly limited, so that the phenomenon that the wire feeding speed is too high and the wire cannot be fully melted can be avoided;
the proper steel wire adding position and cutting angle are selected, which is favorable for the rapid melting and flowing of the steel wire and can avoid the steel wire adding process from bringing in slag and other inclusions.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products available commercially.
The production method for realizing the low superheat continuous casting provided in the examples of the present application will be specifically described below.
Example 1
A No. 1 straight arc single-point straightening continuous casting machine of a certain company has a main continuous casting radius of 9m, a tundish capacity of 30 tons and a depth of 0.8 meter, and is not provided with an electromagnetic stirring device and a tail end screw-down device. When the cross section of 250 x 1650mm is adopted for production, the continuous casting drawing speed is 0.75m/min, and the pouring speed of the continuous casting molten steel is 2.37 t/min; when the low-alloy structural steel Q345B is poured, the liquidus temperature of molten steel is 1516 ℃, the initial temperature from the molten steel to a tundish is 1548 ℃, and the pouring temperature is set to 1528 +/-3 ℃.
Adopts a steel wire with the diameter of 10mm, and comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.16% of C, 0.20% of Si, Mn: 0.50 percent of the total weight of the alloy, 0.015 percent of P, 0.005 percent of S, 0.020 percent of Als, less than 0.10 percent of Cr, less than 0.05 percent of Ni, less than 0.05 percent of Mo, less than 0.05 percent of Cu, and less than 70ppm of N.
Feeding wires in a first furnace of continuous casting blank casting, feeding wires in a second furnace of continuous casting blank casting at a wire feeding speed of 31kg/min, wherein the wire feeding position is positioned in a tundish water gap impact area, the initial wire feeding speed is carried out according to 1m/s, the temperature of molten steel in a continuous casting tundish is measured every 3-5 minutes, the measured temperature is fed back to a wire feeding machine, the wire feeding speed is reduced to a steady-state speed of 0.85m/s when the temperature of the molten steel is reduced to 1528 ℃, and the wire feeding speed is further reduced if the molten steel is too low; the temperature control corrects the wire feeding speed in real time according to the measured temperature of the tundish and the temperature control model, and the temperature of the continuous casting tundish molten steel is stably controlled to be 1528 +/-3 ℃.
Stopping wire feeding 1-3 minutes before the pouring of each ladle of molten steel is finished, and rotating the wire feeding machine away from the station; and after the steel ladle is changed and the liquid level of the molten steel of the tundish is stable, continuously feeding the wires, and circularly performing the operation to keep the pouring temperature of the tundish stable.
After the technical measures are adopted, under the conditions of not reforming continuous casting equipment, using electromagnetic stirring and lightly pressing, the standard reaching rate of continuous casting low-power C-type reaches more than 90 percent, the three-level qualification rate of flaw detection of the rolled steel plate reaches more than 98 percent, the phenomena of partial layering and welding layering of the head of the rolled steel plate are greatly reduced, and the economic benefit is obvious.
Example 2
A No. 3 continuous casting machine of a certain company, namely a straight arc continuous casting machine with 420 x 2700mm super-thick section, is provided with an electromagnetic stirring device, a light pressing device and the like, wherein the capacity of a tundish of the continuous casting is 50 tons, and the depth of the tundish of the continuous casting is 1.2 meters. When the cross section of 400 × 2320 is adopted for production, the continuous casting drawing speed is 0.60m/min, the casting flow of continuous casting molten steel is 4.27t/min, when the ordinary carbon structural steel Q235B is cast, the liquidus temperature of the molten steel is 1520 ℃, the initial temperature from the molten steel to a tundish is 1550 ℃, and the casting temperature is set to 1530 +/-3 ℃.
Adopts a steel wire with the diameter of 10mm, and comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.16% of C, 0.20% of Si, Mn: 0.50 percent of the total weight of the alloy, 0.015 percent of P, 0.005 percent of S, 0.020 percent of Als, less than 0.10 percent of Cr, less than 0.05 percent of Ni, less than 0.05 percent of Mo, less than 0.05 percent of Cu, and less than 70ppm of N.
Feeding wires in a first furnace of continuous casting blank casting, feeding wires in a second furnace of continuous casting blank casting, wherein the wire feeding speed is 60-65kg/min, the wire feeding position is positioned in a steel plate water gap impact area, a double-flow wire feeding machine is adopted, the wire feeding is respectively carried out on two sides of a tundish, the initial wire feeding speed is carried out according to 1-1.2m/s, the temperature of continuous casting tundish molten steel is measured every 3-5 minutes, the measured temperature is fed back to the wire feeding machine, the wire feeding speed is reduced to the steady state speed of 0.83m/s when the temperature of the molten steel is reduced to 1530 ℃, and the wire feeding speed is further reduced when the subsequent molten steel is too low; the temperature control corrects the wire feeding speed in real time according to the measured temperature of the tundish and the temperature control model, and controls the temperature of the molten steel of the continuous casting tundish to 1530 +/-3 ℃.
Stopping wire feeding 1-3 minutes before the pouring of each ladle of molten steel is finished, and rotating the wire feeding machine away from the station; and after the steel ladle is changed and the liquid level of the molten steel of the tundish is stable, continuously feeding the wires, and circularly performing the operation to keep the pouring temperature of the tundish stable.
By adopting the process, the problems of poor low-power quality and serious component center segregation of the extra-thick plate blank are solved, the standard reaching rate of the continuous casting blank low-power C class reaches more than 80%, the flaw detection tertiary qualification rate of the extra-thick plate with the thickness of more than 60mm reaches more than 90%, and the economic benefit is remarkable.
Comparative example 1
A No. 1 straight arc single-point straightening continuous casting machine of a certain company has a main continuous casting radius of 9m, a tundish capacity of 30 tons and a depth of 0.8 meter, and is not provided with an electromagnetic stirring device and a tail end screw-down device. The method is characterized in that a 250 x 1650mm section is adopted to produce the low-alloy structural steel Q345B, the continuous casting drawing speed is 0.75m/min, the continuous casting molten steel pouring speed is 2.37t/min, the temperature from the molten steel to a tundish is 1540-1550 ℃ and the tundish has no steel wire cooling measure, the molten steel in the tundish can only be naturally cooled, the molten steel pouring temperature in different furnaces fluctuates around 1530-1550 ℃ and the superheat degree cannot be manually interfered when the temperature is too high; although the method of reducing the continuous casting drawing speed can be adopted, the continuous casting yield and the production stability are influenced.
The obtained continuous casting low-power mass has poor stability, and the proportion of the low-power mass reaching the C-type requirement is below 20 percent; when the low-alloy Q345B/C/D steel plate is poured, the low-power quality is worse, the segregation line of the continuous casting center is obviously visible, the flaw detection qualification rate of the rolled steel plate is lower, the three-stage qualification rate of flaw detection is less than 90%, the phenomena of partial layering of the head of the rolled steel plate and welding layering occur, and the three-stage qualification rate of flaw detection is less than 60% when the rolled steel plate is not subjected to dump cooling, thus seriously influencing the contract performance and the economic benefit.
Comparative example 2
A No. 3 continuous casting machine of a certain company, namely a straight arc continuous casting machine with 420 x 2700mm super-thick section, is provided with an electromagnetic stirring device, a light pressing device and the like, wherein the capacity of a tundish of the continuous casting is 50 tons, and the depth of the tundish of the continuous casting is 1.2 meters. The ordinary carbon structural steel Q235B is produced by adopting a 400 x 2320 section, the continuous casting drawing speed is 0.60m/min, the continuous casting molten steel pouring flow is 4.27t/min, the initial temperature from the molten steel to a tundish is 1540-1560 ℃, the molten steel of the tundish is naturally cooled, the molten steel pouring temperature fluctuates between 1530-1550 ℃ in different furnaces, part of the furnaces with overhigh pouring temperature have to reduce the drawing speed in order to prevent steel leakage and improve the low-power quality, and the drawing speed has influence on the continuous casting yield and the production stability.
The obtained continuous casting billet has thick section and poor continuous casting low-power quality, the continuous casting low-power C ratio is only about 20 percent, the phenomena of continuous casting billet center segregation and component segregation are obvious, particularly the problem of Mn content center segregation is serious, a low-alloy steel plate is smelted, the Mn content of a local area of a core is high by 3 percent, the defects of bainite and the like easily generated in the core are caused, and the flaw detection quality qualification rate is low; the three-stage qualification rate of flaw detection for producing extra-thick plates with the thickness of more than 60mm is only about 60 percent, and the contract performance and economic benefit are seriously influenced.
Finally, the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and other modifications or equivalent substitutions made by the technical solutions of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A production method for realizing low superheat continuous casting is characterized in that a cold steel wire is added into a tundish to cool, the superheat degree of molten steel is stably controlled to be 5-15 ℃, the low-power C-class qualification rate of obtained continuous casting billets reaches over 80%, an isometric crystal area is expanded to 30-60%, and a columnar crystal area is reduced to below 70%.
2. The production method for realizing the continuous casting with the low degree of superheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the addition amount of the steel wire is controlled by adding 0.6-0.8kg/t of cold steel wire for every 1 ℃ reduction of the degree of superheat, the feeding speed is performed according to 0-3m/s, and the specific feeding speed is calculated according to the following disclosure:
wherein W is the wire feeding speed of the steel wire of the tundish in kg/min, and Q is the pouring speed of the molten steel of the continuous casting billet in t/min; t is the initial temperature from the molten steel to the tundish, and the unit is; t is0Setting a pouring temperature for molten steel, wherein the unit is; cpThe specific heat capacity of molten steel in a melting state is J/(g.K), the numerical value is generally 0.80-0.85, which is determined according to the steel type to be produced, and RpThe melting heat of the cold steel is expressed in J/(g.K), and the value is generally between 1100 and 1300, which is determined according to the chemical composition of the feeding steel wire.
3. The production method for realizing the low superheat degree continuous casting according to claim 2, wherein the steel wire has a diameter of phi 6-12mm and the following composition requirements: c is less than or equal to 0.25 percent, Si is less than or equal to 0.40 percent, P is less than or equal to 0.025 percent, S is less than or equal to 0.010 percent, Als is more than or equal to 0.015 percent, the content of each residual element does not exceed the national standard requirement, and the grade of inclusions is less than or equal to 2.0.
4. The production method for realizing the continuous casting with the low superheat degree according to claim 2, wherein the steel wire adding position is positioned near a ladle pouring long nozzle of a continuous casting tundish and in a ladle pouring molten steel impact area, so that the steel wire can be rapidly melted and flowed, and wire feeding is strictly prohibited at the edge of the tundish; in the wire feeding process, the steel wire is cut into the liquid level of the molten steel in the tundish at an angle of 60-90 degrees.
5. The production method for realizing the continuous casting with the low degree of superheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the initial temperature of the molten steel to the tundish is 1540-1560 ℃, the first furnace is carried out at the normal casting temperature, the steel wire is not added for cooling, the steel wire is stopped to be added 1-3 minutes before the ladle change of the other furnaces and during the ladle change, and the steel wire is normally added for cooling during the casting.
6. The production process of realizing continuous casting with low superheat according to claim 1, wherein the tundish capacity is over 30 tons and the depth is over 0.6 m.
7. The production method for realizing continuous casting with low degree of superheat as claimed in claim 1, wherein the LF refining step is controlled according to the upper limit of the target component when various alloy components are mixed.
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| CN113275533A (en) * | 2021-01-23 | 2021-08-20 | 黄红乾 | Automatic control device for pouring temperature of molten steel in continuous casting tundish |
| CN114054697A (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2022-02-18 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Production method of continuous casting billet and steel bar |
| CN114082907A (en) * | 2021-11-20 | 2022-02-25 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for stabilizing tundish temperature in continuous casting process |
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