CN111715270A - Foamed g-C3N4Photocatalytic material, preparation method and application - Google Patents

Foamed g-C3N4Photocatalytic material, preparation method and application Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111715270A
CN111715270A CN202010673137.9A CN202010673137A CN111715270A CN 111715270 A CN111715270 A CN 111715270A CN 202010673137 A CN202010673137 A CN 202010673137A CN 111715270 A CN111715270 A CN 111715270A
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China
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foamed
photocatalytic material
calcination
temperature
urea
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CN202010673137.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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张亚雷
柳丽芬
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Dalian University of Technology
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/24Nitrogen compounds
    • B01J27/25Nitrates
    • B01J35/39
    • B01J35/613
    • B01J35/633
    • B01J35/638
    • B01J35/647
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B21/00Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
    • C01B21/06Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron
    • C01B21/0605Binary compounds of nitrogen with carbon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/01Particle morphology depicted by an image
    • C01P2004/04Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/20Particle morphology extending in two dimensions, e.g. plate-like
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/308Dyes; Colorants; Fluorescent agents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/38Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/10Photocatalysts

Abstract

The invention provides a foamed g-C3N4A photocatalytic material, a preparation method and application, belonging to the technical field of preparation of novel environment-friendly materials. The method comprises the steps of calcining urea by using an arc-shaped crucible with a cover as a raw material, wherein the calcining comprises two stages of heating-up calcining and constant-temperature calcining, the heating-up calcining is firstly carried out, the heating-up rate is 5-30 ℃/min, and the urea is heated to 500-570 ℃; then constant temperature calcination is carried out, 500Calcining at-570 deg.C for 2-4 hr, cooling to room temperature to obtain foamed g-C3N4A photocatalytic material. Foamed g-C made by the invention3N4The specific surface area is large and is as high as 81.9m2The rhodamine B photocatalyst has the advantages of strong photocatalytic activity and the like, can be used for rapidly degrading the rhodamine B dye through photocatalysis, and can efficiently remove the dye in water.

Description

Foamed g-C3N4Photocatalytic material, preparation method and application
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of novel environment-friendly materials, and relates to a foamy g-C3N4Method for producing photocatalytic material, and foamed g-C3N4A photocatalytic material and application thereof, in particular to a foamy g-C3N4The application of the photocatalytic material in processing rhodamine B.
Background
Nowadays, environmental pollution is serious, environmental problems are increasingly prominent, a photocatalytic technology is a low-cost and environment-friendly green energy and environment treatment technology, and research on a harmless photocatalyst with high photocatalytic performance has become a wide research hotspot at present.
g-C3N4The photocatalyst has a wider absorption spectrum range due to the unique optical performance of the photocatalyst, can play a role in common visible light, and has the advantages of higher thermal stability, chemical stability, easiness in preparation and the like. g-C from urea3N4Has a larger specific surface area but a lower urea yield. Preparation of C by the related art3N4However, it is fired to produce g-C from urea3N4When the crucible is required to be wrapped by tinfoil paper, the C can be prepared3N4And when the temperature rising program exceeds 8 ℃/min, the g-C prepared finally3N4The amount of the solid is less and less, even all the solid is run off, little solid can not be left, and g-C can not be obtained3N4The invention overcomes the defects, does not need to be wrapped by tinfoil paper, has high-speed temperature rise program, and successfully prepares the foam g-C3N4
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a method for preparing g-C by using urea as a raw material3N4The method of the photocatalyst is simple and has excellent photocatalytic performance. Overcomes some research defects existing before, and prepares C by burning urea3N4In the process, a large amount of C can be prepared without any package on the crucible3N4And g-C3N4Is in foam shape, has large specific surface area which is as high as 81.9m2And/g, strong photocatalytic performance.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
foamed g-C3N4The method of the photocatalytic material is characterized in that urea is used as a raw material, an arc-shaped crucible with a cover is adopted to calcine the urea, the calcination comprises two stages of heating calcination and constant-temperature calcination, the heating calcination is firstly carried out, the heating rate is 5-30 ℃/min, and the urea is heated to 500-570 ℃; then carrying out constant temperature calcination, continuing calcination for 2-4h at the temperature of 500-570 ℃, cooling to room temperature to obtain foamed g-C3N4A photocatalytic material.
Further, 10g of urea needs to be fired in 20, 25, 30 or 40ml curved covered crucibles.
Further, the heating rate is 13-17 ℃/min. Preferably, the rate of temperature rise is 15 ℃/min.
Furthermore, the fixed temperature is 550 ℃, and the constant-temperature calcination time is 3 hours.
Foamed g-C3N4Application of photocatalytic material, and foamed g-C prepared by using method3N4And the photocatalytic material is used for removing the rhodamine B dye.
The application method comprises the following steps: adding foamed g-C into rhodamine B solution3N4And carrying out ultrasonic dispersion on the photocatalytic material, then carrying out dark adsorption, carrying out light treatment after adsorption balance is achieved, and finally finishing degradation of the dye.
The foamed g-C3N4The addition amount of the photocatalytic material is that foam-shaped g-C is added into every 50mL of rhodamine B solution3N410mg of the photocatalytic material, wherein the concentration of the rhodamine B solution is 10 mg/L.
The ultrasonic time is 15-60 s; the light intensity of the tungsten lamp is 50W, and the light adding treatment time is 60 min.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: can prepare the required g-C by using a small amount of urea3N4And shaped like a foam, prepared g-C3N4The comparison area is large, and the maximum comparison area reaches 81.9m2Preparation of g foam g-C3N4The photocatalysis capability is strong, and the complete degradation of the rhodamine B dye can be basically completed within one hour.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the foamed g-C prepared in this example3N4TEM image with temperature rise rate of 15 ℃/min, as shown in figure 1, the foamed g-C prepared by the invention3N4The material has a two-dimensional layered structure.
FIG. 2 shows the foamed g-C prepared in this example3N4A Bet graph with a temperature rise rate of 15 ℃/min, wherein (a) is foamed g-C3N4The aperture distribution diagram (b) is a partial enlarged view of (a). As can be seen from the figure, the resulting foam g-C3N4The pore diameters were 3nm and 30nm, and the pore volume at 3nm was 0.07cc/g and that at 30nm was 1.45 cc/g.
FIG. 3 foam-like g-C prepared at different ramp rates3N4And (3) a photocatalytic material degradation removal rate effect diagram.
FIG. 4 foam-like g-C prepared at different ramp rates3N4Degradation of the photocatalytic material and concentration effect.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The following detailed description of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
Foamed g-C of the invention3N4The preparation method of the material comprises the following steps:
5 parts of urea, 10g each, were weighed into 30ml arc crucibles with covers, the urea was spread out in the crucibles, the covers were then covered, and the samples were placed in muffle furnaces for programmed calcination. The specific method of calcining is 5 ℃/min, 10 ℃/min, 15 ℃/min, 20 ℃/min and 30 ℃/min, heating the urea to 550 ℃, and then keeping the temperature at 550 ℃ for calcining for 3h at constant temperature. The samples were collected and stored by cooling to room temperature.
FIG. 1 is a view of the present examplePrepared foam g-C3N4TEM images of the material. As shown in FIG. 1, the foamed g-C prepared by the present invention3N4Has a two-dimensional layered structure.
FIG. 2 shows the foamed g-C prepared in this example3N4The Bet graph with the heating rate of 15 ℃/min shows that the prepared foam-shaped g-C3N4The pore diameter was 3nm and 30nm, the pore volume at 3nm was 0.07cc/g, and the pore volume at 30nm was 1.45 cc/g.
Example 2
Foamed g-C of the invention3N4The application of the material in degrading dye rhodamine B comprises the following steps:
weighing foamed g-C prepared by different temperature gradients3N4Adding 10mg of the material into 50ml of the solution (with the concentration of 10mg/L), and performing ultrasonic diffusion for 15-60s to obtain foamed g-C3N4The material can be fully dispersed in the solution, and is firstly stirred for 30min in a shading way to carry out dark adsorption. Then, the light is added to carry out the photocatalytic reaction. FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 are the foam-like g-C3N4And (3) a degradation effect graph of the material. Foamed g-C prepared by the invention3N4The material can completely degrade rhodamine B dye within one hour of illumination, wherein the dark adsorption efficiency is improved by nearly 10% when the temperature rise rate is 15 ℃/min, the photocatalytic capacity after the light is added is improved by nearly 20%, and the prepared foam g-C3N4The material has the fastest degradation rate. Foamed g-C prepared by the invention3N4The material has good treatment effect on rhodamine B dye, and provides convenience for the subsequent photocatalytic material developed on the basis.
The above provides a foamed g-C3N4The photocatalytic material and its detailed preparation method, the principle and implementation of the present invention are illustrated herein by using specific examples, and the above description of the examples is only for the purpose of helping understanding the method of the present invention and its core idea, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, the present invention can also be implemented without departing from the principle of the present inventionThe invention is subject to several improvements and modifications, which also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. Foamed g-C3N4The method for preparing the photocatalytic material is characterized in that urea is used as a raw material, an arc-shaped crucible with a cover is adopted to calcine the urea, the calcination comprises two stages of heating calcination and constant-temperature calcination, the heating calcination is firstly carried out, the heating rate is 5-30 ℃/min, and the urea is heated to 500-570 ℃; then carrying out constant temperature calcination, continuing calcination for 2-4h at the temperature of 500-570 ℃, cooling to room temperature to obtain foamed g-C3N4A photocatalytic material.
2. A foamed g-C according to claim 13N4Method for photocatalytic material, characterized in that 10g of urea needs to be fired in 20, 25, 30 or 40ml curved covered crucibles.
3. A foamed g-C according to claim 13N4The method for preparing the photocatalytic material is characterized in that the temperature rise rate is 13-17 ℃/min.
4. A foamed g-C according to claim 33N4The method for preparing the photocatalytic material is characterized in that the temperature rise rate is 15 ℃/min.
5. A foamed g-C according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 43N4The method for preparing the photocatalytic material is characterized in that the fixed temperature is 550 ℃, and the constant-temperature calcination time is 3 hours.
6. Foamed g-C3N4The photocatalytic material is characterized in that the foamed g-C3N4Photocatalytic material obtainable by the process according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. Foamed g-C3N4Use of a photocatalytic material, characterized in that it is obtained in the form of a foam g-C obtained by the process according to any one of claims 1 to 53N4And the photocatalytic material is used for removing the rhodamine B dye.
8. A foamed g-C according to claim 73N4The application of the photocatalytic material is characterized in that the application method comprises the following steps: adding foamed g-C into rhodamine B solution3N4And carrying out ultrasonic dispersion on the photocatalytic material, then carrying out dark adsorption, carrying out light treatment after adsorption balance is achieved, and finally finishing degradation of the dye.
9. A foamed g-C according to claim 83N4Use of a photocatalytic material, characterized in that said foamed g-C3N4The addition amount of the photocatalytic material is that foam-shaped g-C is added into every 50mL of rhodamine B solution3N410mg of the photocatalytic material, wherein the concentration of the rhodamine B solution is 10 mg/L.
10. A foamed g-C according to claim 8 or 93N4The application of the photocatalytic material is characterized in that the ultrasonic time is 15-60 s; the light intensity of the tungsten lamp is 50W, and the light adding treatment time is 60 min.
CN202010673137.9A 2020-07-14 2020-07-14 Foamed g-C3N4Photocatalytic material, preparation method and application Pending CN111715270A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112892575A (en) * 2021-01-26 2021-06-04 大连理工大学 Metal monoatomic catalytic material M-C for activating soluble oxidant3N4Preparation method and application of

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103301867A (en) * 2013-06-25 2013-09-18 重庆工商大学 Inorganic ion doped carbon nitride photocatalyst and preparation method thereof
CN106824247A (en) * 2017-02-28 2017-06-13 陕西科技大学 A kind of bismuth tungstate/carbonitride/bismuth phosphate composite photo-catalyst and its preparation method and application
CN107252701A (en) * 2017-07-12 2017-10-17 西华师范大学 A kind of high activity graphite phase carbon nitride material and preparation method thereof
CN107876079A (en) * 2017-11-16 2018-04-06 三峡大学 A kind of preparation method and applications of sulfur doping Zinc oxide quantum dot modification porous graphite phase nitrogen carbide composite
US20180305231A1 (en) * 2017-04-19 2018-10-25 King Abdulaziz University Composite, a method of making thereof, and a method for degrading a pollutant

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103301867A (en) * 2013-06-25 2013-09-18 重庆工商大学 Inorganic ion doped carbon nitride photocatalyst and preparation method thereof
CN106824247A (en) * 2017-02-28 2017-06-13 陕西科技大学 A kind of bismuth tungstate/carbonitride/bismuth phosphate composite photo-catalyst and its preparation method and application
US20180305231A1 (en) * 2017-04-19 2018-10-25 King Abdulaziz University Composite, a method of making thereof, and a method for degrading a pollutant
CN107252701A (en) * 2017-07-12 2017-10-17 西华师范大学 A kind of high activity graphite phase carbon nitride material and preparation method thereof
CN107876079A (en) * 2017-11-16 2018-04-06 三峡大学 A kind of preparation method and applications of sulfur doping Zinc oxide quantum dot modification porous graphite phase nitrogen carbide composite

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112892575A (en) * 2021-01-26 2021-06-04 大连理工大学 Metal monoatomic catalytic material M-C for activating soluble oxidant3N4Preparation method and application of

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