CN111715187B - Coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN111715187B
CN111715187B CN202010676089.9A CN202010676089A CN111715187B CN 111715187 B CN111715187 B CN 111715187B CN 202010676089 A CN202010676089 A CN 202010676089A CN 111715187 B CN111715187 B CN 111715187B
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semicoke
pyrolysis
compound
coal pyrolysis
adsorption material
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CN111715187A (en
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田士东
张生军
李克伦
张文权
杜秉霖
张红星
欧曜文
苏长罗
赵欣乔
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Shaanxi Coal and Chemical Technology Institute Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D2257/302—Sulfur oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D2257/402—Dinitrogen oxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D2257/404—Nitrogen oxides other than dinitrogen oxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/10—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of nitrous oxide (N2O)
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of flue gas pollutant treatment. According to the preparation method, activated semicoke with increased specific surface area and pore volume is obtained after raw semicoke is activated, then the activated semicoke, alkali, acid and solvent are reacted by a one-pot method, and the coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material is obtained after evaporation and drying. The preparation method selects the coal pyrolysis semicoke with low cost as a reaction raw material, reduces cost input, realizes high added value utilization of the coal pyrolysis semicoke, and simultaneously adopts one-pot reaction, thereby obviously shortening the process flow and improving the preparation efficiency. The coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material prepared by the preparation method can be used for flue gas purification and SO in flue gas 2 、NO x 、CO 2 The components are efficiently recycled, so that the recycling utilization of the components is realized. Therefore, the technical content of the invention has obvious advancement and economy.

Description

Coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of flue gas pollutant treatment, and relates to a coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The treatment of smoke pollutants has been the focus of attention in the field of environmental protection, and through the development of recent decades, SO in smoke 2 、NO x And CO 2 The emission control technology of (c) is developed more rapidly. At present, wet FGD is the most mature desulfurization technology, SCR/SNCR is the most mature denitration technology, and organic amine method is the most mature chemical method CO 2 Trapping technology. However, the existing flue gas treatment technology has certain defects, such as high water consumption and low byproduct value of wet FGD; SCR/SNCR has ammonia slip and NO can not be achieved x Is recycled and recycled; the organic amine method has the problems of strong solvent volatility, high regeneration energy consumption and the like. Therefore, aiming at the defects of the prior art, the development of a novel efficient smoke treatment technology is widely focused by people.
The core of the novel flue gas treatment technology is to develop low-cost flue gas treatment materials. In recent years, as the low-temperature pyrolysis technology in coal is mature, semicoke serving as a solid product of the semicoke has realized stable production, and the construction of an industrial demonstration device for low-temperature pyrolysis in millions of tons/year coal lays a good foundation for large-scale production of semicoke. The preparation process of the coal pyrolysis semicoke is simple, the cost is low, and the coal pyrolysis semicoke has a certain pore structure, so that the coal pyrolysis semicoke is possible to be used as a porous adsorption material.
At present, semicoke has great application potential in the field of environmental protection, in particular in the aspect of flue gas treatment. Application of semicoke to SO in flue gas 2 Is related to the recovery of NO in flue gas, and semicoke cannot be used for the recovery of NO in flue gas x And CO 2 Is recovered. In the existing semicoke desulfurization process, the regeneration temperature is generally higher than 400 ℃, and semicoke, particularly powdery semicoke, is easy to burn under the temperature condition, so that great potential safety hazard is caused. In conclusion, the cheap coal pyrolysis semicoke is taken as the raw material, and the method can be used for developing SO in the flue gas 2 、NO x 、CO 2 The novel adsorption material for recovering the equivalent components has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
To overcome the disadvantages of the prior artThe invention aims to provide a coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material, and a preparation method and application thereof. The invention provides a preparation method of a coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material, which has the advantages of simple preparation process, short reaction time, economy and high efficiency, and the coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material prepared by the preparation method can be applied to SO in flue gas 2 、NO x 、CO 2 And (5) adsorbing and recovering the components.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a preparation method of a coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material, which comprises the following steps:
after the semicoke is subjected to activation treatment, activated semicoke with increased specific surface area and pore volume is obtained; uniformly dispersing activated semicoke, an alkaline compound and an acidic compound in a solvent, and synthesizing by a one-pot method to obtain a product mixture; and (3) evaporating and drying the product mixture to obtain the coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the addition amount of the alkaline compound to the addition amount of the acidic compound is (0.2-2.0): 1, and the mass ratio of the total mass of the alkaline compound and the acidic compound to the addition amount of the activated semicoke is (0.05-1.0): 1.
Preferably, the semicoke is a solid product obtained by pyrolysis in coal, wherein the pyrolysis mode comprises, but is not limited to, vertical furnace pyrolysis, solid heat carrier pyrolysis, gas heat carrier pyrolysis, fluidized bed pyrolysis, rotary kiln pyrolysis and conveying bed pyrolysis.
Preferably, the basic compound includes at least one of a hydroxide ion-containing compound, a primary amino compound, a secondary amino compound, and a tertiary amino compound; the acidic compound at least comprises one of a hydrogen ion-containing compound, a carboxyl compound, a sulfonic acid group-containing compound, a phenolic hydroxyl compound and a polyvalent heterocyclic compound containing acidity; the solvent is a single solvent or a mixed solvent of water, methanol and ethanol.
Preferably, the reaction temperature of the one-pot synthesis is 5-60 ℃ and the reaction time is 0.5-10 h.
Preferably, the evaporating and drying temperature is 60-150 ℃ and the time is 1-10 h.
The invention also discloses a coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material prepared by the preparation method.
Preferably, the surface of the coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material forms an ionic compound liquid film consisting of cations and anions.
The invention also discloses application of the coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material in flue gas purification and recovery of single-component or multi-component gas in flue gas.
Preferably, when the coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material is used for adsorbing single-component or multi-component gas in flue gas, the adsorption temperature is 20-80 ℃, and the desorption temperature is 80-150 ℃;
the flue gas contains SO 2 、NO x 、CO 2 A single component thereof, and a multicomponent component of any two or three gases therein.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses a preparation method of a coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material, which has the following advantages: (1) The coal pyrolysis semicoke with low cost is prepared into the coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material which can be used for flue gas treatment, so that the high added value utilization of the coal pyrolysis semicoke is realized, and certain economic benefit is generated; (2) The coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material is prepared by using a one-pot method, the process flow is obviously shortened, and the production and preparation efficiency is greatly improved. The preparation method has the advantages of simple process, short reaction time, economy and high efficiency.
The invention also discloses a coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material prepared by the preparation method. The coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material forms a liquid film containing ionic compounds on the surface of the coal pyrolysis semicoke through one-pot reaction, so that oxygen can be effectively isolated, low-temperature adsorption/desorption can be realized, regeneration energy consumption is reduced, serious potential safety hazards easily caused by high-temperature environment of desulfurization regeneration in the traditional process are avoided, and the use safety of the coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material is improved.
The invention also discloses application of the coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material in flue gas purification and recovery of a single component in flue gasThe use of a component or multicomponent gas. Related experiments prove that the adsorption temperature of the coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material is 20-80 ℃, the desorption temperature is 80-150 ℃, and in addition, the prepared coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material can efficiently recover SO in flue gas 2 、NO x 、CO 2 The components can be suitable for adsorption and desorption of single components or multiple components, the resource utilization of the components is realized, and the economic benefit is obvious.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process for preparing a coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material;
fig. 2 is a process system for preparing a coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material.
In the figure, 1 is a raw material semicoke bin; 2-activating means; 3-activating a semicoke bin; a 4-acid storage tank; a 5-alkali storage tank; 6-a solvent storage tank; 7-a metering device; 8-a material conveying device I; 9-a material conveying device II; 10-a material conveying device III; 11-a reaction device; 12-a material conveying device IV; 13-an evaporation drying device; 14-condensing means; 15-a novel coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material bin; 16-stirring device; 17-temperature monitoring device.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present invention, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present invention and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the invention described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention discloses a coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material, the preparation technical route of the preparation method of which can be seen in fig. 1, and the preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: the activated semicoke is obtained after the raw material semicoke is activated, the activated semicoke, alkali, acid and solvent are reacted according to a certain proportion by adopting a one-pot method, and the coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material is obtained after evaporation and drying.
Specifically, the semicoke is a solid product obtained by pyrolysis in coal, and the pyrolysis mode comprises, but is not limited to, vertical furnace pyrolysis, solid heat carrier pyrolysis, gas heat carrier pyrolysis, fluidized bed pyrolysis, rotary kiln pyrolysis and conveying bed pyrolysis.
Specifically, the semicoke activation mode comprises any method capable of increasing the specific surface area and the pore volume.
Specifically, the alkali at least comprises an alkaline compound containing hydroxide ions, and one of the alkaline compounds containing structures such as primary amine, secondary amine, tertiary amine and the like; the acid at least comprises an acidic compound containing hydrogen ions, an acidic compound containing carboxyl, sulfonic acid group, phenolic hydroxyl and other structures, and one of acidic compounds containing a multi-heterocyclic structure; the solvent is a single solvent or a mixed solvent of water, methanol, ethanol and the like.
Specifically, the molar ratio of the alkali to the acid is 0.2-2.0; the mass ratio of the alkali and acid reaction products to the activated semicoke is 0.05-1.0; the one-pot synthesis reaction temperature is 5-60 ℃ and the reaction time is 0.5-10 h; the evaporating and drying temperature is 60-150 ℃ and the time is 1-10 h.
The invention also discloses a coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material prepared by the method, which is prepared by modifying activated semicoke to form an ionic compound liquid film consisting of cations and anions on the surface of the activated semicoke.
The invention also discloses the application of the coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material in flue gas SO 2 、NO x 、CO 2 Recovery of single or multiple components.
Specifically, the flue gas purification is realized through the adsorption action of the coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material, and the adsorption temperature is 20-80 ℃; the flue gas component recovery is realized by heating and desorbing the adsorption material, and the desorption temperature is 80-150 ℃.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, regarding a process system for preparing the coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material, raw material coal pyrolysis semicoke is added into a raw material semicoke bin 1, then an activation reaction is performed through an activation device 2 to prepare activated semicoke, and the activated semicoke is sent into an activated semicoke bin 3. Meanwhile, the activated semicoke in the activated semicoke bin 3, the acidic compound in the acid storage tank 4, the alkaline compound in the alkali storage tank 5 and the solvent in the solvent storage tank 6 are led into the reaction device 11 according to the proportion required by the reaction to perform one-pot reaction by controlling the metering device 7, the material conveying device I8, the material conveying device II 9 and the material conveying device III 10, so that the coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material is prepared. During the reaction, the stirring device 16 ensures the uniformity of the reaction, and the temperature monitoring device 17 ensures the temperature control during the reaction. After the required reaction time is reached, a product system enters an evaporation drying device 13 by controlling a material conveying device IV 12, and the product is evaporated and dried to obtain a product coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material, and the product is collected into a novel coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material bin 15. The evaporated and volatilized solvent is collected by condensation treatment of a condensing device 14 and is further sent into a solvent storage tank 6 through a pipeline while the product is obtained by evaporation and drying, so that the solvent is recycled after condensation.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
Takes vertical furnace pyrolysis semicoke asRaw materials, via CO 2 And (5) activating to obtain activated semicoke. Adding activated semicoke, tetraethylenepentamine, lactic acid and methanol into a reaction device according to a certain proportion for one-pot synthesis, wherein the molar ratio of the addition amount of the tetraethylenepentamine to the addition amount of the lactic acid is 0.2, and the mass ratio of the total mass of the tetraethylenepentamine and the lactic acid to the activated semicoke is 0.05. The added raw materials react at the temperature of 5 ℃ for 0.5 and h, then are evaporated and dried, the temperature is 60 ℃, the time is 10 h, and the solvent methanol is recycled after being condensed. The finally prepared adsorption material is used for SO in flue gas 2 The adsorption temperature was 80℃and the desorption temperature was 120 ℃.
Example two
The activated semicoke is obtained by using gas heat carrier pyrolysis semicoke as a raw material and activating with KOH. Adding activated semicoke, tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium hydroxide, imidazole and ethanol into a reaction device according to a certain proportion to perform one-pot synthesis, wherein the molar ratio of the addition amount of the tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium hydroxide to the imidazole is 1.0, and the mass ratio of the total mass of the tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium hydroxide and the imidazole to the activated semicoke is 1.0. The added raw materials react at 30 ℃ for 5 h and then are evaporated and dried, the temperature is 100 ℃, the time is 5 h, and the solvent ethanol is recycled after being condensed. The finally prepared adsorption material is used for NO in flue gas x The adsorption temperature is 50 ℃ and the desorption temperature is 150 ℃.
Example III
The activated semicoke is obtained by taking pyrolysis semicoke of a rotary kiln as a raw material and activating the pyrolysis semicoke by steam. Adding activated semicoke, tetraethylenepentamine, acetic acid and water into a reaction device according to a certain proportion for one-pot synthesis, wherein the molar ratio of the addition amount of the tetraethylenepentamine to the addition amount of the acetic acid is 0.5, and the mass ratio of the total mass of the tetraethylenepentamine and the acetic acid to the activated semicoke is 0.5. The added raw materials react at 60 ℃ for 10 h and then are evaporated and dried, the temperature is 150 ℃ and the time is 1h, and the solvent water is recycled after condensation. The finally prepared adsorption material is used for CO in flue gas 2 The adsorption temperature was 20℃and the desorption temperature was 80 ℃.
Example IV
To fix and fixThe semicoke is pyrolyzed by using a heat carrier as a raw material and is treated by CO 2 And (5) activating to obtain activated semicoke. Adding activated semicoke, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hydroxide, oxalic acid and methanol into a reaction device according to a certain proportion for one-pot synthesis, wherein the molar ratio of the addition amount of the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hydroxide to the oxalic acid is 2.0, and the mass ratio of the total mass of the 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hydroxide and the oxalic acid to the activated semicoke is 0.1. The added raw materials react at the temperature of 5 ℃ for 0.5 and h, then are evaporated and dried, the temperature is 60 ℃, the time is 10 h, and the solvent methanol is recycled after being condensed. The finally prepared adsorption material is used for SO in flue gas 2 The adsorption temperature was 80℃and the desorption temperature was 120 ℃.
Example five
The activated semicoke is obtained by taking fluidized bed pyrolysis semicoke as a raw material and activating with KOH. Adding activated semicoke, tetradecyl trimethyl phosphonium hydroxide, tetrazole and ethanol into a reaction device according to a certain proportion to perform one-pot synthesis, wherein the molar ratio of the addition amount of the tetradecyl trimethyl phosphonium hydroxide to the tetrazole is 1.0, and the mass ratio of the total mass of the tetradecyl trimethyl phosphonium hydroxide and the tetrazole to the activated semicoke is 1.0. The added raw materials react at 30 ℃ for 5 h, then are evaporated and dried, the set temperature is 100 ℃, the time is 5 h, and the solvent ethanol is recycled after being condensed. The finally prepared adsorption material is used for NO in flue gas x The adsorption temperature is 50 ℃ and the desorption temperature is 150 ℃.
Example six
The activated semicoke is obtained by taking the pyrolysis semicoke of the conveying bed as a raw material and activating the pyrolysis semicoke by water vapor. Adding activated semicoke, tetraethylammonium hydroxide, alanine and water into a reaction device according to a certain proportion for one-pot synthesis, wherein the molar ratio of the tetraethylammonium hydroxide to the alanine is 1.0, and the mass ratio of the total mass of tetraethylenepentamine and acetic acid to the activated semicoke is 0.5. The added raw materials react at 60 ℃ for 10 h and then are evaporated and dried, the temperature is 150 ℃ and the time is 1h, and the solvent water is recycled after condensation. The finally prepared adsorption material is used for CO in flue gas 2 Is purified and recovered, the adsorption temperature is 20 ℃,the desorption temperature was 80 ℃.
In summary, the invention discloses a semicoke adsorbing material based on coal pyrolysis, a preparation method and application thereof, which are characterized in that activated semicoke is obtained after raw semicoke is activated, activated semicoke, alkali, acid and solvent are reacted according to a certain proportion by adopting a one-pot method, and the adsorbing material is obtained after evaporation and drying, and can be used for flue gas purification and flue gas component recovery. The method comprises the following steps:
1. traditional semicoke materials can only be used for SO 2 The regeneration temperature is higher than 400 ℃, the energy consumption is high, and the semicoke material is continuously consumed in the regeneration process. The semicoke material based on coal pyrolysis disclosed by the invention can be used for SO by adjusting the chemical composition of a surface liquid film 2 、CO 2 、NO x The single component or the multiple components are removed and recycled, the regeneration temperature is 80-150 ℃, the energy consumption is low, and the raw materials are not consumed in the regeneration process.
2. The traditional semicoke material is applied to a high-temperature environment, and has high possibility of burning and high potential safety hazard. The semicoke material is applied to a low-temperature environment, and the ionic compound liquid film on the surface of the semicoke material can effectively isolate oxygen, reduce the combustibility of the semicoke material and greatly improve the use safety.
3. The coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material is prepared by a one-pot method, the process flow is obviously shortened, and the production and preparation efficiency is greatly improved. The preparation method has the advantages of simple process, short reaction time, economy and high efficiency.
The above is only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by this, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The preparation method of the coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
after the semicoke is subjected to activation treatment, activated semicoke with increased specific surface area and pore volume is obtained; uniformly dispersing activated semicoke, an alkaline compound and an acidic compound in a solvent, and synthesizing by a one-pot method to obtain a product mixture; evaporating and drying the product mixture to obtain a coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material;
the molar ratio of the addition amount of the alkaline compound to the addition amount of the acid compound is (0.2-2.0) 1, and the mass ratio of the total mass of the alkaline compound and the acid compound to the addition amount of the activated semicoke is (0.05-1.0) 1;
the reaction temperature of one-pot synthesis is 5-60 ℃ and the reaction time is 0.5-10 h;
the basic compound includes at least one of a primary amino group-containing compound, a secondary amino group-containing compound, and a tertiary amino group-containing compound; the acidic compound at least comprises one of a carboxyl compound, a sulfonic acid compound, a phenolic hydroxyl compound and a polybasic heterocyclic compound containing acidity; the solvent is a single solvent or a mixed solvent of methanol and ethanol;
the alkaline compound and the acidic compound react through a one-pot method to form an ionic compound liquid film consisting of anions and cations on the surface of the coal pyrolysis semicoke.
2. The method for preparing the coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material according to claim 1, wherein semicoke is a solid product obtained by pyrolysis in coal, and the pyrolysis mode comprises vertical furnace pyrolysis, solid heat carrier pyrolysis, gas heat carrier pyrolysis, fluidized bed pyrolysis, rotary kiln pyrolysis and conveying bed pyrolysis.
3. The method for preparing a coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorption material according to claim 1, wherein the evaporation drying temperature is 60-150 ℃ and the time is 1-10 h.
4. The coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorbing material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The use of the coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorbing material as claimed in claim 4 for purifying flue gas and recovering single-component or multi-component gases in the flue gas.
6. The use according to claim 5, wherein the coal pyrolysis semicoke adsorbing material is used for adsorbing single component or multi-component gas in flue gas, the adsorption temperature is 20-80 ℃, and the desorption temperature is 80-150 ℃;
the flue gas contains SO 2 、NO x 、CO 2 A single component thereof, and a multicomponent component of any two or three gases therein.
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