CN111711196B - Seamless switching control method for operation modes of alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network - Google Patents

Seamless switching control method for operation modes of alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network Download PDF

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CN111711196B
CN111711196B CN202010636694.3A CN202010636694A CN111711196B CN 111711196 B CN111711196 B CN 111711196B CN 202010636694 A CN202010636694 A CN 202010636694A CN 111711196 B CN111711196 B CN 111711196B
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energy storage
converter
direct current
voltage
current
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CN111711196A (en
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陆玲霞
于淼
杨鹏程
陈勇攀
于希娟
师恩洁
李洪涛
赵贺
何彦彬
沈洋
余谦
王天一
李博伦
常媛
莫小林
吴林林
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Zhejiang University ZJU
State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Beijing Electric Power Co Ltd
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Zhejiang University ZJU
State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Beijing Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/02—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks using a single network for simultaneous distribution of power at different frequencies; using a single network for simultaneous distribution of ac power and of dc power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/007—Arrangements for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources
    • H02J3/0073—Arrangements for selectively connecting the load or loads to one or several among a plurality of power lines or power sources for providing alternative feeding paths between load and source when the main path fails, e.g. transformers, busbars
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy

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  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides an alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network operation mode seamless switching control method, and relates to an alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network. The control method comprises the following steps: under a normal working mode, two paths of AC/DC converters provide bus voltage support and power sharing for a direct current sub-network, an energy storage system only controls an energy storage SOC, and a constant power control mode is adopted; under the single-path fault mode, a one-path bidirectional AC/DC converter and an energy storage system provide bus voltage support and power sharing for a direct-current sub-grid; in a two-way fault mode, the dc bus voltage support is provided by the energy storage system. The seamless switching control method for the operation modes of the alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network can realize voltage stabilization, power self-adaptive sharing and energy storage SOC regulation of the direct current sub-network in normal and fault modes.

Description

Seamless switching control method for operation modes of alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network
Technical Field
The invention relates to a seamless switching control method for an operation mode of an alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network, and belongs to the crossing field of design of a power system and a control system.
Background
With the increasing energy demand, new energy distributed power generation is more and more important at home and abroad. The new energy is accessed to a public power grid in a micro-grid mode and is operated in a grid-connected mode, and the method is the most effective mode for developing new energy distributed power generation. Because most of electric energy generated by new energy power generation is direct current and direct current load is increasing day by day in recent years, direct current micro-grids are developed at a high speed, and an alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network with alternating current characteristics and direct current characteristics also becomes a research hotspot. Compare in traditional alternating current distribution network, the alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network has direct current's advantage concurrently on the basis of exchanging, and alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network can direct access direct current load and distributed generator, and distributed generator can directly be the direct current load power supply through direct current bus, has reduced the demand to AC/DC transverter.
The alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network is composed of an alternating current sub-network and a direct current sub-network, power exchange is achieved between the alternating current sub-network and the direct current sub-network through an AC/DC converter, and the alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network further comprises an energy storage system, a distributed power supply, a direct current load and an alternating current load. At present, research on an alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network mainly comprises the aspects of a topological structure, a control strategy, stable operation, fault protection, optimal scheduling and the like, wherein the coordination control and mode switching of a multi-converter are the key points of the stable operation of the power distribution network. In the prior art about mode seamless switching control, switching of a microgrid between grid-connected and isolated island operation modes is mainly focused, rapidity of switching of the microgrid between the grid-connected and isolated grid modes is guaranteed, and researches on mode seamless switching control of a power distribution network with multiple converters are few.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a seamless switching control method for an operation mode of an alternating-current and direct-current hybrid power distribution network, which is used for solving the problem of coordination control among multiple converters and realizing the switching control of multiple operation modes of the hybrid power distribution network.
In order to achieve the purpose, the specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a seamless switching control method for operation modes of an alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network comprises two alternating current sub-networks and a direct current sub-network, wherein the two alternating current sub-networks are respectively connected with the direct current sub-network through an AC/DC converter, and meanwhile, the two alternating current sub-networks are connected with a public power grid through an AC/AC converter; the hybrid power distribution network is provided with an alternating current load on an alternating current side, an energy storage system and a direct current load on a direct current side, and in the energy storage system, an energy storage unit is connected to a direct current sub-network through an energy storage converter. The method comprises the following steps:
(1) two AC/DC converters and an energy storage converter are used as three controlled voltage sources, and a central controller respectively issues control instructions delta V to the three controlled voltage sources by monitoring the running state of a power gridx(x is 1,2,3), where 1 denotes a first AC/DC converter, and 2 denotes a second a converterA C/DC converter, 3 denotes an energy storage converter; the method realizes voltage stabilization, power self-adaptive sharing and energy storage SOC regulation under different operation modes, and specifically comprises the following three modes:
(a) under a normal operation mode, the two-way AC/DC converter can meet the power requirement of a direct current load, the central controller issues an instruction delta V to adjust the two-way AC/DC converter to provide voltage support and power sharing for a direct current bus, and under the operation mode, the energy storage converter only controls the energy storage SOC and adopts constant power control;
(b) under the single-circuit fault mode, the AC/DC converter of the fault circuit is cut off, and the central controller issues an instruction delta V to adjust the energy storage converter and the non-fault AC/DC converter so as to provide voltage support and power sharing for the voltage of the direct current bus.
(c) Under the two-way fault mode, the two-way AC/DC converter is cut off, the direct current load power requirement is provided by the energy storage converter, and the central controller issues an instruction delta V to adjust the energy storage converter to provide voltage support and power requirement for the direct current bus.
(2) The three controlled voltage outer ring controls all adopt consistent direct current voltage droop control, and reference voltages of the three controlled voltage sources can be obtained through calculation respectively according to the rated voltage of a direct current bus and actual output currents of the three controlled voltage sources and by introducing an issuing instruction delta V of a central controller.
(3) According to the direct current output reference voltages of the three controlled voltage sources obtained by calculation in the step (2), the output reference voltages are tracked in the controlled voltage sources by PI regulation, so that voltage support, power self-adaptive sharing and energy storage SOC regulation of the hybrid power distribution network in normal operation and fault modes are realized.
Further, the central controller sends a control instruction delta V to the two-way AC/DC converter in the normal working modex(x ═ 1,2) was calculated in the following manner:
ΔVx＝(KP1+KI1/s)(v*-vdcbus)+(KP2+KI2/s)(iaverage-idc,x),x＝1,2 (1)
wherein x is 1 or 2, each of which representsNumber of two corresponding AC/DC converters, KP1,KP2Proportional coefficient, K, of PI regulator for voltage and current quantities, respectivelyI1,KI2The integral coefficients of the PI regulator respectively corresponding to the voltage quantity and the current quantity, 1/s represents the integral link of the PI regulation, v*Rated voltage, v, for the DC busdcbusIs the actual voltage of the DC bus idc,xFor the output current of the AC/DC converter, iaverageThe power sharing can be realized by controlling the current ratio under the condition of the same voltage for the reference current of the AC/DC converter participating in the direct current power sharing.
The energy storage converter only controls the energy storage SOC, constant power control is adopted, and the central controller issues an instruction delta V3Can be obtained by calculation in the following way:
Figure BDA0002568790420000021
wherein idc,3,refA charge-discharge reference current for constant power control of the energy storage system, and idc,3,ref＞0，idc,3For the actual charging and discharging current of the energy storage system, idc,3> 0 represents discharge of the energy storage system, idc,3< 0 indicates that the energy storage system is charged.
Further, the central controller issues control instructions Δ V to the energy storage converter and the non-fault AC/DC converter in the single-path fault modex(x ═ 1 or 2,3) can be obtained by calculation by the following method:
ΔVx＝(KP1+KI1/s)(v*-vdcbus)+(KP2+KI2/s)(iaverage-idc,x) Where x is 1 or 2,3 (3) wherein i isdc,xX is 1 or 2, is the actual output current of the non-faulty AC/DC converter, idc,3Is the actual output current of the energy storage converter.
Further, the central controller issues a control instruction Δ V to the energy storage converter in the two-way fault mode3Can be calculated by the following method:
ΔV3＝(KP1+KI1/s)(v*-vdcbus) (4)
further, in the step 2, the outer loop control of the three controlled voltage sources introduces a voltage deviation amount on the basis of adopting direct current voltage droop control, so as to respectively provide direct current reference voltages V of the two-way AC/DC converter and the energy storage converter according to the delta Vdc,x,refSpecifically, the following is shown:
vdc,x,ref＝v*-kidc,x+ΔVx,x＝1,2,3 (5)
wherein v isdc,x,refIs the output reference voltage of the controlled voltage source, k is the droop coefficient, idc,xFor outputting current, Δ V, from a controlled voltage sourcexIs the issued command of the central controller.
Furthermore, the hybrid power distribution network is also connected with a photovoltaic power generation system on the direct current side, and the photovoltaic power generation system operates at the maximum power point.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that coordinated control among the multiple converters of the multi-subnet alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network is realized, the seamless switching control method is based on direct current voltage droop control, bottom layer control of a controlled voltage source is not required to be changed during switching before a normal operation mode and a fault mode, stability of a direct current bus can be guaranteed by adjusting an issued command of a central controller, adaptive power sharing and energy storage SOC control among the multiple converters can be guaranteed, and seamless switching control of the operation mode of the hybrid power distribution network can be guaranteed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a topological diagram of an ac/dc hybrid power distribution network according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 illustrates a normal operating mode of the hybrid power distribution network;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the inner loop control of the AC/DC converter;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the inner loop control of the energy storage converter.
Detailed Description
The invention provides an AC/DC hybrid power distribution network operation mode seamless switching control method, which introduces a voltage deviation amount on the basis of DC voltage droop control, wherein the voltage deviation amount is an issued instruction of a central controller, and the central controller realizes the coordination control of a controlled voltage source through the issued instruction, thereby realizing the voltage support, the power self-adaptive sharing and the energy storage SOC control of a DC bus. Under a normal working mode, the power requirement of a direct current load is met by two paths of AC/DC converters, energy storage adopts constant power control, and energy storage SOC control is realized; under the single-circuit fault mode, the direct-current bus voltage support and the power sharing are realized by the energy storage converter and the non-fault circuit AC/DC converter; under the double-circuit fault mode, the power requirement of the direct current load is met by the energy storage converter, and the direct current bus voltage is also supported by the energy storage converter.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
considering that the photovoltaic module in the direct-current sub-network is in maximum power point tracking control and is assumed to be constant in output power, the mode seamless switching control method provided by the invention has no effect, and in example analysis, the photovoltaic module is not considered, the normal working mode of the hybrid power distribution network is shown in fig. 2, the direct-current sub-network is provided with three controlled voltage sources, two AC/DC converters and an energy storage system, and the energy storage system is controlled by the energy storage converter. The numbers of the two converters are respectively marked, wherein 1 represents a first AC/DC converter, 2 represents a second AC/DC converter, and 3 represents an energy storage converter;
in the normal operation mode, the breakers S1, S2, S3 and S4 in FIG. 2 are all in the closed state, the two-way AC/DC converter can sufficiently meet the power requirement of the DC load, and the central controller issues a command Δ V1And Δ V2Adjusting a two-way AC/DC converter to provide voltage support and power sharing for a direct current bus and controlling a command delta V1And Δ V2Can be obtained by calculation of formula (1); in the running mode, the energy storage system only controls the energy storage SOC, constant power control is adopted, and a control instruction delta V issued by the central controller3Can be calculated by the formula (2). When the circuit breaker S1 or S2 in fig. 2 is accidentally opened, the hybrid power distribution network operates in the single-circuit fault mode, taking S1 as an example for explanation: when detecting S1 unexpected disconnection, the central controller actively disconnects S3 and adjusts the control command DeltaV issued to the energy storage converter3The energy storage system provides voltage support for the direct current bus, shares the direct current load power demand with the AC/DC converter 2, and controls the control instruction delta V of the energy storage converter under the single-circuit fault mode3The control command Δ V of the AC/DC converter 2 can be calculated by the formula (3)2The same as in the normal operating mode. When unexpected disconnection occurs in S1 and S2 in FIG. 2, the hybrid power distribution network works in a two-way fault mode: when the S1 and S2 are detected to be disconnected, the central controller actively disconnects S3 and S4 and adjusts a control command delta V issued to the energy storage converter3The energy storage system provides voltage support for the direct current bus, and all the energy storage system can bear the power requirement of the direct current load, and the energy storage converter under the double-circuit fault mode controls the instruction delta V3Can be calculated by the formula (4).
In the hybrid distribution network shown in fig. 2, three controlled voltage sources coexist on the dc side: a two-way AC/DC converter and an energy storage converter. The outer ring control of the three controlled voltage sources is based on the direct current voltage droop control, and the voltage deviation amount delta V is introducedxThe voltage deviation amount is given by the central controller as a control instruction of mode switching according to the operation mode of the hybrid power distribution network, and reference voltages controlled by the inner ring of the controlled voltage source can be calculated according to the control instruction, and the specific implementation is shown in formula (5).
The two AC/DC converters adopt the same control, and an inner loop control schematic diagram of the two AC/DC converters is shown in fig. 3, and mainly includes a voltage inner loop, a current inner loop, and a pulse generator module, where x ═ 1 denotes a first AC/DC converter, and x ═ 2 denotes a second AC/DC converter. Firstly, the collected three-phase voltage v at the alternating current sidex,abcAnd three-phase current ix,abcCalculating the active power PxAnd reactive power QxAnd will ix,abcPerforming Park transformation, as shown in formula (6), and calculating to obtain a current d-axis component ix,dQ-axis component ix,qAnd 0 axis component ix,0。
Figure BDA0002568790420000051
For obtaining a reference ac of a reference pulse generatorVoltage v* x,abcObtaining the reference voltage component v in dq0 coordinate system* x,d,v* x,qAnd v* x,0. To obtain v* x,dA direct current reference voltage v obtained by controlling the outer ringdc,x,refSubtracting the actual output DC voltage vdc,xAnd then an inner loop current reference value i is obtained through PI regulationx,drefBy ix,dSubtract ix,drefRegulating by PI; to obtain v* x,qSince the reactive power is not considered at the DC side, the calculated reactive power Q at the AC side is obtainedxSubtracting 0 to obtain an inner ring reference current i through PI regulationx,qrefBy ix,qSubtract ix,qrefRegulating by PI; to obtain v* x,0The calculated 0-axis component i0Subtracting the reference value 0 of the 0 axis, and adjusting by PI. From the obtained v* x,d,v* x,qAnd v* x,0Conversion to v* x,abcNeeds to be subjected to inverse Park transformation as shown in formula (7).
Figure BDA0002568790420000052
v* x,abc6 pulse signals can be generated through the comparison of the pulse generator module and the triangular carrier wave to control the on and off of 6 IGBT switching tubes of the AC/DC converter, so that the actual output direct current voltage of the AC/DC converter tracks the outer ring to control the given direct current reference voltage vdc,x,ref。
The control principle of the inner ring of the energy storage converter is shown in fig. 4, and the control principle also comprises a voltage inner ring, a current inner ring and a pulse generator. V given outer loop controldc,3,refWith the measured actual output voltage v of the energy-storing converterdc,3Subtracting, and obtaining a current inner loop reference value i through PI regulationdc,3,refThen i isdc,3,refAnd the actual output current i of the energy storage converterdc,3Subtracting, PI regulating, and inputting into pulse generator to obtain switch of energy storage converterThe tube pulse signal. The obtained pulse signal of the switching tube is used for controlling the switching tube of the energy storage converter to be switched on and off, so that the energy storage converter can actually output, track the outer loop and control the given reference voltage vdc,3,ref。
The central controller adjusts and issues a control instruction delta V according to the actual operation mode of the hybrid power distribution networkx(x is 1,2 and 3), the outer ring control of the two-way AC/DC converter and the energy storage converter adopts direct current droop control, voltage deviation is introduced, and the realization is realized according to delta VxRespectively providing direct current reference voltage v of two-way AC/DC converter and energy storage converterdc,x,refIn-loop control for realizing given reference voltage v for outer-loop controldc,x,refAnd tracking, so that direct current bus voltage support, power self-adaption sharing and energy storage SOC control under a normal working mode and a fault mode of the hybrid power distribution network are realized.

Claims (2)

1. A seamless switching control method for operation modes of an alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network comprises two alternating current sub-networks and a direct current sub-network, wherein the two alternating current sub-networks are respectively connected with the direct current sub-network through an AC/DC converter, and meanwhile, the two alternating current sub-networks are connected with a public power grid through an AC/AC converter; the hybrid power distribution network is provided with an alternating current load on an alternating current side, an energy storage system and a direct current load on a direct current side, and in the energy storage system, an energy storage unit is connected to a direct current sub-network through an energy storage converter; the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) the method comprises the following steps that two AC/DC converters and an energy storage converter are used as three controlled voltage sources, a central controller respectively issues control instructions delta V to the three controlled voltage sources by monitoring the operation state of a power grid, voltage stabilization, power self-adaptive sharing and energy storage SOC regulation under different operation modes are realized, and the method specifically comprises the following three modes:
(a) when the two paths of the alternating current sub-networks are both connected to the grid normally, the hybrid power distribution network operates in a normal working mode, the two paths of the AC/DC converters operate normally, and the central controller issues an instruction delta V on the assumption that the requirements of direct current load power are met sufficientlyx(x is 1 or 2,3) regulating and controlling two-way AC/DC converter to provide direct-current bus voltage supportThe power sharing ratio is corrected in time, the direct current energy storage converter only needs to control the energy storage SOC, and constant power control is adopted; instruction Δ Vx(x ═ 1 or 2,3) was calculated in the following manner:
ΔVx＝(KP1+KI1/s)(v*-vdcbus)+(KP2+KI2/s)(iaverage-idc,x),x＝1,2 (1)
where x is 1,2, and each indicates the serial number of the corresponding two AC/DC converters, KP1,KP2Proportional coefficient, K, of PI regulator for voltage and current quantities, respectivelyI1,KI2The integral coefficients of the PI regulator respectively corresponding to the voltage quantity and the current quantity, 1/s represents the integral link of the PI regulation, v*Rated voltage, v, for the DC busdcbusIs the actual voltage of the DC bus idc,xFor the output current of the AC/DC converter, iaverageThe reference current of the AC/DC converter participating in the direct current power sharing is controlled to realize the power sharing by controlling the current ratio under the condition of the same voltage;
the energy storage converter only controls the energy storage SOC, constant power control is adopted, and the central controller issues an instruction delta V3Can be obtained by calculation in the following way:
Figure FDA0003127732900000011
wherein idc,3,refA charge-discharge reference current for constant power control of the energy storage system, and idc,3,ref＞0，idc,3For the actual charging and discharging current of the energy storage system, idc,3> 0 represents discharge of the energy storage system, idc,3< 0 indicates energy storage system charging;
(b) when one fault occurs in two-way grid connection of the alternating current sub-network, the hybrid power distribution network operates in a single-way fault mode, the central controller cuts off the AC/DC converter corresponding to the fault, the direct current voltage is supported by the energy storage converter and the other non-fault AC/DC converter together, and the central controller issues an instruction delta Vx(x ═ 1 or 2,3), regulating energy storage converters and non-fault AC/DC conversionThe device participates in the voltage support and the adaptive power sharing of the direct current bus; instruction Δ Vx(x ═ 1 or 2,3) was calculated by the following method:
ΔVx＝(KP1+KI1/s)(v*-vdcbus)+(KP2+KI2/s)(iaverage-idc,x) X is 1 or 2,3 (3)
Wherein, here idc,xX is 1 or 2, is the actual output current of the non-faulty AC/DC converter, idc,3Is the actual output current of the energy storage converter;
(c) when the two-way grid connection of the alternating current sub-network has faults, the hybrid power distribution network operates in a two-way fault mode, the central controller cuts off the two-way AC/DC converter, the direct current voltage is only controlled by the energy storage converter, and the central controller issues delta V3Providing the energy storage converter with direct-current voltage support and power required by a direct-current load; Δ V3Calculated by the following method:
ΔV3＝(KP1+KI1/s)(v*-vdcbus) (4)
(2) the outer ring control of the three controlled voltage sources introduces voltage deviation amount on the basis of adopting direct current voltage droop control to respectively provide direct current reference voltage V of the two-way AC/DC converter and the energy storage converter according to delta Vdc,x,ref(ii) a The details are as follows:
vdc,x,ref＝v*-kidc,x+ΔVx,x＝1,2,3 (5)
wherein v isdc,x,refIs the output reference voltage of the controlled voltage source, k is the droop coefficient, idc,xFor outputting current, Δ V, from a controlled voltage sourcexSending an instruction to the central controller;
the inner loop control is reference voltage tracking control realized based on a PI regulator, and seamless switching control of the operation mode of the hybrid power distribution network is realized.
2. The method for controlling seamless switching of the operation modes of the alternating current-direct current hybrid power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein a photovoltaic power generation system is further connected to the hybrid power distribution network on the direct current side, and the photovoltaic power generation system operates at the maximum power point.
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