CN111711077A - Free-fall triggered three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch and discharge method - Google Patents
Free-fall triggered three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch and discharge method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111711077A CN111711077A CN202010635874.XA CN202010635874A CN111711077A CN 111711077 A CN111711077 A CN 111711077A CN 202010635874 A CN202010635874 A CN 202010635874A CN 111711077 A CN111711077 A CN 111711077A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 29
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T2/00—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means
- H01T2/02—Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means comprising a trigger electrode or an auxiliary spark gap
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
- H01T1/00—Details of spark gaps
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Abstract
The invention relates to a three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch and a discharge method, in particular to a free-fall trigger type three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch and a discharge method, which solve the problems that in practical engineering application, for the requirement that the time sequence discharge time correlation precision is microsecond to millisecond magnitude, the cost is too high by adopting an electric trigger high-voltage discharge switch, and the requirement cannot be met by adopting a mechanical trigger high-voltage discharge switch. The high-voltage discharge switch comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a trigger electrode; it is characterized in that: the device also comprises an electromagnetic relay; the positive electrode and the negative electrode are horizontally arranged side by side and coaxially and fixedly arranged, and a discharge gap is arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode; the electromagnetic relay is fixedly arranged above the discharge gap; the trigger electrode is adsorbed on the lower end face of the electromagnetic relay by utilizing the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic relay and is positioned right above the discharge gap; the trigger electrode is made of ferromagnetic material, and the width dimension of the trigger electrode along the connecting line direction of the center of the positive electrode and the center of the negative electrode is smaller than the dimension of the discharge gap.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch and a discharge method, in particular to a free-fall triggered three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch and a discharge method.
Background
In the high voltage domain, high voltage discharge switches are commonly used to control the opening of the high voltage gap. The high-voltage discharge switch is generally divided into an electrical trigger mode and a mechanical trigger mode.
Referring to fig. 1, a conventional electrically-triggered high-voltage discharge switch generally adopts a three-electrode structure, that is, includes a positive electrode 01, a trigger electrode 03 and a negative electrode 02; the working principle is as follows: after the positive electrode 01 and the negative electrode 02 are charged to a preset voltage, a high-voltage pulse signal is applied to the trigger electrode 03, and an electric field between the positive electrode 01 and the negative electrode 02 is disturbed through the high-voltage pulse signal, so that the positive electrode 01 and the negative electrode 02 are quickly broken down, and the purpose of quick discharge is achieved. The relative positions of the three electrodes of the electrically-triggered high-voltage discharge switch are fixed; the electric trigger action time is between nanosecond and microsecond, the method has the advantage of high correlation precision, and is generally used in a scene needing high-precision correlation time sequence discharge; the disadvantages of the system are that a high-voltage trigger needs to be equipped, the system is complex, the manufacturing cost is high, the system stability is poor, and the debugging difficulty is high.
Referring to fig. 2, the conventional mechanically triggered high-voltage discharge switch generally adopts a two-electrode structure, that is, includes a positive electrode 01 and a negative electrode 02; the working principle is as follows: when the positive electrode 01 and the negative electrode 02 are charged to a preset voltage, one of the electrodes is moved to approach the other electrode by the mechanical action of a mechanical trigger element 04 (such as an electromagnet or a pneumatic valve), and when the two electrodes are close enough, overvoltage breakdown occurs between the two electrodes. The action time of mechanical triggering of the mechanical triggering high-voltage discharge switch is generally in the order of seconds, the correlation precision is very poor, and the method is suitable for time sequence discharge scenes with no time correlation or very low time correlation requirements; but it has the advantages of simple design, low cost, high system stability and small debugging difficulty.
In practical engineering application, some requirements that the time sequence discharge time correlation precision is microsecond to millisecond magnitude are often met, the cost is too high when the high-voltage discharge switch is electrically triggered, and the requirements cannot be met when the high-voltage discharge switch is mechanically triggered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a free-fall triggered three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch and a discharge method, and aims to solve the technical problems that in practical engineering application, for the requirement that the time sequence discharge time correlation precision is microsecond to millisecond magnitude, the cost is too high when an electrically triggered high-voltage discharge switch is adopted, and the requirement cannot be met when a mechanically triggered high-voltage discharge switch is adopted.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that the free-fall triggered three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode and a trigger electrode; it is characterized in that:
the device also comprises an electromagnetic relay;
the positive electrode and the negative electrode are horizontally arranged side by side and coaxially and fixedly arranged, and a discharge gap is arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode;
the electromagnetic relay is fixedly arranged above the discharge gap;
the trigger electrode is adsorbed on the lower end face of the electromagnetic relay by utilizing the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic relay and is positioned right above the discharge gap;
the trigger electrode is made of ferromagnetic materials, and the width of the trigger electrode along the direction of a connecting line of the center of the positive electrode and the center of the negative electrode is smaller than the size of the discharge gap.
Furthermore, the distance between the lower end surface of the trigger electrode and the connecting line of the center of the positive electrode and the center of the negative electrode is positively correlated with the trigger delay time and the charging voltage of the high-voltage discharge switch;
and the distance machining precision error of the lower end surface of the trigger electrode from the connecting line of the center of the positive electrode and the center of the negative electrode is micrometer. Therefore, the triggering delay time of the high-voltage discharge switch can be accurately controlled by accurately controlling the distance between the lower end surface of the triggering electrode and the connecting line of the center of the positive electrode and the center of the negative electrode, and the triggering delay time of the high-voltage discharge switch is dithered to microsecond level.
Further, the device also comprises a shell;
the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the electromagnetic relay are all fixed on the shell. Thus, the high voltage discharge switch is a stand-alone product.
Further, the size of the discharge gap is positively correlated to the charging voltage of the high voltage discharge switch.
The invention also provides a discharging method based on the free-fall triggered three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: the trigger electrode is adsorbed on the lower end face of the electromagnetic relay by controlling the electromagnetic relay and utilizing the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic relay;
step 2: controlling the current of the electromagnetic relay to be switched off so that the trigger electrode starts to move in a free falling mode;
and step 3: the trigger electrode breaks down the positive electrode and the negative electrode through the discharge gap, and the trigger time-delay discharge of the high-voltage discharge switch is realized.
Furthermore, in step 3, the time of the trigger delay is realized by adjusting the distance from the lower end surface of the trigger electrode to the connecting line of the center of the positive electrode and the center of the negative electrode.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention relates to a free-falling body triggering type three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch and a discharge method, which utilize the free-falling body principle under the action of gravity and the working principle of an electromagnetic relay (after a coil of the electromagnetic relay is electrified, an iron core in the coil generates strong electromagnetic force, and an armature adsorbs a trigger electrode; according to the existing machining precision, when the trigger electrode is located at the initial position, the distance error between the lower end surface of the trigger electrode and the connecting line of the center of the positive electrode and the center of the negative electrode can be in a micron order, so that the trigger delay time error of the high-voltage discharge switch can be controlled in a microsecond order, the precision of the trigger delay time error is far higher than that of an existing ordinary mechanical trigger type high-voltage discharge switch, and the cost of the trigger delay time error is greatly reduced compared with that of the existing electrical trigger type high-voltage discharge; therefore, the invention solves the technical problems that in practical engineering application, for the requirement that the time sequence discharge time correlation precision is microsecond to millisecond magnitude, the cost is too high by adopting an electric trigger high-voltage discharge switch, and the requirement cannot be met by adopting a mechanical trigger high-voltage discharge switch. The free-fall trigger type three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch has the following maximum advantages: the trigger delay time can be accurately controlled, and the precision of the trigger delay time can reach microsecond level.
(2) The free-fall triggered three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch of the invention preferably further comprises a shell; the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the electromagnetic relay are all fixed on the shell. Thus, the high voltage discharge switch constitutes a separate product.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art electrically-triggered high-voltage discharge switch;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a prior art mechanically triggered high voltage discharge switch;
the reference numerals in fig. 1 and 2 are explained as follows:
01-positive electrode, 02-negative electrode, 03-trigger electrode, 04-mechanical trigger element.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
the reference numerals in fig. 3 are explained as follows:
1-positive electrode, 2-negative electrode, 3-electromagnetic relay, 4-trigger electrode, and 5-shell.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 3, the free-fall triggered three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch of the present invention includes a positive electrode 1, a negative electrode 2, a trigger electrode 4 and an electromagnetic relay 3.
The positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2 are horizontally arranged side by side and coaxially and fixedly arranged, and a discharge gap is arranged between the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode; the electromagnetic relay 3 is fixedly arranged above the discharge gap; the trigger electrode 4 is adsorbed on the lower end face of the electromagnetic relay 3 by utilizing the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic relay 3, and the trigger electrode 4 is positioned right above the discharge gap; the trigger electrode 4 is made of ferromagnetic material, and its width dimension along the line connecting the center of the positive electrode 1 and the center of the negative electrode 2 is smaller than the dimension of the discharge gap.
The distance between the lower end surface of the trigger electrode 4 and the connecting line of the center of the positive electrode 1 and the center of the negative electrode 2 is positively correlated with the trigger delay time and the charging voltage of the high-voltage discharge switch; in this embodiment, in order to control the triggering delay time error of the high-voltage discharge switch to be in the order of microseconds, the distance processing precision error between the lower end surface of the trigger electrode 4 and the connecting line between the center of the positive electrode 1 and the center of the negative electrode 2 is in the order of micrometers. In order to constitute a separate product, the free-fall triggered three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch of the present embodiment preferably further includes a housing 5, and the positive electrode 1, the negative electrode 2, and the electromagnetic relay 3 are fixed to the housing 5. The size of the discharge gap is positively correlated with the charge voltage of the high-voltage discharge switch.
The invention also provides a discharging method based on the free-fall triggered three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch, which comprises the following steps:
step 1: by controlling the electromagnetic relay 3, the trigger electrode 4 is attracted to the lower end face of the electromagnetic relay 3 by the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic relay 3;
step 2: by controlling the current of the electromagnetic relay 3 to be switched off, the trigger electrode 4 starts to move in a free falling mode;
and step 3: the trigger electrode 4 breaks down the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2 through the discharge gap, so that the trigger time-delay discharge of the high-voltage discharge switch is realized.
In the step 3, the time of the trigger delay is realized by adjusting the distance from the lower end surface of the trigger electrode 4 to the connecting line of the center of the positive electrode 1 and the center of the negative electrode 2.
The free falling body triggering type three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch has the working principle that: firstly, the trigger electrode 4 is absorbed by the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic relay 3, so that the trigger electrode 4 is fixed at a certain height higher than the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2, and then the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2 are charged to a preset voltage; when the high-voltage discharge switch is required to act, the trigger electrode 4 starts to move in a free-falling mode under the action of gravity by controlling the current of the electromagnetic relay 3 to be switched off, and the trigger electrode 4, the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 1 are connected with each otherThe relative distance of the negative electrode 2 is gradually reduced, and the electric field between the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2 is gradually increased until breakdown occurs. The triggering delay time of the high-voltage discharge switch can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the triggering electrode 4 and the connecting line of the center of the positive electrode 1 and the center of the negative electrode 2. According to the formula H of free falling body with zero initial speed-0.5 gt2(in the formula, H represents the falling height, g represents the acceleration of gravity, and t represents the falling time): the falling time of the free falling body is only related to the falling height, namely, the time precision from the power failure of the electromagnetic relay 3 to the free falling body of the trigger electrode 4 to the triggering of the trigger electrode 4 to the discharge of the positive electrode 1 and the negative electrode 2 depends on the distance from the connecting line of the center of the positive electrode 1 and the center of the negative electrode 2 to the lower end surface of the trigger electrode 4 when the trigger electrode 4 is located at the initial position. According to the existing machining precision, when the trigger electrode 4 is located at the initial position, the distance error between the lower end surface of the trigger electrode and the connecting line of the center of the positive electrode 1 and the center of the negative electrode 2 can be controlled to be micrometer magnitude, so that the trigger delay time error of the high-voltage discharge switch can be controlled to be microsecond magnitude, and the precision of the high-voltage discharge switch is far higher than that of the existing ordinary mechanical trigger high-voltage discharge switch.
The free-fall triggered three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch can adopt a plurality of high-voltage discharge switches to construct a circuit, the switch interval time of the high-voltage discharge switches can be controlled to be in microsecond order in the circuit, so that the high-voltage discharge switches are turned on or off one by one, the delay time characteristic of the high-voltage discharge switch is shorter than the action delay time of the existing ordinary mechanical triggered high-voltage discharge switch, and the free-fall triggered three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch has better application prospect in engineering application.
According to the free-fall triggered three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch and the discharge method, the trigger delay time can be accurately controlled, the trigger delay time precision can reach the microsecond level, and the free-fall triggered three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch and the discharge method are mainly applied to the field of high-voltage discharge.
Claims (6)
1. A free-fall triggered three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch comprises a positive electrode (1), a negative electrode (2) and a trigger electrode (4); the method is characterized in that:
the device also comprises an electromagnetic relay (3);
the positive electrode (1) and the negative electrode (2) are horizontally arranged side by side and coaxially and fixedly arranged, and a discharge gap is arranged between the positive electrode and the negative electrode;
the electromagnetic relay (3) is fixedly arranged above the discharge gap;
the trigger electrode (4) is adsorbed on the lower end face of the electromagnetic relay (3) by utilizing the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic relay (3), and the trigger electrode (4) is positioned right above the discharge gap;
the trigger electrode (4) is made of ferromagnetic materials, and the width dimension of the trigger electrode along the direction of the connecting line of the center of the positive electrode (1) and the center of the negative electrode (2) is smaller than the dimension of the discharge gap.
2. The free-fall triggered three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the distance between the lower end surface of the trigger electrode (4) and the connecting line of the center of the positive electrode (1) and the center of the negative electrode (2) is positively correlated with the trigger delay time and the charging voltage of the high-voltage discharge switch;
the distance between the lower end surface of the trigger electrode (4) and the connecting line of the center of the positive electrode (1) and the center of the negative electrode (2) is in micron order of processing precision error.
3. The free-fall triggered three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch according to claim 2, characterized in that:
also comprises a shell (5);
the positive electrode (1), the negative electrode (2) and the electromagnetic relay (3) are all fixed on the shell (5).
4. The free-fall triggered three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch according to claim 3, characterized in that: the size of the discharge gap is positively correlated with the charging voltage of the high-voltage discharge switch.
5. A discharging method based on the free-fall triggered three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch of any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: by controlling the electromagnetic relay (3), the trigger electrode (4) is adsorbed on the lower end face of the electromagnetic relay (3) by utilizing the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic relay (3);
step 2: the current of the electromagnetic relay (3) is controlled to be switched off, so that the trigger electrode (4) starts to move in a free falling body;
and step 3: the trigger electrode (4) breaks down the positive electrode (1) and the negative electrode (2) through the discharge gap, so that the trigger time-delay discharge of the high-voltage discharge switch is realized.
6. The discharge method according to claim 5, wherein: and 3, the time of triggering delay is realized by adjusting the distance from the lower end surface of the trigger electrode (4) to the connecting line of the center of the positive electrode (1) and the center of the negative electrode (2).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010635874.XA CN111711077B (en) | 2020-07-03 | 2020-07-03 | Free-fall triggered microsecond-level three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch and discharge method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010635874.XA CN111711077B (en) | 2020-07-03 | 2020-07-03 | Free-fall triggered microsecond-level three-electrode high-voltage discharge switch and discharge method |
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| CN111711077A true CN111711077A (en) | 2020-09-25 |
| CN111711077B CN111711077B (en) | 2022-07-08 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112735910A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-30 | 重庆理工大学 | Gap-adjustable three-electrode high-voltage switch based on thermal deformation of bimetallic strip |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4594532A (en) * | 1984-06-15 | 1986-06-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Multimegavolt high current switch |
| CN102163805A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-08-24 | 中国人民解放军理工大学 | Remote high-voltage pulse nanosecond switch applying insulating oil |
| CN106099646A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2016-11-09 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of electromagnetic pulse simulator is with automatically controlled span-adjustable gas spark switch |
-
2020
- 2020-07-03 CN CN202010635874.XA patent/CN111711077B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4594532A (en) * | 1984-06-15 | 1986-06-10 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Multimegavolt high current switch |
| CN102163805A (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2011-08-24 | 中国人民解放军理工大学 | Remote high-voltage pulse nanosecond switch applying insulating oil |
| CN106099646A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2016-11-09 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of electromagnetic pulse simulator is with automatically controlled span-adjustable gas spark switch |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112735910A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-30 | 重庆理工大学 | Gap-adjustable three-electrode high-voltage switch based on thermal deformation of bimetallic strip |
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