CN111705270A - Preparation method of 800 MPa-grade low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel - Google Patents
Preparation method of 800 MPa-grade low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN111705270A CN111705270A CN202010666090.3A CN202010666090A CN111705270A CN 111705270 A CN111705270 A CN 111705270A CN 202010666090 A CN202010666090 A CN 202010666090A CN 111705270 A CN111705270 A CN 111705270A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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- C21D2211/002—Bainite
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- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of 800 MPa-grade low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel, which comprises the steps of heating, descaling, rough rolling, finish rolling and pre-straightening a plate blank obtained by continuous casting to obtain a steel plate; the slab comprises the following chemical components, by mass, 0.08-0.12% of C, 1.1-1.4% of Mn, 0.02-0.04% of Nb, 0.01-0.03% of Ti, 0.2-0.5% of Cr, 0.1-0.3% of Mo, 0.0015-0.003% of B; in the pre-straightening, the biting speed is 0.5-0.8 m/s; and carrying out online water cooling, air cooling and tempering on the steel plate to obtain the low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel. According to the quenching device, the hot-rolled steel plate is directly quenched without being cooled and then reheated, so that the utilization of waste heat of the steel plate is realized, energy is saved, and the production cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel rolling, and particularly relates to a preparation method of 800 MPa-grade low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel.
Background
The low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel belongs to high-strength welding structural steel, is generally 8-120 mm in thickness, and can be widely applied to the fields of coal mine machinery, engineering machinery and the like. In order to ensure the strength of products, the low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel is generally delivered in a quenched and tempered state. The conventional production process comprises the steps of heating a casting blank obtained by continuous casting through a heating furnace, dephosphorizing, rolling, cooling a steel plate, quenching the steel plate off line and tempering the steel plate. The hot rolled steel plate is directly quenched on line, the waste heat of the rolled steel plate can be fully utilized, but the shape of the low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel plate is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of 800 MPa-grade low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel, which aims to solve the problem of poor shape of the low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel plate caused by direct on-line quenching of the rolled steel plate.
The invention realizes the purpose through the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a preparation method of 800 MPa-grade low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel, which comprises the following steps,
heating, descaling, rough rolling, finish rolling and pre-straightening a plate blank obtained by continuous casting to obtain a steel plate; the slab comprises the following chemical components, by mass, 0.08-0.12% of C, 1.1-1.4% of Mn, 0.02-0.04% of Nb, 0.01-0.03% of Ti, 0.2-0.5% of Cr, 0.1-0.3% of Mo, 0.0015-0.003% of B; in the pre-straightening, the biting speed is 0.5-0.8 m/s;
and carrying out online water cooling, air cooling and tempering on the steel plate to obtain the low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel.
Further, the heating temperature is 1160-1200 ℃, and the heating time is 240-300 min.
Furthermore, in the descaling, the pressure of the descaling water is 20.5-23.5 MPa.
Further, the finish rolling starting temperature is 860-900 ℃, and the finish rolling finishing temperature is 800-840 ℃.
Further, in the online water cooling, the water inlet temperature of the steel plate is 760-800 ℃, the final cooling temperature is 200-300 ℃, and the online water cooling rate is 25-30 ℃/min.
Further, in the air cooling, the final cooling temperature is 50-300 ℃, and the air cooling rate is 0.5-5 ℃/min.
Further, the tempering temperature is 550-650 ℃, and the tempering time t is (1.5-2) x h, wherein h is the thickness of the low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel, and the thickness of the low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel is 16-30 mm.
Furthermore, the microstructure of the low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel comprises bainite, martensite and ferrite, the volume fraction of the martensite is 60-70%, the volume fraction of the bainite is 20-30%, and the volume fraction of the ferrite is 5-10%.
The beneficial effects of the invention at least comprise:
the invention provides a preparation method of 800 MPa-grade low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel, which comprises the steps of heating, descaling, rough rolling, finish rolling and pre-straightening a plate blank obtained by continuous casting to obtain a steel plate; the slab comprises the following chemical components, by mass, 0.08-0.12% of C, 1.1-1.4% of Mn, 0.02-0.04% of Nb, 0.01-0.03% of Ti, 0.2-0.5% of Cr, 0.1-0.3% of Mo, 0.0015-0.003% of B; in the pre-straightening, the biting speed is 0.5-0.8 m/s; and carrying out online water cooling, air cooling and tempering on the steel plate to obtain the low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel. The invention carries out online water cooling and quenching and tempering treatment on the steel plate with heat after finish rolling without taking the steel plate off line, and the direct online water cooling can cause the poor shape of the steel plate, so that the specific pre-straightening treatment is carried out before the online water cooling, the head and tail warping and the wave of the rolled steel plate can be further improved, and meanwhile, on the premise of ensuring that the low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel has good strength, the waste heat of the hot-rolled steel plate is utilized, and the high-efficiency utilization of energy is realized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a process step diagram of a preparation method of 800MPa grade low temperature resistant high strength steel in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and examples, and the advantages and various effects of the present invention will be more clearly apparent therefrom. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that these specific embodiments and examples are for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specifically noted, terms used herein should be understood as having meanings as commonly used in the art. Accordingly, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. If there is a conflict, the present specification will control.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by existing methods.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention has the following general idea:
the embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of 800 MPa-grade low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel, and figure 1 is a process step diagram of the preparation method of the 800 MPa-grade low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel, and the method comprises the following steps,
s1, heating, descaling, rough rolling, finish rolling and pre-straightening the plate blank obtained by continuous casting to obtain a steel plate;
the slab comprises the following chemical components, by mass, 0.08-0.12% of C, 1.1-1.4% of Mn, 0.02-0.04% of Nb, 0.01-0.03% of Ti, 0.2-0.5% of Cr, 0.1-0.3% of Mo, and 0.0015-0.003% of B.
The Cr has the main functions of improving the hardenability and the strength of the steel in the quenched and tempered structural steel, so that the steel has better comprehensive mechanical properties after quenching and tempering; mo can improve hardenability and heat strength in steel and prevent temper brittleness; ti can improve the plasticity and the toughness in the low alloy steel; the trace amount of Nb can improve the strength of the steel under the condition of not influencing the plasticity or the toughness of the steel, and can improve the impact toughness of the steel and reduce the brittle transition temperature of the steel due to the effect of grain refinement; mn strongly increases the hardenability of the steel and forms MnS with a higher melting point with S, so that the hot brittleness phenomenon caused by FeS can be prevented; by adding a certain content of B element, the hardenability of the steel plate can be improved, and the martensite and bainite structures can be ensured to be obtained. The alloy can effectively improve the mechanical properties of the steel plate in quenching and tempering states.
Further, the heating temperature is 1160-1200 ℃, and the heating time is 240-300 min.
The slab is completely burnt through heating, so that the slab can realize rough rolling in a recrystallization area and finish rolling in a non-recrystallization area, and crystal grains are refined in a rolling stage.
Further, the descaling pressure is 20.5-23.5 MPa. And after descaling, removing iron scales generated on the surface of the plate blank in the heating process, and preventing the surface quality of the steel plate from being influenced by defects in the rolling process. If the descaling pressure is too small, the scale on the surface of the plate blank can not be completely removed, and defects such as pits, scale pressing and the like can occur; if the descaling pressure is too high, energy waste can be caused.
The thickness of the intermediate billet obtained after rough rolling is 2-2.5 times of that of the low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel, so that the compression ratio distribution requirement of the rough rolling and finish rolling stages can be ensured, and meanwhile, the load distribution of a rough rolling mill and a finish rolling mill can be reasonably distributed.
Further, the finish rolling starting temperature is 860-900 ℃, and the finish rolling finishing temperature is 800-840 ℃.
In the low-temperature-resistant conventional rolling, an offline quenching process is adopted, the finish rolling temperature is generally below 800 ℃, and the temperature of the finish rolling is higher than that of the conventional rolling, so that the temperature drop caused by a pre-straightening process is offset.
Further, in the pre-straightening, the biting speed is 0.5 to 0.8 m/s.
The biting speed cannot be too fast, otherwise, the effect of improving the plate shape is not obvious, the biting speed cannot be too slow, otherwise, the temperature drop is too large, and the production efficiency is low.
And S2, carrying out on-line water cooling, air cooling and tempering on the steel plate to obtain the low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel.
The low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel is high-strength welded structural steel, is widely applied to coal mine machinery and engineering machinery, such as hydraulic supports, port cranes, flat-bed transport vehicles and the like, and is required to have low-temperature resistance and high strength.
Further, in the online water cooling, the water inlet temperature of the steel plate is 760-800 ℃, the final cooling temperature is 200-300 ℃, and the online water cooling rate is 25-30 ℃/min.
The online water cooling adopts a cooling mode of UFC + ACC, wherein the UFC is ultra-fast cooling, the ACC is laminar cooling, the online water cooling is carried out in a cooler, the straightening speed in the cooler is 1-1.2 m/s, the online water cooling can fully utilize the waste heat of the steel plate, the heating time and the heat are saved, the dislocation of the rolled steel plate can be reserved through the online water cooling, and compared with an offline quenching process, the strength of the online quenched steel plate can be improved. If the water entry temperature of the steel sheet is too low, proeutectoid ferrite precipitates to reduce the strength of the steel sheet, and if the water entry temperature is too high, a relatively large thermal stress is generated due to an excessive temperature drop in the cooler, thereby affecting the shape of the sheet after water cooling. If the cooling rate and the finish cooling temperature during cooling do not fall within the above ranges, the steel sheet after water cooling does not have a predetermined bainite/martensite structure, and bainite and martensite are hard, such as bainite and martensite having a low volume fraction, and the low temperature resistance is lowered.
Further, in the air cooling, the final cooling temperature is 50-300 ℃, and the air cooling rate is 0.5-5 ℃/min.
The application adopts a lower air cooling rate, so that the phase change stress and the thermal stress generated under a higher cooling rate condition during the water cooling of the previous step are homogenized, and the good final plate shape is favorably controlled.
Further, the tempering temperature is 550-650 ℃, and the tempering time t is (1.5-2) x h, wherein h is the thickness of the low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel, and the thickness of the low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel is 16-30 mm.
The tempering mainly eliminates the stress generated during the quenching of the steel piece, so that the steel piece has high hardness and wear resistance, required plasticity, toughness and the like. And the matching of the strength and toughness of the final steel plate and the stable physical dimension are realized through higher tempering temperature and proper tempering time.
Furthermore, the microstructure of the low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel comprises bainite, martensite and ferrite, the volume fraction of the martensite is 60-70%, the volume fraction of the bainite is 20-30%, and the volume fraction of the ferrite is 5-10%.
The low temperature resistant high strength steel contains martensite and bainite structures and a small amount of ferrite after the above treatment. The volume fraction of martensite is 60-70%, the martensite structure cannot be too much, too much can influence the impact toughness of the low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel, and too little can reduce the strength. The volume fraction of the bainite is 20-30%, and the bainite structure plays a role in balancing strength and toughness in the low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel. The volume fraction of ferrite is 5-10%, and the ferrite plays a role in improving toughness in low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel.
The invention provides a preparation method of low-temperature-resistant hot-rolled high-strength steel, which is characterized in that a steel plate is not off-line after rolling is finished, water-cooling quenching is carried out on line, the waste heat of the rolled steel plate is fully utilized, the production cost is reduced, the energy-saving advantage is achieved, the production rhythm is fast, and the delivery cycle can be shortened by one week; after finish rolling, pre-straightening is carried out before online water cooling, so that the problem of poor plate shape caused by quenching can be solved; the high-precision rolling temperature is adopted, so that the temperature drop caused by pre-straightening can be compensated; the low-carbon composition design is adopted, and a proper amount of Mn, Cr, Mo, Nb and Ti alloy elements are added, so that the strengthening effect is exerted, the hardenability of the steel is improved, the structure of the quenched steel plate is guaranteed to be bainite and martensite, and the yield strength and tensile strength of the low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel are improved.
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
Examples 1 to 4 provide a method for preparing 800MPa grade low temperature resistant high strength steel, which comprises,
and S1, heating, descaling, rough rolling, finish rolling and pre-straightening the plate blank obtained by continuous casting to obtain a steel plate, wherein the chemical components of the plate blank are shown in Table 1.
And S2, carrying out on-line water cooling, air cooling and tempering on the steel plate to obtain the low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel.
The process control of the preparation process is shown in tables 2 and 3, and the fibrous structure of the low temperature resistant high strength steel and the volume fraction of the fibrous structure thereof are shown in table 4.
TABLE 1
Note: the slabs provided in examples 1 to 4 of the present invention had chemical compositions except for the chemical compositions mentioned in table 1, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
TABLE 2
TABLE 3
TABLE 4
Item | Martensite content% | Bainitic content of | Ferrite content% |
Example 1 | 65 | 25 | 10 |
Example 2 | 68 | 22 | 10 |
Example 3 | 62 | 28 | 10 |
Example 4 | 70 | 24 | 6 |
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 provides a method for preparing 800MPa grade low temperature resistant high strength steel, which comprises,
and S1, heating, descaling, rough rolling and finish rolling the plate blank obtained by continuous casting to obtain a steel plate.
And S2, performing offline air cooling on the steel plate, and then sequentially performing heating, water cooling, air cooling and tempering to obtain the low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel.
Wherein the heating temperature is 900 ℃, the water cooling temperature is 100 ℃, the water cooling speed is 30 ℃/s, the tempering temperature is 650 ℃, and the tempering time is 60 min.
The properties and plate shapes of the low temperature resistant high strength steels prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1 were measured, and the energy consumption was recorded, with the results shown in table 5.
TABLE 5
The low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel prepared in the embodiments 1 to 4 is qualified in tensile strength, yield strength, elongation percentage, -20 ℃ impact energy and cold bending, and basically has the same level with the indexes of the comparative example 1, and the energy consumption is reduced to be lower than 567 kg standard coal/ton steel from 630 kg standard coal/ton steel.
Finally, it should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of 800 MPa-grade low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel is characterized by comprising the following steps of,
heating, descaling, rough rolling, finish rolling and pre-straightening a plate blank obtained by continuous casting to obtain a steel plate; the slab comprises the following chemical components, by mass, 0.08-0.12% of C, 1.1-1.4% of Mn, 0.02-0.04% of Nb, 0.01-0.03% of Ti, 0.2-0.5% of Cr, 0.1-0.3% of Mo, 0.0015-0.003% of B; in the pre-straightening, the biting speed is 0.5-0.8 m/s;
and carrying out online water cooling, air cooling and tempering on the steel plate to obtain the low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel.
2. The preparation method of the 800MPa grade low temperature resistant high strength steel according to claim 1, wherein the heating temperature is 1160-1200 ℃, and the heating time is 240-300 min.
3. The preparation method of the 800 MPa-grade low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the descaling, the pressure of descaling water is 20.5-23.5 MPa.
4. The preparation method of the 800MPa grade low temperature resistant high strength steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the finish rolling start temperature is 860-900 ℃, and the finish rolling finish temperature is 800-840 ℃.
5. The preparation method of the 800 MPa-grade low-temperature-resistant high-strength steel as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the online water cooling, the water inlet temperature of the steel plate is 760-800 ℃, the final cooling temperature is 200-300 ℃, and the online water cooling rate is 25-30 ℃/min.
6. The method for preparing the 800MPa grade low temperature resistant high strength steel according to claim 1, wherein in the air cooling, the final cooling temperature is 50-300 ℃, and the air cooling rate is 0.5-5 ℃/min.
7. The preparation method of the 800MPa grade low temperature resistant high strength steel according to claim 1, wherein the tempering temperature is 550-650 ℃, and the tempering time t is t ═ (1.5-2) x h, wherein h is the thickness of the low temperature resistant high strength steel, and the thickness of the low temperature resistant high strength steel is 16-30 mm.
8. The method for preparing the 800MPa grade low temperature resistant high strength steel according to claim 1, wherein the microstructure of the low temperature resistant high strength steel is bainite, martensite and ferrite, the volume fraction of the martensite is 60-70%, the volume fraction of the bainite is 20-30%, and the volume fraction of the ferrite is 5-10%.
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CN110257612A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-09-20 | 首钢集团有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of low residual stress low alloy high strength steel plate |
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CN114058814A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-02-18 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Preparation method of NM400 wear-resistant steel with high hardness uniformity |
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