CN111701402A - System and process for recovering waste heat at top of carbon dioxide capturing and regenerating tower - Google Patents
System and process for recovering waste heat at top of carbon dioxide capturing and regenerating tower Download PDFInfo
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- CN111701402A CN111701402A CN202010586659.5A CN202010586659A CN111701402A CN 111701402 A CN111701402 A CN 111701402A CN 202010586659 A CN202010586659 A CN 202010586659A CN 111701402 A CN111701402 A CN 111701402A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
- B01D53/1475—Removing carbon dioxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1425—Regeneration of liquid absorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
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Abstract
A carbon dioxide capturing regeneration tower top waste heat recovery system and a process belong to the technical field of regeneration tower waste heat recovery. The system utilizes the heat absorption and release properties of a lithium bromide solution and takes the lithium bromide solution as a heat transfer medium to successfully collect and apply the part of heat. The method mainly comprises the following steps: the system comprises a regeneration tower, a regeneration gas outlet, an evaporator, a generator, a gas-liquid separator, a solution booster pump, a solution heat exchanger, an absorber, a condenser, a refrigerant pump, a water drum, a spray pump, a gas-water separator, a pressure regulating valve, a boiler external steam pipeline and a solution boiler. The regeneration gas energy of more than 100 ℃ can be converted into the water vapor energy of 144 ℃ so as to be utilized in the solution boiler.
Description
Technical Field
A carbon dioxide capturing regeneration tower top waste heat recovery system and a process belong to the technical field of regeneration tower waste heat recovery.
Background
In the last two decades, global warming and greenhouse effect have been spotlighted by people, and carbon dioxide capture and sequestration technology has become a hot topic internationally. CO capture by chemical absorption2The main disadvantage of the technology is the high energy consumption of the capture system in order to reduce CO2Energy consumption is captured and CO is reduced2Trapping cost, and domestic and foreign scholars are continuously optimizing and developing the existing process to develop new CO2And (4) a trapping regeneration process.
CO2The collected rich liquid can enter a regeneration tower to remove CO in the rich liquid2Collecting to produce CO2Product gas, and CO removal2The lean solution of the absorbent returns to the absorption tower to continuously absorb CO2. Wherein CO is removed from the top of the regenerator2Often, the residual heat is higher, and is generally higher than 100 ℃, so that a large amount of energy is wasted, and a proper process is urgently needed to collect and utilize the energy.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: overcomes the defects of the prior art, and provides a carbon dioxide capturing and regenerating tower top waste heat recovery energy-saving system and process which can continuously run and do not influence the original carbon dioxide capturing and regenerating process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a carbon dioxide capture regenerator column top waste heat recovery system includes: the system comprises a regeneration tower, an evaporator, a generator, a gas-liquid separator, a solution booster pump, an absorber, a condenser, a refrigerant pump, a water drum, a spray pump, a gas-water separator, a pressure regulating valve, a boiler external steam pipeline and a solution boiler.
The regeneration gas outlet is arranged at the top of the regeneration tower, is communicated with the gas-liquid separator through a pipeline, and sequentially passes through the evaporator and the generator on the way; the evaporator is respectively communicated with the bottom of the condenser through a refrigerant pump by a pipeline and communicated with the top of the absorber through a pipeline; the generator is internally provided with a lithium bromide water solution which shares a bin with the condenser and is separated by two clapboards, so that the internal steam flows from the generator to the condenser in a zigzag shape, and the lower part of the generator is communicated with a gas-water separator through a solution booster pump by a pipeline; the upper part of the generator is communicated with the bottom of the absorber through a pipeline and a spray pump; a water bag is arranged in the absorber, and the upper part and the lower part of the water bag are respectively communicated with the gas-water separator through pipelines; the gas-water separator is communicated with the solution boiler through a steam pipeline outside the boiler, and a pressure regulating valve is arranged on the steam pipeline outside the boiler.
Preferably, the device also comprises an air cooler, and a pipeline from the regenerated gas outlet is connected with the gas-liquid separator through the air cooler.
Preferably, a circulating water line is arranged in the condenser.
Preferably, the pipeline at the lower part of the water bag is provided with a water replenishing hole which can replenish water from the outside. Because the heat carried by the water vapor continuously runs off, a more convenient water replenishing method is needed.
Preferably, the device also comprises a solution heat exchanger, the lower pipeline of the generator is communicated with the gas-water separator through the solution booster pump and the solution heat exchanger in sequence, and the upper part of the generator is communicated with the bottom of the absorber through the solution heat exchanger and the spray pump in sequence. The tubes from the lower portion of the absorber and the lower portion of the generator in the solution heat exchanger are interleaved to increase the heat exchange efficiency.
Because the dilute solution of lithium bromide has been cooled off in the absorber, the temperature is lower, in order to save the heat of heating dilute solution, improves the thermal efficiency of whole device, has increased a solution heat exchanger in the system, lets the high temperature concentrated solution that the generator flows out carry out the heat exchange with the dilute solution of low temperature that the absorber flows out, improves the temperature that dilute solution got into the generator, makes dilute solution get into the generator and can be faster begin the heat absorption and volatilize.
A carbon dioxide capture regeneration tower top waste heat recovery process is characterized in that:
the regenerated gas analyzed from the regeneration tower passes through a regenerated gas outlet at the top of the regeneration tower, is subjected to heat exchange with water in an evaporator, then passes through a generator, is subjected to heat exchange with a lithium bromide aqueous solution, enters an air cooler for cooling, then enters a gas-liquid separator for gas-liquid separator separation to obtain a product gasCO2(ii) a After the lithium bromide water solution in the generator is heated by the regeneration gas flowing out from the regeneration gas outlet, the water in the solution is continuously vaporized; along with the continuous vaporization of water, the concentration of the lithium bromide aqueous solution in the generator is continuously increased, the lithium bromide aqueous solution is pressurized by a bottom solution pump and then enters an absorber after passing through a solution heat exchanger; the water vapor generated by the lithium bromide water solution in the generator enters the condenser through the zigzag flow channel for heat exchange and condensation, the condensed water is conveyed to the evaporator by the refrigerant pump for circulation, and the water in the evaporator absorbs a large amount of heat of the regenerated gas in the gasification process, so that the aim of cooling the regenerated gas flowing in from the regenerated gas outlet is fulfilled; in the process, water vapor generated in the evaporator enters the absorber, is absorbed by the concentrated lithium bromide water solution in the absorber and releases a large amount of heat, water drum in the absorber is heated to form high-temperature steam, and meanwhile, the concentration of the lithium bromide solution in the absorber is gradually reduced and then is sent back to the generator after passing through the solution heat exchanger by the spray pump, thus completing the whole cycle. High-temperature steam generated in the water drum enters a gas-liquid separator for gas-liquid separation, is subjected to pressure regulation by a pressure regulating valve, and is converged into a steam pipeline outside the boiler for heating solution in the solution boiler, and lost steam is supplemented into the water drum through a water supplementing hole in the whole process.
Preferably, the pressure regulating valve regulates the steam pressure to 0.3 Mpa. The pressure regulation can accelerate the steam circulation speed to prevent heat loss, and can also make the heating power in the solution boiler constant, so that the solution boiler is in a constant temperature state.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: latent heat of the water vapor part in the regeneration gas is successfully extracted, the waste heat of the regeneration gas at the top of the original regeneration tower is enriched and utilized, and water vapor which can be used for heating the solution boiler is obtained, so that the part of heat is applied to the solution boiler; the whole system can realize continuous circulating heat supply without interruption, and the operation of the original carbon dioxide capturing and regenerating system is not influenced; no other carbon emission or pollutant generation, energy saving, reduced heat supply carbon emission, environmental protection and energy saving.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system and process for recovering waste heat at the top of a carbon dioxide capture regeneration tower.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a waste heat recovery system at the top of a carbon dioxide capture regeneration tower in embodiment 2 of the present application.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a carbon dioxide capture regeneration tower top waste heat recovery system in embodiment 3 of the present application.
Wherein, 1 regeneration tower, 2 regeneration gas outlet, 3 evaporator, 4 generator, 5 air cooler, 6 gas-liquid separator, 7 solution booster pump, 8 solution heat exchanger, 9 absorber, 10 condenser, 11 refrigerant pump, 12 water drum, 13 spray pump, 14 gas-water separator, 15 pressure regulating valve, 16 boiler external steam pipeline, 17 solution boiler, 18 circulating water pipeline, 19 water filling hole.
FIG. 3 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which is further described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the carbon dioxide capture regeneration tower top heat recovery system comprises: the system comprises a regeneration tower 1, a regeneration gas outlet 2, an evaporator 3, a generator 4, an air cooler 5, a gas-liquid separator 6, a solution booster pump 7, an absorber 9, a condenser 10, a refrigerant pump 11, a water drum 12, a spray pump 13, a gas-water separator 14, a pressure regulating valve 15, a boiler external steam pipeline 16, a solution boiler 17 and a water replenishing hole 19.
The regeneration gas outlet 2 is arranged at the top of the regeneration tower 1 and is communicated with a gas-liquid separator 6 through a pipeline, and the regeneration gas outlet passes through an evaporator 3 and a generator 4 in sequence on the way; the evaporator 3 is respectively communicated with the bottom of the condenser 10 by pipelines through a refrigerant pump 11 and is communicated with the top of the absorber 9 by pipelines; the generator 4 is internally provided with a lithium bromide water solution which shares a bin with the condenser 10 and is separated by two clapboards, so that the internal steam flows from the generator 4 to the condenser 10 in a zigzag shape, and the lower part of the generator 4 is communicated with a gas-water separator 14 through a solution booster pump 7 and a solution heat exchanger 8 in sequence by pipelines; the upper part of the generator 4 is communicated with the bottom of the absorber 9 through a pipeline and a spray pump 13; a water bag 12 is arranged in the absorber 9, the upper part and the lower part of the water bag 12 are respectively communicated with a gas-water separator 14 by pipelines, and the lower pipeline is provided with a water replenishing hole 19; the gas-water separator 14 is connected to a solution boiler 17 via a boiler external steam line 16 via a pressure regulating valve 15.
The temperature of the tower top regenerated gas analyzed from the regeneration tower 1 is 105 ℃, the regenerated gas passes through the regenerated gas outlet 2, firstly passes through the evaporator 3 to exchange heat with water, then passes through the generator 4 to exchange heat with the lithium bromide aqueous solution, the temperature after heat exchange is 95 ℃, and the CO after heat exchange is2Cooling in an air cooler 5 to 85 deg.C, and separating in a gas-liquid separator 6 to obtain CO product2。
After the lithium bromide water solution in the generator 4 is heated by the regeneration gas flowing out from the regeneration gas outlet, the water in the solution is continuously vaporized; along with the continuous vaporization of water, the concentration of the lithium bromide aqueous solution in the generator 4 is continuously increased, and the lithium bromide aqueous solution enters an absorber 9 after being pressurized by a bottom solution pump 7; the water vapor generated by the lithium bromide water solution in the generator 4 enters the condenser 10 to be condensed by the heat exchange of circulating water, and the condensed water is conveyed to the evaporator 3 by the refrigerant pump 11 to be circulated.
The water in the evaporator 3 absorbs a large amount of heat of the regeneration gas in the gasification process, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling the regeneration gas flowing in from the regeneration gas outlet 2; in the process, the water vapor generated in the evaporator 3 enters the absorber 9, is absorbed by the concentrated lithium bromide water solution in the absorber 9 and releases a large amount of heat, and heats the water drum 12 in the absorber 9 to form high-temperature steam.
Meanwhile, the concentration of the lithium bromide solution in the absorber 9 is gradually reduced, and then the lithium bromide solution is sent back to the generator 4 through the solution heat exchanger 8 by the spray pump 13, so that the whole cycle is completed.
After high-temperature steam generated in the water drum 12 enters the gas-liquid separator 14 for gas-liquid separation, the pressure is regulated to 0.3MPa through the pressure regulating valve 15, the steam circulation speed is accelerated, the heat loss is prevented, and the heating power in the solution boiler is constant. Into the boiler external steam line 16 for heating the solution in the solution boiler 17. Since the vapor carries heat to the solution boiler 17 continuously, a convenient method of refilling the water drum 12, i.e., the refill holes 19, is required.
The regeneration gas at the top of the regeneration tower is 105 ℃ gas containing about 40% of carbon dioxide and 60% of steam, the gas output is 370 tons/h, the water supplement amount of the water supplement hole 19 is about 10 tons/h, and the steam temperature at the pressure regulating valve 15 is 120 ℃, so that the heat supply efficiency of the whole system can be calculated as follows: 370 tons of regeneration gas at 105 ℃ can be converted into 21 tons of water vapor at 144 ℃ per hour, and the working temperature of the solution boiler can be met.
Example 2
The carbon dioxide capture regeneration overhead waste heat recovery system and process is shown in fig. 2, where a recycle water line 18 is installed in the condenser, as compared to example 1.
The temperature of the steam in the condenser 10 is reduced by a circulating water line 18, and finally the temperature of the steam at the pressure regulating valve 15 is 120 ℃, but the water replenishing amount of the water replenishing hole 19 per hour is about 21 tons/h, namely: more heat can be transferred to the boiler in the same time, the temperature of the solution boiler is more stable, and the heat transfer efficiency of the whole system is high.
Example 3
A carbon dioxide capture regeneration overhead waste heat recovery system and process, as shown in FIG. 3, wherein, in comparison with example 2, a solution heat exchanger 8 is installed on the lower line of the absorber 9 and the lower line of the generator 4, and two lines from the lower part of the absorber 9 and the lower part of the generator 4 are staggered in the solution heat exchanger 8.
Because the lithium bromide dilute solution has been cooled in the absorber 9, the temperature is lower, in order to save the heat for heating the dilute solution, improve the thermal efficiency of the whole device, a solution heat exchanger 8 has been added in the system, in the solution heat exchanger 8, the pipeline from the lower part of the absorber 9 and the lower part of the generator 4 is interlaced and woven to enlarge the heat exchange efficiency, the heat energy of the high-temperature concentrated solution in the pipeline is fully utilized, the high-temperature concentrated solution flowing out of the generator 4 and the low-temperature dilute solution flowing out of the absorber 9 are subjected to heat exchange, and the temperature of the dilute solution entering the generator 4 is improved.
Finally, the steam temperature at the pressure regulating valve 15 is 144 ℃, the water replenishing amount of the water replenishing hole 19 per hour is about 21 tons/h, and the temperature and the amount of the steam output in the same time are greatly improved. The temperature of the solution boiler is stable, and the overall heat transfer efficiency of the system is higher.
Example 4
The carbon dioxide capturing regeneration tower top waste heat recovery system and the process are regulated to 0.4 MPa through a pressure regulating valve 15 as shown in figure 1.
Finally, the steam temperature at the pressure regulating valve 15 is 121 ℃, the water replenishing quantity of the water replenishing hole 19 per hour is 23 tons, and the water demand rises.
The foregoing is directed to preferred embodiments of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a carbon dioxide entrapment regeneration top of tower waste heat recovery system which characterized in that: comprises a regeneration tower (1), an evaporator (3), a generator (4), a gas-liquid separator (6), an absorber (9), a condenser (10), a water drum (12), a gas-water separator (14), a pressure regulating valve (15) and a solution boiler (17);
a regeneration gas outlet (2) at the top of the regeneration tower (1) is communicated to a gas-liquid separator (6) through a pipeline, and an evaporator (3) and a generator (4) are sequentially arranged between the regeneration gas outlet (2) and the gas-liquid separator (6); the evaporator (3) is respectively communicated with the bottom of the condenser (10) through a refrigerant pump (11) by pipelines and is communicated with the top of the absorber (9) by pipelines; the generator (4) is internally provided with a lithium bromide aqueous solution, the generator (4) and the condenser (10) share one empty bin, the interior of the generator is divided into a zigzag flow channel by two clapboards, and the lower part of the generator (4) is communicated with a gas-water separator (14) through a solution booster pump (7) by a pipeline; the upper part of the generator (4) is communicated with the bottom of the absorber (9) through a pipeline by a spray pump (13); a water drum (12) is arranged in the absorber (9), and the upper part and the lower part of the water drum (12) are respectively communicated with a gas-water separator (14) through pipelines; the gas-water separator (14) is communicated with the solution boiler (17) through a boiler external steam pipeline (16), and a pressure regulating valve (15) is arranged on the boiler external steam pipeline (16).
2. The carbon dioxide capture regeneration overhead waste heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises an air cooler (5), and a pipeline from the regenerated gas outlet (2) is connected with an air-liquid separator (6) through the air cooler (5).
3. The carbon dioxide capture regeneration overhead waste heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein: a circulating water pipeline (18) is arranged in the condenser (10).
4. The carbon dioxide capture regeneration overhead waste heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein: the pipeline at the lower part of the water drum (12) is provided with a water replenishing hole (19).
5. The carbon dioxide capture regeneration overhead waste heat recovery system of claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a solution heat exchanger (8), the lower pipeline of the generator (4) is communicated with a gas-water separator (14) through a solution booster pump (7) and the solution heat exchanger (8) in sequence, and the upper part of the generator (4) is communicated with the bottom of the absorber (9) through the solution heat exchanger (8) and the spray pump (13) in sequence.
6. The waste heat recovery process of the waste heat recovery system at the top of the carbon dioxide capturing and regenerating tower, which is disclosed by any one of claims 1 to 5, is characterized in that: the tower top regenerated gas analyzed from the regeneration tower (1) passes through a regenerated gas outlet (2), firstly passes through an evaporator (3) to exchange heat with water, and then passes through a generator (4) to exchange heat with a lithium bromide aqueous solution; the regenerated gas after heat exchange enters an air cooler (5) for cooling, the cooled regenerated gas enters a gas-liquid separator (6) for gas-liquid separation, and product gas CO is obtained after separation2；
After the lithium bromide water solution in the generator (4) is heated by the regeneration gas flowing out from the regeneration gas outlet, the water in the solution is continuously vaporized; along with the continuous vaporization of water, the concentration of the lithium bromide aqueous solution in the generator (4) is continuously increased, the lithium bromide aqueous solution is pressurized by a bottom solution pump (7), and then enters an absorber (9) after heat exchange by a solution heat exchanger (8); steam generated by a lithium bromide aqueous solution in the generator (4) enters a condenser (10) and is condensed by circulating water heat exchange, wherein the condensed water is conveyed to the evaporator (3) by a refrigerant pump (11) for circulation;
the water in the evaporator (3) absorbs a large amount of heat of the regeneration gas in the gasification process, in the process, the water vapor generated in the evaporator (3) enters the absorber (9), is absorbed by the concentrated lithium bromide water solution in the absorber (9) and emits a large amount of heat, and heats the water drum (12) in the absorber (9) to form high-temperature steam; meanwhile, the lithium bromide solution in the absorber (9) is sent back to the generator (4) through the solution heat exchanger (8) by a spray pump (13);
high-temperature steam generated in the water drum (12) enters a gas-water separator (14) for gas-liquid separation, then flows into a steam pipeline (16) outside the boiler after passing through a pressure regulating valve (15) and is used for heating solution in a solution boiler (17).
7. The waste heat recovery process of the carbon dioxide capture regeneration tower top waste heat recovery system according to claim 6, characterized in that: the pressure regulating valve (15) regulates the steam pressure to 0.3 MPa.
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| CN202010586659.5A CN111701402A (en) | 2020-06-24 | 2020-06-24 | System and process for recovering waste heat at top of carbon dioxide capturing and regenerating tower |
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| CN202010586659.5A CN111701402A (en) | 2020-06-24 | 2020-06-24 | System and process for recovering waste heat at top of carbon dioxide capturing and regenerating tower |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023219513A1 (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2023-11-16 | Gude Gudesen Hans | Gas separation method and system |
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| WO2023219513A1 (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2023-11-16 | Gude Gudesen Hans | Gas separation method and system |
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