CN111697257B - Integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device and method - Google Patents
Integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111697257B CN111697257B CN202010414085.3A CN202010414085A CN111697257B CN 111697257 B CN111697257 B CN 111697257B CN 202010414085 A CN202010414085 A CN 202010414085A CN 111697257 B CN111697257 B CN 111697257B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/065—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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Abstract
The invention discloses an integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device and a method, wherein the integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device comprises a fuel cell assembly, a fuel box, a hydrogen production box, a water inlet joint, a water pump and an electromagnetic safety valve; the device and the method have the advantages of safety, high efficiency, stable hydrogen production, convenient fuel replacement, small volume, light weight and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of portable power supplies, and relates to an integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device and method.
Background
In modern society, miniaturized and mobile electric and electronic devices are increasingly popularized, and the demand for mobile and portable power supplies is rapidly increasing, so that a safe, efficient, environment-friendly and portable power supply device is required.
The fuel cell is a power generation device with high efficiency, environmental protection, low noise and high specific energy, while the hydrogen energy is a clean, efficient, safe and sustainable secondary energy, and the hydrogen fuel cell taking the hydrogen as the power generation fuel has wide prospect in the field of mobile and portable power sources.
Hydrogen in nature is usually combined with other elements into a compound, and the hydrogen is required to be prepared by chemical, electrolytic and biological methods, and the prepared hydrogen is transported and stored. However, the above-mentioned hydrogen production method often depends on bulky and complex equipment, and has harmful by-products, which are difficult to be directly used for hydrogen fuel cells; high pressure or ultra-low temperature environments are often required during hydrogen storage and transportation, resulting in considerable energy loss, time consumption and investment costs.
Compared with a large power supply, the small mobile power supply has stronger fluidity and more various use environments, is easier to operate in an irregular way, and is easier to cause danger when the traditional high-pressure hydrogen cylinder is used. For example, when a soldier uses an individual power supply, the high-pressure hydrogen cylinder is violently impacted, and violent explosion is easy to occur.
In recent years, the hydrogen production method by on-site hydrolysis of alkaline metal hydride and borohydride has attracted more and more attention due to the characteristics of high hydrogen storage density, high safety, high hydrogen purity, low requirement on reaction conditions and the like, and is considered to be very suitable for serving as a hydrogen source of a small-sized mobile power supply.
At present, soldiers, policemen, workers and the like which move outdoors for a long time have strong demands on mobile/portable power supplies which can stably generate electricity for a long time, supply power as required and quickly supplement the electricity. The hydrogen production device is required to be capable of stably running all day long and producing hydrogen quantitatively according to requirements, the power supply is simple to operate, and the volume and the weight are reduced as much as possible.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device and method, and the device and method have the advantages of safety, high efficiency, stable hydrogen production, convenient fuel replacement, small volume, light weight and low cost.
In order to achieve the aim, the integrated field hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device comprises a fuel cell component, a fuel box, a hydrogen production box, a water inlet joint, a water pump and an electromagnetic safety valve;
the top opening part of the hydrogen production box is provided with a cavity cover, the fuel cell assembly is arranged on the wall surface of the hydrogen production box, the fuel box is positioned in the hydrogen production box, the cavity cover is provided with a water inlet connector, the inlet of the water inlet connector is communicated with the water outlet end of the water pump, the outlet of the water inlet connector is communicated with the water inlet of the fuel box, the wall surface of the hydrogen production box is provided with a pressure sensor and an air outlet connector, the air outlet connector is communicated with the electromagnetic safety valve, and the hydrogen outlet of the fuel box is communicated with the fuel cell assembly.
The fuel cell assembly comprises a supporting plate, a middle plate and a cover plate which are sequentially distributed in a laminated manner, wherein a plurality of cell clamping groove through holes are formed in the middle plate, a power generation unit is arranged in each cell clamping groove through hole, and each power generation unit comprises an anode gas diffusion layer, a cathode gas diffusion layer and a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly arranged between the anode gas diffusion layer and the cathode gas diffusion layer.
The upper surface of the supporting plate is provided with a plurality of anode current collecting layers, one of the anode current collecting layers corresponds to one power generation unit, each anode current collecting layer comprises an anode breathable region and an anode extension region surrounding the anode breathable region, an anode gas diffusion layer in each power generation unit is in contact with the anode breathable region in the corresponding anode current collecting layer, a plurality of hydrogen holes are formed in each anode breathable region, and hydrogen enters the anode gas diffusion layer in the corresponding power generation unit through the hydrogen holes;
the lower surface of the cover plate is provided with a plurality of cathode collector layers, one cathode collector layer corresponds to one power generation unit, each cathode collector layer comprises a cathode breathable area and a cathode extension area surrounding the cathode breathable area, a cathode gas diffusion layer in each power generation unit is in contact with the cathode breathable area in the corresponding cathode collector layer, a plurality of air/oxygen holes are formed in the cathode breathable area, and air/oxygen enters the cathode gas diffusion layer in the corresponding power generation unit through the air/oxygen holes.
A series current collector vertically penetrating through the middle plate is arranged between the through holes of the adjacent battery clamping grooves;
in the series current collectors between the adjacent battery card slot through holes, one end of each series current collector is in contact with the anode extension area in the anode current collecting layer corresponding to the power generating unit in one battery card slot through hole, and the other end of each series current collector is in contact with the cathode extension area in the cathode current collecting layer corresponding to the power generating unit in the other battery card slot through hole.
The fuel cell membrane electrode assembly comprises an active area and a sealing edge surrounding the active area, wherein one side of the sealing edge is adhered to an anode extension area in a corresponding anode current collecting layer, and the other side of the sealing edge is adhered to a cathode extension area in a corresponding cathode current collecting layer.
The cover plate is provided with an anode terminal connected with an anode current collecting layer in the first power generation unit and a cathode terminal connected with a cathode current collecting layer in the last power generation unit, wherein the cathode terminal is connected with a positive electrode joint of electric equipment, and the anode terminal is connected with a negative electrode joint of the electric equipment;
and a detection line is led out from the cathode collector layer.
The series current collector comprises a communicating area which is arranged in the middle plate and vertically penetrates through the middle plate and a contact area which is laid on the surface of the middle plate and is contacted with the anode current collecting layer and the cathode current collecting layer, and the communicating area is connected with the contact area.
The fuel box comprises a reaction chamber, a water distribution plate, a vertical liquid guide net bag, vertical liquid guide fiber cloth, fuel pieces, horizontal liquid guide fiber cloth, waterproof breathable cloth and a reaction cavity cover;
the reaction chamber is a cavity with an opening at the top, the inner side of the top of the reaction chamber is a stepped annular groove, the side wall of the reaction chamber is provided with a plurality of hydrogen outlet holes, and the hydrogen outlet holes are positioned below the annular groove and close to the bottom of the annular groove;
the water distribution plate is embedded in the annular groove and is provided with a plurality of strip-shaped clearance holes;
the vertical liquid guide net bag is an inverted-V-shaped cavity with an opening at the upper part, the side surface of the vertical liquid guide net bag is provided with lug pieces, and the lug pieces vertically penetrate through the strip-shaped slit holes on the outermost side of the water distribution plate and then are bent to be tightly attached to the upper surface of the water distribution plate and horizontally distributed;
a plurality of vertical liquid guide fiber cloths are arranged in a cavity of the vertical liquid guide net bag, the upper ends of the vertical liquid guide fiber cloths vertically penetrate through a strip-shaped slit hole in the middle of the water distribution plate and then are bent to be closely attached to the upper surface of the water distribution plate and horizontally distributed, the cavity of the vertical liquid guide net bag is divided into a plurality of fuel cavities by the vertical liquid guide fiber cloths, and a plurality of fuel pieces are placed in each fuel cavity;
the horizontal liquid guide fiber cloth is flatly paved on the water distribution plate and is contacted with the lug and the vertical liquid guide fiber cloth;
the waterproof breathable cloth wraps the bottom surface and the peripheral surface of the reaction chamber, and extends inwards into the annular groove along the top opening of the reaction chamber;
the reaction chamber cover is positioned at the top of the reaction chamber, the bottom of the reaction chamber cover is provided with an annular boss matched with the annular groove, the annular boss is embedded in the annular groove, the annular boss tightly presses the waterproof breathable cloth, the horizontal liquid guide fiber cloth and the lug under the pressure action of the upper part of the reaction chamber cover, the central position of the reaction chamber cover is provided with a water inlet, and the water inlet is communicated with a water inlet connector.
The hydrogen production box comprises a hydrogen production chamber and a hydrogen production cavity cover, wherein the hydrogen production chamber is a cavity with an opening at the top, the hydrogen production cavity cover is arranged at the opening at the top of the hydrogen production chamber, the fuel cell assembly is positioned on the wall surface of the hydrogen production chamber, the fuel box is positioned in the hydrogen production chamber, the inner side surface of the hydrogen production cavity cover is provided with an elastic element, when the hydrogen production cavity cover is closed, the elastic element is in contact with the upper surface of the reaction cavity cover and deforms to generate elastic force so as to limit the displacement of the fuel box in the vertical direction, the water inlet connector is positioned on the hydrogen production cavity cover, and when the hydrogen production cavity cover is closed, the water inlet connector is inserted into the water inlet of the reaction cavity cover.
The integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation method comprises the following steps:
an external water source is conveyed to a water inlet joint by a water pump and then enters a reaction chamber of a fuel box to contact with horizontal liquid guide fiber cloth and diffuse along the horizontal liquid guide fiber cloth to the periphery, the external water source penetrates through a water distribution plate to diffuse to the periphery of a fuel sheet through the guide of a vertical liquid guide net bag and the vertical liquid guide fiber cloth and generates hydrolysis reaction with the fuel sheet to generate hydrogen, the hydrogen enters a gap cavity between the outer wall surface of the reaction chamber and the waterproof breathable cloth through a hydrogen outlet hole of the reaction chamber and then enters a gap cavity between the waterproof breathable cloth and the inner wall surface of the hydrogen production chamber through the waterproof breathable cloth and then diffuses into an anode gas diffusion layer of a power generation unit through a hydrogen hole on a support plate, meanwhile, external air/oxygen enters a cathode gas diffusion layer of the power generation unit through an air/oxygen hole, each power generation unit generates electric energy, and after the fuel sheet inside the fuel box reacts, a cavity cover of the hydrogen production box is opened, the fuel box is integrally replaced and the hydrogen production cavity cover is closed, so that normal hydrogen production and power generation can be recovered.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device and the method have the advantages that during specific operation, a fuel box for producing hydrogen is arranged in the hydrogen box, a fuel cell component is arranged on the wall surface of the hydrogen box, so that the fuel cell component is used as a part of the wall surface of the hydrogen box, an external water source conveyed by a water pump enters the fuel box through a water inlet joint and is hydrolyzed inside the fuel box to produce hydrogen, the hydrogen produced in the fuel box enters the fuel cell component through a gap between the fuel box and the hydrogen box, a hydrogen conveying pipeline between the fuel box and the fuel cell component is eliminated, the hydrogen produced by hydrolysis reaction is directly supplied to the fuel cell component, the whole structure is simpler and more compact, the device is safe and efficient, the hydrogen production is stable, the volume is small, the weight is light, the cost is low, and when the fuel needs to be replaced, the whole fuel box is directly replaced, the fuel is convenient to replace.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is an exploded view of the fuel cell assembly 1;
fig. 3 is a diagram showing the correspondence between the respective components in the fuel cell assembly 1;
fig. 4 is a partial sectional view of the fuel cell assembly 1;
FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the fuel cartridge 2;
FIG. 6a is an exploded view of the interior of fuel cartridge 2;
FIG. 6b is an assembled view of the inside of the fuel cartridge 2;
FIG. 7a is a diagram showing the position relationship between the tab 231, the fuel sheet 25 and the vertical liquid guiding fiber cloth 24;
fig. 7b is a diagram showing the positional relationship between the fuel sheet 25 and the vertical liquid-guiding fiber cloth 24.
Wherein, 1 is a fuel cell component, 2 is a fuel box, 3 is a hydrogen producing box, 4 is a water inlet joint, 5 is a water pump, 6 is a pressure sensor, 7 is an air outlet joint, 8 is an electromagnetic safety valve, 11 is a support plate, 12 is a middle plate, 13 is a cover plate, 14 is a power generation unit, 21 is a reaction chamber, 22 is a water distribution plate, 23 is a vertical liquid guiding net bag, 24 is a vertical liquid guiding fiber cloth, 25 is a fuel sheet, 26 is a horizontal liquid guiding fiber cloth, 27 is a waterproof air permeable cloth, 28 is a reaction chamber cover, 31 is a hydrogen producing chamber, 32 is a hydrogen producing chamber cover, 33 is an elastic element, 111 is an anode current collecting layer, 112 is a hydrogen hole, 121 is a series current collector, 122 is a battery card slot through hole, 131 is a cathode current collecting layer, 132 is an air/oxygen hole, 133 is an anode terminal, 134 is a cathode terminal, 141 is an active area, 142 is an edge sealing, 211 is an annular groove, 212 is a hydrogen outlet hole, 221 is a strip slit hole, 231 is a lug, 281 is an annular boss, 282 is a water inlet, 1111 is an anode permeable area, 1112 is an anode extension area, 1211 is a communication area, 1212 is a contact area, 1311 is a cathode permeable area, 1312 is a cathode extension area.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the core of the invention is an integrated design mode of the on-site hydrogen production device and the hydrogen fuel cell power generation device, the hydrogen fuel cell power generation device is used as a part of the shell of the on-site hydrogen production device, and hydrogen produced by the on-site hydrogen production device is directly supplied to the hydrogen fuel cell power generation device.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the integrated on-site hydrogen production by hydrolysis and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device of the present invention includes a fuel cell assembly 1, a fuel cartridge 2, a hydrogen production cartridge 3, a water inlet joint 4, a water pump 5 and an electromagnetic safety valve 8; the top opening part of the hydrogen production box 3 is provided with a cavity cover, the fuel cell assembly 1 is arranged on the wall surface of the hydrogen production box 3, the fuel box 2 is positioned in the hydrogen production box 3, the cavity cover is provided with a water inlet connector 4, the inlet of the water inlet connector 4 is communicated with the water outlet end of the water pump 5, the outlet of the water inlet connector 4 is communicated with the water inlet of the fuel box 2, the wall surface of the hydrogen production box 3 is provided with a pressure sensor 6 and an air outlet connector 7, wherein the air outlet connector 7 is communicated with the electromagnetic safety valve 8, and the hydrogen outlet of the fuel box 2 is communicated with the fuel cell assembly 1.
It should be noted that the sealing and fastening means between the hydrogen-producing chamber 31 and the hydrogen-producing chamber cover 32 of the hydrogen-producing cartridge 3, and between the hydrogen-producing cartridge 3 and the respective mounting members thereon, are not shown in fig. 1, nor are means for restricting the movement of the fuel cartridge 2 in the horizontal direction inside the cavity of the hydrogen-producing cartridge 3, and in actual use, the present invention should be considered to include the above-described means.
Referring to fig. 2 to 4, the fuel cell assembly 1 includes a support plate 11, a middle plate 12 and a cover plate 13 which are sequentially stacked, the middle plate 12 is provided with a plurality of cell slot through holes 122, each cell slot through hole 122 is provided with a power generation unit 14 therein, and each power generation unit 14 includes an anode gas diffusion layer, a cathode gas diffusion layer and a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly disposed between the anode gas diffusion layer and the cathode gas diffusion layer.
Specifically, the upper surface of the support plate 11 is provided with a plurality of anode current collecting layers 111, one of the anode current collecting layers 111 corresponds to one power generation unit 14, the anode current collecting layer 111 includes an anode air-permeable region 1111 and an anode extension region 1112 surrounding the anode air-permeable region 1111, the anode gas diffusion layer in the power generation unit 14 contacts with the anode air-permeable region 1111 in the corresponding anode current collecting layer 111, the anode air-permeable region 1111 is provided with a plurality of hydrogen holes 112, and hydrogen enters the anode gas diffusion layer in the corresponding power generation unit 14 through the hydrogen holes 112.
The lower surface of the cover plate 13 is provided with a plurality of cathode collector layers 131, wherein one cathode collector layer 131 corresponds to one power generation unit 14, the cathode collector layer 131 comprises a cathode gas permeable area 1311 and a cathode extension area 1312 surrounding the cathode gas permeable area 1311, the cathode gas diffusion layer in the power generation unit 14 is in contact with the cathode gas permeable area 1311 in the corresponding cathode collector layer 131, a plurality of air/oxygen holes 132 are formed in the cathode gas permeable area 1311, and air/oxygen enters the cathode gas diffusion layer in the corresponding power generation unit 14 through the air/oxygen holes 132.
A series current collector 121 vertically penetrating through the intermediate plate 12 is provided between the adjacent battery card slot through holes 122; in the series collector 121 between adjacent battery card slot through holes 122, one end of the series collector 121 contacts the anode extension 1112 in the anode collector layer 111 corresponding to the power generation cell 14 in one battery card slot through hole 122, and the other end of the series collector 121 contacts the cathode extension 1312 in the cathode collector layer 131 corresponding to the power generation cell 14 in another battery card slot through hole 122, so as to realize the series connection between the adjacent power generation cells.
The fuel cell membrane electrode assembly comprises an active region 141 and a sealing edge 142 surrounding the active region 141, wherein the sealing edge 142 is an insulating film, one side of the sealing edge 142 is adhered to an anode extension region 1112 in the corresponding anode current collecting layer 111, and the other side of the sealing edge 142 is adhered to a cathode extension region 1312 in the corresponding cathode current collecting layer 131, so as to isolate gas on two sides of the cathode and the anode of the power generation unit 14.
The cover plate 13 is provided with an anode terminal 133 connected with the anode current collecting layer 111 in the first power generation unit 14 and a cathode terminal 134 connected with the cathode current collecting layer 131 in the last power generation unit 14, wherein the cathode terminal 134 is connected with a positive electrode connector of the electric equipment, and the anode terminal 133 is connected with a negative electrode connector of the electric equipment; a detection line is led out from the cathode collector layer 131.
The series current collector 121 includes a communication region 1211 disposed inside the middle plate 12 and vertically penetrating through the middle plate 12, and a contact region 1212 laid on the surface of the middle plate 12 and contacting the anode current collecting layer 111 and the cathode current collecting layer 131, wherein the communication region 1211 is connected to the contact region 1212.
In addition, the thickness of the power generation unit 14 is greater than that of the middle plate 12, and the thickness of the sealing edge 142 is less than or equal to that of the gas diffusion layer; the support plate 11, the intermediate plate 12 and the cover plate 13 are flat plates, bent plates or bent housings made of an insulating and gas-impermeable material, and the power generating unit 14 can be bent along with the support plate 11, the intermediate plate 12 and the cover plate 13. The present invention also includes a fastening device for clamping the power generation unit 14.
Referring to fig. 5 to 7b, the fuel cartridge 2 includes a reaction chamber 21, a water distribution plate 22, a vertical fluid guiding net bag 23, a vertical fluid guiding fiber cloth 24, a fuel sheet 25, a horizontal fluid guiding fiber cloth 26, a waterproof and air permeable cloth 27, and a reaction chamber cover 28; the reaction chamber 21 is a cavity with an open top, the inner side of the top of the reaction chamber 21 is a stepped annular groove 211, the side wall of the reaction chamber 21 is provided with a plurality of hydrogen outlet holes 212, the hydrogen outlet holes 212 are located below the annular groove 211 and near the bottom of the annular groove 211, and when in use, the hydrogen outlet holes 212 should not directly face the fuel cell assembly 1 and the pressure sensor 6; the water distribution plate 22 is embedded in the annular groove 211, and a plurality of strip-shaped clearance holes 221 are formed in the water distribution plate 22; the vertical liquid guiding net bag 23 is an inverted-V-shaped cavity with an opening at the upper part, the lateral surface of the vertical liquid guiding net bag 23 is provided with a lug 231, and the lug 231 vertically penetrates through a strip-shaped slit hole 221 on the outermost side of the water distribution plate 22 and then is bent and tightly attached to the upper surface of the water distribution plate 22 and horizontally distributed; a plurality of vertical liquid guiding fiber cloths 24 are arranged in a cavity of the vertical liquid guiding net bag 23, the upper ends of the vertical liquid guiding fiber cloths 24 vertically penetrate through strip-shaped slit holes 221 in the middle of the water distribution plate 22 and then are bent to be tightly attached to the upper surface of the water distribution plate 22 and horizontally distributed, the cavity of the vertical liquid guiding net bag 23 is divided into a plurality of fuel cavities by the vertical liquid guiding fiber cloths 24, and a plurality of fuel sheets 25 are placed in each fuel cavity; the horizontal liquid guide fiber cloth 26 is flatly paved on the water distribution plate 22 and is contacted with the lug 231 and the vertical liquid guide fiber cloth 24; the waterproof breathable cloth 27 is wrapped on the bottom surface and the outer peripheral surface of the reaction chamber 21, and the waterproof breathable cloth 27 extends inwards into the annular groove 211 along the top opening of the reaction chamber 21; the reaction chamber cover 28 is located at the top of the reaction chamber 21, an annular boss 281 matched with the annular groove 211 is arranged at the bottom of the reaction chamber cover 28, wherein the annular boss 281 is embedded in the annular groove 211, under the action of pressure at the upper part of the reaction chamber cover 28, the annular boss 281 tightly presses the waterproof breathable cloth 27, the horizontal liquid guide fiber cloth 26 and the lug 231, a water inlet 282 is arranged at the central position of the reaction chamber cover 28, and the water inlet 282 is communicated with the water inlet connector 4.
The fuel piece 25 is a piece-shaped or powdery solid fuel made of hydrogen production materials and hydrolysis catalysts thereof, the hydrogen production materials are metal hydrides or metal borohydrides, the vertical liquid guide net bag 23, the vertical liquid guide fiber cloth 24 and the horizontal liquid guide fiber cloth 26 are of capillary porous cloth structures, and fiber materials in the vertical liquid guide net bag 23, the vertical liquid guide fiber cloth 24 and the horizontal liquid guide fiber cloth 26 are one or more of natural fibers, artificially synthesized fibers and metal fibers. The waterproof and breathable cloth 27 is made of a polymer waterproof and breathable material, a composite material of the polymer waterproof and breathable material and cloth, or a composite material of the polymer waterproof and breathable material and a solid porous structure.
It should be noted that the fuel cartridge 2 of the present invention is not limited to the square box shown in fig. 5, the fuel sheet 25 of the present invention is not limited to the square plate shown in fig. 7a and 7b, in fact, the housing of the fuel cartridge 2 can be bent according to the use requirement, the fuel sheet 25 can be made into any shape according to the use requirement, and the water distribution plate 22, the vertical liquid guiding net bag 23, the vertical liquid guiding fiber cloth 24, the horizontal liquid guiding fiber cloth 26, the waterproof air permeable cloth 27 and the reaction chamber cover 28 can be adjusted accordingly, and the present invention should be considered to include the above embodiments.
The sealing and fastening means between the reaction chamber 21 and the reaction chamber cover 28, and between the reaction chamber cover 28 and the water inlet connector 4 are not shown in fig. 5 to 7b, and in actual use, the present invention should be considered to include the above means.
Referring to fig. 1, the hydrogen-producing box 3 includes a hydrogen-producing chamber 31 and a hydrogen-producing chamber cover 32, wherein the hydrogen-producing chamber 31 is a cavity with an open top, the hydrogen-producing chamber cover 32 is installed at the open top of the hydrogen-producing chamber 31, the fuel cell assembly 1 is located on the wall surface of the hydrogen-producing chamber 31, the fuel box 2 is located in the hydrogen-producing chamber 31, an elastic element 33 is arranged on the inner side surface of the hydrogen-producing chamber cover 32, when the hydrogen-producing chamber cover 32 is closed, the elastic element 33 contacts with the upper surface of the reaction chamber cover 28 and deforms to generate an elastic force to limit the displacement of the fuel box 2 in the vertical direction, the water inlet connector 4 is located on the hydrogen-producing chamber cover 32, and when the hydrogen-producing chamber cover 32 is closed, the water inlet connector 4 is inserted into the water inlet 282 of the reaction chamber cover 28.
The integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation method comprises the following steps: an external water source is conveyed into the water inlet joint 4 by the water pump 5, then enters the reaction chamber 21 of the fuel box 2 to contact the horizontal liquid guide fiber cloth 26 and diffuse along the horizontal liquid guide fiber cloth 26 to the periphery, passes through the water distribution plate 22 to diffuse to the periphery of the fuel sheet 25 under the guidance of the vertical liquid guide net bag 23 and the vertical liquid guide fiber cloth 24 and generates hydrolysis reaction with the fuel sheet 25 to generate hydrogen, the hydrogen enters a gap cavity between the outer wall surface of the reaction chamber 21 and the waterproof breathable cloth 27 through the hydrogen outlet hole 212 of the reaction chamber 21, then enters a gap cavity between the waterproof breathable cloth 27 and the inner wall surface of the hydrogen generation chamber 31 through the waterproof breathable cloth 27, then diffuses into the anode gas diffusion layer of the power generation unit 14 through the hydrogen hole 112 on the support plate 11, and simultaneously external air/oxygen enters the cathode gas diffusion layer of the power generation unit 14 through the air/oxygen hole 132, and each power generation unit 14 generates electric energy, after the fuel pieces 25 in the fuel box 2 react, the hydrogen production cavity cover 32 of the hydrogen production box 3 is opened, the fuel box 2 is integrally replaced, and the hydrogen production cavity cover 32 is closed, so that normal hydrogen production and power generation can be recovered.
Claims (9)
1. An integrated field hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device is characterized by comprising a fuel cell component (1), a fuel box (2), a hydrogen production box (3), a water inlet joint (4), a water pump (5) and an electromagnetic safety valve (8);
a cavity cover is arranged at an opening at the top of the hydrogen production box (3), the fuel cell assembly (1) is arranged on the wall surface of the hydrogen production box (3), the fuel box (2) is positioned in the hydrogen production box (3), a water inlet connector (4) is arranged on the cavity cover, an inlet of the water inlet connector (4) is communicated with a water outlet end of the water pump (5), an outlet of the water inlet connector (4) is communicated with a water inlet of the fuel box (2), a pressure sensor (6) and an air outlet connector (7) are arranged on the wall surface of the hydrogen production box (3), the air outlet connector (7) is communicated with an electromagnetic safety valve (8), and a hydrogen outlet of the fuel box (2) is communicated with the fuel cell assembly (1);
the fuel box (2) comprises a reaction chamber (21), a water distribution plate (22), a vertical liquid guide net bag (23), vertical liquid guide fiber cloth (24), a fuel sheet (25), horizontal liquid guide fiber cloth (26), waterproof breathable cloth (27) and a reaction cavity cover (28);
the reaction chamber (21) is a cavity with an opening at the top, the inner side of the top of the reaction chamber (21) is a stepped annular groove (211), the side wall of the reaction chamber (21) is provided with a plurality of hydrogen outlet holes (212), and the hydrogen outlet holes (212) are positioned below the annular groove (211) and close to the bottom of the annular groove (211);
the water distribution plate (22) is embedded in the annular groove (211), and a plurality of strip-shaped clearance holes (221) are formed in the water distribution plate (22);
the vertical liquid guide net bag (23) is an inverted-V-shaped cavity with an opening at the upper part, the side surface of the vertical liquid guide net bag (23) is provided with a lug (231), and the lug (231) vertically penetrates through a strip-shaped gap hole (221) at the outermost side of the water distribution plate (22) and then is bent and tightly attached to the upper surface of the water distribution plate (22) and is horizontally distributed;
a plurality of vertical liquid guide fiber cloths (24) are arranged in a cavity of the vertical liquid guide net bag (23), the upper ends of the vertical liquid guide fiber cloths (24) vertically penetrate through strip-shaped gap holes (221) in the middle of the water distribution plate (22) and then are bent and tightly attached to the upper surface of the water distribution plate (22) and horizontally distributed, the cavity of the vertical liquid guide net bag (23) is divided into a plurality of fuel cavities by the vertical liquid guide fiber cloths (24), and a plurality of fuel sheets (25) are placed in each fuel cavity;
the horizontal liquid guide fiber cloth (26) is flatly paved on the water distribution plate (22) and is contacted with the lug (231) and the vertical liquid guide fiber cloth (24);
the waterproof breathable cloth (27) is wrapped on the bottom surface and the peripheral surface of the reaction chamber (21), and the waterproof breathable cloth (27) inwards extends into the annular groove (211) along the top opening of the reaction chamber (21);
reaction chamber lid (28) are located the top of reaction chamber (21), and the bottom of reaction chamber lid (28) is equipped with annular boss (281) with annular groove (211) matched with, and wherein, annular boss (281) are embedded in annular groove (211), under reaction chamber lid (28) upper portion pressure effect, waterproof ventilative cloth (27) are sticis in annular boss (281), horizontal drain fibre cloth (26) and auricle (231), and the central point department of reaction chamber lid (28) is equipped with water inlet (282), and water inlet (282) are linked together with water supply connector (4).
2. The integrated on-site hydrogen production by hydrolysis and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cell assembly (1) comprises a support plate (11), a middle plate (12) and a cover plate (13) which are sequentially stacked, a plurality of cell slot through holes (122) are arranged on the middle plate (12), a power generation unit (14) is arranged in each cell slot through hole (122), and the power generation unit (14) comprises an anode gas diffusion layer, a cathode gas diffusion layer and a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly arranged between the anode gas diffusion layer and the cathode gas diffusion layer.
3. The integrated field hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device according to claim 2, wherein the upper surface of the support plate (11) is provided with a plurality of anode current collection layers (111), one anode current collection layer (111) corresponds to one power generation unit (14), the anode current collection layer (111) comprises an anode gas permeation region (1111) and an anode extension region (1112) surrounding the anode gas permeation region (1111), an anode gas diffusion layer in the power generation unit (14) is in contact with the anode gas permeation region (1111) in the corresponding anode current collection layer (111), the anode gas permeation region (1111) is provided with a plurality of hydrogen holes (112), and hydrogen enters the anode gas diffusion layer in the corresponding power generation unit (14) through the hydrogen holes (112);
the lower surface of the cover plate (13) is provided with a plurality of cathode collector layers (131), one cathode collector layer (131) corresponds to one power generation unit (14), the cathode collector layer (131) comprises a cathode breathable zone (1311) and a cathode extension zone (1312) surrounding the cathode breathable zone (1311), a cathode gas diffusion layer in the power generation unit (14) is in contact with the cathode breathable zone (1311) in the corresponding cathode collector layer (131), a plurality of air/oxygen holes (132) are formed in the cathode breathable zone (1311), and air/oxygen enters the cathode gas diffusion layer in the corresponding power generation unit (14) through the air/oxygen holes (132).
4. The integrated on-site hydrogen production by hydrolysis and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device according to claim 3, wherein a series current collector (121) vertically penetrating through the middle plate (12) is arranged between the adjacent cell slot through holes (122);
among the adjacent cell-card-slot through holes (122) and the series current collector (121) therebetween, one end of the series current collector (121) is in contact with the anode extension (1112) in the anode collector layer (111) corresponding to the power generating cell (14) in one cell-card-slot through hole (122), and the other end of the series current collector (121) is in contact with the cathode extension (1312) in the cathode collector layer (131) corresponding to the power generating cell (14) in the other cell-card-slot through hole (122).
5. The integrated in-situ hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device according to claim 3, wherein the fuel cell membrane electrode assembly comprises an active region (141) and a seal edge (142) surrounding the active region (141), one side of the seal edge (142) is bonded to the anode extension region (1112) in the corresponding anode current collection layer (111), and the other side of the seal edge (142) is bonded to the cathode extension region (1312) in the corresponding cathode current collection layer (131).
6. The integrated on-site hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device according to claim 3, wherein the cover plate (13) is provided with an anode terminal (133) connected with the anode current collecting layer (111) in the first power generation unit (14) and a cathode terminal (134) connected with the cathode current collecting layer (131) in the last power generation unit (14), wherein the cathode terminal (134) is connected with a positive electrode connector of electric equipment, and the anode terminal (133) is connected with a negative electrode connector of the electric equipment;
a detection line is led out from the cathode collector layer (131).
7. The integrated on-site hydrogen hydrolysis and generation device as claimed in claim 4, wherein the series current collector (121) comprises a communication region (1211) disposed inside the middle plate (12) and vertically penetrating through the middle plate (12), and a contact region (1212) laid on the surface of the middle plate (12) and contacting with the anode current collection layer (111) and the cathode current collection layer (131), and the communication region (1211) is connected with the contact region (1212).
8. The integrated on-site hydrogen production by hydrolysis and hydrogen fuel cell power plant of claim 3, it is characterized in that the hydrogen production box (3) comprises a hydrogen production chamber (31) and a hydrogen production cavity cover (32), wherein, the hydrogen production chamber (31) is a cavity with an opening at the top, the hydrogen production chamber cover (32) is arranged at the opening at the top of the hydrogen production chamber (31), the fuel cell component (1) is positioned on the wall surface of the hydrogen production chamber (31), the fuel box (2) is positioned in the hydrogen production chamber (31), the inner side surface of the hydrogen production chamber cover (32) is provided with an elastic element (33), when the hydrogen production chamber cover (32) is closed, the elastic element (33) contacts with the upper surface of the reaction chamber cover (28) and deforms to generate elastic force, so as to limit the displacement of the fuel box (2) in the vertical direction, the water inlet joint (4) is positioned on the hydrogen production cavity cover (32), when the hydrogen production cavity cover (32) is closed, the water inlet connector (4) is inserted into the water inlet (282) of the reaction cavity cover (28).
9. An integrated on-site hydrogen production by hydrolysis and hydrogen fuel cell power generation method, which is characterized in that the integrated on-site hydrogen production by hydrolysis and hydrogen fuel cell power generation method based on claim 8 comprises the following steps:
an external water source is conveyed to the water inlet joint (4) by the water pump (5), then enters the reaction chamber (21) of the fuel box (2) to contact the horizontal liquid guide fiber cloth (26) and diffuse around along the horizontal liquid guide fiber cloth (26), penetrates through the water distribution plate (22) to diffuse to the periphery of the fuel sheet (25) through the guide of the vertical liquid guide net bag (23) and the vertical liquid guide fiber cloth (24) and generates hydrolysis reaction with the fuel sheet (25) to generate hydrogen, the hydrogen enters a gap cavity between the outer wall surface of the reaction chamber (21) and the waterproof breathable cloth (27) through the hydrogen outlet hole (212) of the reaction chamber (21), then enters the gap cavity between the waterproof breathable cloth (27) and the inner wall surface of the hydrogen production chamber (31) through the waterproof breathable cloth (27), and then diffuses into an anode gas diffusion layer of the power generation unit (14) through the hydrogen hole (112) on the support plate (11), meanwhile, external air/oxygen enters the cathode gas diffusion layer of the power generation unit (14) through the air/oxygen hole (132), each power generation unit (14) generates electric energy, after the fuel sheet (25) in the fuel box (2) reacts, the hydrogen generation cavity cover (32) of the hydrogen generation box (3) is opened, the fuel box (2) is integrally replaced, the hydrogen generation cavity cover (32) is closed, and normal hydrogen generation and power generation can be recovered.
Priority Applications (2)
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| CN202010414085.3A CN111697257B (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2020-05-15 | Integrated on-site hydrolysis hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation device and method |
| PCT/CN2020/104471 WO2021227256A1 (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2020-07-24 | Integrated on-site hydrolytic hydrogen production and hydrogen fuel cell power generation apparatus and method |
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| WO2021227256A1 (en) | 2021-11-18 |
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