CN111695250A - Method for extracting internal tide features - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an internal tide feature extraction method which specifically comprises the steps of preprocessing marine reanalysis data, verifying the reliability of reanalysis data extraction of internal tide information in a research area by comparing reanalysis data with actual measurement data, dividing a research time period according to the change condition of an isotherm along with time, and extracting internal tide feature information by using isotherm fluctuation amplitude data. The reanalysis data adopted by the invention has the advantages of wide geographic coverage range, high spatial and temporal resolution and the like, can better reflect the internal tidal wave condition of a research area through comparison and verification with the actually measured data, finely divides the research time period according to the fluctuation condition of the underwater isotherm, extracts the characteristic information of the internal tidal wave phenomenon in the divided time period, and more accurately reflects the time change characteristic of the internal tidal wave.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an internal tide feature extraction method, in particular to an internal tide feature extraction method based on ocean reanalysis data, and belongs to the technical field of ocean environment statistical research.
Background
The internal tidal wave is an important wave existing in the ocean and plays an important dynamic role in the ocean, and the existence of the internal tidal wave can influence various aspects of the ocean ecological environment, ocean exploration, ocean battle and the like. The interior tide wave can lead to the fluctuation of the isothermal surface and the isopycnic surface in the sea to cause the influence to the sound wave in the ocean, change sound wave signal's amplitude, direction and propagation speed etc. can seriously influence the detection and the underwater communication of sonar to object under water like this. The large amplitude internal solitary waves, which are closely related to the internal tidal waves, generate strong reciprocating shear currents that can affect the implementation of some marine projects. The characteristics of the internal tidal wave in the ocean are very important to research.
The inner tidal wave is an inner wave with an astronomical tidal cycle, which is the response of an incompressible fluid with a rotating, dense layer junction in the ocean to small disturbances, mainly generated by the interaction of astronomical tidal currents with the terrain. The research on the tidal wave at home and abroad mainly adopts satellite observation data, mooring observation data, SAR satellite image data and the like. There are many methods for extracting the characteristic information of the internal tidal wave, and the extraction results of different methods reflect the characteristics of the internal tidal wave from different angles, and the commonly adopted method mainly includes: separating the positive pressure flow and the oblique pressure flow by adopting filtering methods such as high-pass filtering, polynomial fitting and the like, and extracting the full-day and half-day period characteristics of the internal tidal wave; detecting and orienting the internal tidal wave by adopting an SAR image to obtain the spatial distribution characteristics of the internal tidal wave; analyzing the seawater temperature or salinity data by a harmonic analysis method to obtain harmonic constants of different partial tides of the internal tide wave, thereby obtaining the proportion of the different partial tides in the whole tidal wave; and (4) performing simulation research on the internal tidal wave by adopting a numerical mode to obtain a generation and propagation mechanism and the like of the internal tidal wave. Due to the difficulty of marine observation data acquisition, the data required for researching the internal tidal wave is relatively short, and when the harmonic analysis method is adopted to research the internal tidal wave, the wavelength of different frequencies can be effectively separated by using the data with long time and high resolution due to frequency confusion, so that the number of the observation data which can be used is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art, the invention aims to provide a marine reanalysis data-based method for extracting the internal tide features, which overcomes the defects of small coverage of mooring observation data, low time resolution of satellite observation data and incapability of observing underwater.
In order to solve the technical problem, the method for extracting the internal tide features comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preprocessing the marine reanalysis data: extracting data values of research sites at different moments from each ocean reanalysis data file to form a reanalysis data time sequence;
step two: verifying and analyzing the reliability of the information of the interior tide wave characteristic of the data extraction research site;
step three: finely dividing the research time period;
step four: calculating an isotherm fluctuation amplitude value;
step five: and D, extracting the characteristic information of the internal tidal wave by using the isothermal line fluctuation amplitude value obtained in the step four.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reliability of the information on the tidal wave characteristic of the research site extracted from the verification reanalysis data in the second step specifically includes:
step 2.1: calculating root mean square error of reanalyzed data and mooring observation data
Step 2.2: reconciliation analysis result comparison of reanalyzed data and mooring observation data
Step 2.3: and when the difference between the root mean square error and the harmonic constant meets the reliability judgment condition, judging the system to be reliable.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the traditional internal tide feature extraction, the method has the remarkable characteristics that: the research of the underwater tide wave is carried out by adopting ocean reanalysis data, the data has high space-time resolution, wide geographical coverage range and sufficient underwater data, and is beneficial to researching the time change characteristics of the underwater tide wave. Firstly, the feasibility of using reanalysis data in a research area is verified, then the research time period is divided according to the change of an isotherm along with time, the influence of seasons in the sea on the phenomenon of the inner tide wave is taken into consideration, and the accuracy of the extraction result is improved. And the characteristics of the main components of the internal tidal wave are reflected more intuitively by performing harmonic analysis on the isotherm change amplitude data of the reanalysis data.
The above-mentioned problem has been solved well to the ocean reanalysis data that this patent adopted. The reanalysis data refers to data fused with data from a plurality of different sources. The data can be satellite observation data, mooring observation data, numerical mode data and the like, and the data are fused into a completely new complete data set through analysis and processing, namely reanalysis data. The ocean reanalysis data is generated through a mode, is a novel data integrating data of different sources including historical data, overcomes the defects that the coverage range of mooring observation data is small, the time resolution of satellite observation data is low, and underwater cannot be observed, and comprises a plurality of ocean elements such as seawater temperature, seawater salinity, ocean current flow velocity and the like. In addition, the positions of the isotherms in the ocean have obvious changes in different time periods, and if the tidal waves in the ocean are directly explored by harmonic analysis by adopting seawater temperature data of a longer time sequence, the obtained result is an inaccurate result with seasonal influence ignored. This patent carries out meticulous division to the time quantum earlier before carrying out the harmony analysis, harmony analysis in each sub-time quantum to adopt isotherm fluctuation range data to carry out the harmony analysis, the result that obtains can reflect the time variation characteristic of interior tide wave comparatively accurately, reflects the shared contribution of interior tide wave difference tide more directly perceivedly.
(1) The reanalysis data can be used for extracting the characteristic information of the internal tidal wave in the area where the internal tidal wave is active, and new data support is provided for researching the internal tidal wave.
(2) According to the distribution conditions of the underwater isotherms at different times, the reconciliation analysis time periods are finely divided, and reconciliation analysis is carried out in each sub-time period, so that the influence of ocean seasons on the internal tide waves is considered, and the reconciliation analysis results can reflect the real conditions of the internal tide waves.
(3) And (3) making a difference between the position of the isotherm and the reference line to obtain the fluctuation range of the isotherm, and taking the fluctuation range of the isotherm as input data of harmonic analysis, wherein the harmonic analysis result more intuitively reflects the characteristics of the main components of the internal tidal wave.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an internal tide feature extraction method based on ocean reanalysis data
Detailed Description
The invention provides an internal tide wave feature information extraction method based on ocean reanalysis data, which can be used for accurately and visually extracting the internal tide wave feature information. The specific implementation of the method comprises the steps of preprocessing the ocean reanalysis data, comparing the processed reanalysis data with mooring observation data, verifying the reliability of tidal waves of the reanalysis data in research of research sites, finely dividing the research time periods, and performing harmonic analysis by taking isotherm fluctuation amplitude data as input data in each sub-time period. The execution flow of the re-analysis data-based method for extracting the intrinsic tide characteristics is shown in figure 1. The present invention will be described in further detail below.
The invention provides an internal tide feature extraction method based on ocean reanalysis data, which specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and preprocessing the marine reanalysis data.
The reanalysis data files adopted by the patent are named by time, the longitude range of each file data is 180 degrees from west longitude to 179.9 degrees from east longitude, and the latitude range is 89.95 degrees from south latitude to 89.95 degrees from north latitude. The data values of research sites at different moments are extracted from each data file, the main research sites of the patent are located in the south China sea area, and the latitude and longitude ranges from 99 degrees 10 ' E to 122 degrees 10 ' E and from 3 degrees S to 23 degrees 27 ' N. Because the observation data for comparing the south China sea area with the reanalysis data is difficult to obtain, the position of the equator (0 DEG N, 165 DEG E) is selected as the data site of the reanalysis data reliability verification experiment.
Step two: and verifying and analyzing the reliability of the information of the tidal wave characteristic of the data extraction research site. The reliability verification specifically comprises the following steps:
and 2.1, calculating the root mean square error of the analysis data and the mooring observation data.
Selecting reanalysis data and mooring observation data with the same longitude and latitude (0 degree N, 165 degrees E) and the same time (0.7.31.1992), selecting underwater temperature variables, carrying out temperature difference on each underwater layer of the two data to obtain the difference value of the two data of each underwater layer, and calculating the root mean square error value of the two data of the whole vertical section by using the difference value of each water layer. The root mean square error result value calculated in the patent is approximately 5% of the average seawater temperature value of the vertical water layer.
And 2.2, comparing the reconciliation analysis results of the reanalysis data and the mooring observation data.
The method comprises the following steps of selecting reanalysis seawater temperature data and mooring observation seawater temperature data with the same longitude and latitude (0 degree N, 165 degrees E), the same underwater depth (150 meters underwater) and the same time period (1 month to 3 months in 1992) for harmonic analysis, wherein the reanalysis seawater temperature data and the mooring observation seawater temperature data comprise the following specific steps:
(1) and determining the time resolution and the time length of the input sea temperature data, and specifically selecting according to frequency confusion and a Reyle analysis principle.
(2) And judging whether the year Y of the sea temperature data is a leap year or not, and calculating the number ID of days from the 1 month and 1 # of the year to the current date.
(3) Obtaining the initial phase angle of each tide, and calculating the values of astronomical variables T, s, h, p and p1 according to the year Y of the current data and the days ID of the date which is 1 month away from the date, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
where y represents the year of the sampled data.
(4) The initial phase angle V of each tide is calculated from the values of the variables T, s, h, p, p1, and is calculated as follows:
wherein n is 0,1, 2; n1, n2, n3, n4 and n5 are 0 or positive and negative integers, and have corresponding fixed values for the partial tides of different frequencies.
(5) And (4) taking the middle value D of time series days, and calculating an intersection point factor f and an intersection point correcting angle u by combining the Doodson parameter with Y and D.
(6) The tidal level equation can be expressed as:
wherein A is0Represents the average surface height of the tide, m represents the number of partial tides, sigmaiIndicating the angular velocity of the partial tide.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
order to
Then
Order to
The value of f, u, TT, W and V can be used to calculate the value of AiAnd BiAnd calculating a coefficient AA of the linear equation set obtained by partial derivation and a value B on the right side of the equal sign of the linear equation set. Where W represents the frequency of each partial tide and TT represents the number of hours from 0 to the harmonic analysis time.
(7) Solving the E pair A in the step (6) by a Gaussian elimination methodiAnd BiAnd solving a linear equation system obtained by the partial derivation to obtain an amplitude harmonic constant and a lag harmonic constant.
The difference of the harmonic constants of the main tide separation obtained through the two data is less than 10%, and the proportion of the calculation result of the root mean square error in the step 2.1 to the average seawater temperature value of the vertical water layer is less than 10%, so that the fact that the inner tide wave is extracted by adopting the reanalysis data in the research place is proved to be reliable.
Step three: the method comprises the following steps of finely dividing a research time period:
and 3.1, drawing an isotherm distribution curve in the whole time range.
In the step, the research site is positioned at the position of a sea area point (20.35 degrees N, 116.8 degrees E) in the north of the south China sea, the time resolution of reanalysis data adopted by the method is 3 hours, in order to avoid that the drawn isotherm is too dense in fluctuation, some data values are removed, and the time resolution is processed into 18 hours to draw an isotherm distribution curve.
Step 3.2 divides the overall time period into a plurality of sub-time periods.
According to the isotherm distribution curve drawn in step 3.1, it can be found that the isotherm positions at the same temperature have obvious changes in different time ranges, and in the patent, the average position of the 20 ℃ isotherm is about 120 meters under water between 1 month 2 and 2 months 24 in 1992, and about 160 meters under water between 2 months 25 and 3 months 31. The overall study period is divided into a plurality of sub-periods according to the distribution of 20 ℃ isotherm positions.
Step four: and calculating the temperature contour fluctuation amplitude value.
The method extracts a distribution curve of the 20 ℃ isotherm from the isotherm of each temperature in each sub-period, averages the values of the isotherm at different times in the sub-period, and obtains the depth average value of the 20 ℃ isotherm. And in each sub-time period, the difference is made between the actual position of the isotherm and the depth average value to obtain the fluctuation amplitude value of the isotherm.
Step five: and D, extracting the characteristic information of the internal tidal wave by using the isotherm fluctuation amplitude value obtained in the step four, and specifically comprising the following steps of:
and 5.1, taking the temperature contour fluctuation amplitude value as input data to carry out harmonic analysis.
And D, forming time sequences in each sub-time period by the isothermal line fluctuation amplitude values obtained in the step four, and performing harmonic analysis on the time sequences serving as input data to obtain an amplitude harmonic constant of the 20 ℃ isothermal line fluctuation amplitude caused by main tide splitting of the tidal wave in each sub-time period.
And 5.2, carrying out comparative analysis on the harmonic constants of the main tide divisions in each time period.
Through the results of the reconciliation analysis, it can be found that the main tide division of the tidal wave in the research site of the patent is mainly the full-day tide division, and the full-day tide division is mainly the K1, O1, P1 and Q1 tide division. In four time periods divided by the patent, the proportion of K1 tide is the maximum, and except that the amplitude harmonic constant of Q1 tide is basically unchanged, the amplitude harmonic constants of the other three tides have obvious size alternation phenomenon. And obtaining the characteristic information of the internal tidal wave according to the change condition of the main tide-dividing harmonic constant of the internal tidal wave in the sub-time period.
The specific implementation mode of the invention also comprises:
the invention relates to the technical field of marine environment statistical research, and particularly provides an internal tide feature extraction method based on marine reanalysis data. The method specifically comprises the steps of preprocessing marine reanalysis data, verifying the reliability of reanalysis data in a research area for extracting the inner tidal wave information by adopting a mode of comparing reanalysis data with actually measured data, dividing a research time period according to the change condition of an isotherm along with time, and extracting the inner tidal wave characteristic information by utilizing isotherm fluctuation amplitude data. In the aspect of information extraction and analysis research of internal tidal waves, the data adopted by the predecessors generally comprise: satellite observation data, mooring observation data, and SAR image data. The invention adopts ocean reanalysis data to extract the characteristic information of the inner tidal wave phenomenon, the reanalysis data has the advantages of wide geographic coverage range, high spatial and temporal resolution and the like, and the reanalysis data can better reflect the inner tidal wave condition of a research area through the comparison verification with the actual measurement data. According to the invention, the research time period is finely divided according to the fluctuation condition of the underwater isotherm, and the characteristic information of the internal tidal wave phenomenon in the divided time period is extracted, so that the time change characteristic of the internal tidal wave is more accurately reflected.
An internal tide feature extraction method based on ocean reanalysis data comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and preprocessing the marine reanalysis data.
The reanalysis data files adopted by the patent are named by time, the longitude range of each file data is 180 degrees from west longitude to 179.9 degrees from east longitude, and the latitude range is 89.95 degrees from south latitude to 89.95 degrees from north latitude. And extracting data values of the research sites at different moments from each data file to form a reanalysis data time sequence.
Step two: and verifying and analyzing the reliability of the information of the tidal wave characteristic of the data extraction research site.
The mooring observation data at the same geographical position are used, the same research time and the same research time period are selected, the root mean square error of the measured data and the reanalysis data is calculated, the time sequences of the two data in the research time period are subjected to harmonic analysis, and harmonic analysis constants are compared, so that the fact that the reanalysis data are used for extracting the internal tidal wave information at the research site is proved to be reliable.
Step three: the study period was finely divided.
And analyzing the fluctuation condition of the underwater isotherm in the whole time period, dividing the whole time period into different sub-time periods according to the condition that the same temperature isotherm changes along with the time and distributes depth under water, and dividing the time with the close distribution depth into the same time period.
Step four: and calculating the temperature contour fluctuation amplitude value.
The method extracts the isotherm distribution of a certain temperature from the isotherm distribution of various temperatures under water, extracts 20 ℃ isotherms, and calculates the average position of the 20 ℃ isotherms distributed under water in different sub-periods. And in each sub-time period, the difference is made between the actual position and the average position of the isotherm to obtain the fluctuation amplitude value of the isotherm.
Step five: and D, extracting the characteristic information of the internal tidal wave by using the isothermal line fluctuation amplitude value obtained in the step four.
And (3) carrying out harmonic analysis on the isotherm fluctuation amplitude value sequence in each sub-time period to obtain a harmonic constant of the main tide of the internal tide, and analyzing the harmonic constant of the main tide to obtain the characteristic information of the internal tide.
Claims (2)
1. The method for extracting the internal tide features is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: preprocessing the marine reanalysis data: extracting data values of research sites at different moments from each ocean reanalysis data file to form a reanalysis data time sequence;
step two: verifying and analyzing the reliability of the information of the interior tide wave characteristic of the data extraction research site;
step three: finely dividing the research time period;
step four: calculating an isotherm fluctuation amplitude value;
step five: and D, extracting the characteristic information of the internal tidal wave by using the isothermal line fluctuation amplitude value obtained in the step four.
2. The method for extracting the internal tide feature as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the reliability of the information of the tidal wave characteristic of the verification reanalysis data extraction research site specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2.1: calculating root mean square error of reanalyzed data and mooring observation data
Step 2.2: reconciliation analysis result comparison of reanalyzed data and mooring observation data
Step 2.3: and when the difference between the root mean square error and the harmonic constant meets the reliability judgment condition, judging the system to be reliable.
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