CN111691880B - Drill cuttings amount and drill cuttings particle size distribution orifice while drilling automatic measuring device and method - Google Patents

Drill cuttings amount and drill cuttings particle size distribution orifice while drilling automatic measuring device and method Download PDF

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CN111691880B
CN111691880B CN202010599668.8A CN202010599668A CN111691880B CN 111691880 B CN111691880 B CN 111691880B CN 202010599668 A CN202010599668 A CN 202010599668A CN 111691880 B CN111691880 B CN 111691880B
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drilling
cuttings
drill cuttings
drill
gas
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CN111691880A (en
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文光才
***
隆清明
赵旭生
邹云龙
饶家龙
刘娟
李朝辉
李柏均
唐勇
任文贤
常宇
周锦萱
邱飞
周燕
江旭
杨娟
苏莉
兰祥云
张森林
曾银松
张卫东
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CCTEG Chongqing Research Institute Co Ltd
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CCTEG Chongqing Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • E21B49/005Testing the nature of borehole walls or the formation by using drilling mud or cutting data
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07BSEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B1/00Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like
    • B07B1/28Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting or wobbling screens
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/34Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01DMEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D21/00Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
    • G01D21/02Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining and coal mine safety, and relates to a drilling cuttings amount and drilling cuttings granularity distribution orifice automatic measurement device and a method thereof while drilling, wherein the device comprises a drilling and hole sealing system, a gas-slag separation system and a drilling cuttings screening system which are sequentially communicated with the drilling and hole sealing system, and a measurement system acting on the drilling cuttings screening system; the measuring system comprises a weighing sensor matched with the drilling cuttings screening system and a measuring instrument communicated with the weighing sensor. According to the invention, by the drilling cutting collecting, separating, screening and real-time measuring method, the drilling cutting amount and the like in the underground drilling process are accurately measured in real time, such as the accumulated drilling cutting amount, the accumulated drilling cutting amount per unit footage, the drilling cutting amount of various granularities per unit footage and the like, and reliable data are provided for predicting coal and gas outburst and predicting dynamic phenomena such as jet holes and the like.

Description

Drill cuttings amount and drill cuttings particle size distribution orifice while drilling automatic measuring device and method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining and coal mine safety, and relates to a drilling cuttings amount and drilling cuttings particle size distribution orifice while drilling automatic measuring device and method.
Background
Coal is a foundation stone of energy in China, and China is also one of the most serious countries in the world with coal and gas outburst disasters. The coal and gas outburst is an abnormal dynamic phenomenon that broken coal, rock and gas are suddenly thrown out to a mining space from a coal body or a rock body under the combined action of ground stress and gas, is a strong natural disaster in underground coal mine production, seriously threatens the safety production of a coal mine, and has great destructiveness.
The scientific and accurate prediction of the coal and gas outburst is a premise and key point for guiding the reasonable and effective implementation of coal and gas outburst prevention and control measures, and the prediction of the coal and gas outburst has great practical significance. On the other hand, with the increase of the mining depth, the dynamic phenomena such as spray holes and the like in the drilling process are more prominent. The amount of cuttings is one of the key indicators of coal and gas outburst, and has been widely used in recent years to predict the risk of coal and gas outburst. In engineering practice, it is also found that during drilling in a deep mine, the drill cuttings in the amount or a certain particle size are increased sharply before dynamic phenomena such as jet holes occur. Therefore, the drilling cuttings amount and the drilling cuttings particle size distribution are dynamically measured in real time, and the method has important significance for coal and gas outburst prediction and orifice prediction. However, there is currently a lack of equipment and methods for measuring the amount and size distribution of drill cuttings in real time during drilling.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide an automatic measurement device and method for drill cuttings quantity and drill cuttings particle size distribution while drilling, which overcome the defect of lacking equipment and method for measuring drill cuttings quantity and particle size distribution in real time during the underground drilling process of a coal mine, and provide reliable data for prediction of coal and gas outburst and prediction of dynamic phenomena such as orifice.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: an automatic measurement device while drilling for drill cuttings quantity and drill cuttings particle size distribution orifices comprises a drilling and hole sealing system, a gas-slag separation system, a drill cuttings screening system and a measurement system, wherein the gas-slag separation system and the drill cuttings screening system are sequentially communicated with the drilling and hole sealing system;
the measuring system comprises a weighing sensor matched with the drilling cuttings screening system and a measuring instrument communicated with the weighing sensor.
Optionally, the drilling and sealing system comprises a drilling machine, a drill rod and an orifice hole packer, and the orifice hole packer is communicated with the gas-slag separation system through a pipeline.
Optionally, the gas-slag separation system comprises a collecting cylinder and a screw conveyer, a filter screen is installed in the collecting cylinder, a pipeline opening communicated with the drilling and hole sealing system is arranged at a position, lower than the filter screen, in the collecting cylinder, one end of the screw conveyer is communicated with a position, lower than the filter screen, on the collecting cylinder, and the other end of the screw conveyer is communicated with the drilling cutting screening system.
Optionally, the mesh diameter of the screen is less than 1 mm.
Optionally, the gas-slag separation system further comprises a drainage pipeline, a liquid level observation window, a water outlet and a water injection port which are arranged on the collecting barrel, and an ejector is further arranged on the drainage pipeline.
Optionally, the drilling cutting screening system includes the shale shaker and with this shale shaker cooperation setting more than 1 material cup that the gas-slag separation system intercommunication sets up, and weighing sensor acts on the material cup bottom.
Optionally, the vibrating screen is a pneumatic explosion-proof vibrating screen.
The automatic measurement while drilling method for the drill cuttings quantity and drill cuttings granularity distribution hole opening is applied to the automatic measurement while drilling device for the drill cuttings quantity and drill cuttings granularity distribution hole opening, and comprises the following steps:
s1, in the drilling process of the drilling and hole sealing system, the drill cuttings and gas mixture enter a gas-slag separation system, after the drill cuttings are separated from the gas, the drill cuttings enter a drill cuttings screening system, and the drill cuttings are screened into the drill cuttings with the particle sizes being less than or equal to 1mm, 1-3mm, 3-6mm and more than or equal to 6mm under the action of the drill cuttings screening system;
s2, measuring the weight of the drill cuttings when the unit footage is measured by a weighing sensor, and respectively recording the weight as S x1 、S x2 、S x3 And S x4 The total drilling cuttings per footage is S x =S x1 +S x2 +S x3 +S x4 Cumulative amount of cuttings drilled to current depth
Figure GDA0003770033640000021
Wherein X represents the current borehole depth;
s3, the measuring instrument displays the following data: cumulative drilling cuttings quantity S General assembly Unit footage total drilling cuttings quantity S x And the unit footage is graded with the granularity quality S x1 、S x2 、S x3 And, andS x4 drawing a histogram;
s4 total cuttings weight S x Sudden increase, or S in graded-grain-size quality x1 、S x2 、S x3 And S x4 When one quality in the measuring instrument is suddenly increased, the measuring instrument gives an alarm.
Optionally, S x1 、S x2 、S x3 And S x4 A certain quality in (2) suddenly increases, as shown by the map peak transformation plotted as a histogram with graded granularity qualities Sx1, Sx2, Sx3, and Sx 4.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention discloses a drilling cuttings amount and drilling cuttings granularity distribution orifice while drilling automatic measuring device and method, wherein a plurality of layers of filter screens are arranged in a vibration bin, each layer of filter screen is provided with a corresponding mesh diameter, coal dust with the granularity diameter larger than that of a certain layer is remained on the layer, and the coal dust with the granularity diameter smaller than that of the certain layer is filtered from the layer, so that the drilling cuttings with different granularity diameter grades can be obtained in corresponding material cups, the quality of the drilling cuttings with different granularity diameter grades can be measured in real time through a weight sensor, the measured data is transmitted to a measuring instrument, the drilling cuttings amount with different granularity diameter grades displayed on the measuring instrument in real time provides reliable data for coal and gas outburst prediction, orifice dynamic phenomenon prediction and the like. Therefore, corresponding processing and adjustment can be carried out before abnormal conditions occur, and powerful guarantee is provided for the safety of operators and the service life of drilling equipment.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an automatic measurement-while-drilling device for measuring the amount of drill cuttings and the particle size distribution of drill cuttings according to the present invention.
Reference numerals are as follows: the device comprises a drilling machine 1, a spiral conveyor 2, an orifice hole packer 3, a drill rod 4, an ejector 5, a collecting cylinder 6, a liquid level observation window 7, a filter screen 8, a water injection port 9, a vibrating screen 10, a material cup 11, a weighing sensor 12, a measuring instrument 13 and a drainage pipeline 14.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments of the present invention are provided by way of specific examples, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in the drawings in which there is no intention to limit the invention thereto; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the specific meaning of the terms described above will be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Referring to fig. 1, an automatic measurement device while drilling for measuring the amount of drill cuttings and the size distribution of drill cuttings comprises a drilling and sealing system, a gas-slag separation system and a drill cuttings sieving system which are sequentially communicated with the drilling and sealing system, and a measurement system acting on the drill cuttings sieving system; the measurement system includes a load cell 12 for use with the cuttings screening system and a measurement instrument 13 in communication with the load cell 12. The drilling and hole sealing system comprises a drilling machine 1, a drill rod 4 and an orifice hole packer 3, wherein the orifice hole packer 3 is communicated with the gas-slag separation system through a pipeline; the gas-slag separation system comprises a collecting cylinder 6 and a spiral conveyor 2, a filter screen 8 is installed in the collecting cylinder 6, a pipeline opening communicated with a drilling and hole sealing system is arranged at a position, lower than the filter screen 8, in the collecting cylinder 6, one end of the spiral conveyor 2 is communicated with a position, lower than the filter screen 8, on the collecting cylinder 6, the other end of the spiral conveyor is communicated with a drilling chip screening system, the diameter of a mesh of the filter screen 8 is smaller than 1mm, a steam pocket formed by gas and drilling chips can be better separated after passing through the screen, the top of the spiral conveyor 2 is higher than the liquid level of the collecting cylinder 6, and driving devices of the spiral conveyor 2 are pneumatic explosion-proof motors, so that the gas-slag separation system has the characteristics of explosion prevention and fire prevention, and the risk of fire and explosion is reduced; the gas-slag separation system also comprises a drainage pipeline 14, a liquid level observation window 7, a water outlet and a water filling port 9 which are arranged on the collecting cylinder 6, wherein an ejector 5 is also arranged on the drainage pipeline 14 to control the gas flow rate in the collecting cylinder 6, so that the gas can better enter a drainage pipeline, and the occurrence of the local gas overrun condition is avoided; the drilling cutting screening system comprises a vibrating screen 10 communicated with the gas-slag separation system and 4 material cups 11 matched with the vibrating screen 10, a weighing sensor 12 acts on the bottom of each material cup 11, and the vibrating screen 10 is divided into four stages, namely, the four-stage particle size distribution rule of the drilling cutting quantity can be measured; the screen of the vibrating screen 10 can be replaced according to the actual situation on site, and the screen can also be added, so that the measurement of the drilling cuttings with more detailed particle size distribution is realized, and the vibrating screen 10 is a pneumatic explosion-proof vibrating screen; the material cup 11 is of a hollow structure, and when the coal sample in the material cup 11 needs to be emptied, the coal sample in the material cup 11 can automatically fall down after the weighing sensor 12 opposite to the material cup 11 is translated for a certain distance.
In this embodiment, the hole sealing system has fabulous leakproofness, and the process of creeping into at the drill bit can produce a large amount of dusts, and the thinness of spouting of dust can worsen operational environment, causes the threat to staff's life health safety, guarantees that the leakproofness of hole sealing system is the leading condition who avoids above-mentioned condition to take place.
In the embodiment, a large amount of water is filled in the collecting cylinder 6 in the gas-slag separation system, so that dust generated in the drilling process can be deposited in the water, the possibility of spraying the dust in the collecting cylinder 6 is eliminated, and a good operating environment of the whole device is ensured; meanwhile, water injected into the collecting cylinder 6 in the gas-slag separation system can also realize solid-gas separation, gas floats to the air above the cylinder after entering the collecting cylinder 6, and the tightness of the collecting cylinder 6 is enough to ensure that the gas cannot leak, so that a temporary storage space is provided for the gas, and the subsequent treatment is facilitated.
The automatic measurement while drilling method for the drill cuttings quantity and drill cuttings granularity distribution hole opening is applied to the automatic measurement while drilling device for the drill cuttings quantity and drill cuttings granularity distribution hole opening, and comprises the following steps:
s1, in the drilling process of the drilling and hole sealing system, the coal dust and gas mixture enters a collecting cylinder 6 through an orifice hole sealing device 3, the coal dust falls into the bottom of the collecting cylinder 6 and enters a drilling cutting screening system through a spiral conveyor 2, and the drilling cutting is screened into drilling cuttings with the particle sizes of less than or equal to 1mm, 1-3mm, 3-6mm and more than or equal to 6mm under the action of the drilling cutting screening system;
s2, the weighing sensor 12 at the bottom of the material cup 11 measures the weight of the drill cuttings in the material cup 11 when the unit footage is taken, and the weight is respectively marked as S x1 、S x2 、S x3 And S x4 The total drilling cuttings per footage is S x =S x1 +S x2 +S x3 +S x4 Cumulative amount of cuttings drilled to current depth
Figure GDA0003770033640000051
Wherein X represents the current borehole depth;
s3, the measuring instrument 13 displays the following data: cumulative amount of cuttings S General assembly Unit footage total drilling cuttings quantity S x And the unit footage is graded with the granularity quality S x1 、S x2 、S x3 And S x4 Drawing a histogram;
s4 total cuttings weight S x Sudden increase, or S in graded-grain-size quality x1 、S x2 、S x3 And S x4 When a certain quality in the measuring instrument is suddenly increased, the measuring instrument 13 gives out sound and light alarm.
In step S4, when S is detected x1 、S x2 、S x3 And S x4 A certain quality in (a) suddenly increases, as shown by the map peak transformation on the histograms plotted with the hierarchical granularity quality Sx1, Sx2, Sx3, and Sx 4.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The utility model provides a drill chip volume and drill chip particle size distribution drill while drilling automatic measuring device which characterized in that: the drilling and hole sealing device comprises a drilling and hole sealing system, a gas-slag separation system, a drilling cutting screening system and a measuring system, wherein the gas-slag separation system and the drilling cutting screening system are sequentially communicated with the drilling and hole sealing system;
the measuring system comprises a weighing sensor matched with the drilling cutting screening system for use and a measuring instrument communicated with the weighing sensor, the drilling and hole sealing system comprises a drilling machine, a drill rod and a hole opening packer, the hole opening packer is communicated with the gas-slag separation system through a pipeline, the gas-slag separation system comprises a collecting cylinder and a spiral conveyor, a filter screen is installed in the collecting cylinder, a pipeline opening communicated with the drilling and hole sealing system is arranged at a position lower than the filter screen in the collecting cylinder, one end of the spiral conveyor is communicated with a position lower than the filter screen on the collecting cylinder, and the other end of the spiral conveyor is communicated with the drilling cutting screening system; gas-slag separation system still puts pipeline, liquid level observation window and water filling port including the pump drainage that sets up on the collecting vessel, should take out and still be provided with the ejector on putting the pipeline, drill chip screening system include with the shale shaker of gas-slag separation system intercommunication and with 1 above material cup that the shale shaker cooperation set up, weighing sensor acts on material cup bottom.
2. The device for automatically measuring the quantity of drill cuttings and the particle size distribution of the drill cuttings while drilling according to claim 1, wherein: the mesh diameter of the filter screen is less than 1 mm.
3. The device for automatically measuring the quantity of drill cuttings and the particle size distribution of the drill cuttings while drilling according to claim 1, wherein: the vibrating screen is a pneumatic explosion-proof vibrating screen.
4. An automatic measurement while drilling method for drill cutting quantity and drill cutting granularity distribution orifices is applied to the automatic measurement while drilling device for drill cutting quantity and drill cutting granularity distribution orifices according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, in the drilling process of the drilling and hole sealing system, the drill cuttings and gas mixture enter a gas-slag separation system, after the drill cuttings are separated from the gas, the drill cuttings enter a drill cuttings screening system, and the drill cuttings are screened into the drill cuttings with the grain sizes of less than or equal to 1mm, 1-3mm, 3-6mm and more than or equal to 6mm under the action of the drill cuttings screening system;
s2, measuring the weight of the drill cuttings when the unit footage is measured by a weighing sensor, and respectively recording the weight as S x1 、S x2 、S x3 And S x4 The total drilling cuttings per footage is S x =S x1 +S x2 +S x3 +S x4 Cumulative drill cuttings volume drilled to current depth
Figure FDA0003770033630000011
Wherein X represents the current borehole depth;
s3, the measuring instrument showsData: cumulative amount of cuttings S General assembly Unit footage total drilling cuttings quantity S x And grading the particle size quality S by unit footage x1 、S x2 、S x3 And S x4 Drawing a histogram;
s4 total cuttings weight S x Sudden increase, or S in graded-grain-size quality x1 、S x2 、S x3 And S x4 When one quality is suddenly increased, the measuring instrument gives an alarm.
5. The method for automatically measuring the drill cuttings quantity and the drill cuttings granularity distribution orifice while drilling according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s x1 、S x2 、S x3 And S x4 A certain quality in (2) suddenly increases, as shown by the map peak transformation plotted as a histogram with graded granularity qualities Sx1, Sx2, Sx3, and Sx 4.
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