CN111690868A - Isothermal quenching vermicular graphite cast iron and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Isothermal quenching vermicular graphite cast iron and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111690868A CN111690868A CN202010426811.3A CN202010426811A CN111690868A CN 111690868 A CN111690868 A CN 111690868A CN 202010426811 A CN202010426811 A CN 202010426811A CN 111690868 A CN111690868 A CN 111690868A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
- C21D1/20—Isothermal quenching, e.g. bainitic hardening
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of vermicular graphite cast iron, and particularly relates to isothermal quenching vermicular graphite cast iron and a preparation method thereof; the chemical components by weight percentage are as follows: c: 3.6-3.8%, Si: 2.4-2.8%, Mn: 0.1-0.3%, P: less than or equal to 0.06 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.04 percent, Cu: 0.6-0.8%, Mo: 0.08-0.2%, Ni: 0.8-2% and the balance of iron; s1: heating an as-cast vermicular graphite cast iron sample to 780-915 ℃; s2: placing the casting completely austenitized in the step S1 into a quenching tank, wherein an isothermal quenching S medium is filled in the quenching tank, the isothermal quenching temperature is 340-400 ℃, and the isothermal quenching time is 10-14 min; s3: placing the casting subjected to the primary isothermal quenching in the step S2 into a conventional quenching tank, wherein the quenching temperature is 290-330 ℃, and the isothermal quenching time is 28-38 min; then taking out the casting, and placing the casting in the air to naturally cool to room temperature; the invention improves the fatigue resistance and the plastic deformation capacity of the vermicular cast iron.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vermicular graphite cast iron, and particularly relates to isothermal quenching vermicular graphite cast iron and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The vermicular graphite cast iron is a novel engineering material with graphite form between flake and sphere, has good thermal conductivity and shock absorption of gray cast iron and good wear resistance and high strength of nodular cast iron, and can be used for manufacturing diesel engine bodies, cylinder covers, steel ingot molds and glass molds, and can also be used for manufacturing cylinder liners, brake pads, brake drums, intake and exhaust manifolds and the like.
The isothermal quenching process is a quenching process that a steel piece is heated to austenitize and homogenize, then is rapidly cooled to a bainite transformation temperature range of 260400 ℃, is placed into a nitrate bath or an alkali bath with the temperature slightly higher than Ms point, is kept isothermal for a certain time to transform austenite into bainite, and is taken out and placed in air to be cooled.
Chinese patent discloses isothermal quenching vermicular cast iron and a preparation method thereof, wherein the patent application number is 2016110353615, the vermicular cast iron piece is heated to austenitizing temperature, and heat preservation treatment is carried out until austenite carbon is saturated; quickly placing the treated vermicular cast iron casting into an isothermal quenching medium, and cooling to a temperature above the martensite start transformation temperature and a bainite transformation temperature region for isothermal quenching; and (3) placing the austempered vermicular cast iron piece in air, and naturally cooling to room temperature to finish the preparation of the austempered vermicular cast iron. By adopting the scheme of the invention, the vermicular cast iron is prepared after isothermal quenching treatment.
Although the existing vermicular cast iron has a certain heat conduction type, for some medium and large vermicular cast irons, because of different added structure components, the cooling speed is low when the medium and large vermicular cast irons are subjected to isothermal quenching, isothermal quenching structures are not easy to obtain, and the fatigue strength and plasticity of the vermicular cast iron are poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the isothermal quenching vermicular cast iron and the preparation method thereof, which are mainly used for solving the problems that although the existing vermicular cast iron has a certain heat conduction type, the cooling speed is low and the isothermal quenching structure is difficult to obtain during isothermal quenching of medium and large vermicular cast irons, which are easily caused by different added structure components of the medium and large vermicular cast irons, so that the fatigue strength and the plasticity of the vermicular cast iron are poor.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to isothermal quenching vermicular cast iron which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 3.6-3.8%, Si: 2.4-2.8%, Mn: 0.1-0.3%, P: less than or equal to 0.06 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.04 percent, Cu: 0.6-0.8%, Mo: 0.08-0.2%, Ni: 0.8-2% and the balance of iron;
wherein, during the casting smelting process, added alloy elements such as Cu, Ni and Mo are often added into molten iron in a mixed form, and the addition of the elements is not for increasing the strength or hardness of a product, but for enhancing the hardenability of the vermicular cast iron during heat treatment; when the medium and large castings are quenched, the cooling speed is low, and isothermal quenching structures are not easy to obtain, so that compared with small castings, the large castings need to be added with Cu, Ni and Mo alloy elements, and the medium and large castings can be improved to have good fatigue strength and plasticity;
mo is an element having strong hardenability in castings, and is required in castings of large cross sections to prevent the generation of pearlite.
The preparation method of the isothermal quenching vermicular cast iron is suitable for the production and preparation of the vermicular cast iron and comprises the following steps:
s1: austenitizing the casting: heating an as-cast vermicular cast iron sample to 780-915 ℃, and preserving heat in the area until the structure is completely austenitized;
s2: primary isothermal quenching: putting the casting completely austenitized in the step S1 into a quenching tank, wherein an isothermal quenching medium is filled in the quenching tank, the isothermal quenching temperature is 340-400 ℃, and the isothermal quenching time is 10-14 min; firstly, performing primary isothermal quenching on a casting to enable ferrite to be rapidly cooled at low temperature to form nuclei, so that the nucleation rate is increased, the size of austenite grains is reduced, and the fatigue resistance and the plastic deformation capacity of the vermicular cast iron are improved;
s3: conventional isothermal quenching: placing the casting subjected to the primary isothermal quenching in the step S2 into a conventional quenching tank, wherein the quenching temperature is 290-330 ℃, and the isothermal quenching time is 28-38 min; then taking out the casting, placing the casting in air, and naturally cooling to room temperature to finish the preparation of the isothermal quenching vermicular cast iron; the Ni can slightly reduce the tensile strength of the vermicular cast iron at the isothermal quenching temperature of 290-330 ℃, but can enhance the plasticity and fracture toughness of the vermicular cast iron;
wherein, in the step S2, the quenching tank is filled with quenching medium, and a casting storage rack is movably arranged in the quenching tank; a plurality of vermicular graphite castings are uniformly placed in the casting storage rack, and the casting storage rack is used for carrying out shaking quenching operation in a quenching tank through a casting shaking device.
Preferably, the casting shaking device comprises a shaking screen plate, a steel wire rope, a wire guide roller, a support frame, a winding reel and an elastic baffle plate; the upper end surfaces of two sides of the shaking screen plate are fixed with steel wire ropes, and the shaking screen plate is arranged in the quenching tank in a sliding manner; the end parts of the steel wire ropes are wound on the outer wall of the winding reel by bypassing the wire guide rollers, and the wire guide rollers are symmetrically arranged on the upper walls of the left side and the right side of the quenching bath through the support frames; the winding reel is rotatably arranged on the outer walls of the left side and the right side of the quenching bath through a support frame, and the end part of a rotating shaft in the winding reel is connected with the output end of a driving motor; a plurality of elastic baffles are uniformly arranged on the upper end surface of the shaking screen plate at intervals, and the upper end surfaces of the elastic baffles support the casting storage rack; when the device works, after vermicular graphite castings are transferred to the casting storage rack, the casting storage rack is placed above the shaking screen plate by the manipulator, the casting storage rack is supported by the vertically arranged elastic baffle plate, then the controller controls the driving motors on two sides of the quenching tank to synchronously and positively rotate, the steel wire ropes wound on the winding reel are placed, the shaking screen plate and the gravity of the castings sink into a quenching medium in the quenching tank, and the driving motors stop rotating; the vermicular graphite castings are allowed to stand and cooled in a quenching medium of a quenching tank, then a controller controls a driving motor on one side of the quenching tank to rotate reversely, the driving motor can drive a steel wire rope on one side of the quenching tank to pull upwards, one side of a shaking screen plate swings upwards, then the driving motor rotates forwards, one side of the shaking screen plate moves downwards, the driving motor on the other side of the quenching tank is controlled to rotate forwards, the other side of the shaking screen plate swings upwards, and then the steps are repeated, so that the vermicular graphite castings on the shaking screen plate can swing left and right in the quenching tank to be cooled, the primary quick cooling effect of the large and medium-sized vermicular graphite castings in the quenching tank is further improved, and isothermal quenching tissues can be quickly obtained; meanwhile, the elastic baffle plates can prevent the vermicular ink castings from colliding with each other when swinging, so that the vermicular ink castings are damaged, and high-quality isothermal quenching of the vermicular ink castings is influenced; after the preliminary isothermal quenching of the vermicular graphite casting is finished, the controller controls the driving motors on the two sides to synchronously and positively rotate, the steel wire rope can drive the shaking screen plate and the casting storage rack to move upwards, the vermicular graphite casting is separated from a quenching medium, and then the manipulator clamps the casting storage rack and transfers the casting storage rack into a quenching tank for secondary isothermal quenching operation.
Preferably, the bottom end face of the casting storage rack is uniformly provided with a steel wire mesh cover, and the steel wire mesh cover is inserted between two adjacent elastic baffles; a vermicular ink casting is stored in the steel wire mesh enclosure; when the peristaltic ink screen plate swings left and right, the peristaltic ink casting can swing in the steel wire screen plate in an arc manner, and the steel wire screen plate and the elastic baffle plate are matched to further limit the swinging of the peristaltic ink workpiece; meanwhile, when the casting storage rack is taken out, the quenching medium bonded on the quenched vermicular cast can be filtered and fall off through the steel wire mesh enclosure, so that the phenomenon that the quenching medium is bonded on the vermicular cast and generates bubbles on the vermicular cast after air cooling is prevented, and further high-quality production operation of the vermicular cast is influenced.
Preferably, clamping grooves are uniformly formed in the bottom end face of the casting storage rack, are located on two sides of the steel wire mesh enclosure, and are clamped to the upper end face of the elastic baffle; springs are fixedly arranged on two side walls of the clamping groove, and the end parts of the springs are arranged in extrusion contact with the outer wall of the upper end of the elastic baffle; the during operation, when the top of shake otter board is put into to the foundry goods storage rack, the block recess that foundry goods storage rack bottom end face was seted up can block into the upper end of elastic baffle, the spring that sets up in the block recess simultaneously can laminate the both sides of contacting elastic baffle, when the shake otter board produces the horizontal hunting, elastic baffle passes through the block recess and is spacing to the block of foundry goods storage rack, when can preventing to shake the otter board horizontal hunting, because contact setting between foundry goods storage rack and the elastic baffle, make the foundry goods storage rack produce the phenomenon of horizontal slip at the elastic baffle up end, and then lead to the foundry goods storage rack to strike on the inner wall of quenching bath, and then the high quality safety quenching operation of influence vermicular graphite foundry goods, the quick cooling effect of vermicular graphite foundry goods has been influenced simultaneously.
Preferably, a flowing cavity is formed in the elastic baffle, and the bottom end of the flowing cavity is communicated with meshes of the shaking screen plate; flow guide holes are formed in the two side walls of the flow cavity, and the upper end of the flow cavity is made of hard metal materials; when the vibrating screen plate is used, when the vibrating screen plate is shaken left and right in the quenching tank, a quenching medium in the quenching tank enters the flowing cavity through the meshes of the vibrating screen plate and then flows into the steel wire mesh enclosure through the flow guide holes on the two sides of the flowing cavity to be contacted with the swinging vermicular graphite casting, so that the rapid and efficient isothermal quenching operation of the quenching medium in the quenching tank on the vermicular graphite casting is further improved.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention adds alloy elements such as Cu, Ni and Mo into the molten iron in a mixed mode, and the addition of the elements is not used for increasing the strength or hardness of a product but used for enhancing the hardenability of the vermicular cast iron during heat treatment; when the medium and large castings are quenched, the cooling speed is low, and isothermal quenching structures are not easy to obtain, so that compared with small castings, the large castings need to be added with Cu, Ni and Mo alloy elements, and the medium and large castings can be improved to have good fatigue strength and plasticity.
2. According to the invention, the vermicular graphite castings on the vibrating screen plate can be cooled in a quenching tank in a left-right swinging manner, so that the primary quick cooling effect of large and medium-sized vermicular graphite castings in the quenching tank is further improved, and isothermal quenching tissues can be quickly obtained; meanwhile, the elastic baffle plates can prevent the vermicular ink castings from colliding with each other when swinging, so that the vermicular ink castings are damaged, and high-quality isothermal quenching of the vermicular ink castings is influenced.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the quench cell of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the quench cell of the present invention;
in the figure: the quenching bath 1, the casting storage rack 2, the clamping groove 21, the shaking screen plate 3, the steel wire rope 4, the wire roller 5, the support frame 6, the winding reel 7, the elastic baffle 8, the flow cavity 81, the flow guide hole 82, the steel wire mesh enclosure 9 and the spring 10.
Detailed Description
An austempered vermicular cast iron and a preparation method thereof according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the isothermal quenching vermicular graphite cast iron comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 3.6%, Si: 2.4%, Mn: 0.1%, P: 0.06%, S: 0.04%, Cu: 0.6, Mo: 0.08%, Ni: 0.8 percent, and the balance of iron; the isothermal quenching vermicular cast iron preparation method is adopted to prepare vermicular cast iron;
example two:
the isothermal quenching vermicular graphite cast iron comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 3.67%, Si: 2.55%, Mn: 0.17%, P: 0.06%, S: 0.04%, Cu: 0.67%, Mo: 0.12%, Ni: 1.1 percent and the balance of iron; the isothermal quenching vermicular cast iron preparation method is adopted to prepare vermicular cast iron;
example three:
the isothermal quenching vermicular graphite cast iron comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 3.72%, Si: 2.68%, Mn: 0.22%, P: 0.06%, S: 0.04%, Cu: 0.73%, Mo: 0.16%, Ni: 1.5 percent, and the balance of iron; the isothermal quenching vermicular cast iron preparation method is adopted to prepare vermicular cast iron;
example four:
the isothermal quenching vermicular graphite cast iron comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 3.8%, Si: 2.8%, Mn: 0.3%, P: 0.06%, S: 0.04%, Cu: 0.8%, Mo: 0.2%, Ni: 2 percent of iron, and the balance of iron; the isothermal quenching vermicular cast iron preparation method is adopted to prepare vermicular cast iron;
as shown in fig. 1-3, the method for preparing austempered vermicular cast iron is suitable for the production and preparation of the vermicular cast iron, and comprises the following steps:
s1: austenitizing the casting: heating an as-cast vermicular cast iron sample to 780-915 ℃, and preserving heat in the area until the structure is completely austenitized;
s2: primary isothermal quenching: putting the casting completely austenitized in the step S1 into a quenching bath 1, wherein an isothermal quenching medium is filled in the quenching bath 1, the isothermal quenching temperature is 340-400 ℃, and the isothermal quenching time is 10-14 min; firstly, performing primary isothermal quenching on a casting to enable ferrite to be rapidly cooled at low temperature to form nuclei, so that the nucleation rate is increased, the size of austenite grains is reduced, and the fatigue resistance and the plastic deformation capacity of the vermicular cast iron are improved;
s3: conventional isothermal quenching: placing the casting subjected to the primary isothermal quenching in the step S2 into a conventional quenching tank, wherein the quenching temperature is 290-330 ℃, and the isothermal quenching time is 28-38 min; then taking out the casting, placing the casting in air, and naturally cooling to room temperature to finish the preparation of the isothermal quenching vermicular cast iron; the Ni can slightly reduce the tensile strength of the vermicular cast iron at the isothermal quenching temperature of 290-330 ℃, but can enhance the plasticity and fracture toughness of the vermicular cast iron;
in the step S2, a quenching medium is filled in the quenching bath 1, and a casting storage rack 2 is movably arranged in the quenching bath 1; a plurality of vermicular graphite castings are uniformly placed in the casting storage rack 2, and the casting storage rack 2 is used for shaking quenching operation in the quenching tank 1 through a casting shaking device.
As an embodiment of the invention, the casting shaking device comprises a shaking screen plate 3, a steel wire rope 4, a wire guide roller 5, a support frame 6, a winding reel 7 and an elastic baffle plate 8; the upper end surfaces of two sides of the shaking screen plate 3 are fixed with steel wire ropes 4, and the shaking screen plate 3 is arranged in the quenching bath 1 in a sliding manner; the end part of the steel wire rope 4 is wound on the outer wall of a winding reel 7 by bypassing the wire guide roller 5, and the wire guide roller 5 is symmetrically arranged on the upper walls of the left side and the right side of the quenching bath 1 by a support frame 6; the winding reel 7 is rotatably arranged on the outer walls of the left side and the right side of the quenching bath 1 through a support frame 6, and the end part of a rotating shaft in the winding reel 7 is connected with the output end of a driving motor; a plurality of elastic baffles 8 are uniformly arranged on the upper end surface of the shaking screen plate 3 at intervals, and the upper end surfaces of the elastic baffles 8 support the casting storage rack 2; when the device works, after vermicular graphite castings are transferred to the casting storage rack 2, the casting storage rack 2 is placed above the shaking screen plate 3 by the manipulator, the casting storage rack 2 is supported by the vertically arranged elastic baffle 8, then the controller controls the driving motors on two sides of the quenching tank 1 to synchronously and positively rotate, the steel wire rope 4 wound on the winding reel 7 is placed, the shaking screen plate 3 and the gravity of the castings sink into a quenching medium in the quenching tank 1, and the driving motors stop rotating; the vermicular graphite castings are allowed to stand and cool in a quenching medium of a quenching tank 1, then a controller controls a driving motor on one side of the quenching tank 1 to rotate reversely, the driving motor can drive a steel wire rope 4 on one side of the quenching tank 1 to pull upwards, one side of a shaking screen plate 3 swings upwards, then the driving motor rotates forwards, one side of the shaking screen plate 3 moves downwards, the driving motor on the other side of the quenching tank 1 is controlled to rotate forwards, the other side of the shaking screen plate 3 swings upwards, and then the steps are repeated, so that the vermicular graphite castings on the shaking screen plate 3 can swing left and right in the quenching tank 1 to be cooled, the primary quick cooling effect of the large and medium vermicular graphite castings in the quenching tank 1 is further improved, and isothermal quenching tissues can be quickly obtained; meanwhile, the elastic baffle 8 can prevent the vermicular cast from colliding with each other when swinging, so that the vermicular cast is damaged, and high-quality isothermal quenching of the vermicular cast is influenced; after the preliminary isothermal quenching of the vermicular graphite casting is finished, the controller controls the driving motors on the two sides to synchronously and positively rotate, the steel wire rope 4 drives the shaking screen plate 3 and the casting storage rack 2 to move upwards, so that the vermicular graphite casting is separated from a quenching medium, and then the casting storage rack 2 is clamped by the manipulator and transferred into a quenching tank for secondary isothermal quenching operation.
As an embodiment of the invention, the bottom end face of the casting storage rack 2 is uniformly provided with the steel wire mesh enclosures 9, and the steel wire mesh enclosures 9 are inserted between two adjacent elastic baffles 8; a vermicular ink casting is stored in the steel wire mesh enclosure 9; when the peristaltic ink screen 3 swings left and right, the peristaltic ink casting can swing in the steel wire screen 9, and the steel wire screen 9 and the elastic baffle 8 are matched to further limit the swinging of the peristaltic ink workpiece; meanwhile, when the casting storage rack 2 is taken out, the quenching medium bonded on the quenched vermicular cast can be filtered and fall off through the steel wire mesh enclosure 9, so that the phenomenon that the quenching medium is bonded on the vermicular cast and generates bubbles on the vermicular cast after being cooled by air is prevented, and further high-quality production operation of the vermicular cast is influenced.
As an embodiment of the invention, the bottom end surface of the casting storage rack 2 is uniformly provided with clamping grooves 21, the clamping grooves 21 are located on two sides of the steel wire mesh enclosure 9, and the clamping grooves 21 are clamped to the upper end surface of the elastic baffle 8; the two side walls of the clamping groove 21 are fixedly provided with springs 10, and the end parts of the springs 10 are in pressing contact with the outer wall of the upper end of the elastic baffle plate 8; when the casting storage rack 2 is placed above the shaking screen plate 3 during work, the clamping groove 21 formed in the bottom end face of the casting storage rack 2 can be clamped into the upper end of the elastic baffle plate 8, and meanwhile, the spring 10 arranged in the clamping groove 21 can be attached to and contacted with the two sides of the elastic baffle plate 8; when the shake otter board 3 produces the horizontal hunting, elastic baffle 8 is spacing to the block of foundry goods storage rack 2 through block recess 21, can effectually prevent when shaking otter board 3 horizontal hunting, because contact setting between foundry goods storage rack 2 and elastic baffle 8, make foundry goods storage rack 2 produce the phenomenon of horizontal slip on elastic baffle 8 up end, and then lead to on foundry goods storage rack 2 strikes the inner wall of quenching bath 1, influence the high quality safety quenching operation of vermicular graphite foundry goods, the condition of the quick cooling effect of vermicular graphite foundry goods has been influenced simultaneously.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a flow chamber 81 is opened inside the elastic baffle 8, and the bottom end of the flow chamber 81 is communicated with the mesh of the shaking screen plate 3; flow guide holes 82 are formed in two side walls of the flow cavity 81, and the upper end of the flow cavity 81 is made of hard metal materials; when the quenching device works, when the shaking screen plate 3 shakes left and right in the quenching tank 1, a quenching medium in the quenching tank 1 enters the flowing cavity 81 through the meshes of the shaking screen plate 3 and then flows into the steel wire mesh enclosure 9 through the flow guide holes 82 on the two sides of the flowing cavity 81 to be contacted with a swinging vermicular graphite casting, so that the rapid and efficient isothermal quenching operation of the quenching medium in the quenching tank 1 on the vermicular graphite casting is further improved.
The specific working process is as follows:
when the device works, after vermicular graphite castings are transferred to the casting storage rack 2, the casting storage rack 2 is placed above the shaking screen plate 3 by the manipulator, the casting storage rack 2 is supported by the vertically arranged elastic baffle 8, then the controller controls the driving motors on two sides of the quenching tank 1 to synchronously and positively rotate, the steel wire rope 4 wound on the winding reel 7 is placed, the shaking screen plate 3 and the gravity of the castings sink into a quenching medium in the quenching tank 1, and the driving motors stop rotating; the vermicular cast iron is cooled in a quenching medium of a quenching bath 1 in a standing mode, then a controller controls a driving motor on one side of the quenching bath 1 to rotate reversely, the driving motor can drive a steel wire rope 4 on one side of the quenching bath 1 to pull upwards, one side of a shaking screen plate 3 swings upwards, then the driving motor rotates forwards, one side of the shaking screen plate 3 moves downwards, the driving motor on the other side of the quenching bath 1 is controlled to rotate forwards, the other side of the shaking screen plate 3 swings upwards, the steps are repeated, the vermicular cast iron on the shaking screen plate 3 can swing left and right in the quenching bath 1 to be cooled, after primary isothermal quenching of the vermicular cast iron is completed, the controller controls the driving motors on the two sides to rotate forwards synchronously, the steel wire rope 4 can drive the shaking screen plate 3 and a cast storage rack 2 to move upwards, and the vermicular cast iron is separated, then the casting storage rack 2 clamped by the manipulator is transferred into a quenching tank for secondary isothermal quenching operation.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention.
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from its scope. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. An austempered vermicular graphite cast iron, which is characterized in that: the chemical components by weight percentage are as follows: c: 3.6-3.8%, Si: 2.4-2.8%, Mn: 0.1-0.3%, P: less than or equal to 0.06 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.04 percent, Cu: 0.6-0.8%, Mo: 0.08-0.2%, Ni: 0.8-2% and the balance of iron.
2. A preparation method of isothermal quenching vermicular cast iron is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method is suitable for the production and preparation of vermicular cast iron according to claim 1, and comprises the following steps:
s1: austenitizing the casting: heating an as-cast vermicular cast iron sample to 780-915 ℃, and preserving heat in the area until the structure is completely austenitized;
s2: primary isothermal quenching: putting the casting completely austenitized in the step S1 into a quenching tank (1), wherein an isothermal quenching S medium is filled in the quenching tank (1), the isothermal quenching temperature is 340-400 ℃, and the isothermal quenching time is 10-14 min;
s3: conventional isothermal quenching: placing the casting subjected to the primary isothermal quenching in the step S2 into a conventional quenching tank, wherein the quenching temperature is 290-330 ℃, and the isothermal quenching time is 28-38 min; then taking out the casting, placing the casting in air, and naturally cooling to room temperature to finish the preparation of the isothermal quenching vermicular cast iron;
in the step S2, a quenching medium is filled in the quenching bath (1), and a casting storage rack (2) is movably arranged in the quenching bath (1); a plurality of vermicular graphite castings are uniformly placed in the casting storage rack (2), and the casting storage rack (2) is vibrated and quenched in the quenching tank (1) through the casting vibrating device.
3. The method for preparing austempered compacted vermicular iron according to claim 2, characterized by comprising the following steps: the casting shaking device comprises a shaking screen plate (3), a steel wire rope (4), a wire guide roller (5), a support frame (6), a winding reel (7) and an elastic baffle plate (8); the upper end surfaces of two sides of the shaking screen plate (3) are fixed with steel wire ropes (4), and the shaking screen plate (3) is arranged in the quenching bath (1) in a sliding manner; the end part of the steel wire rope (4) is wound on the outer wall of the winding reel (7) by bypassing the wire guide roller (5), and the wire guide roller (5) is symmetrically arranged on the upper walls of the left side and the right side of the quenching bath (1) through the support frame (6); the winding reel (7) is rotatably arranged on the outer walls of the left side and the right side of the quenching bath (1) through a support frame (6), and the end part of a rotating shaft in the winding reel (7) is connected with the output end of a driving motor; the upper end face of the shaking screen plate (3) is evenly provided with a plurality of elastic baffle plates (8) at intervals, and the upper end faces of the elastic baffle plates (8) support the casting storage rack (2).
4. The method for preparing austempered compacted vermicular iron according to claim 3, characterized by comprising the following steps: the bottom end face of the casting storage rack (2) is uniformly provided with steel wire mesh enclosures (9), and the steel wire mesh enclosures (9) are inserted between two adjacent elastic baffles (8); a vermicular ink casting is stored in the steel wire mesh enclosure (9).
5. The method for preparing austempered compacted vermicular iron according to claim 4, characterized in that: clamping grooves (21) are uniformly formed in the bottom end face of the casting storage rack (2), the clamping grooves (21) are located on two sides of the steel wire mesh enclosure (9), and the clamping grooves (21) are clamped to the upper end face of the elastic baffle (8); two side walls of the clamping groove (21) are fixedly provided with springs (10), and the end parts of the springs (10) are in extrusion contact with the outer wall of the upper end of the elastic baffle (8).
6. The method for preparing austempered compacted vermicular iron according to claim 5, characterized by comprising the following steps: a flowing cavity (81) is formed in the elastic baffle (8), and the bottom end of the flowing cavity (81) is communicated with the meshes of the shaking screen plate (3); flow guide holes (82) are formed in two side walls of the flowing cavity (81), and the upper end of the flowing cavity (81) is made of hard metal materials.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112322962A (en) * | 2020-11-06 | 2021-02-05 | 中原内配集团股份有限公司 | Vermicular graphite cast iron and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200922 |