CN111687361A - Forming method of titanium alloy pipe for 40MPa ultrahigh-pressure gas cylinder - Google Patents
Forming method of titanium alloy pipe for 40MPa ultrahigh-pressure gas cylinder Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/14—Making machine elements fittings
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for forming a titanium alloy pipe for a 40MPa ultrahigh-pressure gas cylinder, which replaces a traditional steel gas cylinder with a titanium alloy gas cylinder, replaces a currently used steel 25MPa high-pressure air cylinder, and simultaneously improves the storage capacity of high-pressure air. And the problem of minimized wall thickness of the conventional TC4 pipe forging is solved, and the qualified rate of metallographic structures and mechanical properties is improved. The wall thickness of titanium alloy TC4 of a 40Mpa gas cylinder is calculated to be 25-35 mm by taking an elastic failure criterion as a design criterion of the titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder in advance, a soft-packing sleeve heat-preservation forging technology is adopted in the manufacturing process to reduce the wall thickness of a forging blank from 50mm to 25-35 mm, a semi-finished pipe section and a semi-finished end sealing end are manufactured respectively and independently, and finally the forged and formed semi-finished pipe section and the semi-finished end sealing end are forged and welded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gas cylinder manufacturing, in particular to a method for forming a titanium alloy pipe for a 40MPa ultrahigh-pressure gas cylinder.
Background
Military titanium materials are the key field of future titanium materials, the military titanium materials can keep stable growth in a short period, a large number of weapons and equipment need to be light and high in strength, and the ever-increasing rapid response capability and high strength of modern wars are met. With the improvement of the anti-submarine detection technology level, the modern submarine must develop towards the direction of large submarine depth and high concealment. And the submergence depth of the submarine is increased, so that the emergency recovery capability of the submarine in a large-depth fault state must be correspondingly improved to ensure the safety of the submarine. Because the high-pressure air system is the most main vitality system for guaranteeing the crash recovery of the submarine, the high-pressure air emergency blowing rate of the submarine must be increased to improve the reserve quantity of the high-pressure air of the submarine in order to improve the emergency recovery capability of the submarine in a large-depth fault state. An effective way to increase the emergency blow-off rate is to increase the pressure level of the high pressure air system. At present, a 25 MPa-grade steel high-pressure gas cylinder used by a submarine high-pressure air system cannot meet the requirement of deep submergence. The main manifestations are as follows:
(1)921 steel is used as the material of the high pressure gas cylinder, and the strength of the gas cylinder is improved only by increasing the wall thickness, but the strength can only reach a limited degree, and the weight of the gas cylinder can be greatly increased.
(2) The weight of the gas cylinder is increased, and the effective load of the submarine is correspondingly reduced. But also brings great difficulty to the weight balance and the overall distribution of the whole submarine.
(3)921 the corrosion resistance of the steel high-pressure gas cylinder is poor, and various corrosion products in the corroded high-pressure gas cylinder cause the pollution of high-pressure air, so that the reliability of the whole high-pressure air system is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for forming a titanium alloy pipe for a 40MPa ultrahigh-pressure gas cylinder, which replaces the traditional steel gas cylinder with a titanium alloy gas cylinder, replaces the currently used steel 25MPa high-pressure air cylinder, and simultaneously improves the storage capacity of high-pressure air. And the problem of minimized wall thickness of the conventional TC4 pipe forging is solved, and the qualified rate of metallographic structures and mechanical properties is improved.
A method for forming a titanium alloy pipe for a 40MPa ultrahigh-pressure gas cylinder is characterized by comprising the following steps: the wall thickness of titanium alloy TC4 of a 40Mpa gas cylinder is calculated to be 25-35 mm by taking an elastic failure criterion as a design criterion of the titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder in advance, a soft-packing sleeve heat-preservation forging technology is adopted in the manufacturing process to reduce the wall thickness of a forging blank from 50mm to 25-35 mm, a semi-finished pipe section and a semi-finished end sealing end are manufactured respectively and independently, and finally the forged and formed semi-finished pipe section and the semi-finished end sealing end are forged and welded.
It is further characterized in that:
the elastic failure criterion is adopted as the design criterion of the titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder in the wall thickness calculation process of the gas cylinder, the titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder belongs to a thick-wall container, and K is the outer diameter D of the container0And inner diameter DiThe ratio of K is more than or equal to 1.2, the wall thickness of the titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder is designed by adopting a medium diameter formula, the medium diameter formula takes the circumferential stress at the average diameter of the cylinder body as equivalent stress, and the stress is limited within the allowable stress of the material, namelyConsidering that the actual cylinder always has a welding seam and must introduce a welding seam coefficient, and from the design angle, calculating the wall thickness introduction wall thickness additional quantity calculated by the shell theory, then the bottle wall thickness design formula
In the formula: t wall thickness;
p working pressure;
d is the outer diameter of the gas cylinder;
D0=D-t;
allowable stress of [ sigma ] material;
c material margins (may not be considered);
phi welding seam coefficient, wherein phi is 1 under the assumption that no defect is generated in the welding process, and finally, various parameters are introduced to obtain the safe thickness of the wall thickness of the bottle body of 25-35 mm;
forging the semi-finished product by two-fire forging process of preparing upsetting-drawing deformation and prefabricating a tube blank, forging the semi-finished product by the last fire by adopting a soft sleeve heat-preservation forging technology, coating the surface of a TC4 blank by the soft sleeve, and immediately forging;
the soft sheath is made of heat insulation cotton, and the heat insulation surface is quickly coated on the outer surface of the tube blank in a sticking mode;
during heat preservation forging, the temperature difference of a thermoplastic window is controlled to be not more than 30-100 ℃, and the thermoplastic window is specifically a TC4 billet which is discharged from a furnace until the forging is finished;
controlling the forging of the TC4 billet to be in a good-plasticity two-phase region temperature range, greatly reducing the temperature gradient of the surface layer of the titanium billet, and fully weakening the thermal stress state of the surface layer of the titanium billet so as to fully weaken the generation of cracks on the surface of the titanium billet;
the deformation temperature of the two-phase region is kept for a long time, so that the forgeable time is fully prolonged, and the deformation time of minimizing the wall thickness of the thin-wall pipe fitting is ensured;
in the end socket forge welding process, V-shaped grooves are formed in the semi-finished end socket section and the pipe section, the included angle is 30-45 degrees, then a single-side welding and double-side forming process is adopted for welding to obtain a titanium and titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder blank, then the annular welding seam part of the titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder blank is locally heated, the heating temperature is controlled to be 850-970 ℃, then the upsetting process is adopted for upsetting the welding seam and the welding heat affected zone of the titanium and titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder blank, the welding seam part is extruded, and the deformation of the welding seam is ensured to be larger than 50%;
the specific manufacturing process flow is as follows: determining a process scheme, blanking, conventionally blanking, drawing and forging to form a tube blank in a heat preservation manner, machining, performing metallographic examination, forging and welding to form a gas cylinder, and performing test report, wherein the process of drawing and forging to form the tube blank in the heat preservation manner is performed by adopting a heat preservation forging technology to reduce the wall thickness of a forging blank from 50mm to 25 mm-35 mm, respectively and independently manufacturing a semi-finished tube section and a semi-finished end sealing end, then the semi-finished tube section and the semi-finished end sealing end are machined to preset sizes, and then the semi-finished tube section and the semi-finished end sealing end are subjected to metallographic examination to determine to be qualified, and finally the semi-finished tube section and the semi-finished end sealing end are subjected to forge.
After the method is adopted, the final core rod of the TC4 pipe is drawn out and formed by utilizing a soft sleeve heat-preservation forging technology, the soft sleeve can avoid a large amount of temperature loss caused by continuous reduction of the wall thickness, the deformation temperature is kept in an optimal deformation alpha + beta two-phase region for a long time, the wall thickness is favorably deformed to be thinnest, on the other hand, the deformation temperature is kept in the alpha + beta two-phase region for a long time, the tissue transformation is sufficient, and the tissue transformation is more refined due to continuous deformation strain in the tissue transformation process, so that various mechanical performance indexes are effectively improved; the soft sheath heat preservation forging reduces the thickness of the forging blank from 50mm to 25 mm-35 mm, the process not only saves the weight of the gas cylinder forging blank by 40%, but also greatly reduces the mechanical processing time of TC4 pipes and improves the production efficiency; meanwhile, the metallographic structure, the grain size and the mechanical property of the TC4 pipe are effectively improved, and the product percent of pass is guaranteed. The finished gas cylinder adopts the forge welding technology to ensure that the welding seam meets the use requirement of 40MPa of the integral strength of the gas cylinder; the welding part of the high-pressure gas cylinder is the weakest part in the whole gas cylinder structure and is a key factor for determining the strength of the whole gas cylinder, the titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder adopts a forge welding process, and the annular welding seam is processed after forge welding to ensure that the welding strength is sufficient; the titanium alloy gas cylinder replaces a traditional steel gas cylinder, replaces a steel 25MPa high-pressure air cylinder used at present, and simultaneously improves the storage capacity of high-pressure air. And the problem of minimized wall thickness of the conventional TC4 pipe forging is solved, and the qualified rate of metallographic structures and mechanical properties is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a soft sleeve heat-preserving forging technology of the invention;
the names corresponding to the sequence numbers in the figure are as follows:
the production process comprises the following steps of a core rod 1, a TC4 blank 2, a soft sleeve 3, a lower V-shaped anvil 4 and an upper flat anvil 5.
Detailed Description
A method for forming a titanium alloy pipe for a 40MPa ultrahigh-pressure gas cylinder is characterized by comprising the following steps: the wall thickness of titanium alloy TC4 of a 40Mpa gas cylinder is calculated to be 25-35 mm by taking an elastic failure criterion as a design criterion of the titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder in advance, a soft-packing sleeve heat-preservation forging technology is adopted in the manufacturing process to reduce the wall thickness of a forging blank from 50mm to 25-35 mm, a semi-finished pipe section and a semi-finished end sealing end are manufactured respectively and independently, and finally the forged and formed semi-finished pipe section and the semi-finished end sealing end are forged and welded.
The specific manufacturing process flow is as follows: determining a process scheme, blanking, conventionally blanking, insulating, drawing, forging to form a tube blank, machining, metallographic examination, manufacturing a gas cylinder by a forge welding technology, test report and technical analysis.
The determination process scheme comprises the determination of the material and the determination of the wall thickness of the finally designed gas cylinder.
The material selection is as follows: the titanium alloy for the gas cylinder has enough mechanical strength, mature material process, stable structure and performance, good processing performance and welding performance, and is convenient for forming and processing the gas cylinder, so that TC4 is adopted;
calculating the wall thickness of the gas cylinder after the material is determined, wherein the elastic failure criterion is adopted as the design criterion of the titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder in the wall thickness calculation process of the gas cylinder, the titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder belongs to a thick-wall container, and K is the outer diameter D of the container0And inner diameter DiThe ratio of K is more than or equal to 1.2, the wall thickness of the titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder is designed by adopting a medium diameter formula, the medium diameter formula takes the circumferential stress at the average diameter of the cylinder body as equivalent stress, and the stress is limited within the allowable stress of the material, namelyConsidering that the actual cylinder always has a welding seam and must introduce a welding seam coefficient, and from the design angle, calculating the wall thickness introduction wall thickness additional quantity calculated by the shell theory, then the bottle wall thickness design formula
In the formula: t wall thickness
p working pressure
D is the outer diameter of the gas cylinder
D0=D-t
Allowable stress of [ sigma ] material
C material allowance (may not consider)
And phi welding seam coefficient, wherein phi is 1 on the assumption that no defect is generated in the welding process, and finally, various parameters are introduced to obtain the safe thickness of the wall thickness of the bottle body of 25-35 mm.
Then, a blank pipe with the thickness of 50mm is selected for blanking;
performing two-time forging process of preparing upsetting-drawing deformation and prefabricating a tube blank on a blank tube, forging a semi-finished product by the last fire by adopting a soft-sleeve heat-preservation forging technology, coating the surface of a TC4 blank by using a soft-sleeve, and immediately forging; see in particular fig. 1: the mandrel 1 penetrates through the center of a TC4 billet 2, the outer surface of the mandrel is coated with a soft sleeve 3, the bottom of the whole structure is supported by a lower V-shaped anvil 4, the upper part of the whole structure is pressed with an upper flat anvil 5, the soft sleeve is made of heat insulation cotton, and the heat insulation surface is rapidly coated on the outer surface of the billet in a sticking mode; during heat preservation forging, the temperature difference of the thermoplastic window is controlled to be not more than 30-100 ℃, and the thermoplastic window is specifically a TC4 billet which is discharged from a furnace until the forging is finished;
controlling the forging of the TC4 billet to be in a good-plasticity two-phase region temperature range, greatly reducing the temperature gradient of the surface layer of the titanium billet, and fully weakening the thermal stress state of the surface layer of the titanium billet so as to fully weaken the generation of cracks on the surface of the titanium billet;
the deformation temperature of the two-phase region is kept for a long time, so that the forgeable time is fully prolonged, and the deformation time of minimizing the wall thickness of the thin-wall pipe fitting is ensured;
the deformation resistance of the workpiece in the forging process is obviously reduced, the number of deformation fires is reduced, and energy is obviously saved;
the deformation per fire of the TC4 billet can be greatly improved, particularly the deformation of the pipe drawn out by the last fire of the TC4 is improved, the wall thickness is reduced to the maximum extent, the grain structure and the two-phase region of the forged product are fully and reasonably refined, and the comprehensive mechanical property of the forged product is optimized;
the titanium billet can be forged at a lower two-phase region heating temperature to obtain a highly refined grain structure, so that the tensile strength of the titanium alloy can be greatly improved, and good tensile plasticity can be obtained;
in the process of drawing and forging the pipe blank in a heat preservation way to form the pipe blank, the heat preservation forging technology is adopted to reduce the wall thickness of the forged piece blank from 50mm to 25 mm-35 mm, the semi-finished pipe section and the semi-finished end sealing end are manufactured independently, then the semi-finished pipe section and the semi-finished end sealing end are machined to preset sizes, and then after the semi-finished pipe section and the semi-finished end sealing end are determined to be qualified through metallographic examination, the semi-finished pipe section and the semi-finished end sealing end are manufactured into the gas cylinder through forge welding.
In the end socket forge welding process, V-shaped grooves are formed in the semi-finished end socket section and the pipe section, the included angle is 30-45 degrees, then a single-side welding and double-side forming process is adopted for welding to obtain a titanium and titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder blank, then the annular welding seam part of the titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder blank is locally heated, the heating temperature is controlled to be 850-970 ℃, then the upsetting process is adopted for upsetting the welding seam and the welding heat affected zone of the titanium and titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder blank, the welding seam part is extruded, and the deformation of the welding seam is ensured to be larger than 50 percent.
The final core rod of the TC4 pipe is drawn out and formed by utilizing a soft sheath heat preservation forging technology, the soft sheath can avoid a large amount of temperature loss caused by continuous thinning of the wall thickness, the deformation temperature is kept in an optimal deformation alpha + beta two-phase region for a long time, the wall thickness is favorably deformed to be thinnest, on the other hand, the deformation temperature is kept in the alpha + beta two-phase region for a long time, the tissue transformation is sufficient, and the tissue transformation is more refined due to continuous deformation strain in the tissue transformation process, so that various mechanical performance indexes are effectively improved; the soft sheath heat preservation forging reduces the thickness of the forging blank from 50mm to 25 mm-35 mm, the process not only saves the weight of the gas cylinder forging blank by 40%, but also greatly reduces the mechanical processing time of TC4 pipes and improves the production efficiency; meanwhile, the metallographic structure, the grain size and the mechanical property of the TC4 pipe are effectively improved, and the product percent of pass is guaranteed. The finished gas cylinder adopts the forge welding technology to ensure that the welding seam meets the use requirement of 40MPa of the integral strength of the gas cylinder; the welding part of the high-pressure gas cylinder is the weakest part in the whole gas cylinder structure and is a key factor for determining the strength of the whole gas cylinder, the titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder adopts a forge welding process, and the annular welding seam is processed after forge welding to ensure that the welding strength is sufficient; the titanium alloy gas cylinder replaces a traditional steel gas cylinder, replaces a steel 25MPa high-pressure air cylinder used at present, and simultaneously improves the storage capacity of high-pressure air. And the problem of minimized wall thickness of the conventional TC4 pipe forging is solved, and the qualified rate of metallographic structures and mechanical properties is improved.
The technical parameters of the manufactured gas cylinder are as follows:
working pressure: 40MPa, effective volume: 410L, working temperature: -28 ℃ to 60 ℃, design temperature: -30 deg.C
And the installation and connection mode of the existing gas cylinder is required to be changed as little as possible.
The pipe and the end socket are executed according to the titanium and titanium alloy standard ASTMB381-06a, and the grade reaches Gr 5; ultrasonic flaw detection is carried out according to GB5193AA grade (1.2 flat bottom hole);
mechanical properties: the tensile strength sigma b/MPa is more than or equal to 1030, the elongation is more than or equal to 5 (%), and the reduction of area psi (%). is more than or equal to 15;
the wall thickness of the TC4 pipe forging is reduced from 50mm to 35mm, and the aim is to achieve the wall thickness of a blank to be 25 mm-30 mm. The material is saved by 40-50%, and the machining working hours are compressed by 50%.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. A method for forming a titanium alloy pipe for a 40MPa ultrahigh-pressure gas cylinder is characterized by comprising the following steps: the wall thickness of titanium alloy TC4 of a 40Mpa gas cylinder is calculated to be 25-35 mm by taking an elastic failure criterion as a design criterion of the titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder in advance, a soft-packing sleeve heat-preservation forging technology is adopted in the manufacturing process to reduce the wall thickness of a forging blank from 50mm to 25-35 mm, a semi-finished pipe section and a semi-finished end sealing end are manufactured respectively and independently, and finally the forged and formed semi-finished pipe section and the semi-finished end sealing end are forged and welded.
2. The method for forming the titanium alloy pipe for the 40MPa ultrahigh-pressure gas cylinder, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the elastic failure criterion is adopted as the design criterion of the titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder in the wall thickness calculation process of the gas cylinder, the titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder belongs to a thick-wall container, and K is the outer diameter D of the container0And inner diameter DiThe ratio of K is more than or equal to 1.2, the wall thickness of the titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder is designed by adopting a medium diameter formula, the medium diameter formula takes the circumferential stress at the average diameter of the cylinder body as equivalent stress, and the stress is limited within the allowable stress of the material, namelyConsidering that the actual cylinder always has a welding seam and must introduce a welding seam coefficient, and from the design angle, calculating the wall thickness introduction wall thickness additional quantity calculated by the shell theory, then the bottle wall thickness design formula
In the formula: t wall thickness;
p working pressure;
d is the outer diameter of the gas cylinder;
D0=D-t;
allowable stress of [ sigma ] material;
c material margins (may not be considered);
and phi welding seam coefficient, wherein phi is 1 on the assumption that no defect is generated in the welding process, and finally, various parameters are introduced to obtain the safe thickness of the wall thickness of the bottle body of 25-35 mm.
3. The method for forming the titanium alloy pipe for the 40MPa ultrahigh-pressure gas cylinder, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the forging process of preparing upsetting-drawing deformation and prefabricating the tube blank is carried out by twice heating, the semi-finished product is forged by the last heating by adopting a soft sleeve heat-preservation forging technology, and the semi-finished product is coated on the surface of the TC4 blank by the soft sleeve and immediately forged.
4. The method for forming the titanium alloy pipe for the 40MPa ultrahigh-pressure gas cylinder, according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the soft sheath is made of heat insulation cotton, and the heat insulation surface is quickly coated on the outer surface of the tube blank in a sticking mode.
5. The method for forming the titanium alloy pipe for the 40MPa ultrahigh-pressure gas cylinder, according to claim 3, is characterized in that: and during heat preservation forging, controlling the temperature difference of a thermoplastic window to be not more than 30-100 ℃, and discharging the thermoplastic window, namely the TC4 billet, until the forging is finished.
6. The method for forming the titanium alloy pipe for the 40MPa ultrahigh-pressure gas cylinder, according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the forging of the TC4 billet is controlled to be in a two-phase region temperature range with good plasticity, the temperature gradient of the surface layer of the titanium billet is greatly reduced, the thermal stress state of the surface layer of the titanium billet is fully weakened, and therefore the generation of cracks on the surface of the titanium billet is fully weakened.
7. The method for forming the titanium alloy pipe for the 40MPa ultrahigh-pressure gas cylinder, according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the deformation temperature of the two-phase region is kept for a long time, so that the forgeable time is fully prolonged, and the deformation time of minimizing the wall thickness of the thin-wall pipe fitting is ensured.
8. The method for forming the titanium alloy pipe for the 40MPa ultrahigh-pressure gas cylinder, according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in the end socket forge welding process, V-shaped grooves are formed in the semi-finished end socket section and the pipe section, the included angle is 30-45 degrees, then a single-side welding and double-side forming process is adopted for welding to obtain a titanium and titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder blank, then the annular welding seam part of the titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder blank is locally heated, the heating temperature is controlled to be 850-970 ℃, then the upsetting process is adopted for upsetting the welding seam and the welding heat affected zone of the titanium and titanium alloy high-pressure gas cylinder blank, the welding seam part is extruded, and the deformation of the welding seam is ensured to be larger than 50 percent.
9. The method for forming the titanium alloy pipe for the 40MPa ultrahigh-pressure gas cylinder, according to claim 1, is characterized in that the specific manufacturing process flow is as follows: determining a process scheme, blanking, conventionally blanking, drawing and forging to form a tube blank in a heat preservation manner, machining, performing metallographic examination, forging and welding to form a gas cylinder, and performing test report, wherein the process of drawing and forging to form the tube blank in the heat preservation manner is performed by adopting a heat preservation forging technology to reduce the wall thickness of a forging blank from 50mm to 25 mm-35 mm, respectively and independently manufacturing a semi-finished tube section and a semi-finished end sealing end, then the semi-finished tube section and the semi-finished end sealing end are machined to preset sizes, and then the semi-finished tube section and the semi-finished end sealing end are subjected to metallographic examination to determine to be qualified, and finally the semi-finished tube section and the semi-finished end sealing end are subjected to forge.
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JPS5527432A (en) * | 1978-08-17 | 1980-02-27 | Mitsubishi Metal Corp | Production of titanium alloy pipe |
JPH0924418A (en) * | 1995-07-13 | 1997-01-28 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Butt welded steel tube and its producing method |
RU2355489C2 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2009-05-20 | ОАО "Корпорация ВСМПО-АВИСМА" | Method of producing of hot-rolled pipes made of alpha- and semi- alpha-titanium alloys |
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