CN111687167A - Harmless integrated treatment method and system for medical waste suitable for infectious ward - Google Patents
Harmless integrated treatment method and system for medical waste suitable for infectious ward Download PDFInfo
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- CN111687167A CN111687167A CN202010431679.5A CN202010431679A CN111687167A CN 111687167 A CN111687167 A CN 111687167A CN 202010431679 A CN202010431679 A CN 202010431679A CN 111687167 A CN111687167 A CN 111687167A
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- 239000002906 medical waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 230000002458 infectious effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000035473 Communicable disease Diseases 0.000 claims 7
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 206010011409 Cross infection Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010029803 Nosocomial infection Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L11/00—Methods specially adapted for refuse
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/04—Heat
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/04—Heat
- A61L2/06—Hot gas
- A61L2/07—Steam
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
- A61L2/08—Radiation
- A61L2/12—Microwaves
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/24—Apparatus using programmed or automatic operation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
- A61L2/26—Accessories or devices or components used for biocidal treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2202/00—Aspects relating to methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects
- A61L2202/10—Apparatus features
- A61L2202/12—Apparatus for isolating biocidal substances from the environment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
- A61L2202/00—Aspects relating to methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects
- A61L2202/10—Apparatus features
- A61L2202/14—Means for controlling sterilisation processes, data processing, presentation and storage means, e.g. sensors, controllers, programs
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a harmless integrated treatment method and a system for medical waste suitable for an infectious ward. The comprehensive sterilization device is used for performing a series of treatments such as microwave sterilization, wet heat sterilization, dry heat sterilization, drying and the like on the crushed medical wastes, a water outlet of the backflow water tank is communicated with the comprehensive sterilization device to humidify the medical wastes, the backflow water tank is connected with a high-pressure induced draft fan through a biological filter, and under the action of the high-pressure induced draft fan, steam and other gases in the comprehensive sterilization device are discharged from an exhaust port of the high-pressure induced draft fan through the backflow water tank and the biological filter; the spiral discharging device is used for discharging the treated solid medical waste. The whole system can be conveniently arranged in an infectious ward or outside the infectious ward; during treatment, the material is fed under the indoor negative pressure, and the material is discharged under the outdoor negative pressure without harm, so that the medical waste in the infectious ward can be timely treated on the spot.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical waste treatment, and particularly relates to a harmless integrated treatment method and system for medical waste suitable for an infectious ward.
Background
Medical waste refers to waste with direct or indirect infectivity, toxicity and other harmfulness generated by various medical and health institutions in medical treatment, prevention, health care, teaching, scientific research and other related activities. About 81 million tons of medical wastes generated in China every year are treated in a centralized way by medical waste treatment centers in various regions, the centralized treatment has the advantages of clear responsibility and strong professional property, but before treatment, the medical wastes generated in various hospitals need to be classified, collected, packaged, disinfected, loaded, transported, weighed, unloaded, temporarily stored and the like. The complicated operation links not only increase the infection risk and the transportation cost in the operation, but also bring hidden troubles due to untimely disposal.
The stage of the medical waste with the strongest infectivity is within one day after the generation, the local treatment of the medical waste can control the infection source in time, reduce the infection risk and simultaneously reduce the burden of the centralized treatment of the medical waste during the epidemic situation. The development of a small medical waste treatment system suitable for infectious wards kills pathogenic microorganisms in medical waste on site in the wards, and has important significance for preventing epidemic situation expansion.
The medical waste treatment system for the centralized treatment mode produced at home and abroad is not suitable for the existing power condition and space condition of the infectious ward due to large treatment capacity and complex matching devices. Under the objective conditions that only electric power is used as power and the operation space is narrow and small in an infectious ward, how to realize harmless treatment of medical wastes aiming at the characteristics of strong infectivity and low water content materials achieves the aims of standard sterilization and no generation of waste water and malodorous gas is a technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a harmless integrated treatment method and a harmless integrated treatment system for medical wastes suitable for an infectious ward, realizes the generation-treatment of the medical wastes in the infectious ward, and has the advantages of single power, strong practicability, simple operation and no secondary pollution.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a medical waste harmless integrated treatment system suitable for an infectious ward comprises a crusher, a comprehensive sterilization device, a backflow water tank, a biological filter, a high-pressure draught fan and a spiral discharging device;
the comprehensive sterilization device comprises a cylindrical shell which is transversely arranged, a spiral feeder is transversely arranged in the shell, a feed inlet is formed in the top of the front end of the shell, a discharge outlet is formed in the bottom of the tail end of the shell, a water spray nozzle, a microwave generator, a heating unit and a steam outlet are sequentially arranged on the shell from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet, the water spray nozzle is used for spraying water into the comprehensive sterilization device to humidify the medical waste, the microwave generator is used for performing microwave irradiation on the medical waste in the comprehensive sterilization device to perform damp-heat sterilization and microwave sterilization, and the heating unit is used for heating the medical waste in the comprehensive sterilization device to perform dry-heat sterilization and drying; the steam outlet is used for discharging steam generated in the comprehensive sterilization device;
the tank body of the backflow water tank is provided with a steam inlet, a water outlet, an air inlet and a water replenishing port, the steam inlet of the backflow water tank is communicated with the steam outlet of the comprehensive sterilization device through a pipeline, the water outlet of the backflow water tank is communicated with the water spray port of the comprehensive sterilization device through a pipeline, the tank port at the top of the backflow water tank is connected with the air inlet of a high-pressure draught fan through a biofilter, negative pressure is generated in the backflow water tank under the action of the high-pressure draught fan and is conducted into the comprehensive sterilization device, and then steam and other gases in the comprehensive sterilization device are exhausted from the air outlet of the high-pressure draught fan through the backflow water tank and;
and the feed inlet of the spiral discharger is communicated with the discharge outlet of the comprehensive sterilization device and is used for discharging the solid medical waste treated by the comprehensive sterilization device.
In the above technical scheme, the crusher is a shear type crusher.
In the technical scheme, the top of the reflux water tank is also provided with an activated carbon layer for removing odor.
In the technical scheme, a first electric control valve is arranged on a water outlet pipeline of the backflow water tank, a second electric control valve is arranged at an air inlet of the backflow water tank, and a third electric control valve is arranged on a water replenishing pipeline of the backflow water tank so as to realize automatic control.
In the technical scheme, the heating unit adopts a heat conduction oil electric heating device, an oil cavity is formed in the heating unit, a heating rod is arranged in the oil cavity and used for heating heat conduction oil in the oil cavity, and the heat is further conducted to the shell of the comprehensive sterilization device and medical wastes in the shell.
In the technical scheme, the crusher, the comprehensive sterilization device, the filter, the backflow water tank, the high-pressure draught fan and the spiral discharger are all arranged in the protective cover, the feed inlet of the crusher, the discharge outlet of the spiral discharger and the purification exhaust port of the high-pressure draught fan as well as necessary circuits and waterway interfaces are reserved on the protective cover, and the feed inlet of the crusher is provided with the openable and closable tight feed door, so that the closure of the system is effectively guaranteed, and the microwave leakage and the infection leakage are effectively prevented.
The method for realizing the on-site harmless treatment of the medical waste in the ward by utilizing the system comprises the following steps:
the system is arranged in a ward, an exhaust port of a high-pressure draught fan is led out to the outside through a pipeline, and a discharge port of a spiral discharger is led out to the outside;
putting the medical waste into a feeding hole of a crusher, closing a feeding door, and crushing the medical waste by the crusher; the medical waste after being crushed enters a comprehensive sterilization device, the medical waste is moved from a feeding end to a discharging end under the action of a spiral feeder, in the moving process of the medical waste, water is supplied to a water spraying port of the comprehensive sterilization device from a water outlet of a reflux water tank to humidify the medical waste, a microwave generator irradiates the humidified medical waste, microwave sterilization and damp-heat sterilization are simultaneously carried out under the action of microwaves, then the medical waste moves to a heating unit, dry-heat sterilization is carried out on the medical waste under the action of the heating unit, water vapor and other gases generated in the whole sterilization process enter the reflux water tank under the action of negative pressure generated by a high-pressure draught fan, the water at the bottom of the reflux water tank cools and liquefies the steam in the reflux water tank, and then non-condensable gases are discharged to the outside from an exhaust port of the high-pressure draught fan through a biological filter, the liquefied water is left in the reflux water tank and is reused as humidification water of the comprehensive sterilization device; and finally discharging the treated dry medical waste to the outside from a discharge hole of the comprehensive sterilization device.
Or the system can also be arranged outside a ward, a medical waste feeding port with a sealing door is arranged on the wall of the ward, and the feeding port is communicated with the feeding port of the crusher; when the medical waste crusher is used, medical waste is thrown into the crusher from a medical waste feeding port on the wall of a ward, a sealing door of the medical waste feeding port is closed, and then the medical waste is treated in the system.
Furthermore, in order to ensure that water in the backflow water tank has enough condensation capacity, a thermometer and a liquid level meter are arranged in the backflow water tank, when the water temperature is detected to be higher than the set temperature, an air inlet in the backflow water tank is opened, cold air is introduced to reduce the water temperature, and when the water level in the backflow water tank is lower than the set water level, automatic water replenishing is performed through a water replenishing port to reduce the temperature of the backflow water.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
(1) aiming at the characteristics of strong infection and low water content of medical waste in an infectious ward, the invention adopts a comprehensive sterilization technical means combining microwave sterilization, moist heat sterilization and dry heat sterilization, and integrates the functions of condensate water recycling and negative pressure exhaust, thereby not only ensuring the effectiveness and the sterilization efficiency of sterilization, but also avoiding the generation of wastewater in the sterilization process.
(2) The integrated harmless treatment method and system for medical waste only depend on the conventional commercial power and a water supply system as power and input conditions, and have small occupied area, and the whole system can be conveniently arranged in an infectious ward or outside the ward; during treatment, the material is fed under indoor negative pressure, and discharged harmlessly under outdoor negative pressure, so that the medical wastes in the infectious wards are treated on site in time, and the cross infection among the wards is avoided.
(3) According to the integrated harmless treatment method and system for medical waste, the highest heating temperature is about 130-160 ℃ during working, power is supplied at normal pressure, low-degree negative pressure is adopted for working, the whole system is stable in operation and high in safety, and potential safety hazards of high-pressure explosion, high-temperature combustion and high-voltage electricity leakage do not exist, so that the integrated harmless treatment method and system for medical waste are suitable for being used in single wards.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the integrated harmless treatment system for medical waste applicable to an infectious ward of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the process for the on-site harmless treatment of medical waste according to the present invention.
Wherein:
1: a crusher, 2: comprehensive sterilization device, 3: backflow water tank, 4: biological filter, 5: high-pressure draught fan, 6: spiral discharger, 7: activated carbon layer, 8: protective cover, 2.1: screw feeder, 2.2: water jet, 2.3: microwave generator, 2.4: heating unit, 2.5: steam outlet, 3.1: steam inlet, 3.2: water outlet, 3.3: air inlet, 3.4: and (4) water replenishing.
For a person skilled in the art, other relevant figures can be obtained from the above figures without inventive effort.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples.
Referring to the attached figure 1, the medical waste harmless integrated treatment system suitable for the infectious ward comprises a crusher 1, a comprehensive sterilization device 2, a backflow water tank 3, a biological filter 4, a high-pressure draught fan 5 and a spiral discharging device 6.
The crusher 1 adopts a shear type crusher for shearing and crushing medical wastes.
The feed inlet of the comprehensive sterilization device 2 is communicated with the discharge outlet of the crusher 1 and is used for performing a series of treatments such as microwave sterilization, moist heat sterilization, dry heat sterilization, drying and the like on the crushed medical waste. Specifically, the comprehensive sterilization device 2 comprises a transversely-arranged cylindrical shell, a spiral feeder 2.1 is transversely arranged in the shell, a feed inlet is arranged at the top of the front end of the shell, a discharge outlet is arranged at the bottom of the tail end of the shell, a water spray port 2.2, a microwave generator 2.3, a heating unit 2.4 and a steam outlet 2.5 are sequentially arranged on the shell from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet, the water spray port 2.2 is used for spraying water into the inside of the comprehensive sterilization device to humidify the medical waste, the microwave generator 2.3 is used for carrying out microwave irradiation on the medical waste in the comprehensive sterilization device to carry out damp-heat sterilization and microwave sterilization, and the heating unit 2.4 is used for heating the medical waste in the comprehensive sterilization device to carry out dry-heat sterilization and drying; the steam outlet 2.5 is used for discharging the steam generated in the integrated sterilization device.
Be provided with steam inlet 3.1 on the jar body of backward flow water pitcher 3, delivery port 3.2, air intake 3.3, water filling port 3.4, the steam inlet 3.1 of backward flow water pitcher and the steam outlet 2.5 of synthesizing sterilization apparatus pass through the pipeline intercommunication, the delivery port 3.2 of backward flow water pitcher and the water jet 2.2 of synthesizing sterilization apparatus pass through the pipeline intercommunication, the top jar mouth of backward flow water pitcher is through the air inlet of biofilter 4 connection high pressure draught fan 5, under the effect of high pressure draught fan, produce the negative pressure in messenger's backward flow water pitcher 3, the negative pressure conduction is to synthesizing sterilization apparatus's steam outlet 2.5, and then discharge from the gas vent of high pressure draught fan again through backward flow water pitcher and biofilter with other gases in the comprehensive sterilization apparatus, because biofilter's filtration degerming effect, make high pressure draught fan discharge.
And the feed inlet of the spiral discharger 6 is communicated with the discharge outlet of the comprehensive sterilization device 2 and is used for discharging the solid medical waste treated by the comprehensive sterilization device.
Furthermore, an activated carbon layer 7 is arranged on the top of the backflow water tank 3 to remove possibly carried odor.
Furthermore, a first electric control valve is arranged on a water outlet pipeline of the backflow water tank, a second electric control valve is arranged at an air inlet of the backflow water tank, and a third electric control valve is arranged on a water replenishing pipeline of the backflow water tank so as to realize automatic control.
Furthermore, the heating unit 2.4 adopts a heat conduction oil electric heating device, an oil cavity is formed in the heating unit, a heating rod is arranged in the oil cavity and used for heating heat conduction oil in the oil cavity, and the heat is further conducted to the shell of the comprehensive sterilization device and medical wastes in the shell.
Further, the crusher, the comprehensive sterilization device, the filter, the backflow water tank, the high-pressure draught fan and the spiral discharger are all arranged in the protective cover 8, a feed inlet of the crusher, a discharge outlet of the spiral discharger, a purification exhaust port of the high-pressure draught fan, a necessary circuit and a water path interface are reserved on the protective cover 8, and a tight feed door capable of being opened and closed is arranged at the feed inlet of the crusher, so that the closure of the system is effectively guaranteed, and microwave leakage and infection leakage are effectively prevented.
Furthermore, the system is arranged in a ward, an exhaust port of the high-pressure draught fan is led out to the outside through a pipeline, a discharge port of the spiral discharger is also led out to the outside, and during work, indoor feeding and outdoor discharging are realized, so that the medical wastes are treated in situ in the infectious ward, and cross infection among the wards is avoided. Or the system can also be arranged outside a ward, a medical waste feeding port with a sealing door is arranged on the wall of the ward, and the feeding port is communicated with the feeding port of the crusher; when the medical waste crusher is used, medical waste is thrown into the crusher from a medical waste feeding port on the wall of a ward, a sealing door of the medical waste feeding port is closed, and then the medical waste is treated in the system.
The system has the following specific treatment method for medical waste:
putting the medical waste into a feeding hole of a crusher, closing a feeding door, and crushing the medical waste by the crusher; the medical waste after being crushed enters a comprehensive sterilization device, the medical waste moves from a feeding end to a discharging end under the action of a spiral feeder, in the moving process of the medical waste, water is supplied to a water spraying port of the comprehensive sterilization device from a water outlet of a backflow water tank to humidify the medical waste, a microwave generator irradiates the humidified medical waste, microwave sterilization and damp-heat sterilization can be simultaneously carried out under the action of microwaves, then the medical waste moves to a heating unit, the medical waste is subjected to dry-heat sterilization at the temperature of 160 ℃ under the action of 130-, the liquefied water is left in the reflux water tank and is reused as humidification water of the comprehensive sterilization device; and finally discharging the treated dry medical waste to the outside from a discharge hole of the comprehensive sterilization device.
Furthermore, in order to ensure that water in the backflow water tank has enough condensation capacity, a thermometer and a liquid level meter are arranged in the backflow water tank, when the water temperature is detected to be higher than the set temperature, an air inlet in the backflow water tank is opened, cold air is introduced to reduce the water temperature, and when the water level in the backflow water tank is lower than the set water level, automatic water replenishing is performed through a water replenishing port to reduce the temperature of the backflow water.
Further, when medical waste is thrown and is arranged material, the high pressure draught fan is operation to realize throwing and arranging material under the negative pressure state, prevent that harmful gas from leaking.
Spatially relative terms, such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like, may be used in the embodiments for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatial terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the other elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "lower" can encompass both an upper and a lower orientation. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
Moreover, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one element from another element having the same name, without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such elements.
The invention has been described in an illustrative manner, and it is to be understood that any simple variations, modifications or other equivalent changes which can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a medical waste innocent treatment integrated system suitable for infectious ward which characterized in that: comprises a crusher, a comprehensive sterilization device, a backflow water tank, a biological filter, a high-pressure draught fan and a spiral discharging device;
the comprehensive sterilization device comprises a cylindrical shell which is transversely arranged, a spiral feeder is transversely arranged in the shell, a feed inlet is formed in the top of the front end of the shell, a discharge outlet is formed in the bottom of the tail end of the shell, a water spray nozzle, a microwave generator, a heating unit and a steam outlet are sequentially arranged on the shell from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet, the water spray nozzle is used for spraying water into the comprehensive sterilization device to humidify the medical waste, the microwave generator is used for performing microwave irradiation on the medical waste in the comprehensive sterilization device to realize moist heat sterilization and microwave sterilization, and the heating unit is used for heating the medical waste in the comprehensive sterilization device to perform dry heat sterilization and drying; the steam outlet is used for discharging steam generated in the comprehensive sterilization device;
the tank body of the backflow water tank is provided with a steam inlet, a water outlet, an air inlet and a water replenishing port, the steam inlet of the backflow water tank is communicated with the steam outlet of the comprehensive sterilization device through a pipeline, the water outlet of the backflow water tank is communicated with the water spray port of the comprehensive sterilization device through a pipeline, the tank port at the top of the backflow water tank is connected with the air inlet of a high-pressure draught fan through a biofilter, negative pressure is generated in the backflow water tank under the action of the high-pressure draught fan and is conducted into the comprehensive sterilization device, and then steam and other gases in the comprehensive sterilization device are exhausted from the air outlet of the high-pressure draught fan through the backflow water tank and;
and the feed inlet of the spiral discharger is communicated with the discharge outlet of the comprehensive sterilization device and is used for discharging the solid medical waste treated by the comprehensive sterilization device.
2. The integrated harmless treatment system for medical waste applicable to infectious disease wards of claim 1, wherein: the crusher adopts a shear type crusher.
3. The integrated harmless treatment system for medical waste applicable to infectious disease wards of claim 1, wherein: the top of the reflux water tank is also provided with an activated carbon layer for removing the foul smell.
4. The integrated harmless treatment system for medical waste applicable to infectious disease wards of claim 1, wherein: a first electric control valve is arranged on a water outlet pipeline of the backflow water tank, a second electric control valve is arranged at an air inlet of the backflow water tank, and a third electric control valve is arranged on a water replenishing pipeline of the backflow water tank.
5. The integrated harmless treatment system for medical waste applicable to infectious disease wards of claim 1, wherein: the heating unit adopts a heat conduction oil electric heating device, an oil cavity is formed in the heating unit, a heating rod is arranged in the oil cavity and used for heating heat conduction oil in the oil cavity, and the heat is further conducted to the shell of the comprehensive sterilization device and medical wastes in the shell.
6. The integrated harmless treatment system for medical waste applicable to infectious disease wards of claim 1, wherein: the breaker, synthesize sterilization apparatus, filter, backward flow water pitcher, high pressure draught fan and spiral discharger all set up in the protection casing, reserve the feed inlet of breaker, the bin outlet of spiral discharger and the purification gas vent and necessary circuit, the water route interface of high pressure draught fan on the protection casing to set up the tight feed gate that can open and shut at the feed inlet of breaker.
7. The method for realizing the on-site harmless treatment of the medical waste in the sickroom by using the medical waste harmless integrated treatment system suitable for the infectious disease ward of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the system is arranged in a ward, an exhaust port of a high-pressure draught fan is led out to the outside through a pipeline, and a discharge port of a spiral discharger is led out to the outside;
putting the medical waste into a feeding hole of a crusher, closing a feeding door, and crushing the medical waste by the crusher; the medical waste after being crushed enters a comprehensive sterilization device, the medical waste is moved from a feeding end to a discharging end under the action of a spiral feeder, in the moving process of the medical waste, water is supplied to a water spraying port of the comprehensive sterilization device from a water outlet of a reflux water tank to humidify the medical waste, a microwave generator irradiates the humidified medical waste, microwave sterilization and damp-heat sterilization are simultaneously carried out under the action of microwaves, then the medical waste moves to a heating unit, dry-heat sterilization is carried out on the medical waste under the action of the heating unit, water vapor and other gases generated in the whole sterilization process enter the reflux water tank under the action of negative pressure generated by a high-pressure draught fan, the water at the bottom of the reflux water tank cools and liquefies the steam in the reflux water tank, and then non-condensable gases are discharged to the outside from an exhaust port of the high-pressure draught fan through a biological filter, the liquefied water is left in the reflux water tank and is reused as humidification water of the comprehensive sterilization device; and finally discharging the treated dry medical waste to the outside from a discharge hole of the comprehensive sterilization device.
8. The method for realizing the on-site harmless treatment of the medical waste in the sickroom by using the medical waste harmless integrated treatment system suitable for the infectious disease ward of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the system is arranged outside a ward, a medical waste feeding port with a sealing door is arranged on the wall of the ward, and the feeding port is communicated with a feeding hole of a crusher;
putting medical wastes into a crusher from a medical waste feeding port on the wall of a ward, then closing a sealing door of the medical waste feeding port, crushing the medical wastes by the crusher, feeding the crushed medical wastes into a comprehensive sterilization device, moving the medical wastes from a feeding end to a discharging end under the action of a spiral feeder, humidifying the medical wastes by supplying water to a water spraying port of the comprehensive sterilization device from a water outlet of a reflux water tank in the moving process of the medical wastes, irradiating the humidified medical wastes by a microwave generator, simultaneously performing microwave sterilization and moist heat sterilization under the action of microwaves, moving the medical wastes to a heating unit, performing dry heat sterilization on the medical wastes under the action of the heating unit, and feeding water vapor and other gases generated in the whole sterilization process into the reflux water tank under the action of negative pressure generated by a high-pressure induced draft fan, after the steam in the water passing through the bottom of the reflux water tank is cooled and liquefied, the non-condensable gas is discharged from an exhaust port of a high-pressure induced draft fan through a biological filter, and the liquefied water is left in the reflux water tank and is reused as humidification water of the comprehensive sterilization device; and finally discharging the treated dry medical waste from a discharge port of the comprehensive sterilization device.
9. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: be provided with thermometer and level gauge in the backward flow water pitcher, when detecting that the temperature is higher than the settlement temperature, open the air intake on the backward flow water pitcher, let in cold wind and reduce the temperature, when the water level in the backward flow water pitcher is less than the settlement water level, through moisturizing mouth automatic water reduction backward flow temperature.
10. The method according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: when medical waste throws material and arranges the material, the high pressure draught fan is the operation, realizes throwing the material and arranging the material under the negative pressure state, prevents that harmful gas from leaking.
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| CN202010431679.5A CN111687167A (en) | 2020-05-20 | 2020-05-20 | Harmless integrated treatment method and system for medical waste suitable for infectious ward |
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| CN116350830A (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-06-30 | 潍坊志特环保科技有限公司 | Microwave steam dual sterilization device for medical waste sterilization |
| CN116600898A (en) * | 2021-08-26 | 2023-08-15 | 株式会社吉恩科创 | Waste treatment device and waste treatment method using same |
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Application publication date: 20200922 |