CN111682271A - Lead storage battery repairing method without prying cover plate - Google Patents

Lead storage battery repairing method without prying cover plate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111682271A
CN111682271A CN202010350762.XA CN202010350762A CN111682271A CN 111682271 A CN111682271 A CN 111682271A CN 202010350762 A CN202010350762 A CN 202010350762A CN 111682271 A CN111682271 A CN 111682271A
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battery
lead storage
storage battery
discharging
repairing
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CN111682271B (en
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柏钱华
佘爱强
洪清富
胡秋洪
佘小芬
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Zhejiang Hekeli Energy Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44Methods for charging or discharging
    • H01M10/448End of discharge regulating measures
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/44Methods for charging or discharging
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a lead storage battery repairing method without prying a cover plate, which comprises the following steps: (1) discharging the lead storage battery to be repaired to form negative pressure in the lead storage battery; (2) digging out the sealant in the sealant groove and detaching the wiring terminal; (3) replacing a new wiring terminal and pouring sealant into the sealant groove again; (4) and (4) carrying out charging and discharging repair on the lead storage battery to be repaired, and then matching. According to the lead storage battery repairing method, when repairing, the battery is discharged to a proper degree, so that a certain negative pressure is formed inside the battery, the battery can be repaired without prying off the cover plate, the wiring terminal is replaced, the repairing process is simple, the phenomenon that the performance of the repaired battery is influenced due to the fact that the contact air of the electrode plate inside the battery is oxidized due to prying off the cover plate, taking off the safety valve and the like is avoided, and the repairing success rate is improved.

Description

Lead storage battery repairing method without prying cover plate
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of repair and reuse of waste lead storage batteries, in particular to a lead storage battery repair method without cover plate prying.
Background
The lead storage battery mainly comprises electrolyte, a battery jar and a polar group, wherein the electrolyte of the lead storage battery is sulfuric acid solution, the polar group mainly comprises a positive plate, a negative plate and a partition plate, and the partition plate mainly stores the electrolyte and serves as a gas channel for compounding oxygen to prevent active substances from falling off and prevent short circuit between the positive and negative electrodes. The pole group is provided with a bus bar and a lead gap bridge to connect all the pole groups in series, the pole groups at two ends are connected with a terminal post, the terminal post passes through a post hole on a battery tank cover to serve as a positive output end and a negative output end (input end), in order to seal the terminal post and the post hole and ensure that the internal acid liquid is not leaked out, in the prior art, a glue tank (terminal tank) is generally arranged on the tank cover, the post hole is arranged at the bottom of the glue tank, an O-shaped sealing ring is sleeved on a part extending into the glue tank after the terminal post passes through the post hole, one end of a wiring terminal sheet is matched with the terminal post in the glue tank, the other end of the wiring terminal sheet extends out of the glue tank and is externally used for an external power supply wire, and.
For example, the utility model discloses a lead acid battery for electric bicycle that bulletin number is CN202058827U authorizes, including battery case cover plate, safety cover, lug, it has the groove of gluing to seal to open on the battery case cover plate, is equipped with the round backup pad along the notch that seals the groove of gluing, the safety cover sets up in the backup pad, lug one end sets up at sealing the inslot, the other end setting of lug is outside the safety cover. The lug includes first wiring portion, second wiring portion and location portion, location portion is the door shape, first wiring portion links to each other with the lower left corner of location portion, second wiring portion links to each other with the lower right corner of location portion.
At present, batteries are sometimes returned to the market due to various problems. After the battery returns to an enterprise, the returned battery is processed, firstly, the battery is rapidly screened according to the appearance of the battery, the battery is divided into two types, one type is abnormal in appearance, such as appearance damage, bulging deformation, terminal leakage corrosion and the like, the battery is directly judged to be scrapped, the other type is intact in appearance, the battery needs to be judged through detection, the battery can be largely divided into three types, the battery has higher discharge capacity, and the battery is actually a healthy battery and can be directly used; one type is low detection capacity, the capacity is improved after repair, the turnover or maintenance use requirements can be met, and the rest part is a non-repairable battery and belongs to a failed battery.
For example, chinese patent publication No. CN102208698A discloses a method for processing returned batteries, and belongs to the technical field of storage batteries. The method solves the problem that the capacity judgment is inaccurate when the existing battery manufacturer processes the returned battery. A returned battery processing method, comprising the steps of: a. charging in parallel; b, connecting a certain number of batteries in parallel and then connecting the batteries to two ends of a charging power supply for charging, and entering the step b after the batteries are fully charged; b. judging the capacity; detaching each battery, discharging each battery individually by using a discharging instrument until the batteries are discharged to a specified voltage, recording the discharging time of each battery, and judging the capacity of each battery; c. recharging; and connecting the discharged batteries in parallel again, and recharging the batteries by the charging power supply until the batteries are fully charged.
For a part of returned batteries, the main problems are that the sealing between the end pole and the glue groove causes acid leakage, acid electrolyte inside the battery climbs acid along the end pole, the acid liquor corrodes the terminal, and the terminal needs to be replaced and the glue groove needs to be filled with glue again for sealing during repair. When repairing the battery in the prior art, the cover plate on the top surface of the battery cover needs to be pried off, the safety valve is taken down, the acid injection hole is opened, so as to release the internal pressure of the battery, the terminal is replaced in the glue groove and the sealant is refilled, the cover plate is reinstalled after the repair of the glue groove is completed,
disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a lead storage battery repairing method without a cover plate prying.
A lead storage battery repairing method without prying a cover plate is characterized in that a glue groove is formed in the top surface of a cover body of the lead storage battery, a wiring terminal is arranged in the glue groove, acid leaks in the glue groove of the lead storage battery to be repaired,
the lead storage battery repairing method comprises the following steps:
(1) discharging the lead storage battery to be repaired to form negative pressure in the lead storage battery;
(2) digging out the sealant in the sealant groove and detaching the wiring terminal;
(3) replacing a new wiring terminal and pouring sealant into the sealant groove again;
(4) and (4) carrying out charging and discharging repair on the lead storage battery to be repaired, and then matching.
Preferably, the step (1) discharges to 70% to 80% of the battery capacity. If the residual capacity of the battery after discharging is large, namely the discharged battery capacity is small, the internal pressure of the battery is still large, and the effect cannot be achieved; when the remaining capacity of the battery after discharge is small, that is, the discharged battery capacity is large, for example, when the battery is completely discharged, the negative pressure inside the battery is too large, and the sealant is sucked into the battery when being resealed, which also affects the repair.
More preferably, the step (1) discharge uses constant current discharge, and the current is 0.5C2And A, finishing discharging when the battery voltage reaches 11V/battery or the discharging time reaches 1.6 h.
Preferably, after the sealant is refilled in the step (3), the sealant is cured at normal temperature for 24-48 hours.
Preferably, the charge-discharge repairing process in the step (4) includes:
(a) converting lead sulfate inside the battery by using 16V/constant-voltage repair;
(b) discharging;
(c) fully charging the battery;
(d) and matching the batteries according to the discharge condition of the second step.
More preferably, 16V constant voltage down-flow charging is performed for 10h in step (a). The current is gradually reduced after the voltage reaches the rated voltage in the charging process, the battery is prevented from generating a bulging phenomenon in the charging process, and the internal lead sulfate is gradually converted into lead and lead dioxide by small current under the high-voltage 16V state, so that an active substance capable of storing electric quantity is formed, and the repairing effect is achieved.
More preferably, the mixture is allowed to stand for 60min between steps (a) and (b).
More preferably, the step (b) discharge is performed by constant current discharge with the current magnitude of 1C2And A, the discharge termination condition is that the voltage is lower than 10V/piece, or the discharge time reaches 130 min.
More preferably, the battery which is discharged to 10.5V in the step (b) and has the discharge time not more than 90min is judged as the repair failure, the battery which is more than 90min and less than 120min is repaired again, and the rest batteries are matched, wherein the matching mode is as follows: the batteries with the discharge time difference within 0.5min and the open circuit voltage difference within 0.04V when the batteries are discharged to 10.5V are divided into one group, and a plurality of batteries are taken from the same group to be matched into one group.
More preferably, the step (c) of fully charging the battery uses a charging voltage of 14.8V/battery, constant voltage current reduction charging, and a charging time of 10 h.
According to the lead storage battery repairing method, when repairing, the battery is discharged to a proper degree, so that a certain negative pressure is formed inside the battery, the battery can be repaired without prying off the cover plate, the wiring terminal is replaced, the repairing process is simple, the phenomenon that the performance of the repaired battery is influenced due to the fact that the contact air of the electrode plate inside the battery is oxidized due to prying off the cover plate, taking off the safety valve and the like is avoided, and the repairing success rate is improved.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The lead-acid battery repair method without prying the cover plate comprises the following steps:
1. preparation work: placing the leakage batteries returned from the market in place on a charging frame, connecting the leakage batteries with a bus type charging and discharging instrument, and connecting a plurality of storage batteries in series to form a charging and discharging loop;
2. discharging: discharging the batteries on the loop according to the discharge parameter table 1 until the capacity of a single battery is 80% (discharge time is 1.6h) or the voltage is 11V, and stopping discharging;
TABLE 1 acid evolution battery technological parameter table
Serial number Mode(s) Current (A) Voltage of Time of day
1 Discharge of electricity 3 11V/single 1.6h
2 End up
3. A specially-assigned person puts the battery off a shelf to a packaging table and then carries out lug plate changing treatment;
4. removing the red and blue color glue and the wiring lug by using a special tool, cleaning the wiring lug opening to be clean, putting a new wiring lug for welding, naturally cooling to room temperature, pouring the red and blue color glue until the wiring lug opening is flush, standing for 24h, and drying and curing;
5. after the solidification is confirmed, the battery is put on the shelf and connected with a bus type charging and discharging instrument, and a plurality of storage batteries are connected in series to form a charging and discharging loop.
6. Secondary charge-discharge screening
Charging and discharging are carried out according to the process parameter table in the table 2.
TABLE 2 secondary screening technological parameter table for acid batteries
Figure BDA0002471740390000041
Note: the process is continuously operated without stopping or pausing illegally. And subsequently, directly grouping, packaging and warehousing the screened qualified batteries.
7. In the discharge test of the second stage of the table, the test unit monitors and records the voltage change condition of the lead-acid storage battery in the discharge process in real time. The grading process was performed according to the time until the single cell voltage was below 10.5v, see table 3.
TABLE 3 grading
Figure BDA0002471740390000042
Figure BDA0002471740390000051
8. And (4) selecting and taking the qualified batteries in the matched group by a specially-assigned person according to the matched group result, flowing the batteries to a packaging and sorting table, picking out the batteries with the same gear in the same batch, putting the batteries together and placing the batteries on the packaging and sorting table.
9. And (3) matching, referring to the batteries which reach the standard after being repaired in the table 3 according to the matching principle, and matching the batteries with the same discharge time (the time difference is within 0.5 minute) and the open-circuit voltage difference is less than or equal to 0.04V.
10. And (5) laser coding, packaging and warehousing.
Example 2
The lead-acid battery repair method without prying the cover plate comprises the following steps:
1. preparation work: placing the leakage batteries returned from the market in place on a charging frame, connecting the leakage batteries with a bus type charging and discharging instrument, and connecting a plurality of storage batteries in series to form a charging and discharging loop;
2. discharging: discharging the batteries on the loop according to the discharge parameter table 4, and stopping discharging when the single battery is 60% -100%;
table 4 acid battery process parameter table
Serial number Mode(s) 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
1 Current (A) 3A 3A 3A 3A 3A
2 Time (h) 1.1h 1.4h 1.6h 1.8h 2h
3 Remarks for note
The subsequent steps were carried out in the same manner as in example 1.
The results of the tests performed by the depth of discharge of table 4 are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5
Figure BDA0002471740390000061
The test is passed: when the discharge reaches 70% -80%, namely when the voltage reaches 11V, the qualification rate is highest, so the discharge capacity of 70% -80% is best.
Comparative example 1
The method for repairing the lead-acid battery with the prying cover plate comprises the following steps:
1. preparation work: placing the leakage batteries returned from the market on a packaging table surface, prying the leakage batteries by a special person, and removing a safety valve;
2. removing the red and blue color glue and the wiring lug by using a special tool, cleaning the wiring lug opening to be clean, putting a new wiring lug for welding, naturally cooling to room temperature, pouring the red and blue color glue until the wiring lug opening is flush, standing for 24h, and drying and curing;
3. after the solidification is confirmed, a specially-assigned person covers the leather cap, and an ultrasonic welding device is used for welding a cover plate, then the cover plate is put on the shelf and connected with a bus type charging and discharging instrument, and a plurality of storage batteries are connected in series to form a charging and discharging loop;
4. primary screening is carried out, and charging and discharging are carried out according to the process parameters in the table 6.
TABLE 6 Charge and discharge Processes
Figure BDA0002471740390000071
Note: the process is continuously operated without stopping or pausing illegally. The low voltage battery is selected to have a pause time of not more than 5 minutes.
In the discharge test of the second stage in the table above, the cells monitor and record the voltage change condition of the lead-acid storage battery in the discharge process in real time, and the batteries are classified according to the discharge time when the voltage value is reduced to 1.75V/cell, which is shown in table 7.
TABLE 7 Classification processing method
Gear position Time of discharge Classification result
1 < 60.0 minutes Disposal of scrap
2 Not less than 60.0 minutes and less than 110.0 minutes For making batteries without three packs
3 Not less than 110.0 minutes As secondary screening battery
Table 8 example discharge test results
Figure BDA0002471740390000072
TABLE 9 comparative example discharge test results
Figure BDA0002471740390000073
The secondary charge and discharge screening was performed in the same manner as in example 1.
As can be seen from the above data, comparative example 1 was screened more than example 1, the total charge was 14.4Ah more than the single cell, the time was about 10 hours more than example 1, and the total yield was inferior to example 1, and the results are shown in tables 8 and 9.

Claims (10)

1. A lead storage battery repairing method without prying a cover plate is characterized in that a glue groove is formed in the top surface of a cover body of the lead storage battery, a wiring terminal is arranged in the glue groove, acid leaks in the glue groove of the lead storage battery to be repaired,
the method for repairing the lead storage battery is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) discharging the lead storage battery to be repaired to form negative pressure in the lead storage battery;
(2) digging out the sealant in the sealant groove and detaching the wiring terminal;
(3) replacing a new wiring terminal and pouring sealant into the sealant groove again;
(4) and (4) carrying out charging and discharging repair on the lead storage battery to be repaired, and then matching.
2. The lead storage battery repairing method according to claim 1, wherein the step (1) discharges to 70% to 80% of the battery capacity.
3. The method for repairing a lead acid battery according to claim 2, wherein the discharge in the step (1) is performed by constant current discharge with a current level of 0.5C2And A, finishing discharging when the battery voltage reaches 11V/battery or the discharging time reaches 1.6 h.
4. The lead storage battery repairing method according to claim 1, wherein after the sealant is refilled in the step (3), the sealant is cured at normal temperature for 24-48 hours.
5. The lead storage battery restoration method according to claim 1, wherein the charge-discharge restoration process of step (4) comprises:
(a) converting lead sulfate inside the battery by using 16V/constant-voltage repair;
(b) discharging;
(c) fully charging the battery;
(d) and matching the batteries according to the discharge condition of the second step.
6. The lead storage battery repairing method according to claim 5, wherein 16V constant voltage current-dropping charging is carried out for 10h in the step (a).
7. The lead-acid battery reconditioning method of claim 5, wherein between steps (a) and (b) the process is allowed to stand for 60 min.
8. The lead-acid battery repairing method according to claim 5, wherein the discharging in the step (b) uses a constant current discharging with a current value of 1C2And A, the discharge termination condition is that the voltage is lower than 10V/piece, or the discharge time reaches 130 min.
9. The method for repairing a lead acid battery according to claim 8, wherein the battery which is discharged to 10.5V in the step (b) and has a discharge time of not more than 90min is judged as a repair failure, the battery which is more than 90min and less than 120min is repaired again, and the remaining batteries are matched in a way that: the batteries with the discharge time difference within 0.5min and the open circuit voltage difference within 0.04V when the batteries are discharged to 10.5V are divided into one group, and a plurality of batteries are taken from the same group to be matched into one group.
10. The lead storage battery repairing method according to claim 5, wherein the step (c) of fully charging the battery uses a charging voltage of 14.8V/battery, constant voltage current reduction charging, and a charging time of 10 hours.
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Cited By (1)

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CN115133235A (en) * 2022-05-31 2022-09-30 浙江天能电池(江苏)有限公司 Method for repairing large-density terminal of storage battery after corrosion

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