CN111678855A - Ring cutter infiltration test device - Google Patents
Ring cutter infiltration test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111678855A CN111678855A CN202010754691.XA CN202010754691A CN111678855A CN 111678855 A CN111678855 A CN 111678855A CN 202010754691 A CN202010754691 A CN 202010754691A CN 111678855 A CN111678855 A CN 111678855A
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- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 206010019233 Headaches Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N13/00—Investigating surface or boundary effects, e.g. wetting power; Investigating diffusion effects; Analysing materials by determining surface, boundary, or diffusion effects
- G01N13/04—Investigating osmotic effects
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/0806—Details, e.g. sample holders, mounting samples for testing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D9/00—Level control, e.g. controlling quantity of material stored in vessel
- G05D9/12—Level control, e.g. controlling quantity of material stored in vessel characterised by the use of electric means
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a ring cutter infiltration test device which comprises a water tank, a water head control chamber, a ring cutter and a liquid collecting funnel, wherein the water head control chamber is connected with the water tank through a pipeline, an electric control water valve is arranged on the pipeline, the ring cutter is respectively connected with the water head control chamber and the liquid collecting funnel, the water head control chamber comprises a float switch, a compression bolt and a cylinder body, the float switch is connected with the cylinder body through the compression bolt, the float switch is connected with the electric control water valve, and the water inlet start and stop are controlled through the lifting of the float switch. The invention is simple and convenient to disassemble and install, and can complete the installation of the experimental device without any tool for testing; the water level is controlled in real time through the float switch, and the seepage and seepage quantities are fully automatically collected by using the flow meter and the electronic scale, so that the workload of scientific research personnel is greatly reduced; the test under different water head pressures can be carried out under the condition of different soil body replacement, so that the test accuracy is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a penetration test device, in particular to a cutting ring penetration test device.
Background
Infiltration is the physical phenomenon of water entering the soil and is expressed in terms of the amount of water infiltrated per unit time or in terms of an infiltration curve over time. Is closely related to the aspects of soil erosion, water and soil loss crop irrigation management and the like. Many researchers believe that the measurement of infiltration performance is an indicator of soil properties, and therefore there are many methods for measuring soil infiltration rates, such as the ring knife method, the double ring method, the disc infiltration instrument, the artificial rainfall method, and the like. The cutting ring method has the characteristics of simple operation, intuitive calculation method, economy and the like, and is wide in application range. The ring cutting method adopts a circular ring, the circular ring is pressed into the soil, and then the circular ring and the soil column are taken out together; one end of the ring is connected with a same empty ring, the same empty ring is vertically placed on a liquid collecting funnel, water is added into the empty ring, the water level of the empty ring is kept unchanged, the amount of water entering the empty ring within a certain time is recorded, the area of the ring is divided, and the infiltration rate is calculated. Because the infiltration water quantity is once recorded every minute to the cutting ring infiltration experiment needs, the constancy of while want control water level, and the operation requires highly, makes mistakes easily in operation process and leads to experimental error. Meanwhile, the existing soil infiltration and erosion test method is characterized in that a reduced slope surface is established, artificial rainfall is carried out to scour the slope surface, erosion sand yield is recorded after runoff is collected and dried, holes are formed in the bottom of a model box to collect infiltration liquid, and infiltration amount is recorded, which is always ignored, migration amount of fine soil particles caused by hydraulic action among pores of a soil body can form a new water flow channel along with migration of the soil particles and bring nearby soil particles, and the migration action can change the structural characteristics of the soil body to a certain extent, so that engineering accidents such as road collapse, slope landslide and the like can be caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the ring knife infiltration test device which is simple and portable, can accurately control the water level, improves the measurement accuracy and can measure the infiltration sand yield.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a ring cutter infiltration test device which comprises a water tank, a water head control chamber, a ring cutter and a liquid collecting funnel, wherein the water head control chamber is connected with the water tank through a pipeline, an electric control water valve is arranged on the pipeline, the ring cutter is respectively connected with the water head control chamber and the liquid collecting funnel, the water head control chamber comprises a float switch, a compression bolt and a cylinder body, the float switch is connected with the cylinder body through the compression bolt, the float switch is connected with the electric control water valve, and the start and stop of water inflow are controlled through the ascending and descending of the float switch.
The pipeline is provided with a flowmeter, the flowmeter is connected with a computer, and the water flow is collected through the computer. A water containing device is arranged below the liquid collecting funnel. The water containing device is arranged above the electronic scale, and the electronic scale is connected with the computer. The electronic scale may be replaced by a pressure sensor of the same function. And (4) acquiring data of the electronic scale and the flowmeter through a computer, and calculating the permeation rate and the infiltration sand yield.
The rod piece of the float switch is provided with scales, so that the water head can be conveniently adjusted to control the indoor water level height. The threads of the compression bolt are tapered threads with a large upper part and a small lower part, and are matched with the three-clack connector at the top of the cylinder body, so that the tightness of the compression bolt can be adjusted, the float switch can move up and down along the rod piece, and the water level height can be adjusted.
The barrel and the liquid collecting funnel are connected with the supporting device. The supporting device comprises supporting legs, a stand column, a first inclined rod, a first connecting rod, a second inclined rod, a second connecting rod, a supporting ring and a clamping part, the stand column is connected with the supporting legs, the first inclined rod, the first connecting rod, the second inclined rod and the second connecting rod, the supporting ring is connected with the first connecting rod and the liquid collecting funnel, and the clamping part is connected with the second connecting rod and the barrel. The upright post, the first inclined rod, the first connecting rod, the second inclined rod and the second connecting rod can rotate 180 degrees, and assembly and disassembly are convenient.
Soil to be measured is placed in the cutting ring. The barrel of flood peak control room passes through waterproof sticky tape with the cutting ring and seals, and the installation sample of being convenient for prevents that water from flowing from the seam crossing.
The working principle is as follows: the rise and fall of the water level are controlled in real time through a floating ball switch extending into the water head control chamber. When the water level drops, the floating ball drops, the electric control water valve is opened, and water enters; when the water level reaches the set water level, the floating ball switch rises to the preset height, the electric control water valve is closed, and water inlet is stopped. The tightness of the compression bolt is adjusted to adjust or fix the float switch, and the switch can be lifted up and down to set the high bottom of the water level. And acquiring the outflow and inflow per minute by using a computer through a data acquisition type electronic scale and a flowmeter, thereby calculating the infiltration rate and the seepage loss of the sample to be detected.
The formula for the calculation of the permeation rate is V ═ Qn×10)/(Tn× S), the calculation formula of the sand yield after infiltration is M-Qs-Qn. In the formula, V is the penetration rate of the soil body to be measured; qnThe amount of water (ml) was poured in for the test; t isnIs the test time; s is the area of the cutting ring, QsThe outflow during the test was measured.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable characteristics:
1. the device is simple and convenient to disassemble and install, and the installation of the experimental device can be completed without any tool for testing;
2. the water level is controlled in real time through the float switch, and the seepage and seepage quantities are fully automatically collected by using the flow meter and the electronic scale, so that the workload of scientific research personnel is greatly reduced;
3. the test under different water head pressures can be carried out under the condition of different soil body replacement, the control of the water level is realized through the float switch, water is added in real time in the test process, and the height of the water level is kept, so that the test accuracy is improved;
4. the amount of the infiltration sand can be measured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a half sectional view of the head control chamber 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a perspective view of the head control chamber 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the support device 11 of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a control schematic of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The directions shown in the drawings of the specification are up, down, left and right.
As shown in fig. 1, the infiltration test device mainly comprises three major parts, a water head control system, an infiltration liquid collecting device and a data acquisition system. The water head control system comprises an electric control water valve 6 and a water head control chamber 2; the infiltration liquid collecting device comprises a supporting device 11, a liquid collecting funnel 4 and a water containing device 9; the data acquisition system comprises a flowmeter 7 and an electronic scale 10. The electric control water valve 6 is connected with a water outlet on the water tank 1 through a pipeline 5 and a flowmeter 7. The flowmeter 7 is connected with a water inlet interface on the water head control chamber 2 through a pipeline 5. The soil body to be measured is placed in the cutting ring 3, the top of the cutting ring 3 is connected with the water head control chamber 2, the bottom of the cutting ring is connected with the liquid collecting funnel 4, the outer wall of a liquid collecting opening of the liquid collecting funnel 4 is of a stepped structure, and the inner diameter of the cutting opening is matched with the cutting edge of the cutting ring 3. The liquid collecting funnel 4 is arranged on the supporting device 11. The infiltration liquid is collected by the liquid collecting funnel 4 and flows to the infiltration liquid water holding device 9. When the test is started, water flow passes through the electric control water valve 6, the flow is calculated through the flow meter 7, and the flow data on the flow meter 7 are collected through the computer 8. When the seepage liquid is collected by the water containing device 9, the electronic scale 10 instantly collects seepage data through the data transmission interface and transmits the seepage data to the computer 8.
Referring to fig. 2 to 3, the opening and closing of the electrically controlled water valve 6 is controlled by the float switch 201. The float switch 201 is embedded into the cylinder 203 from the middle of the top of the cylinder 203 of the water head control chamber 3, scales are marked on a rod of the float switch 201, the rod is fixed through the compression bolt 202, and the rod of the float switch 201 moves up and down by adjusting the tightness of the compression bolt 202, so that the height of the water level is adjusted. The nut of the compression bolt 202 is a conical thread with an internal thread of which the upper part is large and the lower part is small, and is matched with the three-clack interface at the top of the water head control chamber 2, and the three-clack interface deforms and is tightened inwards along with the screwing of the nut of the compression bolt 202, so that the float switch 201 is fixed. When the water level reaches the set water level, the floating ball floats upwards, the floating ball switch 201 is switched off, the electric control water valve 6 is switched off to stop water supply, the floating ball descends while the water level descends, the floating ball switch 201 is switched on, the electric control water valve 6 is switched on to start water supply, and the water level can be accurately controlled repeatedly. The inside and outside diameters of the water head control chamber 2 are consistent with those of the cutting ring 3, and after the water head control chamber is connected with the float switch 201 and the water inlet pipeline 5, the water head control chamber is connected with one end of the cutting ring 3 without a cutting edge through a waterproof adhesive tape and is placed on the liquid collecting funnel 4.
As shown in fig. 4, the upright post 112 of the supporting device 11 is hinged to the first diagonal rod 113, the first connecting rod 114, the second diagonal rod 115, and the second connecting rod 116, and the bottom end thereof is fixedly connected to the two legs 111. The first connecting rod 114 and the second connecting rod 116 are fixed at 90 degrees with the upright post 112 through the first inclined rod 113 and the second inclined rod 115. The first connecting rod 114 is overlapped with a supporting ring 117 for placing the liquid collecting funnel 4, the second connecting rod 116 is overlapped with a clamping part 118 for clamping the water head control chamber 2, and the supporting device 11 can be folded and stored after the test is finished.
Referring to fig. 5, the power source 12 is an ac power source and supplies power to the head control chamber 2, the electrically controlled water valve 6, the flow meter 7, and the electronic scale 10. The float switch 201 is connected with the power supply 12 and the electric control water valve 6 through a conducting wire, and the closing of a loop of the float switch 201, the power supply 12 and the electric control water valve 6 is controlled through a magnet 204 in the float switch 201. One end of the flowmeter 7 is connected with a pipeline interface of the electric control water valve 6 through a pipeline 5, the other end of the flowmeter is connected with a water inlet of the water head control chamber 2 through the pipeline 5, is connected with the power supply 12 through a wire and is connected with the computer 8 through a data transmission line. The electronic scale 10 is connected to a power source 12 through a wire and to the computer 8 through a data transmission line.
The installation method of the cutting ring infiltration device comprises the following steps:
(1) the supporting device 11 is opened and fixed;
(2) placing the liquid collecting funnel 4 in a supporting ring 117 of a supporting device 11, and placing a water containing device 9 on an electronic scale 10;
(3) fixing a float switch 201 on a cylinder 203 of a water head control chamber 2 through a compression bolt 202, and setting the height of a water level;
(4) a water supply pipeline 5 is connected to the water inlet of the water head control chamber 2;
(5) the flowmeter 7 and the electronic scale 10 are connected with the computer 8;
(6) connecting the water head control chamber 2, the cutting ring 3 and the soil column to be tested through a waterproof adhesive tape, placing the water head control chamber on the liquid collecting funnel 4, and fixing the water head control chamber, the cutting ring and the soil column to be tested through a clamping part 118 of the supporting device 11;
(7) the test was started.
The test starts by dripping the first drop of water from the funnel, continuously acquiring 4 groups of data, judging that the sample reaches stable permeability by the same test, and calculating the permeation rateThe formula is V ═ Qn×10)/(Tn× S), the calculation formula of the sand yield after infiltration is M-Qs-Qn。
In the formula, V is the penetration rate of the soil body to be measured; qnThe amount of water (ml) was poured in for the test; t isnIs the test time; s is the area of the cutting ring, QsThe outflow during the test was measured.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a cutting ring infiltration test device which characterized in that: including water tank (1), flood peak control room (2), cutting ring (3) and collection liquid funnel (4), flood peak control room (2) link to each other with water tank (1) through pipeline (5), set up automatically controlled water valve (6) on pipeline (5), cutting ring (3) link to each other with flood peak control room (2), collection liquid funnel (4) respectively, flood peak control room (2) are including float switch (201), compression bolt (202) and barrel (203), float switch (201) link to each other with barrel (203) through compression bolt (202), float switch (201) link to each other with automatically controlled water valve (6), and the lift control through float switch (201) is intake and is stopped and is opened.
2. The ring knife infiltration test device of claim 1, characterized in that: and a flowmeter (7) is arranged on the pipeline (5), and the flowmeter (7) is connected with a computer (8).
3. The ring knife infiltration test device of claim 1, characterized in that: a water containing device (9) is arranged below the liquid collecting funnel (4).
4. The ring knife infiltration test device of claim 3, characterized in that: the water containing device (9) is arranged above the electronic scale (10), and the electronic scale (10) is connected with the computer (8).
5. The ring knife infiltration test device of claim 1, characterized in that: and scales are arranged on a rod piece of the floating ball switch (201).
6. The ring knife infiltration test device of claim 1, characterized in that: the threads of the compression bolt (202) are tapered threads with a large upper part and a small lower part, and are matched with a three-clack interface at the top of the cylinder body (203).
7. The ring knife infiltration test device of claim 1, characterized in that: the cylinder (203) and the liquid collecting funnel (4) are connected with the supporting device (11).
8. The ring knife infiltration test device of claim 7, characterized in that: the supporting device (11) comprises supporting legs (111), a vertical column (112), a first inclined rod (113), a first connecting rod (114), a second inclined rod (115), a second connecting rod (116), a supporting ring (117) and a clamping part (118), wherein the vertical column (112) is connected with the supporting legs (111), the first inclined rod (113), the first connecting rod (114), the second inclined rod (115) and the second connecting rod (116), the supporting ring (117) is connected with the first connecting rod (114) and the liquid collecting funnel (4), and the clamping part (118) is connected with the second connecting rod (116) and the simple body (203).
9. The ring knife infiltration test device of claim 1, characterized in that: soil bodies to be detected are placed in the cutting ring (3).
10. The ring knife infiltration test device of claim 1, characterized in that: the water head control chamber (2) and the cylinder body (203) are sealed through a waterproof adhesive tape.
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CN202010754691.XA CN111678855A (en) | 2020-07-30 | 2020-07-30 | Ring cutter infiltration test device |
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CN202010754691.XA CN111678855A (en) | 2020-07-30 | 2020-07-30 | Ring cutter infiltration test device |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN114659938A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-06-24 | 四川农业大学 | Full-automatic measuring instrument for soil priority flow experiment |
CN115078225A (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2022-09-20 | 黑龙江省水利水电勘测设计研究院 | In-situ infiltration testing system and testing method thereof |
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CN114659938A (en) * | 2022-04-08 | 2022-06-24 | 四川农业大学 | Full-automatic measuring instrument for soil priority flow experiment |
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Application publication date: 20200918 |