CN111678743A - Continuous automatic monitoring system for dust fall of ambient air and control method thereof - Google Patents
Continuous automatic monitoring system for dust fall of ambient air and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 264
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 10
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- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses an ambient air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system and a control method thereof, and relates to the field of ambient air monitoring. The system and the control method thereof are high in precision, simple in structure and low in cost. The invention relates to an ambient air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system which comprises a dust fall collecting device, a dust fall transferring device, a fallen leaf cleaning device, a dust fall detecting device and a data collecting and transmitting device, wherein a funnel-type cylinder bottom outlet of a wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder in the dust fall collecting device is communicated with a two-way valve in the dust fall transferring device; the dust fall transfer device also comprises a purging unit, a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve and a wet dust fall barrel, wherein the two-way valve, the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are sequentially connected in the vertical direction, and an outlet of the second three-way valve is connected with a dust fall detection device; the fallen leaf cleaning device comprises a funnel lifting unit; the dust fall detection device comprises a filter membrane; and the data acquisition and transmission device is used for acquiring and transmitting the data measured by the dust fall detection device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ambient air monitoring, in particular to an ambient air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system and a control method thereof.
Background
The gravimetric method for ambient air dustfall (GB/T15265-94) defines atmospheric dustfall as particulate matter that naturally settles in a dust collecting tank by gravity under ambient air conditions, and these particulate matters are widely available, have complex components, and often have particle sizes of 10 μm or more. However, the particles below 10 μm in the ambient air can also settle, and in addition, when rainfall or snowfall occurs, the particles can also fall on the ground surface through the scouring action to form dust fall.
Although the influence of dust fall on human health is far less than that of inhalable Particles (PM)10) And fine Particulate Matter (PM)2.5) However, the current situation that people often have dust on surfaces such as windowsills, desktops, automobiles and the like is very annoying, and the situation of northern cities is particularly obvious.
The unit of dust fall amount is ton/month-square kilometer, the monitoring period of dust fall is 1 month, the monitoring period of other environmental air pollution items is 1 day or 1 hour, the dust fall prevention work cannot be guided by the seriously lagged dust fall monitoring result, and the research on the environmental air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring technology is urgently needed in China. In addition, the ethylene glycol solution is adopted in China to collect dust, and leaves fall into the dust collecting cylinder and are soaked in the ethylene glycol solution, so that the dust-reducing amount monitoring result can be seriously influenced, and the accurate monitoring result can be ensured by timely removing the leaves.
China develops some work in the aspects of dust fall sampling and measurement, but a solution for continuous and automatic dust fall monitoring and leaf clearing is not provided.
For example, the Chinese invention patent CN106442016A discloses an all-weather automatic dust collector with large sample volume, which realizes full-automatic large sample volume collection through a dust hopper and a plurality of dust collection sample collection bottles, but fails to automatically monitor dust;
the Chinese invention patent CN104062453A discloses an atmospheric dry and wet sedimentation multi-parameter online continuous automatic monitor, which collects dry and wet sediments through two groups of sampling barrels respectively, and washes the dry sediment collecting barrel by deionized water, and the monitor can monitor the parameters of pH value, conductivity, ions and the like of a dustfall aqueous solution sample, but cannot monitor the dustfall amount.
In summary, there is a need for a continuous and automatic ambient air dust fall monitoring system capable of removing the influence of leaves and obtaining the dust fall amount real-time data, which realizes a revolution of dust fall monitoring technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ambient air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system with high precision, simple structure and low cost and a control method thereof.
The invention provides a technical scheme that an ambient air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system comprises a dust fall collecting device, a dust fall transferring device, a fallen leaf cleaning device, a dust fall detecting device and a data collecting and transmitting device,
the dustfall collecting device comprises a wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder and a rain and snow sensor, the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a funnel-type cylinder bottom, and an outlet of the funnel-type cylinder bottom is communicated with a two-way valve in the dustfall transferring device;
the dust fall transfer device further comprises a purging unit, a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve and a wet dust fall cylinder, wherein the purging unit is used for purging the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder, the two-way valve, the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are sequentially connected in the vertical direction, a horizontal outlet of the first three-way valve is connected with the wet dust fall cylinder, and an outlet of the second three-way valve is connected with a dust fall detection device;
the fallen leaf cleaning device comprises a funnel lifting unit, and the funnel lifting unit is used for lifting the funnel type cylinder bottom of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder;
the dust fall detection device comprises a filter membrane, and the filter membrane is used for receiving dust fall;
and the data acquisition and transmission device is used for acquiring and transmitting data measured by the dust fall detection device.
The invention relates to an ambient air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system, wherein the fallen leaf cleaning device further comprises a conical filter screen, the conical filter screen is installed inside a cylinder body of a wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder and covers the upper part of the funnel-type cylinder bottom, and the conical filter screen can move along with the funnel-type cylinder bottom.
The invention relates to an ambient air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system, wherein the dust fall transfer device further comprises a first air filter, the first air filter is provided with an air inlet, and the first air filter is connected with a horizontal inlet of a second three-way valve through a pipeline.
The invention relates to an ambient air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system, wherein a purging unit comprises a lifting support, a cloud deck, a rotating support, a sealing cover and a nozzle, the nozzle is arranged on the sealing cover, the sealing cover is fixedly connected with the rotating support, and the rotating support is fixedly connected with the lifting support.
The invention relates to an ambient air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system, wherein a nozzle which has the functions of blowing and flushing is arranged in the center of a sealing cover; or the device is an independent blowing nozzle and an independent flushing nozzle, and a plurality of nozzles are uniformly distributed on the sealing cover at intervals.
The invention relates to an ambient air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system, wherein a nozzle for purging is connected with a hot air pump through a gas circuit and a second air filter, and a nozzle for flushing is connected with a wet settling cylinder through a water circuit, a water pump and a water filter.
The invention relates to an ambient air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system, wherein the outer diameter of a sealing cover is slightly larger than the opening diameter of a wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder, and a sealing ring is arranged on the bottom surface of the sealing cover and used for sealing a gap at the joint of the dust collecting cylinder and the sealing cover.
The invention relates to an ambient air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system, wherein a wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder is cylindrical, the diameter of an opening of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder is at least 150mm, the inner diameter of the cylinder is slightly larger than the diameter of the opening of the cylinder, the height of the cylinder is at least 2 times of the diameter of the opening of the cylinder, and the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder is provided with a bird repeller and a pest repeller.
The invention relates to an ambient air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system, wherein a dust fall detection device is one of a particulate matter single-film sampler, a particulate matter automatic film-changing sampler or a particulate matter on-line monitor.
According to another technical scheme provided by the invention, the control method for controlling the monitoring system comprises the steps of collecting dry dust fall quality data measured by a dust fall detection device in real time through a data collection and transmission device, calculating and storing dry dust fall amount, transmitting the dry dust fall amount data to an upper computer through a transmission network, searching and downloading the dry dust fall amount data from the upper computer by a user, measuring time by taking 1h as a unit, wherein at least 45min is dust fall collection time, at most 15min is dust fall transfer time, and closing a two-way valve within the dust fall collection time;
in the dust fall transfer time, the two-way valve is opened:
if the rain and snow sensor senses rain or snow in the dust fall collection time, the first three-way valve closes the vertical outlet and communicates the vertical inlet and the horizontal outlet, and the first three-way valve is connected with the wet dust fall barrel; starting a purging unit, firstly washing with distilled water or water with the same purity for at least 1min, then purging with hot air for at least 3min, then closing the two-way valve, simultaneously downwards moving the funnel-type cylinder bottom through the funnel lifting unit, separating the funnel-type cylinder bottom from the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder, blowing fallen leaves in the cylinder body, and purging for at least 1 min; and then the funnel-type cylinder bottom is moved upwards by the funnel lifting unit, so that the funnel-type cylinder bottom is sealed with the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder. The second three-way valve closes the vertical inlet and communicates the horizontal inlet and the vertical outlet within unit measuring time;
if the rain and snow sensor does not sense rainfall or snowfall within the dustfall collection time, the first three-way valve closes the horizontal outlet and communicates the vertical inlet and the vertical outlet, the second three-way valve closes the horizontal inlet and communicates the vertical inlet and the vertical outlet, and the dustfall detection device only collects gas from the purging unit; starting a purging unit, purging for at least 4min by using hot air, then closing the two-way valve, simultaneously closing the vertical inlet by using the second three-way valve, and communicating the horizontal inlet with the vertical outlet; moving the funnel-type cylinder bottom downwards through the funnel lifting unit, separating the funnel-type cylinder bottom from the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder, blowing out fallen leaves in the cylinder body, and purging for at least 1 min; and the funnel-type cylinder bottom is moved upwards by the funnel lifting unit, so that the funnel-type cylinder bottom is sealed with the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder.
The invention relates to an environment air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system and a control method thereof, which are different from the prior art in that the environment air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system can realize the separation and collection of dry dust fall and wet dust fall of 7 x 24h through sampling equipment, and the sampling equipment has a simple structure.
The monitoring system collects dry and wet precipitation dust through a wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder in the precipitation dust collecting device. Be provided with dust fall transfer device in dust fall collection device below, dust fall transfer device can separate two kinds of dust fall according to the difference of doing wet dust fall, wherein does the dust fall and directly gets into dust fall detection device, and wet dust fall gets into another wet dust fall section of thick bamboo and stores. The system of the invention does not need to be provided with two groups of open dust collecting cylinders for respectively collecting the dry and wet dust fall, and then uses two groups of pipelines for processing the dry and wet dust fall, thus having simpler structure. And dust fall collection device sets up at the eminence usually, reduces a set of dust collection jar and pipeline and can reduce the installation degree of difficulty, has also alleviateed the degree of difficulty and the cost of maintaining.
The monitoring system is also provided with a fallen leaf cleaning device, so that dry and wet dust fall transfer can be more thorough through purging and flushing in the dust fall transfer process, and the retention of the dry and wet dust fall in the dust fall collecting device is avoided, so that the measuring and monitoring precision is improved; the blowing nozzle cleans the fallen leaves in the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder timely and effectively, and the influence of the blowing nozzle on monitoring data can be effectively avoided. In the process of sweeping fallen leaves, the funnel lifting unit drives the funnel type cylinder bottom to move up and down, so that an opening is formed between the cylinder body and the funnel type cylinder bottom, and the fallen leaves in the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder can be cleaned conveniently.
The monitoring system is provided with the filter membrane in the dust fall detection device, the filter membrane is used for collecting dust fall samples or monitoring dry dust fall amount on line according to hours, data are stored in the storage card, or the dry dust fall amount data are uploaded to the server platform in real time through the networking device, and the user terminal can retrieve and download the data from the server platform.
The invention fully integrates the automation control technology, the wireless communication technology and the database management, and realizes all-weather dry and wet dust fall separation sampling and dry dust fall on-line monitoring.
The invention further discloses an ambient air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system and a control method thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an ambient air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system according to the present invention;
the notation in the figures means: 1-a dust fall detection device; 2-a first air filter; 3-a first three-way valve; 4-a two-way valve; 5-a funnel lifting unit; 6-funnel type cylinder bottom; 7-a conical filter screen; 8-wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder; 9-sealing cover; 10-rotating the support; 11-a lifting support; 12-a second three-way valve; 13-a second air filter; 14-a hot air pump; 15-a water filter; 16-a wet dust-falling cylinder; 17-water pump.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the continuous and automatic monitoring system for dust fall in ambient air of the present invention includes a dust fall collecting device, a dust fall transferring device, a fallen leaf cleaning device, a dust fall detecting device 1 and a data collecting and transmitting device. Wherein dust fall collection device and dust fall transfer device are used for the collection and the transfer of dust fall respectively, and fallen leaves cleaning device is arranged in the fallen leaves of collecting the money in the cleaning system, and dust fall detection device 1 is used for carrying out analysis and detection to the dust fall of collecting, and data acquisition and transmission device are used for gathering and transmitting the data that dust fall detection device 1 detected.
The dust fall collection device comprises a wide-mouth dust collection cylinder 8 and a rain and snow sensor, wherein the rain and snow sensor can be arranged at a certain position above the system and used for sensing rain and snow signals, and the rain and snow signals are not shown on the attached drawing. The upper end and the lower end of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8 are opened, the dustfall enters from the upper part of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8, and the dustfall transferring device is connected below the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8. In this embodiment, the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8 includes a cylinder body and a funnel-type cylinder bottom 6, and the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 can slide up and down along the inner wall of the cylinder body. The cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8 is kept still, and when the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 moves downwards, the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 can be separated from the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8, so that the purging work is convenient. The rain and snow sensor is used for sensing the state of dust fall, and when the rain and snow sensor senses that rain and snow exist in the air, dry dust fall collection is carried out; and when rain and snow are sensed in the air, wet dust fall collection is carried out.
The fallen leaf cleaning device comprises a funnel lifting unit 6 and a conical filter screen 7. The funnel lifting unit 6 is connected with the funnel type cylinder bottom 6, and the funnel lifting unit 6 can drive the funnel type cylinder bottom 6 to reciprocate in the vertical direction. The conical filter screen 7 is installed inside the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8 and covers the hopper type cylinder bottom 6, so that fallen leaves are prevented from entering the dust fall detection device 1 through the hopper type cylinder bottom 6, and detection results are influenced. The conical screen 7 can move together with the funnel-shaped cylinder bottom 6.
The dust fall transfer device comprises a purging unit, a two-way valve 4, a first three-way valve 3, a second three-way valve 12, a wet dust fall cylinder 16 and a first air filter 2. The two-way valve 4, the first three-way valve 3 and the second three-way valve 12 are sequentially connected in the vertical direction, so that the two-way valve 4, the first three-way valve 3, the second three-way valve 12 and connecting pipelines thereof are in a vertical state, and the dust falling transfer is facilitated.
The purging unit comprises a lifting bracket 11, a tripod head, a rotating bracket 10, a sealing cover 9 and a nozzle. The nozzle is installed at the center of the sealing cover 9, the nozzle simultaneously has the functions of blowing and flushing, the inside of the nozzle is respectively connected with a path for blowing and flushing, and the functions of blowing and flushing are realized through the switching of an internal valve. The nozzles can also adopt independent blowing nozzles and flushing nozzles, and a plurality of nozzles are uniformly distributed on the sealing cover at intervals, for example, three blowing nozzles and three flushing nozzles are distributed at intervals, so that the interior of the dust collecting cylinder can be fully flushed. The nozzle is mounted on a sealing cap 9. The nozzle for purging is connected with a hot air pump 14 through a gas path and a second air filter 13, and the nozzle for flushing is connected with a wet settling cylinder 16 through a water path, a water pump 17 and a water filter 15. The sealing cover 9 is fixedly connected with the rotating support 10, and the rotating support 10 is fixedly connected with the lifting support 11. The lifting support 11 is mounted on the head. The lifting bracket 11 can realize the movement of the sealing cover 9 and the rotating bracket 10 in the vertical direction, and the rotating bracket 10 can realize the rotation of the sealing cover 9 in the horizontal plane. The sealing cover 9 is always higher than the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8 in the moving process. The outer diameter of the sealing cover 9 is slightly larger than the opening diameter of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8, and the bottom surface of the sealing cover 9 is provided with a sealing ring. When the sealing cover 9 is covered on the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8, the sealing ring can play a role of sealing the gap at the joint of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8 and the sealing cover 9. When the system carries out the dust collection process, the sealing cover 9 is far away from the position right above the wide-mouth dust collection cylinder 8; the sealing cover 9 seals the top of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8 when the system is subjected to a purging or flushing process. The wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8 is cylindrical as a whole, the diameter of the opening of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8 is at least 150mm, the inner diameter of the cylinder body is slightly larger than the diameter of the opening of the cylinder body, and the height of the cylinder body is at least 2 times of the diameter of the opening of the cylinder body. The wide-mouth dust collecting tank is equipped with a bird repeller and a bug repeller.
The two-way valve 4 is arranged below the dust fall collecting device, the two-way valve 4 is installed in a matched mode with an outlet of the funnel type cylinder bottom 6, and the lower end of the two-way valve 4 is connected with a vertical inlet of the first three-way valve 3. In this embodiment, the two-way valve 4 is a ball valve switch. When the dustfall collection process is carried out, the valve is closed; when the dust fall transferring process is carried out, the valve is opened. The horizontal outlet of the first three-way valve 3 is connected with the wet dust falling cylinder 16 through a pipeline, the joint of the pipeline and the wet dust falling cylinder 16 is not sealed, and the vertical outlet of the first three-way valve 3 is connected with the vertical inlet of the second three-way valve 12. The horizontal inlet of the second three-way valve 12 is connected with the first air filter 2, the first air filter 2 is provided with an air inlet, the air inlet is communicated with an external air source, and the vertical outlet of the second three-way valve 12 is connected with the dust fall detection device 1.
The dust fall detection device 1 comprises a filter membrane, the filter membrane is used for receiving dust fall, the dust fall detection device 1 is one of a particulate matter single-membrane sampler or a particulate matter automatic membrane changing sampler, and single-membrane sampling and automatic membrane changing sampling of a dust fall sample are respectively realized. The flow rate of the gas filtered by the first air filter 2 should match the flow rate of the dustfall detection device 1.
Example 2
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: dust fall detection device 1 adopts the online monitor of particulate matter, adopts particulate matter online monitor's dust fall detection device 1, converts the dry dust fall quality that particulate matter online monitor obtained into the dust fall volume and stores in the data storage card, and the server platform is uploaded in real time to data accessible networking device, and user terminal can follow server platform retrieval and download relevant data, realizes on-line monitoring.
When the continuous and automatic monitoring system for the dust fall of the ambient air works, dry dust fall quality data measured by a dust fall detection device are collected in real time through a data collection and transmission device, dry dust fall amount is calculated and stored, the dry dust fall amount data are transmitted to an upper computer through a transmission network, a user can retrieve and download the dry dust fall amount data from the upper computer, 1h is taken as unit measurement time, at least 45min is dust fall collection time, at most 15min is dust fall transfer time, and a two-way valve is closed within the dust fall collection time;
in the dust fall transfer time, the two-way valve 4 is opened:
if the rain and snow sensor senses rain or snow in the dust fall collection time, the first three-way valve 3 closes the vertical outlet and communicates the vertical inlet and the horizontal outlet, and the first three-way valve 3 is connected with the wet dust falling cylinder 16; starting a purging unit, firstly washing with distilled water or water with the same purity for at least 1min, then purging with hot air for at least 3min, then closing the two-way valve 4, simultaneously moving the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 downwards through the funnel lifting unit, separating the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 from the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8, blowing fallen leaves in the cylinder body out, and purging for at least 1 min; then the funnel type cylinder bottom 6 is moved upwards by the funnel lifting unit, so that the funnel type cylinder bottom 6 and the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8 are sealed; the second three-way valve 12 closes the vertical inlet and communicates the horizontal inlet with the vertical outlet within a unit measuring time;
if the rain and snow sensor does not sense rainfall or snowfall within the dustfall collection time, the first three-way valve 3 closes the horizontal outlet and communicates the vertical inlet and the vertical outlet, the second three-way valve 12 closes the horizontal inlet and communicates the vertical inlet and the vertical outlet, and the dustfall detection device only collects gas from the purging unit; starting a purging unit, purging for at least 4min by using hot air, then closing the two-way valve 4, simultaneously closing the vertical inlet by using the second three-way valve 12, and communicating the horizontal inlet with the vertical outlet; the funnel type cylinder bottom 6 is moved downwards through the funnel lifting unit, the funnel type cylinder bottom 6 is separated from the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8, fallen leaves in the cylinder body are blown out, and purging is carried out for at least 1 min; and the funnel type cylinder bottom 6 is moved upwards by the funnel lifting unit, so that the funnel type cylinder bottom 6 is sealed with the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8.
For example, within a unit measurement time, the first 55min is the dustfall collection time, and the second 5min is the dustfall transfer time. At any time in the dust fall collection time, the rain and snow sensor senses rain or snow fall, when the 55 th min enters the dust fall transfer time, the two-way valve 4 is opened, the first three-way valve 3 is connected with the wet dust falling cylinder 16, and the rain or the melted snow fall is directly collected into the wet dust falling cylinder 16; simultaneously starting a washing nozzle to wash distilled water or water with the same purity for 1 min; starting a purging nozzle for purging for 3min at the 56 th min in unit measurement time; at 59min in unit measurement time, closing the two-way valve 4, moving the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 downwards through the funnel lifting unit, separating the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 from the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8, blowing fallen leaves out of the cylinder body, and purging for 1 min; the funnel type cylinder bottom 6 is moved upwards by the funnel lifting unit, so that the funnel type cylinder bottom 6 is sealed with the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8; the second three-way valve 12 closes the vertical inlet and communicates the horizontal inlet and the vertical outlet within a unit measurement time;
if the rain and snow sensor does not sense rainfall or snowfall all the time in the dustfall collection time, when the 55 th min enters the dustfall transfer time, the two-way valve 4 is opened, the first three-way valve 3 closes the horizontal outlet and communicates the vertical inlet and the vertical outlet, the second three-way valve 12 closes the horizontal inlet and communicates the vertical inlet and the vertical outlet, and the dustfall detection device 1 only collects gas from the purging unit; then, starting a blowing nozzle, blowing by hot air for 4min, then closing the two-way valve 4, simultaneously closing the vertical inlet by the second three-way valve 12, and communicating the horizontal inlet with the vertical outlet; at 59min in unit measurement time, the funnel type cylinder bottom 6 is moved downwards through the funnel lifting unit, the funnel type cylinder bottom 6 is separated from the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8, fallen leaves in the cylinder body are blown out, and purging is carried out for 1 min; and the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 is moved upwards by the funnel lifting unit, so that the funnel-type cylinder bottom 6 and the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder 8 are sealed.
The continuous automatic monitoring system for the environmental air dust fall can realize the separation and collection of dry and wet dust fall of 7 x 24h through the sampling equipment, and the sampling equipment has a simple structure.
The monitoring system collects dry and wet precipitation dust through a wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder in the precipitation dust collecting device. Be provided with dust fall transfer device in dust fall collection device below, dust fall transfer device can separate two kinds of dust fall according to the difference of doing wet dust fall, wherein does the dust fall and directly gets into dust fall detection device, and wet dust fall gets into wet dust fall section of thick bamboo and stores. The system does not need to be provided with two groups of open dust collecting cylinders for respectively collecting the dry and wet dustfall, and then uses two groups of pipelines for processing the dry and wet dustfall, so that the structure is simpler. And dust fall collection device sets up at the eminence usually, reduces a set of collection dirt jar and pipeline and can reduce the installation degree of difficulty, has also alleviateed the degree of difficulty and the cost of maintaining.
The monitoring system is also provided with a fallen leaf cleaning device, so that dry and wet dust fall transfer can be more thorough through purging and flushing in the dust fall transfer process, and the retention of the dry and wet dust fall in the dust fall collecting device is avoided, so that the measuring and monitoring precision is improved; the blowing nozzle cleans the fallen leaves in the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder timely and effectively, and the influence of the blowing nozzle on monitoring data can be effectively avoided. In the process of sweeping fallen leaves, the funnel lifting unit drives the funnel type cylinder bottom to move up and down, so that an opening is formed between the cylinder body and the funnel type cylinder bottom, and the fallen leaves in the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder can be cleaned conveniently.
The monitoring system is provided with the filter membrane in the dust fall detection device, the filter membrane is used for collecting dust fall samples or monitoring dry dust fall amount on line according to hours, data are stored in the storage card, or the dry dust fall amount data are uploaded to the server platform in real time through the networking device, and the user terminal can retrieve and download the data from the server platform.
The invention fully integrates the automation control technology, the wireless communication technology and the database management, and realizes all-weather dry and wet dust fall separation sampling and dry dust fall on-line monitoring.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an environmental air dust fall automatic monitoring system in succession which characterized in that: comprises a dust fall collecting device, a dust fall transferring device, a fallen leaf cleaning device, a dust fall detecting device and a data collecting and transmitting device,
the dust fall collecting device comprises a wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder and a rain and snow sensor, the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder comprises a cylinder body and a funnel-type cylinder bottom, and an outlet of the funnel-type cylinder bottom is communicated with a two-way valve in the dust fall transferring device;
the dust fall transfer device further comprises a purging unit, a first three-way valve, a second three-way valve and a wet dust fall barrel, wherein the purging unit is used for purging the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder, the two-way valve, the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve are sequentially connected in the vertical direction, a horizontal outlet of the first three-way valve is connected with the wet dust fall barrel, and an outlet of the second three-way valve is connected with a dust fall detection device;
the fallen leaf cleaning device comprises a funnel lifting unit, and the funnel lifting unit is used for lifting the funnel type cylinder bottom of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder;
the dust fall detection device comprises a filter membrane, and the filter membrane is used for receiving dust fall;
and the data acquisition and transmission device is used for acquiring and transmitting the data measured by the dust fall detection device.
2. The ambient air dustfall continuous automatic monitoring system of claim 1, characterized in that: the fallen leaf cleaning device further comprises a conical filter screen, the conical filter screen is installed inside the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder and covers the upper portion of the funnel-type cylinder bottom, and the conical filter screen can move along with the funnel-type cylinder bottom.
3. The ambient air dustfall continuous automatic monitoring system of claim 1, characterized in that: the dust fall transfer device further comprises a first air filter, the first air filter is provided with an air inlet, and the first air filter is connected with a horizontal inlet of the second three-way valve through a pipeline.
4. The ambient air dustfall continuous automatic monitoring system of claim 1, characterized in that: the purging unit comprises a lifting support, a holder, a rotating support, a sealing cover and a nozzle, the nozzle is installed on the sealing cover, the sealing cover is fixedly connected with the rotating support, and the rotating support is fixedly connected with the lifting support.
5. The ambient air dustfall continuous automatic monitoring system of claim 4, characterized in that: the nozzle has the functions of blowing and flushing and is arranged in the center of the sealing cover; or the independent purge nozzle and the independent flushing nozzle are provided, and a plurality of nozzles are uniformly distributed on the sealing cover at intervals.
6. The ambient air dustfall continuous automatic monitoring system of claim 5, characterized in that: the nozzle for purging is connected with the hot air pump through the air path and the second air filter, and the nozzle for flushing is connected with the wet dust-settling barrel through the water path, the water pump and the water filter.
7. The ambient air dustfall continuous automatic monitoring system of claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: the external diameter of sealed lid slightly is greater than the opening diameter of wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder, and the bottom surface of sealed lid is provided with the sealing washer, and the sealing washer is used for sealing the clearance of dust collecting cylinder and sealed lid junction.
8. The ambient air dustfall continuous automatic monitoring system of claim 7, characterized in that: the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder is cylindrical, the diameter of a cylinder body opening of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder is at least 150mm, the inner diameter of the cylinder body is slightly larger than the diameter of the cylinder body opening, the height of the cylinder body is at least 2 times of the diameter of the cylinder body opening, and the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder is provided with a bird repeller and a pest repeller.
9. The ambient air dustfall continuous automatic monitoring system of claim 1, characterized in that: the dust fall detection device is one of a particulate matter single-film sampler, a particulate matter automatic film-changing sampler or a particulate matter on-line monitor.
10. A control method of an ambient air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system, which controls the ambient air dust fall continuous automatic monitoring system in claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the steps that dry dust fall quality data measured by a dust fall detection device are collected in real time through a data collection and transmission device, dry dust fall amount is calculated and stored, the dry dust fall amount data are transmitted to an upper computer through a transmission network, a user can retrieve and download the dry dust fall amount data from the upper computer, 1h is taken as unit measurement time, at least 45min is dust fall collection time, at most 15min is dust fall transfer time, and a two-way valve is closed within the dust fall collection time;
in the dust fall transfer time, the two-way valve is opened:
if the rain and snow sensor senses rain or snow in the dust fall collection time, the first three-way valve closes the vertical outlet and communicates the vertical inlet and the horizontal outlet, and the first three-way valve is connected with the wet dust fall barrel; starting a purging unit, firstly washing with distilled water or water with the same purity for at least 1min, then purging with hot air for at least 3min, then closing the two-way valve, simultaneously downwards moving the funnel-type cylinder bottom through the funnel lifting unit, separating the funnel-type cylinder bottom from the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder, blowing fallen leaves in the cylinder body, and purging for at least 1 min; the funnel type cylinder bottom is moved upwards through the funnel lifting unit, so that the funnel type cylinder bottom is sealed with the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder; the second three-way valve closes the vertical inlet and communicates the horizontal inlet and the vertical outlet within unit measuring time;
if the rain and snow sensor does not sense rainfall or snowfall within the dustfall collection time, the first three-way valve closes the horizontal outlet and communicates the vertical inlet and the vertical outlet, the second three-way valve closes the horizontal inlet and communicates the vertical inlet and the vertical outlet, and the dustfall detection device only collects gas from the purging unit; starting a purging unit, purging for at least 4min by using hot air, then closing the two-way valve, simultaneously closing the vertical inlet by using the second three-way valve, and communicating the horizontal inlet with the vertical outlet; moving the funnel-type cylinder bottom downwards through the funnel lifting unit, separating the funnel-type cylinder bottom from the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder, blowing falling leaves in the cylinder body, and purging for at least 1 min; and the funnel-type cylinder bottom is moved upwards by the funnel lifting unit, so that the funnel-type cylinder bottom is sealed with the cylinder body of the wide-mouth dust collecting cylinder.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113252501A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-08-13 | 青岛明华电子仪器有限公司 | Automatic monitoring air dust fall's device |
| CN113252503A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-13 | 青岛明华电子仪器有限公司 | Automatic rain-shielding dust fall detection device |
| CN113252502A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-13 | 青岛明华电子仪器有限公司 | Air dust fall monitoring devices |
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2020
- 2020-05-22 CN CN202010440955.4A patent/CN111678743A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113252501A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-08-13 | 青岛明华电子仪器有限公司 | Automatic monitoring air dust fall's device |
| CN113252503A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-13 | 青岛明华电子仪器有限公司 | Automatic rain-shielding dust fall detection device |
| CN113252502A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-08-13 | 青岛明华电子仪器有限公司 | Air dust fall monitoring devices |
| CN113252502B (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2022-11-04 | 青岛明华电子仪器有限公司 | Air dust fall monitoring devices |
| CN113252503B (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2022-11-04 | 青岛明华电子仪器有限公司 | Automatic rain-shielding dust fall detection device |
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