CN111678112A - Multifunctional cooperative town energy supply system and control and regulation method thereof - Google Patents

Multifunctional cooperative town energy supply system and control and regulation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111678112A
CN111678112A CN202010543800.3A CN202010543800A CN111678112A CN 111678112 A CN111678112 A CN 111678112A CN 202010543800 A CN202010543800 A CN 202010543800A CN 111678112 A CN111678112 A CN 111678112A
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China
Prior art keywords
heat
pipeline
enters
energy
steam
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CN202010543800.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张俊发
郑忠海
张雯
张定旺
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Cloud Energy Conservation Co ltd
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Cloud Energy Conservation Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010543800.3A priority Critical patent/CN111678112A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
    • F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
    • F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
    • F03G7/04—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for using pressure differences or thermal differences occurring in nature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
    • F24D11/0221—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system combined with solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D11/00—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses
    • F24D11/02—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps
    • F24D11/0214—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system
    • F24D11/0235—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system with recuperation of waste energy
    • F24D11/025—Central heating systems using heat accumulated in storage masses using heat pumps water heating system with recuperation of waste energy contained in waste water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/40—Geothermal heat-pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/20—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications using renewable energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-energy cooperative town energy supply system and a control and regulation method thereof. The system mainly comprises three units, namely a centralized energy island, a transmission and distribution network and a distributed multi-energy complementary end user. The system realizes the cooperative and comprehensive utilization of green energy sources of biomass energy, garbage energy, solar energy, industrial waste heat, geothermal energy, air source and various low-grade heat of water source, improves the energy efficiency of each energy consumption link in the whole system, and meets the requirements of users on industrial steam, electric power, heating, domestic hot water and the like. The system stores solar energy, flue gas waste heat, exhaust steam waste heat and industrial waste heat in a cross-season manner, adopts low-temperature heat supply, and simultaneously utilizes the heat inertia adjusting characteristics of a heat supply network and a building, so that the problems of poor thermoelectric adjusting performance and unstable dynamic supply and demand of the system are solved.

Description

Multifunctional cooperative town energy supply system and control and regulation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of energy environmental protection, and particularly relates to an energy supply system and a control and regulation method thereof.
Background
The production and consumption of the power plant are synchronously completed, and in non-heating seasons, energy sources such as waste steam, flue gas waste heat and the like of the power plant are mostly released and dissipated into the atmosphere due to lack of means for storing and utilizing the energy sources, so that the energy sources of the power plant are wasted, and therefore, the energy sources of the power plant have great energy-saving potential from the viewpoint of optimization. Meanwhile, the domestic hot water, central heating, electrical equipment and the like of residents often need to consume additional energy. For example, residential district boiler houses or municipal heat networks often supply central heating, and the boiler houses or municipal heat networks need to be fired with coal, gas, etc. to produce heat. The domestic hot water of residents often needs to use high-energy-consumption equipment such as electric heating and the like.
The system for supplying heat to residents by utilizing waste heat of a power plant in the prior art often has the problems of poor thermoelectric regulation performance of the system, unmatched dynamic supply and demand and the like.
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved is to provide an integrated system for comprehensively utilizing the waste heat of the power plant and other energy sources in various forms to meet the demands of residents and industrial users on industrial steam, electric power, heating, domestic hot water and the like, so as to solve the problems of poor thermoelectric regulation performance and unmatched dynamic supply and demand of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the shortcomings and drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-energy complementary cooperative energy supply system for supplying one or more of steam, electricity and hot water to the outside, the system comprising: the system comprises an energy island, a transmission and distribution pipeline, a tail end and a user unit;
the energy island comprises a boiler, a steam turbine, a generator, an economizer, an air preheater, a dust remover, a spray tower, a cascade energy tower, a heat regenerator, a condenser, an industrial waste heat pump, a solar thermal collector, a chimney and a heat reservoir;
the end and subscriber units include: one or more of steam users, electricity users, heating users and domestic hot water users;
one or more of steam, electricity, hot water provided by the energy island is provided to the terminal and subscriber units via distribution lines.
Furthermore, steam generated by the boiler enters a steam turbine through a pipeline to do work to push electric energy generated by a generator to supply power to a self-use energy island and an industrial waste heat exchange heat pump for use, and is transmitted to the tail end and electric users and other electric equipment in a user unit through a power grid;
the industrial extraction steam of the steam turbine provides steam to the steam user through a pipeline;
the exhaust steam of the steam turbine enters the condenser through a pipeline, condensed condensate water enters the heat regenerator through a pipeline, extracted steam of the steam turbine enters the heat regenerator through a pipeline and heats the condensate water, and the heated condensate water enters the boiler;
the flue gas of the boiler sequentially enters the material economizer, the air preheater, the dust remover, the spray tower and the chimney through pipelines;
spraying flue gas in a spray tower by using spray liquid, carrying out total heat recovery on the flue gas, and then enabling the spray liquid to enter a cascade energy tower and exchange heat with a circulating medium;
the first heat exchange medium flows out of a cold end outlet of the heat reservoir and then is divided into three paths, wherein one path enters the step energy tower through a pipeline, exchanges heat with the spray liquid and is conveyed to the solar heat collector through the pipeline; the other path enters a condenser through a pipeline, and enters a solar heat collector through a pipeline after the heat of the dead steam is recovered; the first heat exchange medium flowing out of the solar heat collector enters the heat reservoir through a pipeline; the third path enters an industrial waste heat exchange heat pump through a pipeline, is heated and then enters a heat reservoir through a pipeline;
the heat reservoir provides a second heat exchange medium to the end and to the user units via a delivery line.
Furthermore, the terminal and user unit also comprises a plate heat exchanger, a middle-deep geothermal heat pump, a plate heat exchanger, a heating water source heat pump, a plate heat exchanger, a domestic hot water source heat pump and a hot water tank;
the second heat exchange medium of the heat reservoir is divided into two paths after flowing out through the main water supply pipe, wherein one path enters the plate heat exchanger through a pipeline, enters the evaporator side of the intermediate-deep geothermal heat pump after heat exchange, then flows out through the pipeline and flows into the geothermal well; the other path of the heat exchange tube enters the plate heat exchanger through a pipeline, exchanges heat and then flows out through the pipeline, and then is divided into three branches:
the first branch enters the evaporator side of the heating water source heat pump through a pipeline, flows out through the pipeline and then returns to the heat reservoir through the pipeline;
the branch passage enters the plate heat exchanger through a pipeline and exchanges heat, and then flows out through the pipeline and returns to the heat reservoir through the pipeline;
the branch three-way pipeline enters the evaporator side of the domestic hot water source heat pump through a pipeline, flows out through the pipeline and then returns to the heat reservoir through the pipeline;
a third circulating medium flows out of the heating user, enters the condenser side of the intermediate-deep geothermal heat pump through a pipeline, then enters the plate heat exchanger for heat exchange, and then enters the heating user through a pipeline;
a third circulating medium flows out of the heating users, enters the condenser side of the heating water source heat pump through a pipeline, then enters the plate heat exchanger for heat exchange, and then enters the heating users through a pipeline;
tap water enters the plate heat exchanger from a pipeline, enters the condenser side of the domestic hot water source heat pump after heat exchange, enters the hot water tank through the pipeline and then enters the domestic hot water user.
Further, the boiler comprises a biomass boiler and a garbage boiler, and steam generated by the biomass boiler and the garbage boiler enters the steam turbine after being combined; the condensed water heated by the heat regenerator is divided into two paths and respectively enters the biomass boiler and the garbage boiler.
Furthermore, the spray tower is divided into two parts, the lower part is a desulfurizing tower for flue gas desulfurization and sensible heat recovery, and the upper part is a white eliminator for flue gas total heat recovery and white elimination; the spray tower is used for two-stage or multi-stage spraying.
Furthermore, the cascade energy tower is in two-stage or multi-stage circulation, and the multi-stage circulation is connected in series; the number of stages of the cascade energy tower is matched with the number of stages of the spray tower.
Further, the heat reservoir is a hot water tank, the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium are water, and the heat reservoir plays roles in water replenishing, constant pressure and pressure insulation of a system, wherein the water temperature of the hot end of the heat reservoir is 80-90 ℃, and the water temperature of the cold end of the heat reservoir is 15-20 ℃, so that large-temperature-difference gradient heat storage is realized.
Further, the heat reservoir is a solid heat reservoir, the first heat exchange medium is used for storing heat to the heat reservoir, and the second heat exchange medium is used for taking heat from the heat reservoir.
Furthermore, the system for supplying heat to the tail end and the user unit by the energy island is a low-temperature heat supply system, the water supply temperature is lower than 90 ℃, the water return temperature is lower than 20 ℃, the water supply temperature of the tail end and the user unit is lower than 50 ℃, and the difference between the heat exchange ends of the tail end and the user unit is lower than 3 DEG C
The invention also provides a method for controlling and regulating a system according to any one of the above inventions, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
s1: electric power cooperation substep: when the power requirements of the tail end and the user unit are reduced, the power consumption of the industrial waste heat exchange heat pump in the energy island is increased; when the power requirements of the tail end and the user unit are increased, the power consumption of the industrial waste heat exchange heat pump in the energy island is reduced; the electronic synergetic substep realizes continuous regulation of output power under the condition that the main steam quantity of the boiler is not changed;
s2: the peak-valley regulation substep of the terminal geothermal water source heat pump thermoelectricity: controlling each geothermal heat pump and water source heat pump of the tail end and the user unit to consume more electric power in the valley period and supplement and regulate the peak for the heat supply quantity of the tail end;
s3: steam supply adjustment substep: when the steam demand of the tail end and the user unit is reduced, the steam extraction amount of the steam turbine is reduced, the steam exhaust amount of the steam turbine is increased, and the dead steam enters the condenser, so that more heat is recovered to the circulating medium and is stored in the heat reservoir; increasing the extraction from the turbine as the steam demand of the end and customer units increases, so that the steam extraction of the turbine decreases;
s4: a thermal synergy substep: adjusting the heat storage quantity and the heat supply quantity of a heat reservoir of the energy island, performing low-temperature solar quality adjustment on a heat supply network by utilizing the heat inertia of a transmission and distribution heat supply network and a user building, properly adjusting the solar quantity without influencing pipeline stress and expansion and contraction of a compensator, solving the problem of unstable dynamic supply and demand load, adjusting the contradiction between the heat supply quantity and the power generation quantity, and realizing thermoelectric cooperation;
s5: a solar energy and industrial waste heat fluctuation regulator sub-step: the solar heat collector and the industrial waste heat are used as energy supplement of the heat reservoir, and photo-thermal complementation of solar energy and heat energy is realized;
s6: the biomass and garbage fuel fluctuation adjustment substep comprises: the supply amount of the biomass fuel and the garbage combustion is adjusted to effectively supplement the biomass fuel and the garbage, so that the flexible adjustment of the biomass fuel and the garbage under the condition that the total amount of main steam of the two boilers is not changed is realized.
Further, the method comprises the following steps:
and S7, arranging one or more of a temperature sensor, a flow rate sensor and a pressure sensor at key positions of the system, collecting parameters of the sensors and adjusting the operation of the system under all working conditions all year round by using the parameters.
The invention can realize beneficial technical effects of power cooperative supply, heating power cooperative supply, steam supply fluctuation regulation, solar energy, industrial waste heat fluctuation regulation, biomass and waste fuel fluctuation regulation, tail end geothermal energy, water source heat pump thermoelectric peak-valley regulation and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below.
Fig. 1 is a first embodiment of a multi-energy cooperative town energy supply system provided by the present invention;
1-1-energy island; 1-2-a distribution pipeline; 1-3-terminal and subscriber units; 101-a biomass boiler; 102-a waste boiler; 103-a steam turbine; 104-material saving device; 105-an air preheater; 106-a dust remover; 107-spray tower; 108-a cascade energy tower; 109-a heat regenerator; 110-a condenser; 111-industrial waste heat exchange heat pump; 112-a solar collector; 113-a chimney; 114-a heat reservoir; 115-a generator; 201 geothermal wells; 301-plate heat exchanger; 302-intermediate deep geothermal heat pump; 303-plate heat exchanger; 304-heating water source heat pump; 305-a plate heat exchanger; 306-domestic hot water source heat pump; 307-hot water tank; 401-steam user; 402-an electrical user; 403-heating users; 404 heating users; 405-domestic hot water users; L1-L40-pipe.
Detailed Description
Example one
In connection with fig. 1. The embodiment discloses a multi-energy coordinated town energy supply system, which is used for providing one or more of steam, electric power and hot water to the outside, and comprises: the system comprises an energy island 1-1, a transmission and distribution pipeline 1-2, a tail end and a user unit 1-3;
the energy island comprises a boiler, a steam turbine 103, a generator 115, an economizer 104, an air preheater 105, a dust remover 106, a spray tower 107, a cascade energy tower 108, a heat regenerator 109, a condenser 110, an industrial waste heat pump 111, a solar heat collector 112, a chimney 113 and a heat reservoir 114;
the end and subscriber units include: one or more of a steam user 401, an electric user 402, a heating user 403, and a domestic hot water user 405;
one or more of steam, electricity, hot water provided by the energy island is provided to the terminal and subscriber units via distribution lines.
Specifically, the steam generated by the boiler enters the steam turbine 103 through a pipeline to work to drive the electric energy generated by the generator 115 to be used by the self-service and industrial waste heat exchange heat pump 111, and is transmitted to the electric users 402 and other electric equipment in the tail end and the user unit through the power grid.
The industrial extraction steam of the steam turbine 103 is supplied via a line L3 to the steam consumer 401.
The exhaust steam of the steam turbine 103 enters the condenser 110 through a pipeline L4, condensed condensate water enters the heat regenerator 109 through a pipeline L16, extracted steam from the steam turbine 103 enters the heat regenerator 109 through a pipeline L5 and heats the condensate water, and the heated condensate water enters the boiler.
The flue gas of the boiler sequentially enters the economizer 104, the air preheater 105, the dust remover 106, the spray tower 107 and the chimney 113 through pipelines.
The spray liquid sprays the flue gas in the spray tower 107, the flue gas is subjected to total heat recovery, and then the spray liquid enters the cascade energy tower 108 and exchanges heat with the circulating medium.
The first heat exchange medium flows out of the cold-end outlet of the heat reservoir 114 and then is divided into three paths, wherein one path enters the cascade energy tower 108 through a pipeline L14, exchanges heat with the spray liquid, and is conveyed to the solar heat collector 112 through a pipeline L15; the other path of the waste steam enters the condenser 110 through a pipeline L17, and enters the solar heat collector 112 through a pipeline L18 after the waste steam heat is recovered; the first heat exchange medium flowing out of the solar collector 112 enters the heat reservoir 114 through a pipeline L19; the third path enters the industrial waste heat exchange heat pump 111 through a pipeline L17b, is heated and then enters the heat reservoir 114 through a pipeline L20.
The heat reservoir 114 provides a second heat exchange medium to the end and user units via a delivery line. Specifically, the first heat exchange medium is water. The heat reservoir 114 may be a hot water tank, in which the first heat exchange medium is stored, in this case, the second heat exchange medium is also water, or the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium are the same medium, and have the functions of pressure stabilization and pressure isolation for the system.
The water temperature of the hot end of the heat reservoir 114 is 80-90 ℃, the water temperature of the cold end is 15-20 ℃ to realize large temperature difference gradient heat storage, and the heat storage capacity is used for meeting the requirement of seasonal heat storage and can be used as a water replenishing tank of a system.
In another embodiment, the heat reservoir 114 may be a solid heat reservoir, and the first heat exchange medium stores heat in the heat storage solid material in the heat reservoir 114 by heat exchange, and the second heat exchange medium exchanges heat stored in the solid material and provides the heat to the end user.
In this embodiment, the end and subscriber unit further includes a plate heat exchanger 301, a mid-deep geothermal heat pump 302, a plate heat exchanger 303, a heating water source heat pump 304, a plate heat exchanger 305, a domestic hot water source heat pump 306, and a hot water tank 307.
The second heat exchange medium of the heat reservoir 114 flows out through a main water supply pipe L21 and then is divided into two paths, wherein one path enters the plate heat exchanger 301 through a pipeline L23, exchanges heat and then enters the evaporator side of the intermediate-deep geothermal heat pump 302, and then flows out through a pipeline L24 and flows into the geothermal well 201; the other path enters the plate heat exchanger 303 through a pipeline L25, exchanges heat, flows out through a pipeline L26, and then is divided into three branches:
the first branch enters the evaporator side of the heating water source heat pump 304 through a pipeline L27, flows out through a pipeline L28 and returns to the heat reservoir 114 through a pipeline L22;
the branch two enters the plate heat exchanger 305 through a pipeline L29 for heat exchange, and then flows out through a pipeline L30 and returns to the heat reservoir 114 through a pipeline L22;
the branch three enters the evaporator side of the domestic hot water source heat pump 306 through a pipeline L31, flows out through a pipeline L32 and returns to the heat reservoir 114 through a pipeline L22.
The third circulating medium flows out from the heating user 403, enters the condenser side of the intermediate geothermal heat pump 302 through a line L38, then enters the plate heat exchanger 301 for heat exchange, and then enters the heating user 403 through a line L37. The third heat exchange medium may be water.
The third circulating medium flows out from the heating user 404, enters the condenser side of the heating water source heat pump 304 through a line L40, then enters the plate heat exchanger 303 to exchange heat, and then enters the heating user 404 through a line L39.
Tap water enters the plate heat exchanger 305 from a pipeline L33, enters the condenser side of the domestic hot water source heat pump 306 after heat exchange, enters the hot water tank 307 through a pipeline L35, and then enters the domestic hot water user 405.
Specifically, the boiler comprises a biomass boiler 101 and a waste boiler 102, and steam generated by the biomass boiler 101 and the waste boiler 102 is merged and then enters the steam turbine 103; the condensed water heated by the heat regenerator 109 is divided into two paths, and the two paths enter the biomass boiler 101 and the waste boiler 102 respectively. The biomass boiler is not provided with a desulfurizing tower independently and shares a spray tower with the garbage boiler, the smoke of the biomass boiler and the garbage boiler has low sulfur content and high water content, and heat and water are recovered by spraying through the spray tower
The spray tower is divided into two parts, the lower part is a desulfurizing tower used for flue gas desulfurization and sensible heat recovery, and the upper part is a white eliminator used for flue gas total heat recovery and white elimination; the spray tower is used for two-stage or multi-stage spraying. And the spraying liquid in the spraying tower contains a desulfurization and denitrification reagent.
The cascade energy tower is in two-stage or multi-stage circulation, and the multi-stage circulation is connected in series; the number of stages of the cascade energy tower is matched with the number of stages of the spray tower.
The flow of the system disclosed by the embodiment in the heating season and the non-heating season is as follows:
non-heating seasons: the first heat exchange medium at the outlet of the cold end of the heat reservoir 114 is divided into three paths, wherein one path enters the solar heat collector 112 through L15 after flue gas waste heat is recovered by the aid of L14 and the energy tower 108, the other path enters the solar heat collector 112 through L18 after exhaust steam waste heat is recovered by the aid of the L17 and the condenser 110, and the third path enters the industrial waste heat exchange heat pump 111 through L17b for heating and then is combined with the first heat exchange medium flowing out of the solar heat collector 112 and then enters the hot end inlet of the heat reservoir 114; that is, industrial waste heat, solar energy and flue gas waste heat can be stored in the heat storage 114.
Heating season: when the outlet temperature of the hot end of the heat reservoir 114 meets the heat supply parameters in the initial cold period, the heat stored in the heat reservoir 114 in the season-crossing mode is sent to the transmission and distribution pipeline system in a gradient mode, heat release circulation is achieved, and part of heat is stored in the transmission and distribution pipeline; meanwhile, the heat supply of biomass, waste heat of garbage power plants, industrial waste heat and solar energy which operate all the year round are supplied together, which is equivalent to the increase of heat supply capacity; when the temperature of the return water main pipe L22 of the transmission and distribution heat supply network entering the cold end inlet of the heat reservoir 114 is lower than the initial cold period heat supply parameter, the energy island increases the hot end outlet temperature of the heat reservoir 114 according to the output power.
The temperature of water supplied to the tail end and the user unit is lower than 90 ℃, the temperature of return water is lower than 20 ℃, the difference of heat exchange ends is lower than 3 ℃, and the temperature of water supplied to the tail end of the user is lower than 50 ℃.
The method comprises the steps of cooperatively supplementing one or more dispersed energy sources of low-temperature heat sources such as terrestrial heat or water sources and the like in a terminal unit and a user unit, wherein the terrestrial heat is utilized by a ground source heat pump in a middle-deep layer, the water source is utilized by a non-interference ground heat water source heat pump in urban sewage sources, middle-deep layers, and the water source heat pump can be used for heating and can also be used for supplying domestic hot water.
The system disclosed by the embodiment can realize beneficial technical effects of power cooperative supply, heating power cooperative supply, steam supply fluctuation regulation, solar energy, industrial waste heat fluctuation regulation, biomass and garbage fuel fluctuation regulation, terminal geothermal energy, water source heat pump thermoelectric peak-valley regulation and the like, and specifically comprises the following steps:
electric power cooperative supply: other industrial waste heat of the energy island is recovered through the industrial waste heat exchange heat pump, and in the aspect of matching of thermoelectric supply and demand, due to the fact that peak-valley difference exists in electric power, when the electric power demand is small, the heat storage device of the energy island is used for storing heat, the electric power is consumed by the heat pump, and meanwhile, the industrial waste heat can be recovered through the heat pump to be used as heat energy supplement, so that efficient energy conversion is achieved; under the condition that the main steam quantity of the boiler is not changed, the continuous adjustment of the output power is realized.
Thermal cooperative supply: the heat reservoir of the energy island has heat storage and heat release functions, and the heat storage medium of the heat reservoir is water or solid. The heat reservoir is used for storing solar energy, exhaust steam and industrial waste heat in different seasons, is used for adjusting heat storage days in heating seasons and heat storage days in non-heating seasons, meanwhile, the solar quality of the heat supply network at low temperature is adjusted by utilizing the heat inertia of the transmission and distribution heat supply network and the user building, the appropriate daily quantity adjustment is carried out under the condition that the pipeline stress and the expansion of the compensator are not influenced, the problem of unstable dynamic supply and demand loads is solved, the contradiction between the heat supply quantity and the power generation quantity is adjusted, and the thermoelectric cooperation is realized.
Steam supply fluctuation adjustment: the system can realize energy storage, heat supply, power supply and industrial steam supply, the industrial steam is provided by the extraction of a steam turbine, and the supply fluctuation of the industrial steam can be adaptively adjusted through the output of heat and electric products; when the load demand is reduced, the steam exhaust amount of the steam turbine is increased, the dead steam enters the condenser, and the heat is transferred to the heat reservoir for storage; when the load demand is increased, the steam extraction is increased, the steam exhaust amount is reduced, and the heat storage system releases heat to ensure heat supply.
Solar energy and industrial waste heat fluctuation regulation: solar energy and industrial waste heat of the energy island are used as supplementary energy, the solar energy has day and night fluctuation and weather change fluctuation, the industrial waste heat has productivity fluctuation, and the solar energy can be combined with heat storage; day and night fluctuation of the solar energy heat collector is coupled with peak valley of power demand, seasonal heat storage of the solar energy heat collector is coupled with productive fluctuation of industrial waste heat, and photo-thermal complementation of solar energy and heat energy is achieved.
Biomass and garbage fuel fluctuation regulation: the biomass fuel is renewable energy, the yield of the biomass fuel is related to agriculture and forestry, the biomass fuel and the waste fuel are used as main energy sources and are effectively supplemented, and flexible adjustment can be realized under the condition that the total amount of main steam of boilers is not changed.
Regulating thermoelectricity peak valley of a terminal geothermal and water source heat pump: the tail end geothermal heat pump and the water source heat pump are dispersed in scale and have higher flexibility, and the power of the tail end geothermal heat pump and the water source heat pump is an external power supply, and on one hand, the power is taken as the consumption of off-peak power and on the other hand, the power is taken as the supplement peak regulation of tail end heat supply load.
Example two
The embodiment discloses a control and regulation method of a system according to the first embodiment, which comprises the following steps:
s1: electric power cooperation substep: when the power requirements of the tail end and the user unit are reduced, the power consumption of the industrial waste heat exchange heat pump in the energy island is increased; when the power requirements of the tail end and the user unit are increased, the power consumption of the industrial waste heat exchange heat pump in the energy island is reduced; the electronic synergetic substep realizes continuous regulation of output power under the condition that the main steam quantity of the boiler is not changed;
s2: the peak-valley regulation substep of the terminal geothermal water source heat pump thermoelectricity: controlling each geothermal heat pump and water source heat pump of the tail end and the user unit to consume more electric power in the valley period and supplement and regulate the peak for the heat supply quantity of the tail end;
s3: steam supply adjustment substep: when the steam demand of the tail end and the user unit is reduced, the steam extraction amount of the steam turbine is reduced, the steam exhaust amount of the steam turbine is increased, and the dead steam enters the condenser, so that more heat is recovered to the circulating medium and is stored in the heat reservoir; increasing the extraction from the turbine as the steam demand of the end and customer units increases, so that the steam extraction of the turbine decreases;
s4: a thermal synergy substep: adjusting the heat storage quantity and the heat supply quantity of a heat reservoir of the energy island, performing low-temperature solar quality adjustment on a heat supply network by utilizing the heat inertia of a transmission and distribution heat supply network and a user building, properly adjusting the solar quantity without influencing pipeline stress and expansion and contraction of a compensator, solving the problem of unstable dynamic supply and demand load, adjusting the contradiction between the heat supply quantity and the power generation quantity, and realizing thermoelectric cooperation;
s5: a solar energy and industrial waste heat fluctuation regulator sub-step: the solar heat collector and the industrial waste heat are used as energy supplement of the heat reservoir, and photo-thermal complementation of solar energy and heat energy is realized;
s6: the biomass and garbage fuel fluctuation adjustment substep comprises: the supply amount of the biomass fuel and the garbage combustion is adjusted to effectively supplement the biomass fuel and the garbage, so that the flexible adjustment of the biomass fuel and the garbage under the condition that the total amount of main steam of the two boilers is not changed is realized.
Further, the method comprises the following steps:
and S7, arranging one or more of a temperature sensor, a flow rate sensor and a pressure sensor at key positions of the system, collecting parameters of the sensors and adjusting the operation of the system under all working conditions all year round by using the parameters.
The control method of the embodiment is a multi-parameter control and adjustment method, a plurality of monitoring points of temperature, flow rate (flow), pressure and the like of various media are arranged at key points of each part, and the thermal and physical parameters of the media are controlled by utilizing various monitoring indexes to guide the operation of the whole year and various variable working conditions.

Claims (11)

1. A multi-energy coordinated urban energy supply system for providing one or more of steam, electricity and hot water to the outside, characterized in that the system comprises: the system comprises an energy island (1-1), a transmission and distribution pipeline (1-2), a tail end and a user unit (1-3);
the energy island (1-1) comprises a boiler, a steam turbine (103), a generator (115), an economizer (104), an air preheater (105), a dust remover (106), a spray tower (107), a step energy tower (108), a heat regenerator (109), a condenser (110), an industrial waste heat pump (111), a solar thermal collector (112), a chimney (113) and a heat reservoir (114);
the end and subscriber unit (1-3) comprises: one or more of a steam user (401), an electric user (402), a heating user (403), and a domestic hot water user (405);
one or more of steam, electricity, hot water supplied by the energy island (1-1) is supplied to the terminal and subscriber units (1-3) via a distribution line (1-2).
2. The system of claim 1, wherein:
steam generated by the boiler enters a steam turbine (103) through a pipeline to do work to push an electric energy generated by a generator (115) to supply power to a self-use and industrial waste heat exchange heat pump (111) of a source island, and is transmitted to an electric user (402) and other electric equipment in the tail end and user unit through a power grid;
the industrial extraction steam of the steam turbine (103) is supplied to the steam consumer (401) via a line (L3);
the exhaust steam of the steam turbine (103) enters the condenser (110) through a pipeline (L4), condensed condensate water enters the heat regenerator (109) through a pipeline (L16), extracted steam from the steam turbine (103) enters the heat regenerator (109) through a pipeline (L5) and heats the condensate water, and the heated condensate water enters the boiler;
the flue gas of the boiler sequentially enters the economizer (104), the air preheater (105), the dust remover (106), the spray tower (107) and the chimney (113) through pipelines;
spraying flue gas in a spraying tower (107) by using spraying liquid, carrying out total heat recovery on the flue gas, and then enabling the spraying liquid to enter a step energy tower (108) and exchange heat with a circulating medium;
the first heat exchange medium flows out from a cold end outlet of the heat reservoir (114) and then is divided into three paths, wherein one path enters the cascade energy tower (108) through a pipeline (L14) to exchange heat with the spray liquid, and then is conveyed to the solar heat collector (112) through a pipeline (L15); the other path of the waste steam enters a condenser (110) through a pipeline (L17), and enters a solar heat collector (112) through a pipeline (L18) after the waste steam heat is recovered; the first heat exchange medium flowing out of the solar heat collector (112) enters the heat reservoir (114) through a pipeline (L19); the third path of the waste heat enters an industrial waste heat exchange heat pump (111) through a pipeline (L17b), is heated and then enters a heat reservoir (114) through a pipeline (L20);
the heat reservoir (114) provides a second heat exchange medium to the end and to the user units via a delivery line.
3. The system of claim 2, wherein: the terminal and user unit further comprises a plate heat exchanger (301), a middle-deep geothermal heat pump (302), a plate heat exchanger (303), a heating water source heat pump (304), a plate heat exchanger (305), a domestic hot water source heat pump (306) and a hot water tank (307);
the second heat exchange medium of the heat reservoir (114) flows out through a main water supply pipe (L21) and then is divided into two paths, wherein one path enters the plate heat exchanger (301) through a pipeline (L23), enters the evaporator side of the intermediate-deep geothermal heat pump (302) after heat exchange, and then flows out through a pipeline (L24) and flows into the geothermal well (201); the other path enters the plate heat exchanger (303) through a pipeline (L25), exchanges heat and then flows out through a pipeline (L26), and then is divided into three branches:
wherein the first branch enters the evaporator side of the heating water source heat pump (304) through a pipeline (L27) and flows out through a pipeline (L28) and returns to the heat reservoir (114) through a pipeline (L22);
the branch II enters the plate heat exchanger (305) through a pipeline (L29) for heat exchange, then flows out through a pipeline (L30) and returns to the heat reservoir (114) through a pipeline (L22);
wherein the branch three enters the evaporator side of the domestic hot water source heat pump (306) through a pipeline (L31) and returns to the heat reservoir (114) through a pipeline (L22) after flowing out through a pipeline (L32);
the third circulating medium flows out of the heating user (403), enters the condenser side of the intermediate geothermal heat pump (302) through a pipeline (L38), then enters the plate heat exchanger (301) for heat exchange, and then enters the heating user (403) through a pipeline (L37);
the third circulating medium flows out of the heating user (404), enters the condenser side of the heating water source heat pump (304) through a pipeline (L40), then enters the plate heat exchanger (303) for heat exchange, and then enters the heating user (404) through a pipeline (L39);
tap water enters the plate heat exchanger (305) from a pipeline (L33), enters the condenser side of the domestic hot water source heat pump (306) after heat exchange, enters the hot water tank (307) through a pipeline (L35), and then enters the domestic hot water user (405).
4. The system of claim 1, wherein: the boiler comprises a biomass boiler (101) and a waste boiler (102), and steam generated by the biomass boiler (101) and the waste boiler (102) is merged and then enters the steam turbine (103); the condensed water heated by the heat regenerator (109) is divided into two paths and respectively enters the biomass boiler (101) and the garbage boiler (102).
5. The system of claim 2, wherein: the spray tower is divided into two parts, the lower part is a desulfurizing tower used for flue gas desulfurization and sensible heat recovery, and the upper part is a white eliminator used for flue gas total heat recovery and white elimination; the spray tower is used for two-stage or multi-stage spraying.
6. The system of claim 5, wherein: the cascade energy tower is in two-stage or multi-stage circulation, and the multi-stage circulation is connected in series; the number of stages of the cascade energy tower is matched with the number of stages of the spray tower.
7. The system of claim 2, wherein: the heat reservoir (114) is a hot water tank, the first heat exchange medium and the second heat exchange medium are water, the heat reservoir has the functions of water supplementing, constant pressure and pressure insulation on a system, the water temperature of the hot end of the heat reservoir (114) is 80-90 ℃, and the water temperature of the cold end of the heat reservoir (114) is 15-20 ℃, so that large-temperature-difference gradient heat storage is realized.
8. The system of claim 2, wherein: the heat reservoir (114) is a solid heat reservoir, the first heat exchange medium is used for storing heat to the heat reservoir (114), and the second heat exchange medium is used for taking heat from the heat reservoir (114).
9. The system of claim 2, wherein: the system for supplying heat to the tail end and the user unit by the energy island is a low-temperature heat supply system, the water supply temperature is lower than 90 ℃, the water return temperature is lower than 20 ℃, the water supply temperature of the tail end and the user unit is lower than 50 ℃, and the difference between the heat exchange ends of the tail end and the user unit is lower than 3 ℃.
10. A method for control regulation of a system according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of:
s1: electric power cooperation substep: when the power requirements of the tail end and the user unit are reduced, the power consumption of the industrial waste heat exchange heat pump in the energy island is increased; when the power requirements of the tail end and the user unit are increased, the power consumption of the industrial waste heat exchange heat pump in the energy island is reduced; the electronic synergetic substep realizes continuous regulation of output power under the condition that the main steam quantity of the boiler is not changed;
s2: the peak-valley regulation substep of the terminal geothermal water source heat pump thermoelectricity: controlling each geothermal heat pump and water source heat pump of the tail end and the user unit to consume more electric power in the valley period and supplement and regulate the peak for the heat supply quantity of the tail end;
s3: steam supply adjustment substep: when the steam demand of the tail end and the user unit is reduced, the steam extraction amount of the steam turbine is reduced, the steam exhaust amount of the steam turbine is increased, and the dead steam enters the condenser, so that more heat is recovered to the circulating medium and is stored in the heat reservoir; increasing the extraction from the turbine as the steam demand of the end and customer units increases, so that the steam extraction of the turbine decreases;
s4: a thermal synergy substep: adjusting the heat storage quantity and the heat supply quantity of a heat reservoir of the energy island, performing low-temperature solar quality adjustment on a heat supply network by utilizing the heat inertia of a transmission and distribution heat supply network and a user building, properly adjusting the solar quantity without influencing pipeline stress and expansion and contraction of a compensator, solving the problem of unstable dynamic supply and demand load, adjusting the contradiction between the heat supply quantity and the power generation quantity, and realizing thermoelectric cooperation;
s5: a solar energy and industrial waste heat fluctuation regulator sub-step: the solar heat collector and the industrial waste heat are used as energy supplement of the heat reservoir, and photo-thermal complementation of solar energy and heat energy is realized;
s6: the biomass and garbage fuel fluctuation adjustment substep comprises: the supply amount of the biomass fuel and the garbage combustion is adjusted to effectively supplement the biomass fuel and the garbage, so that the flexible adjustment of the biomass fuel and the garbage under the condition that the total amount of main steam of the two boilers is not changed is realized.
11. The method of claim 7, wherein: also comprises the following steps:
and S7, arranging one or more of a temperature sensor, a flow rate sensor and a pressure sensor at key positions of the system, collecting parameters of the sensors and adjusting the operation of the system under all working conditions all year round by using the parameters.
CN202010543800.3A 2020-06-15 2020-06-15 Multifunctional cooperative town energy supply system and control and regulation method thereof Pending CN111678112A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112700163A (en) * 2021-01-13 2021-04-23 清华大学 Quantitative evaluation method and system for clean heat source resources and readable medium
CN113065190A (en) * 2021-04-15 2021-07-02 天津大学 Uncertainty-based residential building heat supply amount calculation method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112700163A (en) * 2021-01-13 2021-04-23 清华大学 Quantitative evaluation method and system for clean heat source resources and readable medium
CN113065190A (en) * 2021-04-15 2021-07-02 天津大学 Uncertainty-based residential building heat supply amount calculation method

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