CN111676395A - Method for preparing low-thermal-expansion-rate aluminum alloy composite material and application thereof - Google Patents
Method for preparing low-thermal-expansion-rate aluminum alloy composite material and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
- C22C32/0063—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides based on SiC
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- C22C32/0084—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ carbon or graphite as the main non-metallic constituent
Abstract
A preparation method of a low-thermal-expansion-rate aluminum alloy composite material comprises the following steps: s1, putting the graphite worms or the nano-carbon powder and the organic solvent into a closed water-cooling pressure reaction kettle for mixing and dispersing to prepare nano-carbon slurry; s2: adding organic silicon resin into the nano-carbon slurry obtained in the step S1 in a closed hot water pressure reaction kettle, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain nano-carbon composite slurry; s3: drying and sintering the nano-carbon composite slurry in a vacuum state to prepare nano-carbon composite powder; s4: taking aluminum powder, silicon carbide powder, silicon powder, magnesium powder and nano-carbon composite powder as raw material powder, dispersing the raw material powder in an absolute ethyl alcohol solution, mixing and ball-milling the raw material powder into sheets to prepare aluminum foil slurry; s5: and filtering the aluminum foil slurry, recovering the solvent, and drying in vacuum to obtain the low-thermal-expansion-rate aluminum alloy composite material. The preparation method of the aluminum alloy composite material with low thermal expansion rate, provided by the invention, has the advantages of simple process and high production efficiency, and is suitable for industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy composite materials, and particularly relates to a method for preparing an aluminum alloy composite material with a low thermal expansion rate and application thereof.
Background
The aluminum alloy is a non-ferrous metal structural material which is most widely applied in industry, the cast aluminum alloy has good casting performance, can be made into parts with complex shapes, does not need huge additional equipment, has the advantages of saving metal, reducing cost and the like, and is widely applied in the industries of aviation, aerospace, automobiles, mechanical manufacturing, ships and the like.
The nano carbon has super high modulus, strength, electric conductivity, heat conduction and low thermal expansion, and is an ideal reinforcing phase of the aluminum alloy, about 1 percent of nano carbon is added to obviously improve the mechanical property of the aluminum alloy, and the improvement of the content of the nano carbon in the aluminum alloy is an optional way for realizing performance enhancement.
The metal powder can be used for preparing parts with complex shapes and various sizes by various methods, including casting, powder metallurgy, extrusion forming and the like, so that the nano carbon aluminum alloy powder raw material can be used as a production mode of the aluminum alloy parts.
Chinese patent literature discloses a preparation method of graphene composite aluminum alloy, and the publication number is CN108359831A, in the invention, graphene and aluminum alloy powder are ground in a ball mill, so that the wettability of graphene is improved, the graphene is quickly and uniformly distributed in a metal solution, the thermal conductivity of the obtained graphene aluminum alloy section is greatly improved, and the strength, the toughness and the like of the graphene composite aluminum alloy material are improved. However, the nanocarbon is easy to oxidize in the grinding process, and the generated oxide causes the microstructure of the aluminum alloy material to be not compact, thereby causing adverse effects on the performance of the aluminum alloy material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for quickly preparing an aluminum alloy composite material with low thermal expansion rate, which is simple in process and aims to overcome the problem that nano carbon is easy to oxidize in the preparation of the aluminum alloy composite material.
The specific solution provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, putting the graphite worms or the nano-carbon powder and the organic solvent into a closed water-cooling pressure reaction kettle for mixing and dispersing to prepare nano-carbon slurry;
s2: adding organic silicon resin into the nano-carbon slurry obtained in the step S1 in a closed hot water pressure reaction kettle, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain nano-carbon composite slurry;
s3: drying and sintering the nano-carbon composite slurry in a vacuum state to prepare nano-carbon composite powder;
s4: taking aluminum powder, silicon carbide powder, silicon powder, magnesium powder and nano-carbon composite powder as raw material powder, dispersing the raw material powder in an absolute ethyl alcohol solution, mixing and ball-milling the raw material powder into sheets to prepare aluminum foil slurry;
s5: and filtering the aluminum foil slurry, recovering the solvent, and drying in vacuum to obtain the low-thermal-expansion-rate high-thermal-conductivity aluminum alloy composite material.
Further, the specific surface area of the graphite worms in the step S1 is more than 40m2(ii)/g; the graphite worms are obtained by heating expandable graphite to 400-1100 ℃ and expanding; the expandable graphite has a multiple expansion of greater than 200; the shear speed of mixing and dispersing is more than or equal to 9000 revolutions per second.
Further, the mass ratio of the graphite worms or the nano-carbon powder to the organic solvent in the step S1 is (1-25): 100, respectively; the organic solvent is prepared from methyl isobutyl ketone, dimethyl methanol and triethanolamine according to the mass ratio of (2-40): (5-60): (4-30).
Further, the average particle size of the nanocarbon slurry in the step S1 is less than 40 μm.
Further, the mass ratio of the nanocarbon slurry to the silicone resin in the step S2 is 100: (1-30); the organic silicon resin is prepared from tetraethoxysilane, absolute ethyl alcohol and dibutyl dilaurate according to the mass ratio of (1-40): (2-40): (3-30);
further, in the step S3, the sintering temperature of the nanocarbon composite slurry is 200 to 700 ℃ and the sintering time is 1H to 10H.
Further, in step S4, the mass ratio of the aluminum powder, the silicon carbide powder, the silicon powder, the magnesium powder and the nano-carbon composite powder raw material powder to the absolute ethyl alcohol solution is (10-40): 100, respectively; the mass ratio of the aluminum powder, the silicon carbide powder, the silicon powder, the magnesium powder and the nano-carbon composite powder is 100: (1-40): (1-20): (1-25): (1-20); the diameter of the aluminum powder is 30-100 mu m.
Further, in the step S4, a stirring ball mill is adopted to compound ball mill the powder into a sheet shape; the grinding medium is zirconia beads, the diameter of the zirconia beads is 5-30 mm, the rotating speed of the stirring ball mill is 20-800 rpm, the stirring temperature is controlled at 20-35 ℃, and the stirring time is 1-40 h; the mass ratio of the aluminum powder, the silicon carbide powder, the silicon powder, the magnesium powder and the nano-carbon composite powder to the zirconia beads is (1-40): 100.
further, the specific surface area of the aluminum foil slurry in the step S4 is more than 5m2/g。
Further, the application of the low-thermal expansion coefficient aluminum alloy composite material in the casting field.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) due to the addition of the organic silicon resin, the nano carbon slurry is not easily oxidized, so that the nano carbon slurry is better compounded with aluminum powder, silicon carbide powder, silicon powder and magnesium powder in absolute ethyl alcohol, and the aluminum foil slurry with stable performance is more easily obtained;
(2) a pressure pump is not needed to provide a preparation environment, the preparation process is simple, the process is easy to control, the production efficiency is higher, and the industrial production is easy to realize;
(3) the low-thermal expansion rate aluminum alloy composite material prepared by the process has lower thermal expansion rate and higher thermal conductivity, can also be used for preparing parts with complex structural shapes by a metal casting method, and has wide application prospect.
Other features of the present invention and advantages thereof will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments thereof, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the production process of the low thermal expansion aluminum alloy composite material of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus used in the method for preparing the low thermal expansion coefficient aluminum alloy composite material of the present invention.
Wherein: 1 is a first feed conduit; 2 is a second feed conduit; 3 is a third feeding pipeline; 4, a closed water-cooling pressure reaction kettle; 5 is a stirring driving motor; 6 is a vacuum pump; 7 is a first cooling water inlet; 8 is a second cooling water inlet; and 9 is a kettle bottom valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 2, the present invention provides a method of preparing an aluminum alloy composite material with a low thermal expansion rate:
(1) firstly, using expandable graphite with expansion multiple of 600 times and 70 meshes as raw material, adding the raw material into an electric heating tube furnace, and carrying out high-temperature heating treatment at 700 ℃ to obtain graphite worms with high specific surface area and high carbon content, wherein the expansion multiple of the worms is about 300 times, and the specific surface area is 42m2(ii) in terms of/g. Adding a certain amount of graphite worms into a closed water-cooled pressure reaction kettle 4 through a feed port, and adding the required amount of organic solventThe mass ratio of the graphite worms to the organic solvent is 10: 100, the mass ratio of organic solvent methyl isobutyl ketone, dimethyl methanol and triethanolamine is 35: 55: and 10, dispersing at 5000rpm for 100min, then dispersing at 9000rpm for 90min to obtain nano carbon slurry, controlling the dispersion temperature at 25 ℃ through a first cooling water inlet and a second cooling water outlet, and opening a kettle bottom valve 9 to discharge the nano carbon slurry after the nano carbon slurry with the average particle size smaller than 40 microns is obtained.
(2) In a closed water-cooling pressure reaction kettle 4, nano-carbon slurry is filled in through a first feeding pipeline 1, organic silicon resin is filled in through a second feeding pipeline 2, and the mass ratio of the nano-carbon slurry to the organic silicon resin is 100: 30, the mass ratio of the organic silicon resin ethyl orthosilicate, the absolute ethyl alcohol and the dibutyl dilaurate is 35: 35: and 30, fully stirring the slurry in the closed water-cooling pressure reaction kettle 4 at the speed of 200rpm for 14H under the action of the stirring driving motor 5, uniformly mixing to obtain the nano-carbon composite slurry, controlling the temperature to be 85 ℃ through the water inlet and outlet of the first cooling water inlet 7 and the second cooling water outlet 8, and opening a kettle bottom valve 9 to discharge the slurry.
(3) And (3) drying the wet nano-carbon composite slurry particles in a vacuum oven by using a tray, condensing steam to recover the solvent, heating to 60 ℃, keeping for 4 hours, and returning air to the vacuum oven for 2 hours when the temperature is reduced to room temperature in a vacuum state to obtain the dried nano-carbon composite particles. And then the dried nano carbon composite particles are put into a sintering furnace to be heated, the sintering temperature is 350 ℃, and the time is 8H, so that the nano carbon composite powder is obtained.
(4) Aluminum powder, silicon carbide powder, silicon powder, magnesium powder and nano carbon composite powder are added into a closed pressure reaction kettle 4 from a feeding hole to serve as raw material powder, absolute ethyl alcohol is added into the closed pressure reaction kettle from a third feeding pipeline 3, and the mass ratio of the raw material powder to the absolute ethyl alcohol solution is 20: 100, the mass ratio of the aluminum powder, the silicon carbide powder, the silicon powder, the magnesium powder and the nano-carbon composite powder is 100: 20: 10: 15: stirring and ball-milling the mixture into aluminum foil slurry in a vacuum state, wherein the diameter of aluminum powder is 30 microns, grinding beads are zirconia beads with the diameter of 10mm, the stirring speed is 500rpm, and the mass ratio of the aluminum powder, silicon carbide powder, silicon powder, magnesium powder and nano-carbon composite powder raw material powder to the zirconia beads is 20: 100. the temperature of the stirring ball milling is controlled by the water inlet and outlet of the first cooling water inlet 7 and the second cooling water outlet 8, so that the temperature is maintained at 25 ℃, the stirring time is 8 hours, the aluminum foil slurry with the specific surface area of 5.2m2/g is obtained, and the vacuum pump 6 works, so that the vacuum degree in the reaction kettle is maintained in a vacuum state of-0.2 MP.
(5) Filtering the aluminum foil slurry, putting wet aluminum foil slurry particles in a vacuum oven for drying by using a tray, condensing steam to recover a solvent, heating to 60 ℃ for 2-5 h, keeping to 80 ℃ for 1-4 h, keeping to 100 ℃ for 1-2 h, cooling to room temperature in a vacuum state, refluxing air to the vacuum oven, keeping for 2h, and keeping the vacuum degree at-0.2 MP to obtain the dried low-thermal-expansion-rate aluminum alloy composite material.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a low thermal expansion aluminum alloy composite material:
(1) firstly, expandable graphite with expansion multiple of 700 times and 80 meshes is taken as a raw material, added into an electric heating tube furnace and subjected to high-temperature heating treatment at 800 ℃ to obtain graphite worms with high specific surface area and high carbon content, wherein the expansion multiple of the worms is about 350 times, and the specific surface area is 46m2(ii) in terms of/g. Adding a certain amount of graphite worms into a closed water-cooling pressure reaction kettle 4 through a feeding hole, and then adding a required amount of organic solvent, wherein the mass ratio of the graphite worms to the organic solvent is 20: 100, the mass ratio of organic solvent methyl isobutyl ketone, dimethyl methanol and triethanolamine is 25: 45: and 30, dispersing at the speed of 5000rpm for 100min, then dispersing at the speed of 9000rpm for 90min to obtain nano carbon slurry, controlling the dispersion temperature at 25 ℃ through a first cooling water inlet and a second cooling water outlet, and opening a kettle bottom valve 9 after the nano carbon slurry with the average particle size smaller than 40 mu m is obtained, so that the nano carbon slurry is discharged.
(2) In a closed water-cooling pressure reaction kettle 4, nano-carbon slurry is filled through a first feeding pipeline 1, organic silicon resin is filled through a second feeding pipeline 2, and the mass ratio of the nano-carbon slurry to the organic silicon resin is 100: 20, the mass ratio of the organic silicon resin ethyl orthosilicate, the absolute ethyl alcohol and the dibutyl dilaurate is 40: 35: 25, fully stirring the slurry in the closed water-cooling pressure reaction kettle 4 at the speed of 300rpm for 12H under the action of the stirring driving motor 5, uniformly mixing to obtain the nano-carbon composite slurry, controlling the temperature to be 85 ℃ through the water inlet and outlet of the first cooling water inlet 7 and the second cooling water outlet 8, and opening the kettle bottom valve 9 to discharge the slurry.
(3) And (3) drying the wet nano-carbon composite slurry particles in a vacuum oven by using a tray, condensing steam to recover the solvent, heating to 60 ℃, keeping for 4 hours, and returning air to the vacuum oven for 2 hours when the temperature is reduced to room temperature in a vacuum state to obtain the dried nano-carbon composite particles. And then the dried nano carbon composite particles are put into a sintering furnace to be heated, the sintering temperature is 450 ℃, and the time is 6H, so that the nano carbon composite powder is obtained.
(4) Aluminum powder, silicon carbide powder, silicon powder, magnesium powder and nano carbon composite powder are added into a closed pressure reaction kettle 4 from a feeding hole to serve as raw material powder, absolute ethyl alcohol is added into the closed pressure reaction kettle from a third feeding pipeline 3, and the mass ratio of the raw material powder to the absolute ethyl alcohol solution is 30: 100, the mass ratio of the aluminum powder, the silicon carbide powder, the silicon powder, the magnesium powder and the nano-carbon composite powder is 100: 25: 15: 20: stirring and ball-milling the mixture in a vacuum state to obtain aluminum foil slurry, wherein the diameter of aluminum powder is 30 microns, the grinding beads are zirconia beads with the diameter of 10mm, the stirring speed is 500rpm, and the mass ratio of the aluminum powder, the silicon carbide powder, the silicon powder, the magnesium powder and the nano-carbon composite powder to the zirconia beads is 20: 100. the temperature of the stirring ball milling is controlled by the water inlet and outlet of the first cooling water inlet 7 and the second cooling water outlet 8, so that the temperature is maintained at 25 ℃, the stirring time is 8 hours, the aluminum foil slurry with the specific surface area of 5.2m2/g is obtained, and the vacuum pump 6 works, so that the vacuum degree in the reaction kettle is maintained in a vacuum state of-0.2 MP.
(5) Filtering the aluminum foil slurry, putting wet aluminum foil slurry particles in a vacuum oven for drying by using a tray, condensing steam to recover a solvent, heating to 60 ℃ for 2-5 h, keeping to 80 ℃ for 1-4 h, keeping to 100 ℃ for 1-2 h, cooling to room temperature in a vacuum state, refluxing air to the vacuum oven, keeping for 2h, and keeping the vacuum degree at-0.2 MP to obtain the dried low-thermal-expansion-rate aluminum alloy composite material.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a low thermal expansion aluminum alloy composite material:
(1) firstly, using 90-mesh expandable graphite with expansion multiple of 800 times as raw material, adding the raw material into an electric heating tube furnace, and carrying out high-temperature heating treatment at 900 ℃ to obtain graphite worms with high specific surface area and high carbon content, wherein the expansion multiple of the worms is about 400 times, and the specific surface area is 48m2(ii) in terms of/g. Adding a certain amount of graphite worms into a closed water-cooling pressure reaction kettle 4 through a feeding hole, and then adding a required amount of organic solvent, wherein the mass ratio of the graphite worms to the organic solvent is 25: 75, the mass ratio of the organic solvent methyl isobutyl ketone, the dimethyl methanol and the triethanolamine is 30: 40: and 30, dispersing at the speed of 5000rpm for 100min, then dispersing at the speed of 9000rpm for 90min to obtain nano carbon slurry, controlling the dispersion temperature at 25 ℃ through a first cooling water inlet and a second cooling water outlet, and opening a kettle bottom valve 9 after the nano carbon slurry with the average particle size smaller than 40 mu m is obtained, so that the nano carbon slurry is discharged.
(2) In a closed water-cooling pressure reaction kettle 4, nano-carbon slurry is filled through a first feeding pipeline 1, organic silicon resin is filled through a second feeding pipeline 2, and the mass ratio of the nano-carbon slurry to the organic silicon resin is 100: 15, the mass ratio of the organic silicon resin ethyl orthosilicate, the absolute ethyl alcohol and the dibutyl dilaurate is 30: 40: 30, fully stirring the slurry in the closed water-cooling pressure reaction kettle 4 at the speed of 400rpm for 8H under the action of the stirring driving motor 5, uniformly mixing to prepare the nano-carbon composite slurry, controlling the temperature to be 85 ℃ through the water inlet and outlet of the first cooling water inlet 7 and the second cooling water outlet 8, and opening a kettle bottom valve 9 to discharge the slurry.
(3) And (3) drying the wet nano-carbon composite slurry particles in a vacuum oven by using a tray, condensing steam to recover the solvent, heating to 60 ℃, keeping for 4 hours, and returning air to the vacuum oven for 2 hours when the temperature is reduced to room temperature in a vacuum state to obtain the dried nano-carbon composite particles. And then the dried nano carbon composite particles are put into a sintering furnace to be heated, wherein the sintering temperature is 550 ℃, and the time is 4H, so that the nano carbon composite powder is obtained.
(4) Aluminum powder, silicon carbide powder, silicon powder, magnesium powder and nano carbon composite powder are added into a closed pressure reaction kettle 4 from a feeding hole to serve as raw material powder, absolute ethyl alcohol is added into the closed pressure reaction kettle from a third feeding pipeline 3, and the mass ratio of the raw material powder to the absolute ethyl alcohol solution is 35: 100, the mass ratio of the aluminum powder, the silicon carbide powder, the silicon powder, the magnesium powder and the nano-carbon composite powder is 100: 30: 20: 25: stirring and ball-milling the mixture into aluminum foil slurry in a vacuum state, wherein the diameter of the aluminum powder is 30 microns, the grinding beads are zirconia beads with the diameter of 10mm, the stirring speed is 500rpm, and the mass ratio of the aluminum powder, the silicon carbide powder, the silicon powder, the magnesium powder and the nano-carbon composite powder to the zirconia beads is 20: 100. the temperature of the stirring ball milling is controlled by the water inlet and outlet of the first cooling water inlet 7 and the second cooling water outlet 8, so that the temperature is maintained at 25 ℃, the stirring time is 8 hours, the aluminum foil slurry with the specific surface area of 5.2m2/g is obtained, and the vacuum pump 6 works, so that the vacuum degree in the reaction kettle is maintained in a vacuum state of-0.2 MP.
(5) Filtering the aluminum foil slurry, putting wet aluminum foil slurry particles in a vacuum oven for drying by using a tray, condensing steam to recover a solvent, heating to 60 ℃ for 2-5 h, keeping to 80 ℃ for 1-4 h, keeping to 100 ℃ for 1-2 h, cooling to room temperature in a vacuum state, refluxing air to the vacuum oven, keeping for 2h, and keeping the vacuum degree at-0.2 MP to obtain the dried low-thermal-expansion-rate aluminum alloy composite material.
The low-thermal expansion rate aluminum alloy powder with the average grain diameter of 40 microns in the embodiment 1 is selected and fully mixed with ZL101 cast ingot in a molten state, and a test sample piece is obtained by adopting a casting forming process.
Table 1. results of performance tests on ZL101 aluminum alloy casting samples with different amounts of aluminum alloy with low thermal expansion coefficient:
as can be seen from Table 1, the aluminum alloy composite material obtained by adding the low-thermal-expansion-rate aluminum alloy has the advantages of low thermal expansion rate and high thermal conductivity compared with the aluminum alloy material obtained by not adding the low-thermal-expansion-rate aluminum alloy, and the performance is further improved along with the increase of the addition amount, mainly because the nano carbon slurry is not easily oxidized due to the addition of the organic silicon resin, so that the nano carbon slurry is better compounded with aluminum powder, silicon carbide powder, silicon powder and magnesium powder in absolute ethyl alcohol, and the aluminum foil slurry with stable performance is more easily obtained.
Similarly, the application method and performance of the low thermal expansion aluminum alloy of the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3 are equivalent to those of the embodiment 1, and are not repeated.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (10)
1. A method of making a low thermal expansion aluminum alloy composite, comprising the steps of:
s1, putting the graphite worms or the nano-carbon powder and the organic solvent into a closed water-cooling pressure reaction kettle for mixing and dispersing to prepare nano-carbon slurry;
s2: adding organic silicon resin into the nano-carbon slurry obtained in the step S1 in a closed hot water pressure reaction kettle, and uniformly stirring and mixing to obtain nano-carbon composite slurry;
s3: drying and sintering the nano-carbon composite slurry in a vacuum state to prepare nano-carbon composite powder;
s4: taking aluminum powder, silicon carbide powder, silicon powder, magnesium powder and nano-carbon composite powder as raw material powder, dispersing the raw material powder in an absolute ethyl alcohol solution, mixing and ball-milling the raw material powder into sheets to prepare aluminum foil slurry;
s5: and filtering the aluminum foil slurry, recovering the solvent, and drying in vacuum to obtain the low-thermal-expansion-rate aluminum alloy composite material.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the graphite worms of step S1 have a specific surface area greater than 40m2(ii)/g; the graphite worms are obtained by heating expandable graphite to 400-1100 ℃ and expanding; the expandable graphite has a multiple expansion of greater than 200; the shear speed of mixing and dispersing is more than or equal to 9000 revolutions per second.
3. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy composite material with the low thermal expansion rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the graphite worms or the nano carbon powder to the organic solvent in the step S1 is (1-25): 100, respectively; the organic solvent is prepared from methyl isobutyl ketone, dimethyl methanol and triethanolamine according to the mass ratio of (2-40): (5-60): (4-30).
4. The method for preparing the low thermal expansion aluminum alloy composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the average particle size of the nanocarbon slurry in the step S1 is less than 40 μm.
5. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy composite material with the low thermal expansion rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the nanocarbon slurry to the silicone resin in the step S2 is 100: (1-30); the organic silicon resin is prepared from tetraethoxysilane, absolute ethyl alcohol and dibutyl dilaurate according to the mass ratio of (1-40): (2-40): (3-30).
6. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy composite material with the low thermal expansion rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the sintering temperature of the nano carbon composite slurry is 200-700 ℃ and the sintering time is 1-10H.
7. The method for preparing the aluminum alloy composite material with the low thermal expansion rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the mass ratio of the aluminum powder, the silicon carbide powder, the silicon powder, the magnesium powder and the nano carbon composite powder to the absolute ethyl alcohol solution is (10-40): 100, respectively; the mass ratio of the aluminum powder, the silicon carbide powder, the silicon powder, the magnesium powder and the nano-carbon composite powder is 100: (1-40): (1-20): (1-25): (1-20); the diameter of the aluminum powder is 30-100 mu m.
8. The method for preparing the low-thermal-expansion-rate aluminum alloy composite material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the powder is compositely ball-milled into sheets by using a stirred ball mill; the grinding medium is zirconia beads, the diameter of the zirconia beads is 5-30 mm, the rotating speed of the stirring ball mill is 20-800 rpm, the stirring temperature is controlled at 20-35 ℃, and the stirring time is 1-40 h; the mass ratio of the aluminum powder, the silicon carbide powder, the silicon powder, the magnesium powder and the nano-carbon composite powder to the zirconia beads is (1-40): 100.
9. the method of claim 1, wherein the aluminum foil slurry of step S4 has a specific surface area greater than 5m2/g。
10. Use of a low thermal expansion aluminium alloy composite material obtained by a method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in the field of casting.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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