CN111673275A - Vacuum laser composite preparation method of titanium steel composite plate - Google Patents
Vacuum laser composite preparation method of titanium steel composite plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN111673275A CN111673275A CN202010449459.5A CN202010449459A CN111673275A CN 111673275 A CN111673275 A CN 111673275A CN 202010449459 A CN202010449459 A CN 202010449459A CN 111673275 A CN111673275 A CN 111673275A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/211—Bonding by welding with interposition of special material to facilitate connection of the parts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/32—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved
- B23K26/323—Bonding taking account of the properties of the material involved involving parts made of dissimilar metallic material
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of composite board preparation, in particular to a vacuum laser composite preparation method of a titanium steel composite board. It includes: sequentially placing copper materials and titanium materials on the surface of a base material, compacting the edges of the base material by using a die to form a rough blank, vacuumizing the rough blank in the die, performing laser cladding, and then cooling to finish the process. The invention overcomes the difficulty of titanium-iron linkage by a laser processing technology, saves materials and widens the application of a titanium alloy coating; by designing a proper transition layer between titanium and iron, the defects of air holes, cracks and the like are reduced, the binding force between the matrix and the coating is enhanced, the titanium steel composite plate with excellent performance is obtained, the application cost of titanium is obviously reduced, and the advantages of titanium and iron are successfully combined.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite board preparation, in particular to a vacuum laser composite preparation method of a titanium steel composite board.
Background
The titanium steel composite board is a novel board material, has excellent corrosion resistance of titanium metal, has the strength and plasticity of base material structural steel, greatly reduces the economic cost compared with the titanium board, can effectively reduce the cost and reduce the consumption of scarce metal resources, and is an ideal material known by corrosion-resistant environmental equipment. Therefore, it is currently used in a large amount in the field of corrosion-resistant products such as various chemical reaction vessels, heat exchangers, and the like.
The existing production method of the titanium steel composite plate can be divided into the following four methods: explosion cladding, diffusion cladding, explosion-rolling and rolling cladding. However, the existing production methods have a series of problems of complex process, large energy consumption, serious environmental pollution, relatively low yield and the like.
Plasma cladding and laser cladding are two relatively new metal surface treatment technologies, and plasma cladding is a metal surface treatment technology developed on the basis of surface treatment technologies such as laser cladding, plasma surfacing and the like. In the process of cladding welding, the plasma beam or the laser beam moves along the welding seam, so that the material at the welding seam is heated and melted, and the material connection is realized through dynamic recrystallization. Plasma and laser cladding have the advantages of high energy density, high precision and the like, the base material can keep the original thickness after cladding, various defects generated in the cladding process can be effectively avoided, and the generation of brittle intermetallic compounds is reduced. Therefore, the method has wide application prospect in the connection of dissimilar materials.
But at present, a mature scheme for the field of preparing the titanium-steel composite plate is not provided, because the titanium layer on the surface of the base material steel is easy to fall off due to the defect of poor ferrotitanium bonding strength when the plasma cladding and the laser cladding are used for preparing the titanium-steel composite plate.
To solve the above problems, various solutions have been proposed by those skilled in the art. For example, the patent application with the application publication number of CN106425100A of the invention of a transition layer control-based full penetration welding method for double-sided laser titanium steel composite plates, which is disclosed by the chinese patent office in 2017, 2, month 22, is that a groove is manufactured on a titanium steel interface, mixed metal powder is filled in the groove, and then laser cladding is performed in a laser double-sided welding manner, so that the mechanical properties of a welding joint of the titanium steel composite plate are brought up, that is, the bonding strength at the welding joint of the titanium steel composite plate is improved. The improvement of the bonding strength mainly depends on the composition and the proportion of mixed metal powder, namely, the mechanical strength is mainly provided by the mixed metal powder after cladding, the ferrotitanium linking effect is not directly improved, the scheme has no effect on improving the ferrotitanium linking effect, the ferrotitanium bonding strength is only about 80 percent of the position of a welding joint at the place outside the welding joint, and the ferrotitanium linking effect is poor. And the overall process is cumbersome.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a vacuum laser composite preparation method of a titanium steel composite plate, which aims to solve the problems of complex and complicated process flow, high energy consumption, low yield, poor product quality and the like of the traditional production process of the titanium steel composite plate and the problems of complex process and the like of the existing novel process.
The main purposes of the invention are as follows:
1) the process is simple and easy to operate, the cost is reduced, and the implementation and popularization are easy;
2) overcomes the difficult point of titanium-iron linkage, widens the application of titanium alloy coating while saving materials, and improves the bonding strength of the titanium-iron.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A method for preparing a titanium steel composite plate by vacuum laser compounding,
the method comprises the following steps:
sequentially placing copper materials and titanium materials on the surface of a base material, compacting the edges of the base material by using a die to form a rough blank, vacuumizing the rough blank in the die, performing laser cladding, and then cooling to finish the process.
In the technical scheme, the copper material is used as a single transition material layer and is placed between the base material and the titanium material, the compactness of three layers of metal is improved by compressing the edge of the die, the air between the three layers of metal is removed by matching with vacuum, the three layers of metal are tightly attached, no gap exists in the middle, the titanium steel composite board is prepared by cladding in a laser cladding mode, the yield of the preparation can be greatly improved, the combination effect of the three layers of metal is obviously improved, and the difficult point of titanium-iron linkage can be effectively overcome and solved. On the other hand, when laser cladding is carried out under the vacuum condition, the titanium material can be further protected, and the titanium material is prevented from being oxidized in the cladding or cooling process. Compared with other metals or alloys, the copper material has uniqueness on the technical scheme of the invention, has the advantages of soft quality, low melting point, easiness in diffusion and the like, and can realize very excellent cladding preparation effect particularly under the coordination of proper laser cladding parameters.
As a preference, the first and second liquid crystal compositions are,
the base material is carbon steel or low alloy steel.
Generally, titanium steel composite boards are all the base materials, and tests show that the common base materials can achieve extremely excellent cladding preparation effects.
As a preference, the first and second liquid crystal compositions are,
the specific operation of utilizing the die to carry out edge compaction is as follows:
the base material is placed into a die, the copper material and the titanium material are sequentially covered on the base material, the hollow upper edge strip is covered on the die, the die and the periphery of the upper edge strip are locked through a fastener, and the titanium material is exposed.
The edge pressing operation is simple and easy to implement, and the preparation and utilization of different dies can be conveniently realized according to different shapes and structures of base materials to be processed.
As a preference, the first and second liquid crystal compositions are,
the copper material is sheet-shaped or plate-shaped, and the thickness of the copper material is 0.1-1.0 mm.
The sheet or plate copper material with the thickness can effectively improve the ferrotitanium bonding strength. When the thickness of the copper material is too small, the improvement of the bonding strength of the ferrotitanium is not obvious, and when the thickness of the copper material is too large, not only resource waste is generated, but also the difficulty of interlayer diffusion is improved, and the difficulty of ferrotitanium linkage is easily improved.
As a preference, the first and second liquid crystal compositions are,
the titanium material is one of pure titanium, Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-5Al-2.5Sn, Ti3-Al, Ti-Al3, TiAlNb and Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb, and the thickness of the titanium material is 0.2-2 mm.
The sheet or plate-shaped titanium material with the thickness can achieve a good anti-corrosion effect, the anti-corrosion effect is poor due to the fact that the thickness is too small, and resource waste is caused due to the fact that the thickness is too large. The titanium material can realize the preparation of the titanium-steel composite board, has good anti-corrosion effect, and has excellent ferrotitanium linking effect.
As a preference, the first and second liquid crystal compositions are,
vacuumizing until the vacuum degree in the crude product is less than or equal to 1 × 10-3Pa。
Under the vacuum degree condition, the three layers of metal can be tightly attached, air between the three layers of metal can be basically removed, and the titanium layer can be protected.
As a preference, the first and second liquid crystal compositions are,
and the laser cladding heating temperature is higher than the melting point of the copper material.
The titanium and iron can be well linked in the laser cladding process by heating the mixture to a temperature higher than the melting point of the copper material. The actual preparation temperature depends on the thickness of the copper material and the titanium material, the type of the isolating agent, the cladding depth requirement and other factors. When the temperature is too low, a good preparation effect cannot be achieved.
As a preference, the first and second liquid crystal compositions are,
the laser cladding process parameters are as follows:
the laser power is 1000-2000W, and the sweep speed is 0.1-0.8 m/min.
The actual preparation process is subject to specific control of heating temperature, but the process parameters can basically meet the heating requirement.
As a preference, the first and second liquid crystal compositions are,
cladding is performed one or more times.
Cladding can be carried out for multiple times so as to further improve the cladding depth and improve the cladding effect.
As a preference, the first and second liquid crystal compositions are,
the surface of the titanium material is also coated with an anti-oxidation isolating agent.
The adoption of the anti-oxidation isolating agent can further solve the problem of preventing the surface of the titanium layer from being oxidized in the cladding process and cooling, and the surface quality of the composite plate is improved.
As a preference, the first and second liquid crystal compositions are,
the oxidation release agent may be Al2O3、SiO2、TiO2、Cr2O3、Fe2O3Or water glass.
The selection of the separant can realize the purpose of preventing the surface of the titanium layer from being oxidized, and part of the separant can further form a composite metal layer such as Al on the surface of the titanium layer in a composite mode2O3And SiO2And the like.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the invention overcomes the difficulty of titanium-iron linkage by a laser processing technology, saves materials and widens the application of a titanium alloy coating;
2) by designing a proper transition layer between titanium and iron, the defects of air holes, cracks and the like are reduced, the binding force between a matrix and a coating is enhanced, the titanium steel composite plate with excellent performance is obtained, the application cost of titanium is obviously reduced, and the advantages of titanium and iron are successfully combined;
3) the oxidation separant is adopted, so that the problem of oxidation of the titanium plate in the cladding process is solved, and the surface quality of the composite plate is improved;
4) the invention has more controllable parameters, can better realize the control of the coating quality, and has the advantages of good process controllability, simple preparation process, convenient operation, high efficiency and easy realization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the structure of the inventive die;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the upper edge strip of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of tissue culture of the present invention before cladding;
in the figure: 1 mould through-hole, 2 moulds, 3 mould screw holes, 4 mould inner chambers, 5 upper edge strips, 6 upper edge strip screw holes, 7 titanium materials, 8 copper materials and 9 base materials.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the attached drawing figures. Those skilled in the art will be able to implement the invention based on these teachings. Moreover, the embodiments of the present invention described in the following description are generally only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Therefore, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "thickness", "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., and "several" means one or more unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the examples of the present invention are all commercially available or available to those skilled in the art; unless otherwise specified, the methods used in the examples of the present invention are all those known to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
The size of the inner cavity 4 of the die is 101 × 101mm, the depth is 8.3mm, and a piece with the specification of 100 × 1 is preparedA Q235 steel plate with the specification of 00 × 8mm is used as a base material 9, a copper foil (copper material 8) with the specification of 100 × 100 × 0.3mm and a TiAlN titanium plate (titanium material 7) with the specification of 110 × 110 × 1.0.0 mm are arranged in a cavity 4 of a die, the steel plate is covered with the copper foil, threaded holes matched with the threaded holes 3 of the die are drilled on the periphery of the titanium plate, the titanium plate is covered on the die 2, an upper edge strip 5 is covered, the threaded holes 6 of the upper edge strip are aligned with the threaded holes 3 of the die, the upper edge strip 5 is tightly fixed with the die 2 by bolts, the steel plate, the copper foil and the titanium plate are tightly pressed into a rough blank, the rough blank is placed on a laser cladding worktable, and a layer of SiO with the thickness of 0.3mm is2The titanium plate is prevented from being oxidized, air in the rough blank of the vacuum pump connected with a vacuum gauge is pumped out through a through hole 1 of the mold 2 until the vacuum pump displays that the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 1 × 10-3Pa, so that the three layers of metal are tightly attached together and have no pores in the middle.
Carrying out primary laser cladding, wherein the distance between the titanium plate and a welding gun is 8mm, and the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: laser power 1000W, spot diameter 3.0mm, sweep rate 0.5m/min, shielding gas (Ar): 1m3/h；
And then carrying out secondary laser cladding, wherein the secondary laser cladding adopts flat top light, and the laser cladding process parameters are as follows: laser power 2000W, sweep rate 0.1m/min, shielding gas (Ar): 1m3/h。
And carrying out laser cladding, and carrying out air cooling to room temperature after the laser cladding is finished to obtain the titanium steel composite plate.
Example 2
The procedure is as in example 1, except that:
the copper foil is 0.2mm thick, the titanium plate is a Ti3-Al titanium plate with the thickness of 0.6mm, and the anti-oxidation separant is Al2O3；
The technological parameters of the primary laser cladding are as follows: laser power 1000W, flat-top laser, sweep rate 0.8m/min, shielding gas (Ar): 0.3m3/h；
The technological parameters of secondary laser cladding are as follows: laser power 2000W, flat-top laser, sweep rate 0.15m/min, shielding gas (Ar): 1m3/h。
Example 3
The procedure is as in example 1, except that:
the copper foil is 0.1mm thick, and the titanium plate is a Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb titanium plate with the thickness of 0.2 mm;
only carrying out primary laser cladding and not carrying out secondary laser cladding.
Example 4
The procedure is as in example 1, except that:
the thickness of the copper foil is 1.0mm, and the thickness of the titanium plate is 2.0 mm;
the technological parameters of the primary laser cladding are as follows: laser power 1600W, flat-top laser, sweep rate 0.3m/min, shielding gas (Ar): 1m3/h；
The technological parameters of secondary laser cladding are as follows: laser power 2000W, flat-top laser, sweep rate 0.15m/min, shielding gas (Ar): 1m3/h。
Comparative example 1
The specific procedure was the same as in example 1, except that:
the rough blank is not vacuumized.
Comparative example 2
The specific procedure was the same as in example 1, except that:
the mould is not beneficial to compressing the base material, the copper layer and the titanium material, and the base material, the copper layer and the titanium material are simply stacked.
Comparative example 3
The specific procedure was the same as in example 1, except that:
no anti-oxidation release agent is coated.
Comparative example 4
The specific procedure was the same as in example 1, except that:
the copper material was replaced with a vanadium/niobium metal plate (vanadium to niobium atomic ratio 1: 1).
Comparative example 5
The specific procedure was the same as in example 1, except that:
the laser power and the laser sweeping speed are adjusted to ensure that the heating temperature is lower than the melting point (about 900 ℃) of the copper material.
Comparative example 6
The preparation is carried out by adopting the technical scheme disclosed in the embodiment of CN 106425100A.
Testing
Through detection, the titanium steel composite board prepared by the embodiment and the comparative proportion meets the corrosion resistance standard of the titanium steel composite board in the industry. The bonding strength of the titanium layer of the titanium steel composite plate is further tested, the bonding strength test is carried out according to GBT 8642-.
Table 1: and (5) testing the titanium-iron bonding strength.
| Test object | Detection value | Test object | Detection value |
| Comparative example 6 | 100％ | Comparative example 1 | 113％ |
| Example 1 | 131％ | Comparative example 2 | 97％ |
| Example 2 | 129％ | Comparative example 3 | 121％ |
| Example 3 | 121％ | Comparative example 4 | 109％ |
| Example 4 | 129％ | Comparative example 5 | 112％ |
As is apparent from table 1 above, the titanium-steel composite board prepared by the technical scheme of the invention has a very excellent titanium-iron linking effect, is significantly improved compared with the CN106425100A technical scheme, has a simple and efficient overall process, and is more suitable for industrial production.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a titanium steel composite plate by vacuum laser compounding, which is characterized in that,
the method comprises the following steps:
sequentially placing copper materials and titanium materials on the surface of a base material, compacting the edges of the base material by using a die to form a rough blank, vacuumizing the rough blank in the die, performing laser cladding, and then cooling to finish the process.
2. The method for preparing the titanium steel composite board by vacuum laser compounding according to claim 1,
the base material is carbon steel or low alloy steel.
3. The method for preparing the titanium steel composite board by vacuum laser compounding according to claim 1,
the specific operation of utilizing the die to carry out edge compaction is as follows:
the base material is placed into a die, the copper material and the titanium material are sequentially covered on the base material, the hollow upper edge strip is covered on the die, the die and the periphery of the upper edge strip are locked through a fastener, and the titanium material is exposed.
4. The method for preparing the titanium steel composite board by vacuum laser compounding according to claim 1,
the copper material is sheet-shaped or plate-shaped, and the thickness of the copper material is 0.1-1.0 mm.
5. The method for preparing the titanium steel composite board by vacuum laser compounding according to claim 1,
the titanium material is one of pure titanium, Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-5Al-2.5Sn, Ti3-Al, Ti-Al3, TiAlNb and Ti-47Al-2Cr-2Nb, and the thickness of the titanium material is 0.2-2 mm.
6. The method for preparing the titanium steel composite board by vacuum laser compounding according to claim 1,
vacuumizing until the vacuum degree in the crude product is less than or equal to 1 × 10-3Pa。
7. The method for preparing the titanium steel composite board by vacuum laser compounding according to claim 1,
and the laser cladding heating temperature is higher than the melting point of the copper material.
8. The method for preparing the titanium steel composite board by vacuum laser compounding according to the claim 1 or 7,
the laser cladding process parameters are as follows:
the laser power is 1000-2000W, and the sweep speed is 0.1-0.8 m/min.
9. The method for preparing the titanium steel composite board by vacuum laser compounding according to claim 1,
the surface of the titanium material is also coated with an anti-oxidation isolating agent.
10. The vacuum laser composite preparation method of the titanium steel composite board according to claim 9,
the oxidation release agent may be Al2O3、SiO2、TiO2、Cr2O3、Fe2O3Or water glass.
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Application publication date: 20200918 |
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